Arec 2400 Series User manual

Operation Manual
Model 2400 Series
Single & 3-Phase Power Analyzers
VALHALLA
SCIENTIFIC
Need Help? Call 800-548-9806.
www.valhallascientific.com
©2015 Valhalla Scientific, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced Test Equipment Corp.
www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)

CONTENTS
page
1. Safety 1-1
1.1 Warnings 1-2
2. Introducting The Power Analyzer 2-1
2.1. Options and Accessories 2-1
2.2. Specifications 2-2
3. Mathematical Definitions used by the Power Analyzer 3-1
4. GETTING STARTED 4-1
4.1. FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL 4-1
4.2. ADJUSTING THE OPTIMAL VIEWING ANGLE 4-3
4.3. LINE POWER 4-3
4.4. TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON 4-3
4.5. USING THE FUNCTION KEYS 4-3
4.6. SELECTING A MEASUREMENT RANGE 4-4
4.7. TAKING SAME BASIC POWER MEASUREMENTS 4-4
5. OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE
FRONT PANEL 5-1
5.1. INTRODUCTION 5-1
5.2. FRONT PANEL OPERATIONS 5-1
5.3. CURRENT INPUT SELECTION 5-2
5.4. RANGE SELECTION / AUTO RANGE SELECTION 5-2
5.5. SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION 5-2
5.6. SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT TIME 5-3
5.7. SELECTION OF AC- OR DC+AC-COUPLING 5-3
5.8. CHANGING THE DISPLAY CONFIGURATION 5-3
5.8.1. CHANGING THE HARMONIC NUMBER 5-4
5.9. MAIN MENU SELECTION 5-4
5.9.1. DISPLAY HOLD 5-4
5.9.2. AUTO RANGE SELECTION 5-5
5.9.3. SELECTING THE SIZE OF THE GRAPHIC AREA 5-5
5.9.4. SELECTING THE GRAPHIC DATA 5-5
5.10. SHORT TIME INTEGRATOR 5-6
5.11. ENERGY COMPUTATION 5-6
5.11.1.SET-UP FOR ENERGY MEASUREMENT 5-7
5.11.2.SET-UP FOR CHARGE MEASUREMENT 5-7
5.11.3.STARTING AND STOPPING 5-7
5.11.4. READING ENERGIES AT PRECISE INSTANTS OF
TIME5 5-7
5.12. SCALING OF CURRENT- AND VOLTAGE INPUTS 5-8
5.13. SAVING INSTRUMENT SETTINGS 5-8
5.13.1. THIS IS HOW YOU SAVE YOUR DESIRED
INSTRUMENT SETTING 5-8
5.13.2. THIS IS HOW THE 2400 STARTS UP IN THE DESIRED
CONFIGURATION 5-8
6. OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER USING THE
COMPUTER INTERFACE 6-1
6.1. INTRODUCTION 6-1
6.2. LOCAL AND REMOTE OPERATIONS 6-1
6.3. COMPUTER INTERFACES 6-1
6.4. SETTING INTERFACE PARAMETERS 6-1
6.5. CABLING THE POWER ANALYZER TO A HOST 6-2
6.6. HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES INPUT 6-2
6.6.1. INPUT TERMINATOR 6-3
6.6.2. SENDING COMMANDS TO THE POWER ANALYZER 6-3
6.6.3. HOW THE POWER ANALYZER PROCESSES OUTPUT 6-4
6.6.4.
