Akai AX80 User manual

PROGRAMMABLE
POLYPHONIC
SYNTHESIZER
MODEL AX80
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SECTION 1SERVICE MANUAL
SECTION 2PARTS LIST
SECTION 3SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
SECTION 4SERVICE BULLETIN

ABBREVIATIONS FOR THE SERVICE MANUAL MODEL AX80
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLANATION
CTL PnnTrrJ v^UIl IIUL
D/A iQ11Q1tr\ Ari!alr»o (1r\r\\/f*rtf*r
L^lgllcU LU .TYllalUg V— UllVCIlCI
DCO Digital Controlled Oscillator
EG Envelope Generator
FLD FT linrpsppnt Disnlnv
FREQ
HPF Hiph Pa^ Filter
11*5 ClJJ 11111*1
INH INHibit
11 ^A11l)1I
INT TMTprnint 11> 1CI 1upi
KB-CV IVCyDUdl UV^UIHI Ul VUllage
LFO Tnw Freniienrv O^Hllator IjVJW 11V^^U^11V_ VV_7d^lllclLWl
MAX AA AYi m11m
iviAVyvini mil
MFMO MFNOrv
MIDI N/Iiicipul Inctnimpnt T~~jicnt!al Tntprfupp
IVl UMLal illoll UlllClll l^/l^lld! lllldldCC
MIN \A Ttsli m11m IVl 11N1 1 1111 11
1
MOD MODuuation
MP Memory Protection
M.WHEEL Modulation WHEEL
OSC OSCillator
PARA PAR Amptpr
lrVl\/V 11 1C IC1
PRGM PROGram
PWM Puke Width Modulation
1U13V* H1U111 IVIV/V-iLllclLiv/ll
RL Rptnrm Tine
IvtLUl 111 LI11^
ROM Read Only Memory
S/H Sample &Hold
SL Scan Line
SW SWitch
THRU THRoUgh
TRANS TRANSpose
VA Voltage Analog
VCA Voltage Controlled Amplifier
VCF Voltage Controlled Filter
VR Variable Resistor
VO VOice
SERVICE MANUAL AX80

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
SAFETY CHECK AFTER SERVICING
Confirm the specified insulation resistance between power cord plug prongs and externally exposed parts of the set is
greater than lOMohms, but for equipment with external antenna terminals (tuner, receiver, etc.) and is intended for
[Cl or [aI, specified insulation resistance should be more than 2.2 Mohms (ground terminals, microphone jacks,
headphone jacks, line-in -out jacks etc.)
PRECAUTIONS DURING SERVICING
1. Parts identified by the Asymbol parts are critical for safety.
Replace only with parts number specified.
2. In addition to safety, other parts and assemblies are specified for conformance with such regulations as those
applying to spurious radiation. These must also be replaced only with specified replacements.
Examples: RF .converters, tuner units, antenna selector switches, RF cables, noise blocking capacitors, noise
blocking filters, etc.
3. Use specified internal wiring. Note especially
:
1) Wires covered with PVC tubing
2) Double insulated wires
3) High voltage leads
4. Use specified insulating materials for hazardous live parts. Note especially:
1)Insulation Tape
2) PVC tubing
3) Spacers (Insulating Barriers)
4) Insulation sheets for transistors
5) Plastic screws for fixing microswitch (especially in turntable)
5. When replacing AC primary side components (transformers, power cords, noise blocking capacitors, etc.), wrap
ends of wires securely about the terminals before soldering.
6. Observe that wires do not contact heat producing parts (heatsinks, oxide metal film resistors, fusible resistors, etc.).
7.Check that replaced wires do not contact sharp edged or pointed parts.
8. Also check areas surrounding repaired locations.
9. Use care that foreign objects (screws, solder droplets, etc.) do not remain inside the set.
Voltage conversion
Models for Canada, USA, and Japan are not equipped with this
facillity. Each machine is preset at the factory according to its des-
tination, but some machines can be set to 110V, 120V, 220V or
240V as required.
If your machine's voltage can be converted:
Before conmnecting the power cord, trun the VOLTAGE SELEC-
TOR located on the bottom panel with ascrewdriver until the cor-
rect voltage is indicated.
2
SERVICE MANUAL AX80

