Alpha Micro AM-210 User manual

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TECHNICAL MANUAL
FOR
AM-21 0
FLOPPY DISK CONTROLLER
CIRCUIT BOARD
Manufactured By
ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS
178B1 SKY PARK NORTH
IRVINE, CALIFORNIA 8271 4

FIRST EDITION
AUGUST 8,1979
REVISIONS INCORPORATED:
EDITION I
DATE
ADI
8/11/80
PROPRIETARY NOTICE
This document and the Information herein disclosed Is the proprietaryprop-
erty of ALPHA MICRO, 17881 Sky Park North, Irvine, California 92714. Any
person
or entity to whom this document is furnished or having possession
thereof, by acceptance, assumes custody thereof and agrees that the doc-
ument Is given in confidence and will not be copied or reproduced in whole
or In part. nor used or revealed to any person In any mannerexcept to meet
the purposes for which It was delivered. Additional rights and obligations
regarding this document and Its contents may be defined by a separate
written
agreement with ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS, and If SO, such separate
written agreement shall be controlling.

USER COMMENTS
TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS FILE REFERENCE
FROM:
NAME
NOTE: Use this form to communicate any errors,
ADDRESS
suggested changes, or general comments
about this document.
If necessary, ca II us at:
CITY
[phone]
STATE
ZIF-
DOCUMENT:
TITLE/NUMBER/REVISION_------------------------
COMMENTS:
,
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FOLD, STAPLE & MAIL
ZZ F .a0002'() 1

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ATTN: EDUCATIONAL SERVICES DIVISION
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Paragraph
1.0
1.1
1.2
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2. 1
2.2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2.3" 7
2 •
.3.8
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3 .. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SECTION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
. .. ..
1-1
Introduction • .. • . . . .
Circuit Board Description
Application • . • • .. .. .
. . . . . . 1- 1
• • . • . . 1- 1
SECTION 2 OPERATING DATA
Introduction . . . . .. . .. . .. .
Capabilities and Specifications
. . . .
2-1
Interface Description and Wiring • ..
S-100 Bus Inter ce .........
Floppy Drive Interface •.
User Options . • . . . .
• 2-1
2-1
• 2-1
· 2-6
• 2-9
Bootstrap Header Option
I/O Port Address . • • . . . . . . . . . • .
2-9
• • .. •• • 2- 9
2-9
Master Clock Frequency Option
Vectored Interrupt Option
. . . . . .
.. 2-9
Seek Complete Interface Line Option .. 2-10
Software Control Step Rate Option .•. 2-10
Data Separator Timing Opt~~n .• . .... 2-10
Write Pre-Compensation Options .. • . 2-11
SECTION 3 PROGRAMMING
In t roduct ion • ..
Addressing ....
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
External Control Registers .
Random Access Memory
Diskette Formatting
i
. ..
. . . .
. . . .
.. • 3- 1
. • 3-1
.. 3-1
• .. 3- 6
• 3- 7

, , 'J ,~
3.5
3.6
4.0
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.1.4
4.1.5
4.1.6
4.1.7
4. 1. 8
4.1.9
4.1.10
4.1.11
4 .. 2
4.2 .. 1
4.2.1.2
4.2.1.3
4.2.1.4
4.2.1.5
4.2.1.6
4.2.1.7
4.2.1.8
4,,2.1.9
4.2.1.10
4.2.1.11
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
SECTION 3 PROGRAMMING (Continued)
Interrupts • .. • .. .
Bootstrap PROM. .. •..
• • 3- 7
3- 8
SECTION 4 FUNCTIONAL THUORY OF OPERATION
.. .. 4 - 1
In t roduct ion .. . . ..
Circuit Board Operation
Data Out Port . . •
.. • .. .. 4- 1
Da ta In Port . . .. . .
Bootstrap Circuitry~
I/O Address Circuitry
Command Generator
RAM and Control Circuitry
ternal Status and Control Registers
Data-Clock Separator . .. .. .. • .. . • ..
Write Pre-Compensation .
PRDY Control Logic ~ . ..
.. 4-18
.. . 4-18
.. .. 4- 18
.. .. .. 4- 19
.. 4 -19
.. • 4- 19
.. .. .. 4- 20
. 4-20
.. 4-22
.. 4-22
DRQ Processor .... .. .. . .. .. .. . 4-23
Circuit Module Description ............ 4-25
Floppy Disk Formatter/Controller Description
CUI) .. .. • .. • • .. • .. • • .. .. .. 4-25
Organization.. . .. .. . . ...... 4-30
Processor Interface .............. 4-33
Floppy Disk Interface .................... 4-34
Head Positioning.. .. .. • • ... .. ....... 4-35
Disk Read Operations .... .. ............ 4-37
Disk Write Operation ........
Command Description
Type I Cornman ds
Type I I Commands, .. ..
Type III Commands
ii
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . .. ...
. . . . . . . . .
.. 4- 38
. 4- 39
.. 4-40
.. 4- 46
4-51

