ANAVI Infrared pHAT User manual

ANAVI Infrared pHATANAVI Infrared pHAT
Convert Your Raspberry Pi to Powerful Remote ControlConvert Your Raspberry Pi to Powerful Remote Control
DISCLAIMERDISCLAIMER
Raspberry Pi and the Raspberry Pi logo are registered trademarks of the Raspberry Pi Foundation. ANAVI, the ANAVI logo and combinations thereof, are registered
trademarks of Leon Anavi. Other product names may be trademarks of others and the rights belong to their respective owners.
The information in this document is provided in connection with Anavi products. No license, express or implied or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is
granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Anavi products.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit
http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
ANAVI Infrared pHAT hardware design is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
The software examples are released under MIT and the rest of the software is available under GPLv3.
It is possible that the pictures in this manual differ from the latest revision of the board.
The product described in this document is subject to continuous development and improvements. All particulars of the product and its use contained in this
document are given by Anavi in good faith. However all warranties implied or expressed including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for
purpose are excluded. This document is intended only to assist the reader in the use of the product. Anavi shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the
use of any information in this document or any error or omission in such information or any incorrect use of the product.
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for engineering development, demonstration, or evaluation purposes only and is not considered by Anavi to be a finished
end-product fit for general consumer use. People handling the product must have electronics training and observe good engineering practice standards. As such, the
goods being provided are not intended to be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including
product safety and environmental measures typically found in end products that incorporate such semiconductor components or circuit boards.
There is no warranty for the design materials and the components used to create ANAVI Infrared pHAT. They are considered suitable only for ANAVI Infrared pHAT.
CHAPTER 1: OverviewCHAPTER 1: Overview
IntroductionIntroduction
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is an open source hardware Raspberry Pi add-on board with IR receiver, transmitter, UART and 3 I2C slots for sensors. ANAVI Infrared pHAT was
started as a hobby project by Leon Anavi in January 2017. The project allows you to convert your Raspberry Pi into a smart remote control using the open source
software LIRC.
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is designed with the free and open source electronics design automation suite KiCAD. No soldering is required. You can assemble ANAVI
Infrared pHAT to your Raspberry Pi with your bare hands.
Anavi is fully compatible with the Raspbian GNU/Linux distribution and open source sample applications are provided.
FeaturesFeatures
ANAVI Infrared pHAT Raspberry Pi HAT includes:
IR LED
IR photo sensor
Slots for up to 3 plug and play I2C sensors
Supported Raspberry Pi Versions and ModelsSupported Raspberry Pi Versions and Models
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is compatible with the following Raspberry Pi versions and models:
Raspberry Pi 4 Model B
Raspberry Pi 3 Model B
Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
Raspberry Pi 0
Raspberry Pi 0 W
Raspberry Pi Model B+
Raspberry Pi Model A+
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is NOTNOT compatible with the earlier 26-pin models of Raspberry Pi 1 Model B & A's.
Target MarketTarget Market
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is a Raspberry Pi HAT suitable for existing Raspberry Pi customers interested in home automation, software development and Internet of Things.
The board is appropriate for embedded programming enthusiasts, GNU/Linux gadget fans, students as well as web and/or mobile app developers. The main usage of
the board is embedded software development and controlling IR devices without the urge of understanding perfectly the hardware.

Board VersionBoard Version
Revision 1.0 of ANAVI Infrared pHAT was used while writing this document. It is possible that it is outdated so it is always recommended to check the latest sources
from the GitHub page of the board.
CHAPTER 2: Getting StartedCHAPTER 2: Getting Started
Electrostatic WarningElectrostatic Warning
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is shipped in a protective antistatic bag. The HAT as well as the Raspberry Pi must NOTNOT be exposed to high electrostatic potentials. A grounding
strap or similar protective device should be worn when handling the board. Avoid touching the component pins or any other metallic element.