SECTION 1
SERVICE MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. SPECIFICATIONS 4
II. DISMANTLING OF METHOD 5
DDL CONTROLS AND UNIT CONNECTIONS 6
IV. THE KEYBOARD RELATIONSHIP TO EQUALLY TEMPERED SCALE FREQUENCES
AND MUSICAL NOTATION 8
V. PRINCIPAL PARTS LOCATION 9
VI. AX80 IC BERSIONS 9
VII. ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE FOR AX80 VOICE PCB 1
1
1. PREPARATIONFORTHE ADJUSTMENT 11
2. OFFSET ADJUSTMENT (ADJUSTMENT OF SAWTOOTH WAVE LEVEL ON
OCO-2) 1
1
3. ADJUSTMENT OF SAWTOOTH WAVE LEVEL 13
4. RESONANCE FREQUENCY ADJUSTMENT 14
5. LOADING A+B BANK DATA AND CONFIRMATION 14
0u92
This Manual is FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY and must not be made
available to unauthorized personal. No part of this manual may be re-
produced in any form without permission from AKAI-ELECTRIC CO.,
LTD., Tokyo, Japan.
a
SERVICE MANUAL AX80
3

I. SPECIFICATIONS
Key 61Key Cscale
Voice 8voice- 16 OSC, 8Sub Osc
Key touch sense VCA +VCF
Sample sounds 32 Sounds (Factory programmed)
Memory bank Aand B, each 32 sounds (User programmable)
OSC-1 1. FREQ RANGE (16\8\4')
2. WAVE (OFF, K,J~L ,MIX)
3. PW (DUTY 50% to 90%)
4. PWM speed (Rate 0. 1to 20Hz)
5. SUB OSC (ON,OFF)
6. OSC -1Level
7. FREQ RANGE (16', 8' ,4', 2', adjustment by 100 cent
steps)
8. Detune (±36 cents)
9. WAVE (OFF, ,,MIX)
10. CROSS MOD (OFF, 1,2)
11. EG depth
12. EG select (VCF, VCA)
13. OSC-2 Level
14. Cut off freq (less than lOHz, more than 20Hz)
15. Resonance
16. EG depth
17. Key follow (0 to 150%)
18. Key velocity
19. H.P.F.
20. 33,37, Depth
21. 34, 38, Speed (0.1 to20Hz)
22. 35, 39, Delay (0 to 5sec.)
23. 36, 40, WAVE (XL, |\ ,A>A)
24. LFO select (OSC-1 ,OSC-2, VCF)
25. 41 Attack
OSC-2
VCF
LFO
EG
26. 42 Decay
27. 43 Sustain
28. 44 Release
29. 45 Key follow
30. EG select (VCA, VCA/VCF, VCF)
Two independent EG systems enable the following range of set-
tings to be achieved.
VCA: 25 29
VCA, VCF: 25 29
VCF: 41 45
31. Key velocity,
32. Level
Tune ±50 cents
Wheel Modulation (OSC, VCF)/Pitch bend (± 1200 cents in 100 cent
steps)
MIDI Key number, Key velocity, Pitch bender, Program change, Con-
trol change (Modulation wheel, Sustain SW), Transmit/Receive
channel select
External jack Audio out OdBv (IV) max (Monophonic), Headphone (Stereo),
Sustain nedal Proeram nn nedal Tanp mpmnrv OT IT^
MIDI jacks (IN,OUT,THRU)
Dimensions 1,018 (W)x 102 (H)x 392 (D) mm (40.1 x4.0x 15.4 inches)
Weight 15.2kg (33.4 lbs)
*For improvement purposes, specifications and design are subject to change without prior notice.

II. DISMANTLING METHOD
2-1. How to open the Front Cover
OPEN
Fig. 2-2
1)Remove nine screws in Fig. 2- 1
.
2) Open the Front Cover as shown in Fig. 2-2.
(Be careful not to damage the wires holding the Front
Cover while it is opened)
2-2. How to dismantle the Keyboard Block and bend Panel Block. (Refer to Fig 2-3)
KEYBOARD BLOCK !SCREW X5
BEND PANEL BLOCK \SCREW X4
Fig. 2-3
1)Remove the screws in group A(5 screws) for the Key-
board Block, and the screws in group B(4 screws) for
the Bend Panel Block (Refer to Fig. 2-3)
2) Then disconnect the connectors P3 on CPU PCB for
the Keyboard Block and PI &P2 for the Bend Panel
Block. (Refer to Fig 2-2)
-SERVICE MANUAL AX80-
5