OPTIMIZING SPEED FOR DATA TRANSFER 6-5
6.7. SERVICE REQUESTS AND STATUS REGISTERS 6-5
6.8. COMPUTER INTERFACE COMMAND SET 6-7
7. THE POWER ANALYZER OPTIONS 7-1
7.1. INSTALLING THE OPTION ASSEMBLY 7-1
7.2. OUTPUT CONNECTORS 7-5
7.3. ANALOG INPUTS 7-6
7.4. FOUR ANALOG OUTPUTS 7-6
7.4.1. ANALOG OUTPUT FOR TOTAL POWER (Option 03A) 7-8
7.5. THREE PHASE SENSOR CURRENT MODUL 0-100A 7-8
7.6. PRINTER OUTPUT 7-8
7.7. EXTERNAL SYNCHRONISATION 7-8
7.8. DISTURBANCE PREVENTION 7-9
8. CALIBRATION PROCEDURE 8-1
8.1. CALIBRATION CYCLE 8-1
8.2. EQUIPMENT NEEDED 8-1
8.3. PREPARING FOR CALIBRATION 8-1
8.4. OFFSET ADJUSTMENT AND CALIBRATION 8-1
8.4.1. VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION 8-2
8.4.2. CURRENT AMPLIFIER OFFSET ADJUSTMENT 8-3
8.4.3. CURRENT AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION 8-3
8.4.4. SHUNT INPUT CALIBRATION 8-3
8.4.5. POWER CALIBRATION 8-3

1-1 1-2
1. SAFETY
Before using the Power Analyzer, read the following safety information carefully. In this manual
„WARNING“ is reserved for conditions that pose hazards to the user; „CAUTION“ is reserved
for conditions that may damage your instrument.
•Avoid working alone.
•Follow all safety procedures for equipment being tested.
•Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation.
•Be sure the Power Analyzer is in good operating condition.
•To avoid electrical shock, use caution when working above 30V dc or rms
•Disconnect the live test leads before disconnecting the common test leads.
•When making a current- or power measurement, turn the circuit power off before connecting
the Power Analyzer in the circuit.
•Switching on inductive loads means large inrush currents. Take precautions to avoid
overloading the current channels by shorting the start-up currents accross the current inputs.
•Switching off inductive loads or switching on rotating loads means large voltages or extremely
fast changing voltages on the Power Analyzer input terminals. Such conditions may damage
the instrument and are potentially hazardous.
•To comply with EN50081-1 the current- and voltage test leads must form 4 windings through
ferrite torroid Philips Type 4322 020 9720 or equivalent. Interface inputs/outputs must be
shielded.
•1kV burst test: use shielded input- and output cables.
•The Power Analyzer complies with the safety standards IEC 1010-1, EN 61010-1.
1.1 WARNINGS
•Before reading the manual or before using this instrument read carefully the warnings below
and make sure you understand them.
•WARNING: Line Power
To avoid shock hazard, connect the instrument power cord to a power receptacle with earth
ground.
•WARNING
The maximum floating voltage above earth ground on the current input terminals and the
voltage Lo-input terminals is 600V. Exceeding these limits poses a hazard to the meter and
operator.
•WARNING
This instrument must be operated by qualified personnel.
•WARNING
Refer all servicing of this instrument to qualified personnel. Before opening case disconnect
all leads connected to the instrument and finally disconnect the power line cord.
•WARNING
The specifications given in this manual solely describe the technical properties of the
instrument. They do not imply any other properties unless it is explicitly said so.
•WARNING
Use of this instrument in life support systems and in systems for people transportation must be
expressly authorized.
The authorization must be signed by the manufacturer of this Power Analyzer.

2-1 2-2
2. INTRODUCING THE POWER ANALYZER
WARNING
Read the „Power Analyzer Safety“ in section 1 of this manual before using the instrument.
This 1- and 3-phase Power Analyzer is designed for bench-top, field service, and system
application.
Some features provided by the Power Analyzer are:
•Large, blue LCD monitor, 120 x 64mm (240x128 pixels).
•Fully menu controlled operation with only 11 membrane keys.
•Meter mode and graphics mode.
•Measures and computes all electrical quantities of current, voltage, power, energy and
harmonics of current, voltage, and power simultaneously.
•Frequency measurement 0.1Hz-500kHz.
•AC, and AC+DC for individual quantities.
•Built-in integrator.
•Harmonic Analysis of current, voltage and power.
•Bar graph and wave form display.
•Wide voltage- and current range (15mA-40A).
•High common mode rejection ratio.
2.1 OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES
Five option packages are available. Options 01 through 03 can be installed at the factory or by the
customer on site. Option 04 must be installed at the factory.
•Option 01 contains the RS-232 serial interface and the Centronics printer output.
•Option 02 contains the RS-232 serial interface, the Centronics printer output, and the IEEE-
488 interface. The IEEE-488 interface complies with the 488.1 and the 488.2 (1987) standard.
•Option 03 contains the RS-232 serial interface, the Centronics printer output, the IEEE-488
interface, four programmable ±5V analog outputs, and eight analog inputs.