RequirementsRequirements
In order to setup ANAVI Infrared pHAT the following items are required:
Compatible Raspberry Pi
microSD card with compatible image
USB power supply
Additionally you may attach USB mouse, keyboard, HDMI monitor or addition peripheral devices to your Raspberry Pi. It is recommended to use 2.5A (2500mA) power
supply.
Supported PeripheralsSupported Peripherals
ANAVI Infrared pHAT Raspberry Pi HAT has an infrared receiver and an infrared transmitter. Up to 3 I2C sensors can be also easily attached to the pHAT.
SensorsSensors
The officially supported I2C sensor modules by ANAVI Infrared pHAT are:
Temperature and barometric pressure (BMP180)
Temperature and humidity (HTU21)
Light (BH1750)
You may also attach any other I2C sensors but you will have to take care of their software integration.
Temperature SensorTemperature Sensor
The official temperature sensor for ANAVI Infrared pHAT is BMP180. This is I2C sensor capable of measuring both temperature and barometric pressure.
Using 4 Dupont jumper wires connect BMP180 to one of the 3 I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT as follows:
BMP180BMP180 ANAVI InfraredANAVI Infrared
pHATpHAT
VIN 3.3V
GND GND
SCL SCL
SDA SDA
Humidity SensorHumidity Sensor
The official humidity temperature for ANAVI Infrared pHAT is HTU21 (SHT21). This is I2C sensor capable of measuring both humidity and temperature.
Using 4 Dupont jumper wires connect HTU21 to one of the 3 I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT as follows:
HTU21HTU21 ANAVI InfraredANAVI Infrared
pHATpHAT
VIN 3.3V
GND GND
SCL SCL
SDA SDA

Light SensorLight Sensor
The official light I2C sensor for ANAVI Infrared pHAT is BH1750.
Using 4 Dupont jumper wires connect BH1750 to one of the 3 I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT as follows:
BH1750BH1750 ANAVI InfraredANAVI Infrared
pHATpHAT
VCC 3.3V
GND GND
SCL SCL
SDA SDA
AssemblyAssembly
You can assemble ANAVI Infrared pHAT and mount it on your Raspberry Pi with your bare hands following the steps below:
Ensure that you Raspberry Pi is compatible with ANAVI Infrared pHAT.
Power off your Raspberry Pi.
Gently mount ANAVI Infrared pHAT on the 40 pin header of your Raspberry Pi.
Add sensors to your ANAVI Infrared pHAT.
Optionally, you may also mount two or four brass M2.5 standoffs to keep your Pi HAT snug on your Raspberry Pi while also keeping the two boards separated.
That's all, now you are ready to go!
Powering ANAVI Infrared pHATPowering ANAVI Infrared pHAT
ANAVI Infrared pHAT is Raspberry Pi HAT therefore it is powered through Raspberry Pi. It is recommended to use the official Raspberry Pi Power Supply or another
2.5A USB power supply from reputable retailer.
CHAPTER 3: SoftwareCHAPTER 3: Software
InstallationInstallation
In order to work correctly, ANAVI Infrared pHAT requires an up-to-date kernel, I2C to be enabled, and a few libraries to get started. After booting microSD card with
RaspbianRaspbian, open a terminal and follow the steps below:
Ensure your APT package list is up-to-date:
sudo apt-get update
Install additional applications, libraries and other tools needed by ANAVI Infrared pHAT
sudo apt-get install -y git i2c-tools vim
Enable I2CEnable I2C
Follow the steps below to enable I2C which is required by the sensors for ANAVI Infrared pHAT
Open a terminal or login remotely via SSH to your Raspberry Pi and type in the following command:
sudo raspi-config
Select Interfacing Options > I2CInterfacing Options > I2C and enable it.
Reboot the board.
Serial DebuggingSerial Debugging
Follow the steps below to enable serial debugging through USB to serial cable:
Open a terminal or login remotely via SSH to your Raspberry Pi and type in the following command:
sudo raspi-config

Select Interfacing Options > SerialInterfacing Options > Serial and enable it.
Reboot the board.