III. CONTROLS AND UNIT CONNECTIONS
SERVICE MANUAL AX80
6

This control is used to tune the pitch.
At the maximum setting, the tuning can
be adjusted over arange of ±50
cents. Tuning the control towards #
will increase the pitch while turning it
KEY TRANS button and indicator
(Key Transpose)
This key is used to transpose the key
over a
toC
EDIT CONTROL UP/DOWN buttons
Use these buttons during the edit mode
to change the respective parameter
data by one increment at atime. While
also functioning as data fine adjust-
ment buttons, during aperformance for
example, the buttons will also operate
-MIDI button
Use this button to set the MIDI trans-
mission/reception channel. The trans-
mission/reception channel will be ini-
tialized to channel 1when the power is
turned on.
M. WHEEL TCF button and
indicator (Modulation Wheel
Voltage Control Filter)
Use this button to enable the cut-off
frequency of the VCF to be controlled
by the I.WNr-
Press this bi
the
go out.
indicator (Modulation Wheel
Oscillator) -
Use this button to enable the oscillation
frequency of the oscillators (OSC-1 &
OSC-2) to be controlled by the .
WHEEL. Press this button once again to
cancel the f
tor to go out.
IT button and
indicator
>n Is used when
certain chord, or for single-finger
chording, etc.. when the use of amemo-
rized chord is required.
To cancel f"
HOLD button and indicator -
Press this button to extend (h
note of the key depressed c
-WRITE button and indicator
Use this button to memorize the voice
data created during EDIT mode onto
memory banks Aor B. Press the EDIT
button to cancel this function during
-TAPE button and indicator
This button is used to save (record) the
voice data memorized in the respective
banks (A, Bor PRESET) of the AX80
onto tape, to verify (confirm) the voice
data recorded on tape, or to load the
recorded voice data into banks Aor B
oftheAXSO.
To cancel this function, press tl
button when the t
EG/VCA Mode Di ..
causing the indicators to go out.
A, buttons and indicators
These buttons are used to memorize
the voice data created during the edit
mode, or when utilizing the voice data
for the memory banks Aand B.
It ie possible to write new data into
these memory banks.
Voice data has already been memo-
rized onto the respective memory
banks Aand B. It is advisable to first
save these voice data onto tape before
memorizing voice data created during
the edit mode, since entering new di
EDIT button and Indicator -
This button is used for the application
of voice data memorized In the A, B, or
PRESET banks for the creation of en-
tirety new voice data.
-OUTPUT control
Use this control to adjust the output
level of the MTPBT jack or the PUSHES
Fig. 3-2
-SERVICE MANUAL AX80-

IV. THE KEYBOARD RECATION-SHIP TO EQUALLY
TEMPEREDSCALE FREQUENCES AND
MUSI-CALNOTATION.
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•Piano keyboard -
AX 80 keyboard coverage* -
•X- Key board Coverage
by Frequency Range
Setting (El or E7)
16' :Ci-Ce
8' :C2-C7
4' :C3-C8
2' :C4-C9
Piano: A0-Ae
Fig. 4-1
SERVICE MANUAL AX80-

V. PRINCIPAL PARTS LOCATION
VI. IC VERIONS
1) There are three versions of AX80s by using different
types, lot numbers and programs of ICs.
2) These IC combinations must be used for the optimum
results.
3) Three combinations.
ROM IC4 (//PD2764 D) Voice IC 106-806 in VOICE
in CPU PCB. PCB (ECM3372)
Program Versions Types Lot Numbers
IB8425
IB8427
KCN/A
4) How to distinguish the differences.
y
r842
EM 337 2
8425 3I60B-OI
ICEM 3372 ICEI
|8427 3I60B-0I |306. _
INDICATING TYPES
3372
3060C-0I
}|S IAX-80 IIaX-80k|
INDICATING PROGRAM VERSIONS.
Fig. 6-1 r
SERVICE MANUAL AX80-
9

5) Location of the ICs (Refer to Figs. 6-2 &7-1).
Fig. 6-2
10
SERVICE MANUAL AX80

