Amersham Pharmacia Biotech EPS 601 User manual

Electrophoresis Power Supply
EPS 601
User Manual
Manuel d’Utilization
Bedienungsanleitung
Manual del usuario
Manuale dell’operatore
18-1130-19
Edition AB
18-1130-19 AA EPS 601 omslag 99-02-09 14.10 Sidan 1

Program
HV on
Electrophoresis Power Supply - EPS 601
STOP
run exit enter
more set
pause
continue
Voltage 100-120/220-240 VAC
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Power 140 W 2.5AMax
100-120 220-240
MAINS
Disconnect before servicing
I
0
Fig. 1. The front panel of the EPS 601.
Figure 1. Le panneau avant de l’EPS 601.
Abb. 1. Die Fronttafel des EPS 601.
Figura 1. Panel frontal de la EPS 601.
Figura 1. Pannello anteriore dell’EPS 601.
Fig. 2. The rear panel of the EPS 601.
Figure 2. Le panneau arrière de l’EPS 601.
Abb. 2. Die Rückwand des EPS 601.
Figura 2. Panel posterior de la EPS 601.
Figura 2. Pannello posteriore dell’EPS 601.
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1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 Safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 In-built safety features . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Unpacking and installation. . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Technical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1 Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1.1 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1.2 Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1.3 Output sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.2 Rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2 Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.3 Running a program . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.4 Optional programming . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.5 Choosing run parameters. . . . . . . . 10
5.6 Short instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6. Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
7. Trouble shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8. Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
9. Ordering information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Contents
EPS 601 - User Manual
Please read this entire manual to
fully understand the safe use of
EPS 601
WARNING!
The Warning sign
highlights an instruction
that must be strictly
followed in order to
avoid personal injury. Be sure not to
proceeed until the instructions are
clearly understood and all stated
conditions are met.
Declaration of conformity
Safety Standards
This product complies with the
requirement of the Low Voltage
Directive (LVD) 73/23/EEC through
the harmonized standard EN 61010-
1, 1993+ A1, 1992.
Important user information
EMC Standards
This product complies with the
requirement of the EMC Directive
89/336/EEC through the harmonized
standards EN 50081-1 (emission)
and EN 50082-1 (immunity).
The CE symbol, and corresponding
declaration of conformity, is valid
for the instrument when it is.
– used as a “stand alone” unit or
– connected to other CE marked
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech
instruments, or
– connected to other products
recommended or described in
this manual and
– is used in the same state as it was
delivered from Amersham
Pharmacia Biotech except for
alterations described in this
manual.
Terms and Conditions of Sale
All goods and services are sold
subject to the terms and conditions
of sale of the company within the
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech group
which supplies them. A copy of these
terms and conditions is available on
request.
Should you have any comments on
this product, we will be pleased to
receive them at:
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Inc.
654 Minnesota Street
San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
Trademarks
Amersham is a trademark of
Nycomed Amersham plc.
Pharmacia and Drop Design are
trademarks of Pharmacia & Upjohn
Inc.
© Copyright 1998 Amersham
Pharmacia Biotech AB - All rights
reserved
Office Addresses
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB
SE-751 84 Uppsala
Sweden
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech UK
Limited
Amersham Place Little Chalfont
Buckinghamshire
England HP7 9NA
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Inc.
800 Centennial Avenue
P.O. Box 1327
Piscataway N.J. 08855-1327
USA
!
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EPS 601 - User Manual
1. Introduction
The Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Electrophoresis Power Supply EPS 601 is a high quality, high
precision and safe power supply for electrophoresis applications that require a maximum of 600 volts
and 400 mA.
EPS 601 is primarily designed for the following techniques:
1. SDS-PAGE (Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis)
2. Native PAGE
3. Agarose electrophoresis
4. Electroblotting
5. DNA pulsed field electrophoresis
6. DNA fragment separation
7. DNA submarine electrophoresis
Electrophoresis separations can be controlled by voltage, current or power. The EPS 601 automatically
switches over the controlling parameter according to programmed limits and conductivity variations in
the system.
Two electrophoresis units can be connected to the EPS 601 and run with the same programmed method
at one time. Three programs can be saved.
2. Safety information
2.1 Safety precaucions
Extreme caution should be exercised in the operation of this instrument as it can develop sufficient
voltage and current to produce a lethal shock.
To avoid any risk of injury, the instrument should only be operated by properly trained personnel and
always in accordance with the instructions provided.
Read this entire manual before using this power supply.
1. This instrument is designed for indoor use only.
2. The instrument must always be used with the protective earth lead of the power cord correctly
grounded to earth at the mains outlet.
3. To permit sufficient cooling, ensure that the vents in the rear and sides of the instrument are not
covered.
4. Do not operate the instrument in extreme humidity (above 95%). Avoid condensation by letting the
unit equilibrate to ambient temperature when taking the power supply from a colder to a warmer
environment.
5. Keep the instrument as dry and clean as possible. Wipe regularly with a soft damp cloth. Let the
power supply dry completely before use. If wetted, unplug the power supply until the instrument is
dry.
6. Use only undamaged electrical wire and equipment specified for the voltages you will use. High
voltages wires must meet the requirements of the IEC 1010-2-031:1993 electrical standard. Any
electrophoresis equipment connected to the power supply should meet the requirements of the IEC
1010-1:1993 electrical standard.