•Option 04 contains a 3-phase current sensor module for currents up to 100A, DC-10kHz. The
supply for the current sensor module is provided by the Power Analyzer.
•Option 05 contains a software package under DOS to operate the 1- and 3-Phase Power
Analyzer via RS232 or IEEE-488 interface. You can choose the language (english or german),
command the instrument, read, display, and store data.
•Option 06 contains a comprehensive Lab View driver to operate the Power Analyzer.
•Option 07 contains TTL-input for external synchronisation via analog-in analog-out
connector.
•Option 08 contains three-phase current sensor for 0-1000A, DC-10kHz, 0.5 % accuracy.
Available accessories are described below.
ACS1: Current clamp with connector to the shunt input of the Power Analyzer; range 0-400A,
DC-1kHz, 2 % accuracy.
ACS2: Portable printer (106 x 180 x 88mm) with Centronics interface.
ACS3: Soft carrying case provides protection for the instrument. Ideally suited for service
applications.
ACS4: Set of test leads, max. 32A, 1.5m; 2 red, 2 black.
ACS5: Shunt input connector.
ACS6: Service Manual.
ACS7: Rack Mounting Kit.
2.2 SPECIFICATIONS
This section defines the performance of the Power Analyzer. The user must be aware that exposure
of the Power Analyzer inputs to their maximum value for a prolonged time will result in additional
measurement errors. These errors add to those given in the specification table.
5A input: (I2x 0.004 %/A2) for t >1 minute per 10 minutes
30A input: (I2x 0.0002 %/A2) for t >1 minute per 10 minutes
voltage input: (U2x 0.0000003 %/V2) for t >1 minute per 10 minutes.
Operating the 5A input at elevated currents (>4A) will also affect the 30A input, and visa versa.
Operating temperature range:15°C - 30°C

2-3 2-4
SPECIFICATIONS
Ranges, 8 range 1 -3 -10 -sequence; 0.3V, 1V, 3V, 10V, 30V, 100V, 300V, 1000V. Max. 600Vrms Frequencyrange DC, 0.1Hz -300kHz CrestFactor 4:1 at 50 %full scale (fs) InputImpedance >1M Ω CommonMode 155dB / 95dB
Voltage
Standardaccu racy 23 °±
3°K; rms, mean, rectified mean; for 0.3, 1Vrange, input >50%fs.
1Hz -1kHz ±(0.1 %rdg + 0.1 % range) DC, 1kHz -10kHz ±(0.2 % rdg + 0.2 % range) 10kHz -100kHz ±(0.3 % range + 0.04 %/kHz rdg)* 100kHz -300kHz ±(0.3 % range + 0.04 %/kHz rdg), typic al
Improvedaccuracy ±(0.05 %rdg +0.07 %range) 0.3V, 1V range typical *0.3Vrangetypical
Ranges, 10 ranges 1 -3 -10 -sequence; 15mA, 50mA, 150mA, 500mA, 1.5A, 5A; 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300A.
Max. 5A, resp. 30A
Frequencyrange DC, 0.1Hz -300kHz Cr est Factor 4:1 at 50 % full scale (fs) CommonMode 50Hz/100kHz 160dB/120dB
Current
Standard accuracy23 °±
3°K 5A -/Shunt input 130Ainput 1
1Hz -1kHz ±(0.1 %rdg + 0.1 % range) ±(0.1 % rdg + 0.1 % range) DC, 1kHz -10kHz ±(0.2 % rdg + 0.2 % range) ±(0.9 %r dg +0.2 %range) 10kHz -100kHz ±(0.3 % range + 0.04 %/kHz rdg)* ±(0.3 %range + 0.5 %/kHz rdg) 100kHz -300kHz ±(0.3 % range + 0.04 %/kHz rdg), typical
Improvedaccuracy1Hz -400Hz ±(0.05 % rdg + 0.07 % range) max. 4A, resp. 24A
1For 2 lowest ranges, i nput
>50 %fs
80 ranges corresponding to the products Vx A Frequencyrange DC, 0.1Hz -300kHz
Power
Accuracy23 °±
3°K
1Hz -1kHz Acc accuracypercentagefigures of current andvoltage input, and DC, 1kHz -10kHz add 0.04 %/kHz of Vrms x Arms / PF 10kH z-100kHz
PF = 0 to ±1 PF = 0 to ±1 PF = 1
Frequency 0.1Hz -300kHz, A or V triggered ; Accuracy ±0.1 % Computed Values Accuracy; Reactive Power, Var = ±VA 2–W2)1/2 ; Apparent Power: VA = Arms Vrms;
Power Factor: PF = W/VA; Crest Factor: CF= Ap/Arms, Vp/Vrms; FormFactor: FF = At/Arms, Vt/Vrms; Im pedance: Z = Vrms/Arms; Total Harm Dist: THD = (Irms 2–
Ifund 2)1/2 /Irms
Addaccuracypercentage figures of values involved in computation.