~-.)
0
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
SECTION 4 FUNCTIONAL THEORY OF OPERATION (Continued)
4.2.1.12
4 .. 2.1.13
4.2.1.14
4.2.1.15
4.2.1.16
4.2.1.17
4.2.1.18
4.2.2
4,.2. 3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.2. 7
4.2.B
4•2 .. 9
4.2. 10
4.2.11
4.2.12
4.2.13
4.2.14
4.2.15
4.2.16
4.2.17
4.2.18
4.2.19
4.2.20
4.2.21
4.2.22
Type IV Commands . . ..
. . . . . . . .
4-54
Status Description . . • .. . •... 4-54
Formatting the Disk . .... . ........ 4-56
IBM 3740 Fa rm at - 12 8 By t es / Sec tor . .... 4- 58
IBM System 34 Format -256 Bytes/Sector ... 4-58
Non IBM Formats .... ......... .. 4-59
Timing Characteristics ...... ..
1024 x 4 Bit Static RAM (U30, U31) ...
BK Erasable PROM (U21) .. .. .. .. • .. • ..
...... 4-60
.. 4-63
..... 4-66
BCD/Decimal Decoder/Driver (U13) ..
Tri-State Buffers (U16) ......
.. .. .. .. .. 4- 68
4-69
Bus Comparator (U25, U26) . . . . . .
4- 70
D Positive-Edge-Triggered Flip-Flops with
Preset and Clear (U12) .................. 4-71
Tri - State Oct al Buffers (U36) ........ .. I" .. 4- 71
Tri-State Buffers (U39)
Dual J-K Negative-Edge Triggered Flip-Flops
With Preset (UB) .. • .. .. ... .. ....
Dual Retriggerable One-Shots with Clear
(U14, UIS) ...................... ..
Decoder (U29) . . .
.". . . . . . . . .
Data Selector/Multiplexer (U17) . . . . .
.. 4- 72
4-72
• 4- 73
.. 4- 74
.. 4- 75
• 4- 76
TriMState Inverter Buffer (U33, U40) •
Tri-State Octal Buffer (U41) .......
• .. 4- 76
Four-Bit Binary Ripple Counter (U23). .. 4-77
Voltage Controlled Oscillator (U12) ........ 4-78
Tri-State D Flip-Flops (U43) ........... 4-79
Dual 4-Bit Binary Counter (U9, U20) ........ 4-80
Logic Delay Module (U6) ................ 4-81
Programmable Read Only Memory' (U19) .. 4-82
Octal D-Type Flip-Flop With Clear (U34~ U35) 4-83
iii

5.0
5. 1
5. 2
5 • .3
5• 3. 1
5.3.2
5.3.2.1
5.3.2.2
5.3.2.3
5 • .3.2.4
5.3.2.5
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
SECTION 5 MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
Introduction . . . . . .
Circuit Board Checkout.
Warranty Procedures . . .
Troubleshooting Procedures .
Operational Test ...
. 5-1
.. 5- 1
5-2
5-2
5-2
Diagnostic Procedures ... ...• 5-3
Ini tial Register Check eDDTST) . . • .. 5- 4
Floppy Controller Chip Test (1791T) .•.. 5-6
Floppy Drive Seek Test and Data Separator
Calibration (SEEK) • • . • . • . • . 5-7
Floppy Interface Drive Test (FTST) . • • 5- 11
Evaluation Procedure ..
. . . . . . . . .
5-16
SECTION 6 SCHEMATIC AND PARTS LIST
iv

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
Page
1-1 AM-2l0 Floppy Disk Controller Simplified
Block Diagram .....•.••••••..•. 1-3
4-1 AM-210 Floppy Disk Controller Functional Block
4-2
4-3
4-4
Diagram ..•. ~ • • •• .•• . . 4-3
Data Separator Timing • • • • • • • • • •
PRDY Control Logic Timing •• • •••
Floppy Disk Formatter/Controller Pin Connec-
tions . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. . . . .
· 4- 21
• 4-23
· 4-25
4-5 Floppy Disk Formatter/Controller Module Block
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-10
Diagram • • . . . . • . . • .
4-31
Type I Command Flow • . • . .
Type II Command Flow •.••
Type III Command Write Track
. . . ...
· 4-41
• 4-47
· 4-53
IBM Track Format
Read Enable Timing
. . . . . . . .
. . . . • • • • • • 4- 57
. . . . . . • •
•. 4- 60
4-11 Write Enable Timing. .• . ••.••••• 4-61
4-12 Input Data Timing. . . •• • ••• 4-62
4-13 Miscellaneous Timing . • • • • • •• • 4-62
4-14
Static RAM Connections ..•.•••.•. 4-63
4-15
RAM Read and Write Timing • • • •• • ••• 4-64
4-16 8K UV Erasable PROM Connections ••••••. ~ 4-66
4-17 8K UV Erasable PROM Timing •••••••..• 4-66
4-18 Decoder/Driver Logic and Connections ••••• 4-68
4-19 Trl-State Buffer Connections ••• 4-69
4-20 Bus Comparator Connections ••..•••••• 4-70
4-21 D Flip-Flop Connections • • • . • • • • • • 4-71
4-22
4-23
4-24
Tri-State Octal Buffer Connections.
Tri-State Buffer Connections ••••
J-K Flip-Flop Connections .••••
v
4-71
· 4- 72
4-72