7. Note that the output is connected to the chassis/reference earth.
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EPS 601 - User Manual
2.2 Built-in safety features
The EPS 601 has been tested and complies with the IEC 61010-1 (EN 61010-1) electrical safety
standard. The power supply also has several built-in safety functions. Error messages are also shown on
the display (see 7. Trouble shooting):
1. Functional earth leakage.
Should the power supply be connected to an electrophoresis unit that has a leakage path to earth, the
EPS 601 will detect this fault and the high voltage is turned off.
2. Start current check.
To ensure that an electrophoresis unit is connected correctly, the power supply checks that the resistance
is not higher than a specified limit at a low safety voltage (<40V). If this resistance is too high, the
voltage is turned off. Too high a resistance can also be caused by using buffers with extremely low
conductivity. The high voltage is also turned off in this case and an error message is shown. This
function can be disabled to perform certain applications (see 5.4 Optional programming).
3. Sudden load change detection.
This function prevents accidents under running conditions due to a break in the electrical circuit such as
a bad connection to the electrophoresis unit. The high voltage is turned off in such an event.
Error messages for sudden fails are also shown on the display.
3. Unpacking and installation
Unpacking
Check the contents against the packing list supplied. Inspect for any damage that may have occurred
during transit. Report any damage immediately to your local Amersham Pharmacia Biotech
representative and to the transport company concerned.
Mains connection
Select the appropriate voltage range, 100-120 or 220-240 V. See Fig. 2 inside front cover.
Warning! If the power supply is connected to 220-240 V with the range set to 100-120 V, the
instrument can be severely damaged.
Select the appropriate mains cable and connect one end to the mains socket on the EPS 601 power
supply (see Fig. 2, inside front cover) and the other end to an AC grounded outlet.
Connection of the electrophoresis unit(s)
Connect the leads from the electrophoresis unit (red to red, and black or blue to blue), see Fig. 1 inside
front cover. The red lead is the positive and black or blue is the negative.
Warning! Use only undamaged electrical wire and equipment approved for the voltage you will use.
Two electrophoresis units can be run simultaneously with the same program. Please remember to
double the limiting current and power if two electrophoresis units are run at the same time. The
voltage will be the same regardless of the number of units.
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Local regulation for Great Britain
WARNING IMPORTANT
This appliance must be earthed.
The wires in the mains lead are coloured in accordance with the following code:
Green and yellow Earth
Blue Neutral
Brown Live
If the plug provided is unsuitable for socket outlets, the plug must be cut off and suitable plug fitted.
The cut-off plug should be disposed of and must not be inserted into any 13 amp socket as this can
result in electric shock. The plug or adapter or the distribution panel should be provided with 13
amps fuse. As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this appliance may not correspond with
coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:
The green and yellow wire must be connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked with the
letter E or by the earth symbol, or coloured green, or green and yellow.
The blue wire must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured black.
The brown wire must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured red.
NOTE: After replacing or changing a fuse, the fuse cover in the plug must be replaced with a fuse
cover which corresponds to the colour of the insert in the base of the plug or the word that is
embossed on the base of the plug, and the appliance must not be used without a fuse cover. Only 13
Amps fuse approved to B.S. 1362 A.S.T.A. should be used.
Switch on the power. Each time the instrument is turned on a self diagnostic test is done. If an error is
detected during the test a message will appear on the display and an alarm will sound.
4. Technical description
4.1 Front panel
The front panel consists of an alphanumeric display, a keyboard with 9 membrane keys, a light emitting
diode (LED) that lights when voltage is applied (HV on) and connectors for two electrophoresis units.
4.1.1 Display
A 32 digit alphanumeric display guides you through the programming, shows current parameter values
during the electrophoresis and final parameter values afterwards. It also asks questions and shows error
messages. The display has an upper and lower row.
Fig. 1 (inside front cover) shows the display in the start position when power is switched on for the first
time. The mode (in this case SET) is shown in the upper row on the left. The program number is in the
center of the upper row. The number shown is that of the previously entered program. As no program
has yet been entered, the first available program number, P1, is shown. The blinking figure, in this case
“1”, indicates that it can be changed by using the Ô/Õkeys. The upper right shows the programmed
breakpoint. In this case it is off.
The lower left, middle and right positions show voltage, current and power respectively.
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4.1.2 Keyboard
ENTER
Enters a value, locks the value if correct, and moves programming to the next field. Valid values are
voltage 6-600 V, current 1-400 mA, power 1-100 W, time 0:01-500 h, volthours 1-500 000 Vh.
SET
Puts the instrument into SET, its programming and starting mode. In the RUN mode, pressing SET also
shows the programmed parameters for the actual run. In addition,SET allows you to make changes in
the program during a run after first pressing PAUSE CONTINUE.
CHANGE UP/CHANGE DOWN
Changes the parameter, value or other choice in the field which is blinking. Numerical values are
changed in an accelerating manner when a key is held down. Clicking a key changes the value in preset
increments. Parameters or units (e.g. Vh) and yes/no choices are changed with one key push. The keys
can also be used to switch between time and volthours in RUN, PAUSE and END. The values scroll i.e.
they automatically change from maximum to minimum value or vice versa.