Plug the USB to serial cable and connect your Raspberry Pi to your PC. The RXRX line of the cable should go to TXTX line of UARTUART on ANAVI Infrared pHAT. The TXTX
line of the cable should go to the RXRX line of UARTUART on ANAVI Infrared pHAT. The GNDGND wire should go to the GNDGND line of UARTUART on ANAVI Infrared pHAT.
Type in the following command on your computer if you are using GNU/Linux distribution to access ANAVI Infrared pHAT. Alternatively if your OS is Microsoft
Windows use putty.
The recommended USB to UART serial modules for ANAVI Infrared pHAT are any with CP2102 or Olimex USB-Serial-Cable-F. All Infrared kits include CP2102 which
out of the box on GNU/Linux distributions. Drivers for MS Windows and Mac OS X are available at silabs.com.
ExamplesExamples
Sample applications written in Python and the C programming language are provided for ANAVI Infrared pHAT under MIT license in GitHub. All examples have been
tested on RaspbianRaspbian.
Open a terminal and execute the follow the steps by step instructions to install all dependencies and to get the source code:
Install dependencies:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y git git-core vim python-dev python-rpi.gpio wiringpi i2c-tools
Download the examples for ANAVI Infrared pHAT
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/AnaviTechnology/anavi-examples.git
cd anavi-examples
SensorsSensors
It is mandatory to enable I2CI2C to use any of the sensors supported by ANAVI Infrared pHAT.
Temperature Sensor (BMP180)Temperature Sensor (BMP180)
Follow the steps below to use the BMP180 I2C temperature and barometric pressure sensor with ANAVI Infrared pHAT:
Connect BMP180 to any of the I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT using male to female Duport jumper wire.
Type in the following command and verify that the address of the sensor is listed:
sudo i2cdetect -y 1
Type in the following commands to build and run the sample application that display temperature and barometric pressure:
cd ~/anavi-examples/sensors/BMP180/c/
make
./BMP180
Verify that the output is similar to (the exact values depend on the atmospheric condition):
pi@raspberrypi:~/anavi-examples/sensors/BMP180/c $ ./BMP180
BMP180 Sensor Module
Temperature 28.6 C
Pressure 991.57 hPa
Humidity Sensor (HTU21D)Humidity Sensor (HTU21D)
Follow the steps below to use the HTU21D I2C temperature and humidity sensor with ANAVI Infrared pHAT:
Connect HTU21D to any of the I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT using male to female Duport jumper wire.
Type in the following command and verify that the address of the sensor is listed:
sudo i2cdetect -y 1
Type in the following commands to build and run the sample application that display temperature and humidity:

cd ~/anavi-examples/sensors/HTU21D/c/
make
./HTU21D
Verify that the output is similar to (the exact values depend on the atmospheric condition):
pi@raspberrypi:~/anavi-examples/sensors/HTU21D/c $ ./HTU21D
HTU21D Sensor Module
25.64C
118.99%rh
BH1750 Light Sensor ModuleBH1750 Light Sensor Module
Follow the steps below to use the BH1750 I2C light sensor with ANAVI Infrared pHAT:
Connect BH1750 to any of the I2C slots on ANAVI Infrared pHAT using male to female Dupont jumper wires.
Type in the following command and verify that the address of the sensor is listed:
sudo i2cdetect -y 1
Type in the following commands to build and run the sample application that display luminous emittance:
cd ~/anavi-examples/sensors/BH1750/c/
make
./BH1750
Verify that the output is similar to (the exact values depend on the atmospheric condition):
pi@raspberrypi:~/anavi-examples/sensors/BH1750/c $ ./BH1750
BH1750 Sensor Module
Light: 418 Lux
Infrared and LIRCInfrared and LIRC
ANAVI Infrared pHAT has built-in infrared receiver and transmitter. LIRC (Linux Infrared Remote Control) is popular open source application for sending and receiving
data over infrared on GNU/Linux distributions. This chapter provides guidelines how to enable ANAVI Infrared pHAT infrared receiver and transmitter on RaspbianRaspbian and
to use LIRC.
