Allen-Bradley 1756-L7 Series User manual

Using ControlLogix in SIL 2 Applications
Catalog Numbers 1756-L6x, 1756-L7x
Safety Reference Manual
Allen-Bradley Motors

Important User Information
Solid-state equipment has operational characteristics differing from those of electromechanical equipment. Safety
Guidelines for the Application, Installation and Maintenance of Solid State Controls (publication SGI-1.1 available from
your local Rockwell Automation® sales office or online at http://www.rockwellautomation.com/literature/) describes some
important differences between solid-state equipment and hard-wired electromechanical devices. Because of this difference,
and also because of the wide variety of uses for solid-state equipment, all persons responsible for applying this equipment
must satisfy themselves that each intended application of this equipment is acceptable.
In no event will Rockwell Automation, Inc. be responsible or liable for indirect or consequential damages resulting from the
use or application of this equipment.
The examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for illustrative purposes. Because of the many variables and
requirements associated with any particular installation, Rockwell Automation, Inc. cannot assume responsibility or
liability for actual use based on the examples and diagrams.
No patent liability is assumed by Rockwell Automation, Inc. with respect to use of information, circuits, equipment, or
software described in this manual.
Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without written permission of Rockwell Automation,
Inc., is prohibited.
Throughout this manual, when necessary, we use notes to make you aware of safety considerations.
Allen-Bradley, Rockwell Software, Rockwell Automation, TechConnect, ControlLogix, ControlLogix-XT, GuardLogix, FLEX, RSLogix, Logix5000, RSNetWorx, FactoryTalk, Data Highway Plus, and SynchLink are
trademarks of Rockwell Automation, Inc.
Trademarks not belonging to Rockwell Automation are property of their respective companies.
WARNING: Identifies information aboutpractices or circumstances that can cause an explosion in a hazardous environment,
which may lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss.
ATTENTION: Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can lead to personal injury or death, property
damage, or economic loss. Attentions help you identify a hazard, avoid a hazard,and recognize the consequence.
SHOCK HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive or motor, to alert people that dangerous
voltage may be present.
BURN HAZARD: Labels may be on or inside the equipment, for example, a drive ormotor, to alert people that surfaces may
reach dangerous temperatures.
IMPORTANT
Identifies informationthat is criticalfor successfulapplication and understanding of the product.

Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012 3
Summary of Changes
This manual has been extensively revised since the previous revision, including
updates to terminology and organization. Throughout this manual revision
change bars, as shown to the right of this paragraph, mark changes.
New and Updated
Information
This table lists the major changes made with this revision.
Change Page
All references to Probability of Failure per Hour (PFH) have been removed —
Information from FLEX I/O System With ControlLogix for SIL 2 Reference Manual,
publication 1794-RM001 has been added to this publication —
Added to and updated the list of terms 9
For EN 50156, added a reference to the GuardLogix™ Controller Systems Safety
Reference Manual 14
Updated Figure 2 Typical ControlLogix SIL 2 Systems 14
Added EtherNet/IP system configuration examples 16
Added Figure 5 Fail-safe ControlLogix Configuration with FLEX I/O Modules 17
Moved self-test information from an appendix to Chapter 1 20
For a detailed listing of product certifications, go to our website at
http://www.rockwellautomation.com/products/certification —
Combined the controller chapter with the chassis and power supplies chapter Chapter 3
Moved information on operating modes and keyswitch positions to the controller
chapter 31
Updated information on ControlLogix®power supplies 33…34
Added more information on verifying the correct reception of data 38
Combined the chapters on general requirements for software applications and
requirements for application development into one chapter and placed it ahead of the
chapter on faults
Chapter 7
Added a chapter on wiring FLEX™ I/O modules Chapter 8
Structured text and sequential function chart are not recommended for safety-related
functions 78
Updated information on security, including information on read-only and constant
value tags 79
Updated and consolidated information on forcing 82
Updated and consolidated information on validation 83
Moved module fault reporting information to the chapter on faults Chapter 8
Created a section on detecting and reacting to faults to consolidate information from
other chapters 87
Updated information on using the analog input module’s high alarm bit 89
Updated information on reading parameters via an HMI 91
Added information on the restrictions and requirements for changing parameters via
an HMI 92
Updated reaction time example calculations Appendix A
Updated and moved the list of SIL 2 certified components
This list now includes FLEX I/O modules
Appendix B
Allen-Bradley Motors

4Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012
Summary of Changes
Updated publication links in the components appendix Appendix B
Updated Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD) calculations, including data for 1794
FLEX I/O modules, are now in the appendix. Appendix C
All checklists are now in an appendix Appendix D
Change Page

Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012 5
Table of Contents
Preface
Terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Chapter 1
SIL Policy
Introduction to Safety Integrity Level (SIL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Programming and Debugging Tool (PADT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
About the ControlLogix System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Gas and Fire Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Boiler and Combustion Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SIL Compliance Distribution and Weight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Typical SIL 2 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Simplex Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Duplex Logic Solver Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Duplex (fault-tolerant) System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Proof Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Proof Testing with Redundancy Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Reaction Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Reaction Times in Redundancy Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Safety Watchdog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Safety Certifications and Compliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Chapter 2
Features of the ControlLogix SIL 2
System
Module Fault Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Data Echo Communication Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Pulse Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Communication Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
ControlNet Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
EtherNet/IP Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Electronic Keying of Modules in SIL 2 Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Chapter 3
ControlLogixControllers,Chassis,and
Power Supplies
ControlLogix Controllers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Requirements for Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
ControlLogix Chassis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
ControlLogix Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Redundant Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Recommendations for Using Power Supplies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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6Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012
Table of Contents
Chapter 4
ControlLogix Communication
Modules
Introduction to Communication Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
ControlNet Modules and Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
ControlNet Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
ControlNet Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
ControlNet Module Diagnostic Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
EtherNet/IP Communication Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
DeviceNet Scanner Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Data Highway Plus - Remote I/O Module (1756-DHRIO). . . . . . . . . . 37
SynchLink Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
General Requirements for Communication Networks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Peer-to-Peer Communication Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Chapter 5
ControlLogix I/O Modules
Overview of ControlLogix I/O Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Using 1756 Digital Input Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Requirements When Using Any ControlLogix Digital Input
Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Wiring ControlLogix Digital Input Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Using 1756 Digital Output Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Requirements When Using ControlLogix Digital Output
Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Wiring ControlLogix Digital Output Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Using Analog Input Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Conduct Proof Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Calibrate Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Use the Floating Point Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Program to Respond to Faults Appropriately. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Program to Compare Analog Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Configure Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Specify the Same Controller as the Owner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Wiring ControlLogix Analog Input Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Using HART Analog Input Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Wiring the HART Analog Input Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Using Analog Output Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Considerations for Using Analog Output Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Wiring ControlLogix Analog Output Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Using HART Analog Output Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Wiring the HART Analog Output Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Chapter 6
FLEX I/O Modules
Overview of FLEX I/O Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Using 1794 Digital Input Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Requirements When Using FLEX I/O Digital Input Modules . . . 61
Wiring FLEX I/O Digital Input Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012 7
Table of Contents
Using FLEX I/O Digital Output Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Requirements When Using FLEX I/O Digital Output Modules. . 63
Wiring FLEX I/O Digital Output Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Using Analog Input Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Requirements When Using FLEX I/O Analog Input Modules . . . 65
Wiring FLEX I/O Analog Input Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Using Analog Output Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Requirements When Using FLEX I/O Analog Output Modules . 72
Wiring FLEX I/O Analog Output Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Chapter 7
Requirements for Application
Development
Software for SIL 2-Related Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
SIL 2 Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Programming Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Programming Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Basics of Application Program Development and Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Functional Specification Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Sensors (digital or analog) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Actuators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Creating the Application Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Logic and Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Program Language. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Program Identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
SIL Task/Program Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Forcing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Checking the Application Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Verify Download and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Commissioning Life Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Changing Your Application Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Chapter 8
Faults in the ControlLogix System
Detecting and Reacting to Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Module Fault Reporting for Any ControlLogix or FLEX I/O
Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Checking Keyswitch Position with GSV Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Examining an 1756 Analog Input Module’s High Alarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Chapter 9
Use of Human-to-Machine Interfaces
Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Accessing Safety-related Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Reading Parameters in Safety-related Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Changing Safety-related Parameters in SIL-rated Systems . . . . . . . . 92
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8Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012
Table of Contents
Appendix A
Reaction Times of the ControlLogix
System
Local Chassis Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Remote Chassis Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Calculating Worst-case Reaction Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
For Digital Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
For Analog Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Appendix B
SIL 2-certified ControlLogix System
Components
Appendix C
PFD Calculations for a SIL 2 System
About Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD) Calculations. . . . . . . 107
About the Calculations in This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Determine Which PFD Values To Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
1-Year PFD Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
2-Year PFD Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
5-year PFD Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Using Component Values To Calculate System PFD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Example: 1-year PFD Calculation for a ControlLogix System . . . 119
Appendix D
Checklists
Checklist for the ControlLogix System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Checklist for SIL Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Checklist for SIL Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Checklist for the Creation of an Application Program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Index

Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012 9
Preface
This safety reference manual is intended to do the following:
•Describe the ControlLogix Control System components available from
Rockwell Automation that are suitable for use in low-demand,
safety-related control, up to and including SIL 2 applications
•Provide safety-related information specific to the use of ControlLogix
modules in SIL 2 systems - including PFD calculations that need to be
considered for SIL 2-certified systems
•Explain some possible SIL 2-certified system configurations
•Describe basic programming techniques for the implementation of
ControlLogix SIL 2-certified systems with references and links to
more-detailed programming and implementation techniques
Terminology This table defines abbreviations used in this manual.
IMPORTANT
This manual describes typical SIL 2 implementations using certified
ControlLogix equipment. Keep in mind that the descriptions presented in this
manual do not preclude other methodsof implementing a SIL 2-compliant
system by using ControlLogix equipment.
Other methods should be reviewed and approved by a recognized certifying
body, such as TÜV Rheinland Group.
Table 1 - Abbreviations Used throughout This Reference Manual
Abbreviation Full Term Definition
CIP Common Industrial
Protocol A industrial communication protocol used by Logix5000™-based automation systems on Ethernet, ControlNet, and Devicenet
communication networks.
CL Claim Limit The maximumlevel that can be achieved.
DC Diagnostic Coverage The ratio of the detected failure rate to the total failure rate.
EN European Norm. The official European Standard.
GSV Get System Value A ladder logic instruction that retrieves specified controller
information and places it in a destination tag.
MTBF Mean Time Between
Failures Average time between failure occurrences.
MTTR Mean Time to Restoration Average time needed to restore normal operation after a failure has
occurred.
PADT Programming and
Debugging Tool RSLogix™5000software isused toprogram and debuga SIL 2-certified ControlLogix application.
PC Personal Computer Computer used to interface with, and control, a ControlLogix system
via RSLogix 5000 programming software.
PFD Probability of Failure on
Demand The average probability of a system to fail toperform its design function on demand.
PFH Probability of Failure per
Hour The probability of a system to have a dangerous failure occur per hour.
SIL Safety Integrity Level A discrete level for specifying the safety integrity requirements of the
safety functions allocated to the electrical/electronic/ programmable
electronic (E/E/PE) part of the safety system.
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10 Rockwell Automation Publication 1756-RM001I-EN-P - May 2012
Preface
Additional Resources These resources contain more information related to the ControlLogix system.
In addition to the manuals listed, you may want to reference installation
instructions listed in Appendix B.
You can view or download publications at
http:/www.rockwellautomation.com/literature/. To order paper copies of
technical documentation, contact your local Allen-Bradley® distributor or
Rockwell Automation sales representative.
Resource Description
ControlLogix SIL 2 System Configuration Using RSLogix
5000 Subroutines, publication 1756-AT010 Explains how to configure a SIL 2-certified system by
using subroutines provided by Rockwell Automation.
ControlLogix SIL 2 System Configuration Using RSLogix
5000 Subroutines, publication 1756-AT012 Explains how to configure a SIL 2-certified system by using Add-On Instructions provided by Rockwell
Automation.
Logix5000 Controllers General Instruction Set Reference
Manual, publication 1756-RM003 Contains descriptions and use considerations of general instructions available for Logix5000 controllers.
ControlLogix System User Manual, publication
1756-UM001 Explains how to use the ControlLogix controllers.
ControlLogix Standard Redundancy System User Manual,
publication 1756-UM523 Explains how to install, configure, and use a standard redundancy system.
ControlLogix Enhanced Redundancy System User Manual,
publication 1756-UM535 Explains how to install, configure, and use an enhanced
redundancy system.
ControlLogix Digital I/O User Manual, publication
1756-UM058 Providesinformationabout the useofControlLogixdigital I/O modules.
ControlLogix Analog I/O Modules User Manual,
publication 1756-UM009 Provides information about the use of ControlLogix analog I/O modules.
Logix5000 Controllers Execution Time and Memory Use
Reference, publication 1756-RM087 Provides estimated execution times that can be used in
worst-case scenario calculations.
Logix5000 Controllers Common Procedures Programming
Manual, publication 1756-PM001 Explains a variety of programming-related topics.
Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines,
publication 1770-4.1 Provides general guidelines for installing a Rockwell Automation industrial system.
Product Certifications website, http://www.ab.com Providesdeclarationsofconformity,certificates,andother
certification details.