RUN
Pressing RUN starts the run and puts the program into RUN mode. The program number, current values
for voltage, current and power are shown on the display. The elapsed time or volthours are also
displayed. Switch between time and volthours with Ô/Õ.
PAUSE CONTINUE
Puts the instrument in PAUSE mode and switches off the voltage. The display shows the status of the run
at the time the key was pressed. PAUSE CONTINUE only operates in RUN mode. Time and integration
values are retained. In the pause mode, SET can be used to make changes in the program. Return to
RUN mode by pressing PAUSE CONTINUE or by pressing RUN.
STOP
Stops the run and puts the instrument in END mode. The voltage is switched off and the end parameters
are displayed. Switch between time and integrated voltage by pressing Ô/Õ. A run cannot be continued
after pressing STOP.
Continue by pressing RUN to run the same method again or pressing SET to choose another program,
program a new method or make changes in an existing method.
MORE
You can disable the start current check that otherwise detects if the resistance is too high and switches
off the power. See Section 5.4.
EXIT
Stops the execution of an operation, such as the entry of a value. Only values/units that have already
been confirmed by ENTER are retained. Returns the instrument to the mode that was left or the start
position in SET.
4.1.3 Output sockets
There are two sets of output sockets to allow two electrophoresis units to be connected and run at the
same time, see Fig. 1 inside front cover. The voltage output is 0–600 V. The negative output socket gives
between 0 and –300 V and the positive gives between 0 and +300 V.
4.2 Rear panel
The rear panel is shown in Fig. 2, see inside front cover. On the rear panel there is:
1. A mains switch. Press in Ito switch on the power to the power supply. Press 0to switch off the
power.
2. A socket for the mains cable.
3. A switch for voltage range. The left position corresponds to 100–120 V and the right to 220–240 V.
4. Vent openings.
EPS 601 - User Manual
Ô/Õ
pause
continue
run
set
enter
STOP
more
exit
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5. Operation
5.1 Overview
The operation of the EPS 601 is described in the following sequence.
1. Programming or editing a method.
2. Running a method.
When the method is running, it can be interrupted (put in PAUSE mode) to apply samples and/or change
the program. During a run it is also possible to look at the program settings.
Programming and running are discussed in more detail in the following two sections.
Blinking characters are shown as bold characters.
5.2 Programming
Start position
When the power supply is switched on, the display shows the start position in SET mode. The previous
program set is shown and that program number is blinking, for example:
SET: P1 2:00 h
200 V 40mA 10 W
(If the power supply is switched on for the first time, the breakpoint para-meter and the alarm are off
and the values for voltage, current, and power are 6 V, 400 mA and 100 W respectively).
Choosing a program
Up to 3 programs can be entered. Press ENTER to confirm the program shown on the display or use
Ô/Õkeys to choose another. Confirm with ENTER. The programming procedure can be followed step
by step in Fig. 3.
Setting voltage, current and power limits
The display will now flash for the set voltage limit. Using the Ô/Õ keys, select the maximum voltage
desired for the run. Confirm with ENTER. Repeat the same procedure for limiting current and limiting
power. Programmable values for voltage are 6–600 V, current, 1–400 mA, power, 1–100 W, time,
0:01–500 h, volthours, 1–500 000 Vh.
Setting break-point
Choose between manual break or automatic break. For automatic break, choose breakpoint units in
either Volthours (Vh) or time (h). Select the correct unit or, for manual break, choose “OFF” with
Ô/Õ. Confirm with ENTER. If volthours or h (time) were chosen, the display will flash for the
break value. Set the value with Ô/Õ and confirm with ENTER.
Choosing alarm
When a breakpoint has been entered, the following question is shown: Alarm at End ? Y.Select YES
or NO with Ô/Õ and confirm with ENTER. If YES is selected, a small “A” appears on the
right of the program number, i.e. 2A.
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SET: P1OFF
200 V 40 mA 10 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
Fig. 3. Step-by-step summary of programming.
SET: P2 OFF
6V 400 mA 100 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
SET: P2 OFF
600 V 400 mA 100 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
SET: P2 OFF
600 V 50 mA 100 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
SET: P2 OFF
600 V 50 mA 30 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
SET: P2 0:00 h
600 V 50mA 30 W
enter
Select by
Confirm by
Alarm at End ? Y
enter
Select by
Confirm by
SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W SET: P2OFF
600 V 50 mA 30 W
1. Choose Program
number
2. Set Voltage limit
3. Set Current limit
4. Set Power limit
5. Choose Breakpoint
unit (h or Vh) or no
Breakpoint (OFF).
6. Set Breakpoint
7. Choose Alarm
YES or NO
8. Program ready
Breakpoint off
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Back to start position
The program is now back to the start position in the SET mode with the program number flashing. It is
possible to go back to this position at any stage during programming in SET mode by pressing
EXIT or STOP. Note that the program is saved automatically when EXIT is pressed.
Disabling the current check
See Section 5.4 if you want to use this feature.