In 2019 lirc_rpi, the Linux kernel module provided with Raspbian before, was replaced with gpio-ir and gpio-ir-tx. This tutorial is updated for Raspbian Buster. If you
need to setup ANAVI Infrared pHAT on an older version of Raspbian, for example from 2018-04-18, please have a look at the oldold user's manual.
Setting up LIRCSetting up LIRC
Perform the steps below to build LIRC from source, to patch it and to enable the infrared receiver and transmitter on ANAVI Infrared pHAT:
Install dependencies
sudo su -c "grep '^deb ' /etc/apt/sources.list | sed 's/^deb/deb-src/g' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/deb-src.list"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y vim devscripts dh-exec doxygen expect libasound2-dev libftdi1-dev libsystemd-dev libudev-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev libusb-dev man2html-base portaudio19-dev socat xsltproc python3-yaml dh-python libx11-dev python3-dev python3-setuptools
Download LIRC source code
mkdir ~/lirc-src
cd ~/lirc-src
apt source lirc
Apply a patch to fix LIRC for Raspberry Pi
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/neuralassembly/raspi/master/lirc-gpio-ir-0.10.patch
patch -p0 -i lirc-gpio-ir-0.10.patch
cd lirc-0.10.1
debuild -uc -us -b

Install LIRC (built on the previous step)
cd ~/lirc-src
sudo apt install -y ./liblirc0_0.10.1-6.2~deb10u1_armhf.deb ./liblircclient0_0.10.1-6.2~deb10u1_armhf.deb ./lirc_0.10.1-6.2~deb10u1_armhf.deb
Edit /etc/lirc/lirc_options.conf and make sure that driver and device are set as:
driver = default
device = /dev/lirc1
NOTE:NOTE: Device /dev/lirc1/dev/lirc1 is the receiver and device /dev/lirc0/dev/lirc0 is the transmitter. Initially /dev/lirc1/dev/lirc1 is used to scan a remote control. After that the configuration has to
be updated to /dev/lirc0/dev/lirc0 and LIRC daemon must be restated with sudo systemctl restart lircd in order to send infrared commands.
Edit /boot/config.txt (with sudo or as root) and configure kernel extensions by adding the following line to the end of the file:
dtoverlay=gpio-ir,gpio_pin=18
dtoverlay=gpio-ir-tx,gpio_pin=17
Reboot Raspberry Pi:
sudo shutdown -r 0
Using IR ReceiverUsing IR Receiver
Follow the steps below to verify that the IR receiver is working as expected:
Stop LIRC systemd service:
sudo systemctl stop lircd
Start outputting raw data from the IR receiver
mode2 -d /dev/lirc1
Point a remote control at the IR receiver on ANAVI Infrared pHAT and press its buttons. If the IR receiver is configured successfully you will see similar output:
space 3662230
pulse 2428
space 594
pulse 1201
space 596
pulse 1230
space 595
pulse 1209
space 590
pulse 1204
Using IR LEDUsing IR LED
Follow the steps below to create LIRC configuration file and test the infrared transmitter:
Stop LIRC systemd service
sudo systemctl stop lircd
List all available names for buttons supported by LIRC:
irrecord --list-namespace
Type in the following command to create new LIRC control configuration file and follow the on screen instructions to scan a remote control:
irrecord -d /dev/lirc1 ~/lircd.conf
Example configuration output with name hifi:

Using driver default on device /dev/lirc1
irrecord - application for recording IR-codes for usage with lirc
Copyright (C) 1998,1999 Christoph Bartelmus([email protected])
This program will record the signals from your remote control
and create a config file for lircd.