Integrator Energy,Charge;Accuracy Wh, VAh, Varh, Ah; Basic accuracy of integrated quantity.
Fr equencyrangeoffundamental 2.5Hz -100kHz Rangeof harmonic 1-99
Harmonic Analysis
Accuracy,Harmoniccurrentandvoltage 2Hz -1kHz ±(0.2 % rdg + 0.1 % range) 1kHz -10kHz ±(0.5 % rdg + 0.5 % range) 10kHz -100kHz ±(0.7 % range + 0.1 %/kHz rdg), typical
Display Blue liquid crystal graphic display with FL backlight 64 x 120mm; 128 x 240
pixels
Power AC, 50 -400Hz; Fuse: Power 85V -240V; 2AF/30VA Dieletric Strength
Inputs to caseor power supply Line input to case Input to Input
2.5kV/50Hz/1minute 1.5kV/50Hz/1minut e 4kV/50Hz/1minute
Dimension H x Wx D; Weight 150 x 235 x 320mm; 4kg Options IEEE -488 -2, RS232, Centronics printer output
4 Analog outputs, Output impedance 100 Ω 4 Analog inputs, lowrange, input impedance100k Ω 4 Analog inputs, high range, input imped ance 200k Ω Rack mounting kit Humidity: KYG according to DIN 40040, max. 85 % RH non -condensing
0-±5V
0-±5V
0-±10V
Shunt Input Max. 20Vrms
Ranges in mV: 60, 60 √10, 600, 600 √10, 6000, 6000 √10 Accuray: Same as 5A -inp ut Inputimpedance: 200k; input of 60mVcorresponds to 1.0000A
display.

2-3 2-4
3. MATHEMATICAL DEFINITIONS USED BY THE POWER
ANALYZER
RMS-value (1/T
o
T
∫i2dt)1/2
Rectified mean 1/T
o
T
∫|i |dt
Mean value 1/T
o
T
∫i dt
Maximum max. (i) in averaging interval
Minimum min. (i) in averaging interval
Peak-to-peak max. (i) - min. (i) in averaging interval
Average Power P 1/T
o
T
∫u i dt
Apparent Power S RMS current x RMS voltage
Reactive Power Q ±(S2- P2)1/2 for every harmonic
Crest Factor Maximum / RMS-value
Form Factor RMS-value / Rectified mean value
Frequency Number of zero crossings of current or voltage.
Power Factor P/S
Energies, Charge
0
t
∫xdt x=P, S, Q, rect. mean current
Total harm. Distortion THD (Irms2- Ifund2)1/2/Irms
Impedance Vn/In phase n=harmonic 1-99
4. GETTING STARTED
This section explains how to prepare the Power Analyzer for operation, discusses general
operating features, and explains some common measurements.
4.1 FRONT PANEL AND REAR PANEL
The front panel in figure 4.1 shows the graphics display in the center and the control keys to the
right of the front panel. The five cursor control keys are used to move the cursor in 4 directions
and select instrument settings with the SET-key.
The six menu control keys at the bottom of the control field are used to select the menus or
settings shown at the bottom of the LCD.
The keys are ergonomically positioned for swift function selection.
Fig. 4.1 Power Analyzer Front panel
NOTE: RMS-, rectified mean-, mean-, maximum-, minimum-, and peak-to-peak value
apply to current and voltage.
Energies apply to real-, apparent-, and reactive power. Charge applies to rectified
mean current only.
Total harmonic distortion applies to current and voltage.