5.3 Running a program
Connect the leads from the electrophoresis unit (red to red, and black or blue to blue). Red is
positive and black or blue negative. Up to two electrophoresis units can run at the same voltage
at one time. Please remember to double the maximum current and power conditions if two
units are to be run. Voltage will be the same regardless of how many units are run. The current
should also be doubled if two gels are run on the same unit.
Choosing a program
Press SET and select the program you wish to run by pressing Ô/Õ until the value after the “P” is
correct. Confirm with ENTER. (Omit this step if you have just programmed a method as
described in section 5.2.)
Running a program is described schematically in Fig. 4.
Running
Press RUN to start the electrophoresis. The display will show current values for voltage, current, power
and elapsed time or volthours. You can switch between showing the elapsed time or volthours by Ô/Õ.
The limiting parameter will attain the programmed limit. The unit for that parameter is underlined. A
light emitting diode shows when voltage is applied (HV on). If no current is displayed, please check the
electrical connections to the electrophoresis equipment.
Pausing
You can interrupt the electrophoresis for sample loading and/or changing parameter values by pressing
PAUSE CONTINUE. Voltage and current will no longer besupplied, the HV on LED goes off, and you
may safely load your samples. The display shows the status of the run when PAUSE CONTINUE was
pressed. Switch between time and integrated voltage by pressing Ô/Õ. When sample loading is complete,
press PAUSE CONTINUE again or RUN and the run will continue from where it was interrupted. When
in the PAUSE mode you can also press SET to make changes in the program. This mode is called the P-
SET mode. When the P-SET mode is entered you can make changes as described under programming.
The P-SET mode is the same as the SET mode apart from restrictions in setting the breakpoint.
Naturally, it is not possible to enter a time or volthour that is already passed. Press EXIT or PAUSE
CONTINUE to go back from P-SET to PAUSE. Press RUN or PAUSE CONTINUE to proceed with the
electrophoresis.
View programmed values
It is also possible to view the programmed values during a run by pressing SET. Note that no values can
be changed here. The display returns automatically to show RUN values after 5s. Alternatively use EXIT
or RUN.
Stopping the run and viewing end parameter values
When the programmed time or volthour is attained, the program will enter the End mode. It is also
possible to break the run manually by pressing STOP. In both cases, the voltage, current and power will
go to zero as indicated by the HV on LED switching off. The end parameter values are displayed. Switch
between elapsed time and integrated voltage by Ô/Õ. An alarm will sound if selected in the program.
You can stop the alarm by pressing STOP.
A run cannot be continued after pressing STOP.
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Disconnect the leads and proceed with post-electrophoretic techniques. Since diffusion will begin as soon
as the voltage is turned off, you should remove the gel and begin staining, blotting or autoradiography
immediately.
5.4 Optional programming
You can disable the start current check that otherwise checks that the resistance is not higher than a
specified limit. This disabling function is set in the MORE mode instead of the SET mode in order not to
confuse users who do not need this feature, and for safety reasons.
The MORE mode is described in Fig. 5. After pressing MORE , the program asks you for the program
number and if you want to keep the start current check. Choose program number and change between
"YES" and "NO" by Ô/Õ and confirm with ENTER. Choosing "NO" for start current check means
that the function is disabled and high voltage can be applied despite a very high resistance. Leave the
MORE mode by EXIT.
Warning! By disabling the start current check, the power supply can deliver high voltage even if it is
not connected to electrophoresis equipment.
Fig. 4 . Step-by-step summary of run and pause function
SET: P1OFF
200 V 40 mA 10 W
Select by
1. Choose Program number.
2. Start the run.
3. During a run you can view the
settings. It is also possible to interupt
the run and make changes in the
program.
4. Stop the run manually.
5. The run is stopped automatically.
SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W
RUN: P2A0:01 h
300 V 50 mA 25 W
RUN: P2A1:45 h
600 V 50 mA 24 W
END: P2A2:00 h
600 V 35 mA 21 W
SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W PAUSE: P2A0:30 h
500 V 50 mA 100 W
P-SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W
END: P2A1:45 h
600 V 40 mA 24 W
or wait 5 s
exit
set pause
continue
pause
continue
run
or set exit
pause
continue or
STOP
RUN: P2A0:30 h
500 V 50 mA 25 W
Programming
run
Start by
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5.5 Choosing run parameters
EPS 601 is an automatic cross-over power supply that allows the user to set limits for voltage, current
and power. During electrophoresis, only one of the parameters is limiting at a time. The limiting
parameter determines, together with the conductivity in the electrophoresis system, the values for the
other two parameters. Voltage, current, power and conductivity are related by the following equations:
U = I / L (1)
P = U x I (2)
Where U = Voltage, I = Current, P = Power and L = Conductivity
Equation (1) is more familiar if the conductivity is replaced by the reciprocal resistance (R):
U = R x I (Ohm´s law)
The electric field E, measured in V/cm, is the driving force behind electrophoresis.
E = U / d
where E = Electrical field strength, U = Voltage, d = distance
The electrical field strength is achieved by applying a voltage. The higher the voltage, the faster the
electrophoresis. Fast electrophoresis is beneficial since it counteracts diffusion.
The disadvantage of increasing the voltage too much is that most of the generated electrical energy, the
product of power and time, is transformed to heat. Therefore cooling of electrophoresis equipment is
recommended. Cooling will also reduce “smiling” effects which are caused by mobility differentials
across an electrophoresis gel resulting from poor heat transfer. Since the cooling efficiency cannot be
increased indefinitely, the power should be limited when programming the power supply.