A proper config file for lircd is maybe the most vital part of this
package, so you should invest some time to create a working config
file. Although I put a good deal of effort in this program it is often
not possible to automatically recognize all features of a remote
control. Often short-comings of the receiver hardware make it nearly
impossible. If you have problems to create a config file READ THE
DOCUMENTATION at https://sf.net/p/lirc-remotes/wiki
If there already is a remote control of the same brand available at
http://sf.net/p/lirc-remotes you might want to try using such a
remote as a template. The config files already contains all
parameters of the protocol used by remotes of a certain brand and
knowing these parameters makes the job of this program much
easier. There are also template files for the most common protocols
available. Templates can be downloaded using irdb-get(1). You use a
template file by providing the path of the file as a command line
parameter.
Please take the time to finish the file as described in
https://sourceforge.net/p/lirc-remotes/wiki/Checklist/ an send it
to <[email protected]> so it can be made available to others.
Press RETURN to continue.
Checking for ambient light creating too much disturbances.
Please don't press any buttons, just wait a few seconds...
No significant noise (received 0 bytes)
Enter name of remote (only ascii, no spaces) :hifi
Using hifi.lircd.conf as output filename
Now start pressing buttons on your remote control.
It is very important that you press many different buttons randomly
and hold them down for approximately one second. Each button should
generate at least one dot but never more than ten dots of output.
Don't stop pressing buttons until two lines of dots (2x80) have
been generated.
Press RETURN now to start recording.
................................................................................
Got gap (45034 us)}
Please keep on pressing buttons like described above.
...............................................................................
Please enter the name for the next button (press <ENTER> to finish recording)
KEY_POWER
Now hold down button "KEY_POWER".
Please enter the name for the next button (press <ENTER> to finish recording)
Checking for toggle bit mask.
Please press an arbitrary button repeatedly as fast as possible.
Make sure you keep pressing the SAME button and that you DON'T HOLD

Make sure you keep pressing the SAME button and that you DON'T HOLD
the button down!.
If you can't see any dots appear, wait a bit between button presses.
Press RETURN to continue.
..............................Cannot find any toggle mask.
You have only recorded one button in a non-raw configuration file.
This file doesn't really make much sense, you should record at
least two or three buttons to get meaningful results. You can add
more buttons next time you run irrecord.
Successfully written config file hifi.lircd.conf
Backup the original LIRC configuration file:
sudo mv /etc/lirc/lircd.conf /etc/lirc/lircd-backup.conf
Load the new configuration file, for example:
NOTE: The name of configuration depends on the selected name of remote. Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!NOTE: The name of configuration depends on the selected name of remote. Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!
sudo mv hifi.lircd.conf /etc/lirc/lircd.conf
Switch LIRC configurations to the device for transmitting. Edit again /etc/lirc/lirc_options.conf and make sure that driver and device are set as:
driver = default
device = /dev/lirc0
NOTE:NOTE: In this case the device is /dev/lirc0/dev/lirc0.
Launch LIRC systemd service again:
sudo systemctl start lircd
List all saved keys, for example:
NOTE: Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!NOTE: Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!
irsend LIST hifi ""
Test the configuration file by sending recorded IR command, for example POWER (please note the exact command may vary for different LIRC
configuration files, IR devices and IR remote controls):
NOTE: Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!NOTE: Please adapt the command below depending on your name of remote!
irsend SEND_ONCE hifi KEY_POWER
NOTE: Please keep in mind that in rare cases some devices might require codes to be sent in short bursts, for example:NOTE: Please keep in mind that in rare cases some devices might require codes to be sent in short bursts, for example:
irsend send_once hifi KEY_POWER KEY_POWER KEY_POWER
Device Tree OverlaysDevice Tree Overlays
Device Tree (DT) in Linux is a description of the hardware in a system. The DT overlay adds a number of optional elements.