4-2 4-3
The rear panel shown in figure 4.2 contains the input terminals on the right hand side. The Hi- and
Lo-voltage terminals are at the top. Below are the current input terminals, two red terminals for 5A
and 30A with one common Lo terminal. The shunt input is equipped with a short connector. When
not in use, this short connector must be installed.
The three phase Power Analyzer has the inputs for phase 1 (L1) to the right, phase 2 (L2) inputs
are in the middle, and phase 3 (L3) inputs to the left.
On the left hand side of the rear panel are, from top to bottom, the RS-232 interface connector, the
IEEE-488 interface connector, the centronics printer connector, and the analog in- and output
connector.
To the far left is the power line cord connector for 50/60Hz line voltages in the range 85V to
265V.
Fig. 4.2 Power Analyzer Rear Panel
4.2 ADJUSTING THE OPTIMAL VIEWING ANGLE
Operating the Power Analyzer on a table you may want to tilt the instrument. This can be done by
rotating forward the stand-offs at the bottom plate.
4.3 LINE POWER
WARNING
To avoid shock hazard, connect the Power Analyzer line cord to a receptacle with earth ground.
Plug the line cord into the connector on the rear of the instrument. It will operate on any line
voltage between 85V ac and 265V ac without adjustment, and any frequency between 50 and
400Hz.
4.4 TURNING THE POWER ANALYZER ON
To turn the instrument on activate the power line switch located near the power receptacle on the
rear panel.
When the instrument is turned on the display is set to its start-up configuration with all values set
to zero for about 2 seconds while the instrument performs an internal self test. After this self test
the power analyzer assumes its initial setting as follows: the first line of the display number field
shows the RMS current and the RMS voltage. The second line shows power and frequency of
current, and the third line shows apparent power and power factor.
The fourth and fifth lines are graphic area. At start-up the harmonic bar graph of current is
displayed. The horizontal scale is numbered 0-59 referring to the harmonics of current (N=0 is the
DC component) and the vertical scale gives the magnitudes of the harmonics of mA or A.
A 3-phase instrument will display values from phase L1.
4.5 USING THE FUNCTION KEYS
The two key control fields to the right of the front panel contains 11 keys. At the top is the cursor
control field, at the bottom is the menu control field.
The basic use of the two key control fields is as follows:
The cursor key control field is used to move the cursor to the desired position on the display.
Pressing the SET-key means that you want to modify this position; this can be a position to the
very left of the display (annunciator field) such as 5A/30A input selection, or current range- or
voltage range selection, or synchronisation to I or U (current or voltage of phase L1), or selection
of averaging time or selection of phase L1, L2, L3, or ALL display.
When you move the cursor to the display number field the display can be reconfigured, that is, you
can place at the selected position a different quantity.

4-4 4-5
The menu-key control field consists of keys M1 through M6 and go with the 6 menus shown
along the bottom of the display. These menus are dynamically changing, depending on the cursor
position and other action you may take.
4.6 SELECTING A MEASUREMENT RANGE
When turning on the Power Analyzer the range selection is automatic. This is indicated by the
range annunciators on the left hand side of the display, e.g. 1A A/ 300mV A. To select the 5A- or
30A current input proceed as follows: Move the cursor to the „IN 5A“ annunciator and press the
SET-key. A pull down menu gives you 3 choices IN 5A/IN 30A/SHUNT. Now move the cursor
to the 5A- or 30-A input annunciator and press the SET-key. The choice of current input depends
on the maximum current flowing in your circuit to be measured.
The A at the end of the range annunciator indicates autoranging.
To select a current range move the cursor to the current range annunciator and press the SET-key.
A pull-down menu of the possible ranges appears. Move the cursor to the desired range and press
the SET-key. The range annunciator with the new range is now displayed and furthermore, the M
indicates manual ranging for current. Note that in the Three Phase Power Analyzer the ranges of
the channels L1, L2, L3 are the same.
WARNING
Make sure not to overload current inputs, damage may occur to the instrument. Make sure when
wiring the power analyzer in a circuit that you are wiring the correct current input (5A or 30A) and
make sure to select the correct input on the power analyzer front panel (IN 5A or IN 30A).
4.7 TAKING SAME BASIC POWER MEASUREMENTS
WARNING
Read the Power Analyzer safety before operating this instrument.