Fig. 5. Disabling the current check.
SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W
more
Select MORE by
MORE: P2
Select program
enter
Select by
Confirm by
1. Enter MORE
2. Select program
3. Choose current check no
4. Back to SET mode
Current check at
start? YES/no
enter
Select by
Confirm and
Exit by
SET: P2A2:00 h
600 V 50 mA 30 W
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The parameter that should be chosen as the constant and thus control the electrophoresis depends on the
type of electrophoresis. In the case of homogeneous buffers throughout the system (same electrode and
gel buffer), the conductivity is constant during the electrophoresis. If the conductivity is constant, the
voltage will be proportional to the current and the power to the square of the current, according to (1)
and (2). This means that the result of the electrophoresis will be the same, regardless which parameter is
chosen for constant. For historical and practical reasons, voltage is most commonly used for regulation.
Submarine gel electrophoresis of DNA/RNA and pulsed field electrophoresis are usually run at constant
voltage. SDS-PAGE using continuous buffer systems is run at constant voltage or current.
For discontinuous buffer systems, the resistance will increase as the electrophoresis proceeds due to a
decrease in conductivity. Running at constant voltage will result in decreasing current and power.
Constant voltage will thus be “safe” in the respect that the power will not increase and produce more
and more heat. On the other hand, the separation will slow down and impair resolution due to an
increased time available for diffusion. Running at constant power would give a faster electrophoresis and
controlled power, while running at constant current would, at the first sight, seem to be problematic
because of increasing voltage and power.
During discontinuous electrophoresis, however, the voltage is not distributed evenly across the gel. These
gels have a region with low ionic strength that causes a high electrical field strength. This region
increases as the electrophoresis proceeds. This means that the main part of the voltage is spread over a
longer and longer distance and a higher and higher power is tolerated. This is the reason why constant
current is chosen for such applications. It is, however, recommended to also limit the power as a
precaution against overheating the gel. The power supply will propably switch over to limiting power at
the end of the run due to increased voltage.
For detailed information about parameter values, always follow the gel supplier´s recommendations.
5.6 Short instructions
This section summarizes the main points covered earlier in this chapter. Use it as a check list once you
are familiar with the detailed programming and running instructions. Refer also to the separate
schematic operating guide included with the power supply. We recommend you keep this schematic
guide close by the instrument.
1. Turn mains power ON. The display should have the program number flashing.
2. Press ENTER for the actual program number, or use Ô/Õ to select the program number desired.
Press. ENTER.
3. For each of the parameters Voltage, Current and Power, press Ô/Õ until the value desired is reached.
Confirm by pressing ENTER after each one, and the display will automatically move to the next
parameter.
4. Choose between manual break or automatic break. For automatic break, choose breakpoint units in
either Volthours (Vh) or time (h). Select the correct unit or, for manual break, choose “OFF” with
Ô/Õ. Confirm with ENTER
5. If volthours or time were chosen, set the value to be used for the breakpoint with Ô/Õ and ENTER.
6. If an automatic breakpoint was chosen under 4, you will be asked if you wish an alarm to sound at
the end of the run. Select YES or NO with Ô/Õ and press ENTER. If YES was chosen, this is
indicated by a small A as in “1A” to the right of the program number in the display.
7. When programming is completed, connect your electrophoresis unit to the outputs, and press RUN.
8. The actual voltage, current and power are shown on the display together with the elapsed time or
volthours (switch with Ô/Õ).
9. PAUSE CONTINUE can be used to interrupt and then continue the run.
10.The programmed parameters can be checked during the run by pressing SET.
11.The programmed run stops automatically or by pressing STOP
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6. Maintenance
Wipe the instrument regularly with a damp cloth. Let the instrument dry completely before use.
Otherwise no user maintenance is necessary. All servicing should be entrusted to qualified personnel
only. Please contact your local Amersham Pharmacia Biotech representative for more service
information.
7. Trouble shooting
If an error that can be corrected by the user occurs, either during a run or when switching on the power
supply, the program enters the HALT mode and the output is switched off. Four different type of errors
can cause HALT. The following list shows the error message on the display, the cause and the remedy.
Error message
HALT: Low start
current!
HALT: Ground
leakage current
HALT: Mains
Voltage too low!
HALT: Mains fail
Program stopped
Cause
The current is less than the lower limit.
This can be due to incorrect
connection of the electrophoresis
equipment or due to use of buffers with
extremely low conductivity.
The current to ground leakage in the
electrophoresis unit is too high.
The mains voltage is too low, see
Specifications.
Mains power failure for more than 7 s.
Remedy
1. Check connections and/or buffers.
2. Press MORE, switch off the start
current check in the MORE mode.
IMPORTANT! Read Section 5.4 first.
Check the electrophoresis unit.
Check voltage selector.
Check mains voltage.
Press PAUSE CONTINUE to continue
running a program or STOP to interrupt
the run.
If a serious error occurs, the program enters the FAIL mode. The output is switched off and an error
message is shown in the display.
FAIL:Code No: xxx
Call service
Please read the error code number and contact your Amersham Pharmacia Biotech representative.
