Becton Dickinson Clay Adams 0591 User manual

READACRIT
Centrifuge
[Model Nos. 0591 and 0592]
AND
MP
READACRIT
Centrifuge
[Model Nos. 0593 and 0594
OPERATORS
MANUAL
Clay Adams ς
Dra. mon ο =
ER id
BECTON
- 00050

READACRIT
Centrifuge
Model No. 0591 [115 volts} Model No.0592 [220 volts]
MP READACRIT
Centrifuge
Model No. 0593 1115 voltsl Model No.0594 [220 volts]
OPERATORS MANUAL
Read this manual thoroughly before operating equipment.
ADAMS, PRE-CAL, READACRIT, MP READACRIT, REDI-LANCE
SEAL-EASE, SEDI-CAL, SEDI-STAIN, VACUTAINER, Ciay Adams,
and (A are trademarks of Becton Dickinson and Company.
Copyright © 1985 by CLAY ADAMS, Division of Becton Dickinson and Company.

Should the power cord and plug become cracked, frayed, broken or otherwise
damaged, they should be replaced immediately by a qualilied serviceman.
Unplug the power cord before servicing. The operator shouid not perform any
servicing oxcept as specifically stated in this manual, Refer other servicing to
your nearest Clay Adams dealer or call Clay Adams Technical Servico Depart-
ment: [phone],
C. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
1. Micro-Homatacnt Mathod
Micro methods far the determination of hematocrits have been widely used tn
clinical laboratories for many years. The results of micro-hematocrit detor-
minations are recognized as heiog fully equivalent to the results of macro
determinatlons. The macro method of Wintrobe!"! requires at least 1 mi of
blood and up to 30 minutes of centrifugation, The more commonly used micro
methods utilize approximately 65 cu. mm. 1,065 mi) of blood and require only
about 5 minutes of centrifugation,
The usual micro technique for determining hematocrit utilizes a small glass
capillary tube, internally coatod with an anticoagulant {heparin}, This capillary
tube ls filled with blood usually obtained from a finger-puncture. One end of
the cepillary tube is sealed with plastic clay (Figure 1), and the tube is placed in
a spacial micro-hematocrit cantrifuge, where it is rotated at high speed for about
5 minutes, After centrifugation, the blood sample is separated into two fractions
(Figure 21, a column of packed red cells and a column of clear plasma.
ke Blood Di
()———— <)
Sanlirg Clay
Figure 1. Cipillary Tube with Whole Blood, Seated for Centrifugation.
Thea hematocrit is defined as the ratio of the volume of packed red colls to the
volume of the original blood sumple, multiplied by 100. Since the capillary tubo
is of uniform bore, the hematacrit may be easily determined by measuring the
two lengths as shown in Figure 2. The hematecrit value may then be redefined
as follows:
HEMATOCRIT= (lungth of column 61 packed red culla avarali bengih sf blood sample) x 100
do Mood Sampla — >
ea IT)
Sasling Clay ——S
H—- ; Plasma ーー Pe— Packed [tnd Cots —>|
Figure 2. Capillary Tube Afrer Contefugatton,
Usually the treo lengths are measured with the aid of special mechanical reading
2.

devices. Such devices present the final hematocrit value without requiring any
computation by the operator.
2. READACRIT Centrifuge Principte
The READACRIT Centrifuge incorporates a built-in hematocrit scale and
tube-holding compartments which, when used vith special pre-calibrated capillery
tubes, permit the direct-reading of hematocrit by messuring the length of the
packed red cell column. It is not necessary to measure the overall length of blood
used, since this length remains unchanged from one sample to the next.
The READACRIT Centrifuge is desiqned to be used with haperinizad PRE-CAL
Capillary Tubes.” A PRE-CAL Capillary Tube is 75 mm long and bears a
calibration mark 60 mm from one end. The length of the built-in scale in the
READACRIT Centrifuge is exactly the same as tha length of the calibrated
portion of the tube. The volume of blood used is only about 15 cu. mm (0.015 mi).
Figure 3 illustrates the READACRIT Centrifuge MHCT principle, in this case
yielding a hematocrit value of 30, A PRE-CAL Tube was first filled with blood
zo the calibration mark and then centrifuged. As shown in Figure 3, the length
of the packed red cell column when measured against the centrifuge scale equals
the hematocrit.
READACRIT Centrifuge Scale (simpiittodi Seating
© Clay
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PLASMA E
Red Cells
Figure 3. PRE-CAL Capillary Tube (calibration mark not own)
Containing Blood Swnple After Centrifugatian.
3. SEDI-CAL Tube Principle
In healthy individuals, urine usually contains very little sediment. There may ba
a small number of hyaline casts, epithelial calls, bacterial mucus threads, crystals
and some amorphous materials, An occasional leucocyte and erythrocyte may
aiso be seen, !7)
In renal parenchyma! disease, the uring usually contains increased numbers of
cells and casts from an organ which is otherwise accessible only by biopsy or at
operation.)
Microscopic examination of urinary sediment is a semi-quantitative procedure,
which, while not intended as в substitute for more exact enumeration techniques
such as the Addis Count'*!, is a valuable method for determining the state of
health of the urinary tract. Elements, which are too few in number to be
observed in a specimen prepared for counting, may be observed in the concen-
trated sediment and may be of great diagnostic or prognostic importance 5
“PRE-CAL Capillary Tubos contain 0.5 (minimum US P units of ammonium heparin per ruba
3.