The following procedures describe the basics of taking common power measurements operating
the Power Analyzer from the front panel. These procedures are provided for the user who needs to
get started quickly.
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock or damage to the Power Analyzer, do not apply more than 850V peak
between any terminal and earth ground.
The user should be well aware of the fact, that switching off inductive loads may generate
extremely fast and high voltage transients exceeding above limits.
To measure voltage, current, power and related quantities in a 3-phase circuit connect the test
leads as shown in figure 4.3 and described below.
Fig. 4.3 Power Analyzer Wireing in 3-Phase circuit
•Turn off power in the circuit to be measured.
•Break the circuit in each phase and connect phase L1 to the current input 1, phase L2 to
current input 2, and phase L3 to current input 3. The current flows from source to load; as a
consequence you must connect the Hi current inputs to the source side and the Lo current
inputs to the load side.
•L1, L2, and L3 are connected to the Hi voltage inputs. All three Lo voltage input terminals are
connected together and are connected to neutral in a 4-wire circuit. If you have no neutral
available (3-wire circuit) connect the voltage Lo-terminals to the grounding post on the Power
Analyzer.
•Switch on the Power Analyzer (it will be in automatic ranging). Select the correct current input
IN 5A or IN 30A as described in 4.6.
•Turn on power to the load to be measured.
•The Power Analyzer will automatically select the voltage range and displays the following six
electrical quantities (display top to bottom) RMS-current, RMS-voltage, power, frequency,
apparent power, and power factor of phase L1.
The bar graph of current shows the harmonic content of phase L1.
•Use the side menu to display values from phase L2, L3, and ALL.

5-1 5-2
5. OPERATING THE POWER ANALYZER FROM THE
FRONT PANEL
This section explains how to operate the instrument from the front panel.
5.1 INTRODUCTION
This Power Analyzer is a very advanced measuring system, equipped with features not known to
similar instruments. For example, you can select dc- or ac-coupling for individual quantities, you
can choose those quantities you want to integrate, you can combine meter mode and graphics
mode, you can obtain harmonic analysis while the Power Analyzer is running in the meter mode.
This, and much more make this instrument a valuable tool in a wide range of applications.
5.2 FRONT PANEL OPERATIONS
The following operations can be performed from the front panel:
•Select manual or automatic ranging.
•Select the 5A-, 30A-, or shunt input.
•Select a current or a voltage range valid for phase L1, L2, and L3.
•Select the measurement time.
•Select AC- or DC-coupling for individual quantities.
•Select integration for individual quantities.
•Select display configuration.
•Select display of a single phase L1, L2, or L3.
•Select display „ALL“ of all 3 phases.
•Select display HOLD.
•Select graphics mode.
•Select current- and voltage scaling.
•Select input- output configuration.
5.3 CURRENT INPUT SELECTION
You have the choice of selecting one of three inputs 5A-, 30A-, and shunt input.
CAUTION
Due to different overload conditions of the current inputs you should, at all times, know which one
of the inputs is in use.
If you are using the 5A input you must select the 5A input indicated by the input annunciator IN
5A or IN 30A. If it is not already selected proceed as follows: move the cursor to the input
annunciator, press the SET-key. A pull-down menu appears for selection of the desired input.
With cursor and SET you select the 5A current input. Now the current ranges are 15mA, 50mA,
150mA, 500mA, 1.5A, 5A, and 15A and the current display is scaled correctly.
Similarly, you select the 30A input with ranges 1A, 3A, 10A, 30A, 100A, and 300A.
Finally, selecting the current shunt input will set the input ranges to 60mV, 60mV√10, 600mV,
600mV√10 6V, and 6V√10 with a sensitivity of 1A/60mV. Using the scaling capabilities of the
Power Analyzer will give you direct read out in ampere for your shunt or your current clamp (with
voltage output).
5.4 RANGE SELECTION / AUTO RANGE SELECTION
To select a current range move the cursor to the current range annunciator. Press the SET-key. A
pull-down menu appears with the available ranges. Move now the cursor to the desired range and
press the SET-key again to select that range. The current input is now in manual ranging indicated
by the Min the range annunciator.