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8. Technical specifications
Regulation Maximum voltage, current and power with automatic cross-over at preset limits
Output range Voltage: 0-600 V DC,
Current: 0-400 mA
Power: 0-100 W
Programming range Voltage: 6-600 V DC
Current: 1-400 mA
Power: 1-100 W
Time: 00:01-500 h
Volthour: 1-500 000 Vh
Output resolution Voltage: 1 V
Current: 100 µA, 0-39.9 mA
1 mA, 40-400 mA
Power: 1W
Programming resolution Voltage: 1 V
Current: 1 mA
Power: 1 W
Time: 1 min, 00:01-99:59,
1h, 100-500 h
Volthour: 1 Vh, 1-9999 Vh,
100 Vh, 10.0-99.9 kVh
1 kVh, 100-500 kV
Accuracy Voltage: 1%, ± 3 V
Current: 1%, ± 1 mA
Power: 2%, ± 1 W
Timer: 0.1% ± 1 min, 00:01-99:59 h
0.1%, ± 10 min, 100-500 h
Line regulation < 0.2%
Load regulation < 1% at load change 10-90% of maximum load
Ripple < 1% at 600 V
Short term stability < 0.2% /10 h after warm up
Long term stability < 1% /year
Start current check Resistance not greater than 0.2 MΩat 40 V
(current less than 200 µA). Can be disabled
Sudden load change check
Ground leakage check Leakage not greater than 500 µA
Output protection Fully protected against any overload conditions
Recovery after power failure Duration < 8 s, The program continues automatically
Duration ≥8 s, The program continues after manual restart
Ambient operating temperature 4-40 °C
Ambient operating humidity 0-95%
Ambient operating pressure 68-106 kPa, maximum altitude of 2000 m
Mains requirements 100-120/220-240 V ~ ; 50/60 Hz
Power consumption Max 140 W
Dimensions (WxDxH) 250 x 315 x 95 mm
Weight 3.8 kg
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9. Ordering information
Designation Code No.
Electrophoresis Power Supply - EPS 601 18-1130-02
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1
1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Renseignements concernant la sécurité. . 2
2.1 Précautions d'emploi . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 Caractéristiques de sécurité . . . . . . . .
intrinsèques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Réception et installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Description technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1 Panneau avant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1.1 Écran d'affichage . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1.2 Clavier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1.3 Prises (connecteurs) de sortie . 5
4.2 Panneau arrière . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Utilisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1 Généralités. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2 Instructions simplifiées. . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table des matières
EPS 601 - Manuel d’Utilisation
Veuillez lire ce manuel
entièrement pour une
compréhension totale de l’usage
de EPS 601
AVERTISSEMENT!
Le signe
d’avertissement
souligne une instruction
qui doit être
scrupuleusement suivie
afin d’éviter des blessures
corporelles. Ne pas poursuivre tant
que les instructions n’ont pas été
entièrement assimilées et que toutes
les conditions indiquées n’ont pas été
réunies.
Déclaration de conformité
Normes de securité
Ce produit est conforme à la
directive 73/23/EEC (LVD) Basse
tension par la norme harmonisée EN
61010-1, 1993+A1, 1992.
Renseignements importants d’utilisation
Normes EMS (EMC -
Electromagnetic Comaptibility)
Ce produit est conforme à la
directive EMC 89/336/EEC par la
norme harmonisée EN 50081-1
(émission) et EN 50082-1
(immunité).
Le symbole CE et la déclaration de
conformité correspondante
s’appliquent à l’instrument lorsqu’il
est
– utilisé comme unité “seule” ou
– connecté à d’autres instruments
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech
marqués CE, ou
– connecté à d’autres produits
recommandés ou décrits dans ce
manuel et
– utilisé dans le même état que lors
de sa livraison par Amersham
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB à
l’exception des modifications décrites
dans ce manuel.
!
Modalités et Conditions de Vente
Toutes les marchandises et
prestations sont vendues sous réserve
des modalités et conditions de vente
de la société membre du groupe
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech qui les
fournit. Une copie de ces modalités
et conditions est disponible sur
demande.
Nous vous sommes gré d’adresser
tout commentaire que vous auriez
sur ce produit à:
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Inc.
654 Minnesota Street
San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
Marques de fabrique
Amersham est une marque déposée
de Nycomed Amersham plc.
Pharmacia et Drop Design sont des
marques déposées de Pharmacia &
Upjohn Inc.
© Copyright 1998 Amersham
Pharmacia Biotech AB - Tous
droits réservés
Hoefer Pharmacia Biotech Inc.
654 Minnesota Street
PO Box 77387
San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
N° vert aux Etats-Unis
[phone]
Téléphone local [phone]
Fax [phone] Télex 470778
Adresses des bureaux
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB
SE-751 84 Uppsala
Sweden
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech UK
Limited
Amersham Place Little Chalfont
Buckinghamshire
England HP7 9NA
Amersham Pharmacia Biotech Inc.