The EEPROM of ANAVI Infrared pHAT contains DT overlay with description of the peripheral devices on the HAT. After adding Anavi to your Raspberry Pi and booting
it you should have some new filesystem nodes at /proc/device-tree/hat :
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ls -l /proc/device-tree/hat/
total 0
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4 Feb 15 00:27 name
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 20 Feb 15 00:27 product
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 7 Feb 15 00:27 product_id
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 7 Feb 15 00:27 product_ver
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 37 Feb 15 00:27 uuid
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 6 Feb 15 00:27 vendor

The information provided in these filesystem nodes helps you to identify ANAVI Infrared pHAT vendor, version, product name, etc. For example:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /proc/device-tree/hat/product
ANAVI Infrared pHAT
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /proc/device-tree/hat/vendor
ANAVI
More information about device trees, overlays and parameters are available at the official Raspberry Pi documentation.
CHAPTER 4: ANAVI IoT GNU/Linux DistributionCHAPTER 4: ANAVI IoT GNU/Linux Distribution
Anavi IoT GNU/Linux distribution is still under construction . It is built using the Yocto ProjectYocto Project and OpenEmbeddedOpenEmbedded and features daemon that sends data from the
sensors and receives messages through the lightweight machine-to-machine communication protocol MQTTMQTT. There is also a responsive HTML5 web interface
developed with jQuery Mobile and Node.jsNode.js API. For more details visit:
anaviflexd
meta-anavi
anavi-api
anavi-ui
CHAPTER 5: SchematicsCHAPTER 5: Schematics
PinoutPinout
The components of ANAVI Infrared pHAT utilize the following pins on Raspberry Pi:
ComponentComponent PinsPins
I2C 3, 5
EEPROM 27, 28
IR LED 11
IR receiver 12
UART 1, 8, 9, 10
I2CI2C
The sensors that can be connected to ANAVI Infrared pHAT communicate with a host microcontroller via a communications standard called I2CI2C (Inter-Integrated-
Circut). I2C uses two wires, labelled SDA (Serial Data) and SCL (Serial Clock). To function properly, I2C requires a pullup resistor on each of those lines therefore
ANAVI Infrared pHAT includes two 4.7kohm resistors labelled as R6 and R7. If for one reason or another you need to disable the I2C pullup resistors remove R6 and
R7.
CHAPTER 6: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)CHAPTER 6: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
May I use ANAVI Infrared pHAT with other operating systems?May I use ANAVI Infrared pHAT with other operating systems?
Yes, you can use ANAVI Infrared pHAT with other GNU/Linux distributions and even other operating systems but some porting efforts might be required.
May I use other I2C sensors with ANAVI Infrared pHAT?May I use other I2C sensors with ANAVI Infrared pHAT?
Yes, you can use other I2C sensors with ANAVI Infrared pHAT but you should take care for their drivers and software support.
May I use non-I2C sensors with ANAVI Infrared pHAT?May I use non-I2C sensors with ANAVI Infrared pHAT?
No.
Can I remotely control ANAVI Infrared pHAT from a web browser on my smartphone, tablet, or laptop?Can I remotely control ANAVI Infrared pHAT from a web browser on my smartphone, tablet, or laptop?

Yes, you may install popular open source software for home automation on your Raspberry Pi such as Home Assistant or OpenHAB 2 and integrate ANAVI Infrared
pHAT.
Is ANAVI Infrared pHAT software free and open source?Is ANAVI Infrared pHAT software free and open source?
Yes, the official ANAVI Infrared pHAT software is free and open source. The examples are available under MIT license and the rest is available under GPLv3. Please
contact us if you are working on a commercial product and you would like to use the software under alternative commercial license.
CHAPTER 7: Revision HistoryCHAPTER 7: Revision History
Document RevisionDocument Revision
DateDate ChangesChanges Modified pagesModified pages AuthorAuthor
15 February 2017 Initial manual release All Leon Anavi
16 September
2017 Update for Raspbian Stretch All Leon Anavi
08 July 2019 Update for Raspbian Buster All Leon Anavi
ANAVI Infrared pHAT RevisionANAVI Infrared pHAT Revision
RevisionRevision Notable changesNotable changes
1.0 First version
See AlsoSee Also
For more information please visit anavi.technology and our GitHub repositories. If you have any questions or enquiries please contact us through Facebook, Twitter or
email.