VII. ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE FOR VOICE PCB
D
TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5
OFF-SET AD
J
0
VRI02 VR202 ©© ©
R302 VR<02 VRSO< ©
VB602 VR702 VR802
SAWTOOTH WAVE LEVEL AOJ
©
PI VRI
r~^T
P1
—
©©©
VRIOI VR20I VR30I
RESONANCE ADJ
—i
1111—
r
Tp, 0
© © ©©©
VR40I VR50I VR60I VR70I VR80I
•
FRONT VOICE PCB LI003A50IO
XALL THE IC« (ICI06to806: CEM 3372 )
Fig. 7-1
7-1. PREPARATION FOR THE ADJUSTMENT
*It is recommended to save A&Bbank data onto acas-
sett tape, and verify A&Bbank data.
*It is requied to warm the unit up for 5minuits before
the adjustment of the resonance frequency for each
voice.
*Make sure to load A&Bbank data from the cassette
tape after repair or/and adjustment was completed.
7-2. OFFSET ADJUSTMENT (ADJUSTMENT OF
SAWTOOTH WAVE LEVEL ON DCO-2)
1) Turn on the unit, then the unit will be initialized in
the PI (Preset l)mode.
2) Set the unit to Edit mode and set the parameters as
follows.
Parameter
Button Function Display Data
6OSC-1 LEVEL 0
7FREQ RANGE 16
8DETUNE 50
9WAVE 1
10 CROSS MOD 0
11 EG DEPTH 50
13 OSC-2 LEVEL 99
14 CUT OFF FREQ 99
15 RESONANCE 0
16 EG DEPTH 50
17 KEY FOLLOW 0
18 KEY VELOCITY 0
19 HPF 0
24 LFO SELECT 2
33 LFO 0
30 EG SELECT 1
25 ATTACK 0
26 DECAY 0
27 SUSTAIN 99
28 RELEASE 0
31 KEY VELOCITY 0
32 LEVEL 99
SERVICE MANUAL AX80
11

3)Turn off the Memory Protect SW.
4) Save the above parameters to one of Memory Bank
(e.g. Bl) and turn ON the Memory Protect SW.
5) Select any Memory Bank or Preset. Do not touch
any keys.
6) Select the Memory Bank again where the above par-
ameters are saved (e.g. Bl).
7) Connect the oscilloscope probe to IC 101 Pin 1.
8) Set the oscilloscope range so that the waveform can
be seen clearly.
9) Press one-octave lower Ckey (C5) from the highest
Ckey (C6) as the 1st key to press.
10) Check peak-to-peak voltage of the waveform.
2V Ei
....
V
\\
\VS£TI
>\N
\\\If
\VJl
^1
Fig. 7-2 Output waveform when C5 is depressed.
11) Connect the oscilloscope probe to Pin 1of the fol-
lowing ICs and read peak-to-peak voltages.
Key No. ICNo.
2nd key D5 IC201
3rd key E5 IC301
4th key F5 IC401
5th key G5 IC501
6th key A5 IC601
7th key B5 IC701
8th key C6 IC801
*Key numbers are indicated as the FREQ RANGE at
"16" setting (See Fig. 4-1).
'PICAU
Fig. 7-3 Output waveform when C6 is depressed.
12) Determine the average peak-to-peak voltage (i.e.
lOVp-p) from above readings.
13) Connect the oscilloscope probe to IC101 Pin 1.
14) Press the lowest Ckey (CI) and read peak-to-peak
voltage, then change the connection to IC201 pin 1,
press the next higher key (Dl) and read Peak to Peak
voltage in the same manner as the item 11) above.
15) Find the lowest Peak-to-peak voltage and adjust by
turning VR1 to that so that this lowest peak-to-peak
voltage on this particular voice will be the same as
the average peak-to-peak voltage from the item 12.
Fig. 7-4 Output waveform of lowest Peak-to-Peak voltage
16) If you can not go back to this voice number, simply
switch to the other Memory Bank then back to the
same bank as the item 6(e.g. Bl).
17) Press the lowest Ckey (CI) as the 1st key then next
higher key until you get the voice you want.
18) Adjust VR1 as same manner as the item 15.
12
SERVICE MANUAL AX80

7-3. ADJUSTMENT OF SAWTOOTH WAVE LEVEL
1) Turn the power off and on again.
Do not touch any keys on the keyboard.
2) Select the Memory Bank (e.g. Bl) used for the previous
adjustment.
3) Set the unit to Edit mode and set the parameters as
follows.
Parameter Button Function Display Date
1FREQ RANGE 16
2WAVE 2
3PW 0
4PWM 0
5SUBOSC 0
6OSC-1 LEVEL 99
13 OSC-2 LEVEL 0
24 LFO SELECT 1
20 LFO 0
4) Connect the oscilloscope probe to the Test Point C38(TP)
and TP-IO(GND).
5) Press the key from C1to C2 one by one and adjust by turning
VR102 to VR802 for required Voice No.(refer to the table
below),so that the duty cycle of the square waveform is 50%.
VOICE No. VR No *Key No
1102 CI (Lowest)
2202 Dl
3302 El
4402 Fl
5502 Gl
6602 Al
7702 Bl
8802 C2
*Key numbers are indicated as the FREQ RANGE at
"16" setting (See Fig. 4-1)
500mV >2mS WSOOmV ~=>2mS
Fig. 7-5 (a)
Square waveform
Fig. 7-5 (b)