800 Centennial Avenue
P.O. Box 1327
Piscataway N.J. 08855-1327
USA
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1. Introduction
L’unité d’alimentation électrique d’électrophorèse EPS 601 produite par Amersham Pharmacia Biotech
est un instrument de haute précision, de grande qualité et fonctionnant en sécurité maximale lorsqu’elle
est utilisée pour des applications d’électrophorèse qui nécessitent un maximum de 600 volts, de 100
Watts et de 400 mA.
L’EPS 601 est destinée en premier lieu aux techniques d’application suivantes:
1. SDS-PAGE (Électrophorèse en Gel de Polyacrylamide, SDS)
2. PAGE Native (Electrophorèse en Gel de PolyAcrylamide)
3. L’électrophorèse Agarose
4. L’électrotransfert
5. L’électrophorèse d’ADN en champ pulsé
6. Electrophorèse Haute Résolution des produits d’amplification ADN
7. L’électrophorèse sous-marine des acides nucléides (ADN, ARN).
Les séparations électrophorétiques peuvent être contrôlées par la tension, le courant ou la puissance.
L’EPS 601 commute automatiquement sur le paramètre de contrôle en fonction des valeurs-limites
programmées et en fonction des variations de conductivité du système.
Il est possible de sauvegarder trois programmes d’une étape chacune.
2. Renseignements concernant la sécurité
2.1 Précautions
Opérer avec la plus grande prudence lorsque vous utilisez l’instrument car il peut générer une tension et
une intensité suffisantes pour provoquer des chocs électriques mortels.
Pour éviter tout risque d’accident, l’instrument doit être utilisé uniquement par du personnel qualifié et
toujours en suivant strictement les instructions fournies.
Nous vous recommandons de lire attentivement ce manuel avant d’utiliser l’unité d’alimentation
électrique.
1. Cet instrument a été conçu pour être utilisé à l’intérieur uniquement.
2. Cet instrument doit toujours être utilisé avec le fil de terre du cordon
d’alimentation correctement mis à la terre de la prise secteur.
3. Pour que la ventilation fonctionne normalement, veiller à ce que les fentes d’aération à l’arrière et sur
les côtés de l’instrument ne soient jamais obstruées.
4. Ne pas faire fonctionner l’instrument en milieu extrêmement humide (humidité supérieure à 95%).
Éviter la condensation en laissant l’unité s’équilibrer à la température ambiante lorsqu’elle est
transférée d’un environnement froid à un environnement plus chaud.
5. Conserver l’instrument aussi sec et aussi propre que possible. L’essuyer régulièrement avec un chiffon
doux humide. Veiller à ce que l’unité soit complètement sèche avant de l’utiliser. Lorsque l’unité est
humide, la débrancher jusqu’à ce qu’elle soit sèche;
6. N’employer que des fils électriques complètement intacts et des équipements prévus pour les tensions
que vous utilisez.
Les fils haute tension doivent être conformes à la norme électrique IEC 1010-2-031:1993.
Tout équipement d’électrophorèse branché à l’unité d’alimentation électrique doit être conforme à la
norme électrique IEC 1010-1:1993.
7. Noter que la sortie est branchée à la terre du châssis/référence
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2.2 Caractéristiques de sécurité intrinsèques
La conformité de l’EPS 601 à la norme de sécurité électrique IEC 61010-1 (EN 61010-1) a été certifiée.
Cette unité d’alimentation électrique est aussi dotée de fonctions de sécurité intrinsèques. Des messages
d’erreur sont affichés à l’écran:
1. Functional earth leakage (Fuite à la terre fonctionnelle). Lorsque l’unité d’alimentation électrique est
branchée sur une unité d’électrophorèse qui a des fuites à la terre, l’EPS 601 détecte cette défaillance
et coupe immédiatement la haute tension.
2. Start current check (Vérification du courant initial). Pour s’assurer que l’unité d’électrophorèse est
branchée correctement, l’unité d’alimentation électrique vérifie à basse tension de sécurité (inférieure à
40 V) que la résistance n’est pas supérieure à une limite déterminée. Si cette résistance est trop élevée,
la tension est coupée immédiatement. Une résistance trop élevée peut aussi avoir pour cause
l’utilisation de tampons à conductivité extrêmement faible. Dans ce cas l’EPS 601 coupe aussi la
haute tension et affiche un message d’erreur. Cette fonction de Vérification du courant peut être
désactivée pour certaines applications (voir Figure 4. Désactivation de la vérification du courant).
3 Sudden load change detection (Détection d’une variation soudaine de charge). Cette fonction
empêche tout accident pendant l’exécution, provoqué par une rupture du circuit électrique, par
exemple une connexion défectueuse du branchement à l’unité d’électrophorèse. L’EPS 601 coupe
immédiatement la haute tension dans une telle situation.
3. Reception et installation
Réception
Vérifier le contenu à l’aide de la liste d’inventaire. Vérifier que le matériel n’a pas été endommagé
pendant le transport. Signaler immédiatement toute détérioration au représentant Amersham Pharmacia
local et à la société de transport en question.
Branchement sur la tension secteur
Sélectionner la tension appropriée, 100-120 V ou 220-240 V, Figure 2 (voir verso de la page couverture).
Recommandation importante! Le générateur risque d’être sérieusement endommagé si l’unité
d’alimentation électrique est branchée sur la tension secteur de 220-240 V avec une tension secteur
sélectionnée sur 100-120 V.