In similar manner a voltage range is selected. Once you have selected a current range the current
input of the power analyzer is in manual ranging. You can bring it back to autoranging as follows:
Move the cursor to the current range annunciator. The second menu at the bottom of the display
shows „AUTO“. If you press the menu control key M2 the current range annunciator changes to
A at its very end indicating autoranging.
Similarly you proceed to set the voltage input to autoranging.
5.5 SELECTING SYNCHRONIZATION
Synchronization to current or voltage of phase 1 is possible. This synchronization is required for
the frequency measurement and partially also for the harmonic analysis. Furthermore, the display
values show better stability when synchronization is properly selected. In a 3-phase Power
Analyzer synchronization to current or voltage of phase 1 is performed.
For selection of synchronization the following criteria applies:

5-3 5-4
•Choose current synchronization when you are measuring current, voltage, and power.
•Choose voltage synchronization when you are measuring voltage only.
To select the type of synchronization you need move the cursor to the ∼I / ∼U annunciator and
press the SET-key. A pull-down menu appears. Move the cursor to the required label and press
the SET-key again!
5.6 SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT TIME
The measurement time sets the minimum time for signal averaging as well as the time for display
update. It can be varied from 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, to 2 seconds.
Furthermore, this averaging time is expanded to the end of the next signal period. This results in
stable readings down to 1Hz, frequency down to 0.1Hz. To select the measurement time move the
cursor to the measurement time annunciator and press the SET-key. The pull-down menu gives
you five choices. Select the one you need by moving the cursor to the desired position. Press the
SET-key to select the desired measurement time.
5.7 SELECTION OF AC- OR DC+AC-COUPLING
Coupling pertains to some, not all, measured quantities. AC-coupling is possible for the rms
values, for active-, apparent-, and reactive power, and for power factor.
Move the cursor to the quantity you want to change the coupling, e.g. rms current. The second
menu at the bottom of the display shows AC/DC and an annunciator DC+AC or AC on the left
side of the display indicates the presently set coupling for the selected measurement value. The
second menu key toggles the coupling from DC+AC to AC and vise versa.
Selecting AC means that this measurement value is without a possible dc-component and DC+AC
coupling means it is including the dc-component.
5.8 CHANGING THE DISPLAY CONFIGURATION
You have the choice of selecting 8 current values: rms, mean, rectified mean, crest factor,
minimum, maximum, peak-to-peak, and form factor. 8 values four voltage, four power related
quantities, frequency, three energies, charge, and harmonics of current , voltage, and power.
Any one of these measured values you can place at any location on the display. We recommend to
place the most important quantities at the top of the display.
This is how you modify the display, at one place, for example, the quantity at the bottom of the
first column.
Move the cursor to this location and press the SET-key. A table appears in which you can select
the quantity of your choice by moving the cursor to this position in the table. Press the SET-key to
place the new quantity on the display.
NOTE: When you make above changes they will be valid for phase L1, L2, and L3. The 3-phase
display „ALL“ is changed accordingly.
5.8.1 CHANGING THE HARMONIC NUMBER
When you have a harmonic value (current, voltage, or power) displayed in the display number
field you can change its harmonic number from 1-99 in the following manner: Move the cursor to
the position of the harmonic value. The harmonic annunciator N= .. on the left of the display
indicates the harmonic number.
The menus at the bottom of the display give you 4 choices to increment the harmonic number in
steps ±1 and ±10. Together with display HOLD this is a convenient way to step through the
harmonics.
5.9 MAIN MENU SELECTION
Move the cursor to the annunciator field on the left hand side of the display. The main menu
„HOLD, AUTO, PRINT, SPLIT, VIEW, SETUP“ appears at the bottom of the display.
NOTE: AUTO is displayed only when the cursor is moved downwards to the current- or voltage
range annunciator. AUTO applies to autoranging of current or voltage.
The menus are entered with the control keys M1 through M6.
5.9.1 DISPLAY HOLD
The measurement process and the display update can be stopped by pressing the menu control key
M1. The annunciator HOLD appears. A complete set of data from the latest measurement
interval is stored. To resume the measurement update, press key M1 again.
While the Power Analyzer is in HOLD you can inspect every measurement value by altering the
number field, e.g. you can step through every harmonic value of current, voltage, or power; you
can change the graphic area and view the harmonic bar graph of current, voltage, or power; or you
can display the wave form of current or voltage.