7-4. RESONANCE FREQUENCY ADJUSTMENT
Please refer to the Item 5-1 prior to this adjustment.
1) Turn the power off and on again to initialize the uni-
t(in the PI mode). Do not touch any keys on the key-
board.
2) Then set the unit to Edit mode and set the parameters
as follows.
Parameter Button Function Display Data
6OSC-1 LEVEL 0
13 OSC-2 LEVEL 0
14 CUT OFF FREQ 50
15 RESONANCE 99
16 EG DEPTH 50
17 KEY FOLLOW 0
18 KEY VELOCITY 0
19 HPF 0
25 ATTACK 0
26 DECAY 0
27 SUSTAIN 99
28 RELEASE 0
29 KEY FOLLOW 0
31 KEY VELOCITY 0
32 LEVEL 99
3) Connect the tuner (e.g. KORG MODEL AT- 12) to
the output jack with aconnection cable (or Connect
the frequency counter to TP-9 (HOT) and TP- 10
(GND)).
4) Press the lowest key (C2) and adjust by turning VR101
for Voice 1to get the reading of A3 #on the tuner (for
the frequency counter,reading will be 233Hz).
5) Adjust the other voices in the same manner. Refer to
the table below.
Key No. VR No. Reading Voice No.
D2 201 A3# or233Hz 2
E2 301 A3 #or zJiriz 5
F2 401 A3# or233Hz 4
G2 501 A3# or 233Hz 5
A2 601 A3# or 233Hz 6
B2 701 A3# or 233Hz 7
C3 801 A3 #or 233Hz 8
*Key number are indicated as the FREQ RANGE "8"
setting (See Fig. 4-1)
6) Go back to the 1st Vioce (Press the lowest Key:C2) to
check drift of the frequency and readjust if nessessory,
then check next VOICE No. up to the Voice No.8 as
the same manner as the item 5.
7-5. LOADING A+BBANK DATA AND
CONFIRMATION.
1)Turn off the Memory protect SW.
2) Load and verify A&Bbank data.
3) Turn on the Memory Protect SW.
4) Press all the keys of the keyboard one by one to make
sure all the keys are functioning with one of the Preset
Sound (e. g. PI)
5) Press one of the key of the keyboard and check all the
Preset, Aand BBank Sounds (i.e. P1-P32, A1-A32
and B1-B32) to make sure there will be proper sound-
ing output.
VIII. PC BOARD TITLES &IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS
PC Boaod Title PC Board Number
VOICE PC BOARD L1003A5010
CPU PC BOARD L1003A5020
FLD(l) PC BOARD L1003A512A
OPERATIONS) PC BOARD L1003A512B
JACK PC BOARD L1003A512C
FLD(2) PC BOARD L1003A513A
OPERATION(l) PC BOARD L1003A513B
OPERATIONS) PC BOARD L1003A513C
POWER SUPPLY PC BOARD L1003C5090
FILTER PC BOARD L1003D5140
MUTING PC BOARD L1003D5150
SERVICE MANUAL AX80
14

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SECTION 2
PARTS LIST
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS 21
1. PC BOARD BLOCK 22
2. VOICE PC BOARD 22
3. CPU PC BOARD 23
4. FLD (2) PC BOARD 23
5. FLD (1) PC BOARD 23
6. OPERATION (1) PC BOARD 23
7. OPERATION (2) PC BOARD 23
8. OPERATION (3) PC BOARD 23
9. JACK PC BOARD 23
10. POWER SUPPLY PC BOARD 24
11. FILTER PC BOARD 24
12. MUTING PC BOARD 24
13. PANEL BEND BLOCK 25
14. ASSEMBLY BLOCK 27
15. FINAL ASSEMBLY BLOCK 27
INDEX 28
This Manual is FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY and must not be made
available to unauthorized personal. No part ofthis manual may be re-
produced in any form without permission from AKAI-ELECTRIC CO.,
LTD., Tokyo, Japan.
PARTS LIST AX80
19