Employer le cordon d’alimentation secteur approprié et brancher une de ses extrémités sur le réceptacle
d’alimentation secteur de l’unité EPS 601 (voir Figure 2) et l’autre extrémité à la prise d’alimentation
secteur avec prise de terre.
Mettre l’unité sous tension. Chaque fois que l’instrument est mis sous tension un essai automatique est
effectué par le système. Si cet essai détecte une erreur il affiche un message à l’écran et déclenche un
signal d’alarme sonore (voir 2.2).
Branchement de ou des unités d’électrophorèse
Brancher les fils de l’unité d’électrophorèse (rouge sur rouge, et noir ou bleu sur bleu) comme indiqué
dans Figure 1 (voir verso de la page couverture). Le fil rouge est le positif et le fil noir ou bleu est le
négatif.
Recommandation importante! N’utiliser que des fils électriques parfaitement intacts et des
équipements autorisés pour la tension utilisée.
Il est possible d’utiliser deux unités d’électrophorèse simultanément avec le même programme. Il est
indispensable de doubler les limites d’intensité (mA) et de puissance (W) lorsqu’on utilise deux unités
d’électrophorèse en même temps. Par contre la tension (V) reste la même qu’on utilise une ou deux unités
d’électrophorèse à la fois.
3
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4. Description technique
4.1 Panneau avant
Le panneau avant comporte un écran d’affichage alphanumérique, un clavier avec 9 touches, une diode
électroluminescente (LED) qui s’allume lorsque l’instrument est mis sous tension (Sortie HT active) et des
connecteurs pour deux unités d’électrophorèse.
4.1.1 Écran d’affichage
Un écran d’affichage à 32 caractères alphanumériques vous permet de suivre les différentes phases de
programmation, affiche les valeurs actuelles des paramètres pendant l’exécution d’électrophorèse et les
valeurs finales des paramètres. Il affiche aussi des questions et des messages d’erreur. L’écran d’affichage
comporte une barrette supérieure et une barrette inférieure.
La Figure 1 (voir verso de la page couverture) montre l’écran initial lorsque l’interrupteur d’alimentation
est mis en position Marche (”On”). Le mode (dans le cas présent SET, c.à.d. programmation) est affiché
en haut à gauche, et le numéro du programme au centre de la barrette supérieure. Le numéro du
programme indiqué est celui du programme précédent. Le clignotement du chiffre, en l’occurrence «1»
indique qu’il est possible de le modifier en appuyant sur une des touches Ô/ÕEn haut à droite s’affiche
le paramètre de fin programmé pour l’opération d’électrophorèse . Dans le cas présent «Off» (Rupture
Manuelle). En bas à gauche, au centre et à droite sont indiquées respectivement, la tension, le courant et
la puissance.
4.1.2 Clavier
Touche ENTER (Entrée)
Une pression sur cette touche permet successivement d’entrer une valeur, de la valider si cette valeur est
correcte et de faire avancer le programme au champ suivant. Les valeurs correctes sont : tension 6-600 V,
courant 1-400 mA, puissance 1-100 W, durée 0:01-500 heures, nombre de volt-heures 1-500.000 Vh.
SET (Programmation/Démarrage).
Une pression sur cette touche met l’instrument en mode SET qui est le mode programmation et le mode
démarrage. En mode RUN (exécution) une pression sur SET affiche les paramètres programmés pour
l’exécution en cours. De plus, une pression sur la touche SET permet d’effectuer des modifications sur le
programme en cours d’exécution après avoir appuyé sur la touche PAUSE CONTINUE.
Change up/ Change down (Modif +/-)
Une pression sur l’une de ces deux touches permet de modifier le paramètre, la valeur ou le choix
(oui/non) dans le champ qui clignote. On modifie les valeurs numériques de manière accélérée en
maintenant la pression sur la touche concernée. Un pression rapide sur une de ces touches modifie la
valeur par incréments prédéterminés. On modifie les paramètres ou unités (par exemple Vh) et les choix
YES/NO (oui/non) avec une seule pression sur la touche en question. On peut aussi utiliser ces touches
pour basculer entre la durée et les volt-heures en mode RUN (exécution), PAUSE et END (fin). Les
valeurs défilent, en l’occurrence elles changent automatiquement du maximum au minimum ou vice-
versa.
RUN (Exécution)
Une pression sur la touche RUN déclenche l’exécution du programme et met le programme en mode
RUN. Le numéro du programme, les valeurs effectives de la tension, du courant et de la puissance
s’affichent sur l’écran. Le temps écoulé ou le nombre de volt-heures s’affichent aussi. Pour visualiser le
temps ou les volt-heures utiliser les touches Ô/Õ
PAUSE
Une pression sur cette touche met l’instrument en mode PAUSE et coupe la tension. L’écran d’affichage
indique les différents paramètres au moment où l’opérateur a appuyé sur la touche. La touche PAUSE
CONTINUE n’est active qu’en mode RUN. Le temps et les valeurs intégrées sont maintenues. En mode
PAUSE, on peut utiliser la toucheSET pour effectuer des modifications dans le programme. Pour repasser
en mode RUN appuyer sur la touche PAUSE CONTINUE ou sur EUN.
Ô/Õ
pause
continue
run
set
enter
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