The usual sedimentation equipment and
the techniques DAS permit a consider-
able range in sadiment concentration, The
SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tube {Figure 4) has
bean designed to standardize the concen-
tration of urine sediment, thereby provi-
ding improved reliability in estimating the
quantitites of various materials present. Figure 4, SEDI-CAL Centrifugo Tube/Cap.
The disposable SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tube provides a rapid means for obtaining
reproducible concentrations of uring sediment; sediment can then be studied
microscopieally, directly on the optical examination plateau of the SEDI-CAL
Cap itself. Test tube racks, pipettes and separate microscope slides are not
needed,
In using the SEDI-CAL Tube {Figure 5), the tube is first filled with urine to the
upper calibration mark, then centrifuged on the MP READACAIT Centrifuge
to deposit the sediment İn a special reservoir at the bottom of the tubo. The
supernatant is then poured out, but the reservoir remains full due to atmospheric
pressure and surface tension, Since the reservoir retains about 1/20 the volume
of the filled tube, the sediment will be repsatedly concentrated into a standard
volume of urine.
=
k i
№ El
” $ stain
Fill tube and j Pour off ond resuspend
with urine... centrifuge. supernatant... sediment.
Figure 5. Steps to Standard Urine Sediment Samples Using SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tube.
D. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS
1. Description
The READACRIT Contrifuge {Figure 6) and MP READACRIT Centrifuge
{Figure 7} stand on a base assembly supported by 3 rubber feet which prevent
the instrument from creeping. A timer assembly which operates an ON-OFF
switch is mounted on the base assembly, Behind the timer knob is a plate,
calibrated in incrementa Up to a 5-minute spinning cycla.
Mounted atop the base is the bowl assembly which contains the rotating
centrifuge head. Attached to tha head are PRE-CAL Tube compertments with
numberéd slots for holding up to six PRE-CAL Capillary Tubes. The tubes are
secured during centrifugation by the head cover. The head is tilted forward for
4.

Figure G. READACRIT Cantrifuge Figura 7, MP READACRIT Contrifuge far
for Direct Reading of Direct Reading of Wiğro-Hematocviis and
Micro-Hernotocrits. for Obtainina Bluod Separations, Spain
fluid Exudste and Transudate Sediments,
and Urine Sedimenia tions,
convenient reading of the capillary tubes. An adjustable magnifier is provided ta
sid in reading the hematocrit scale.
AL right angles to the PRE-CAL Tube compartment, on the MP READACRIT
Centrifuge only, are holders for centrifuging two SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tubes.
Hinged, numbered cavers on the tube holders secure the SEDI-CAL Tubes during
œntrilugation.
A clear plastic top cover is hinged to the rear of the bow! assernbly. A latch is
mounted on the front of the top cover, The latch is locked by pushing it down
into the latch block and safety switch assembly on the front of the guard bovd.
The motor will not operate unless the cover is seourely latched,
2. Specifications
LI Speed:
Model Nos. 0591 and 0582 8000 rpm + 10%
Мода! Nos. 0593 and 0594 7000 rpm (minimum), with filled SEDI-CAL,
Tubes installed.
[I Nominal Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF):
Model Nos. 0591 and 0592 53009
Model Nos, 0593 and 0694 4750 g, with filled SEDI-CAL Tubas installed.
C Hematocrit Time: 5 minutes + 30 seconds.
[1 Motor: Universal type — all models.
5.

|! Dimensions and Weights:
Height 7%"
Width sur
Depth 9%" {including hinge and front latch block)
Net Weight 7.5 Ibs.
Shipping Weight Model Nos. 0591 and 0592—10.5 Ibs.
Mode! Nos. 0593 and 0594—11.5 lbs,
O Power Cord—both models:
Equipped with a 6-foot, U.L.-listed power cord with strain-relief and three-
prong plug.
_J Power Requirements:
Model Nos. 9597 and 0593: 115 volts AC, 50-60 Hz, 1.4 Amps
Modet Nos. 0592 and 0594: 220 valts AC, 50 Hz, 0.7 Amps
E. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Connect the READACRIT Centrifuge to a 3-wire grounded AC receptacle rated
for the particular model.
b.
. Centrifuging PRE-CAL Tubes
CAUTION.
Connect only to a 3-wire grounded receptacle. Where only a 2-vare
receptacle is available, replace with a properly grounded 3-wira racap-
tacle, Do not remove grounding prong from povrer plug of Centrifuge.
If an extension cord is required, usa only a 3-wire (grounded) extension
cord rated at 15 amps.
Opening Top Cover
Pull the battom of flexible plastic latch
cut, as shown in Figure B, until the
cover maps open.
Unlocking Mead Cover
Unlock the head cover by rotating the
head cover Knob s quarter-turn clockwise,
a: directed on the cover [Figure 9]. Ro-
move head cover from head,
Figure & Opening Cover Latch
. Placing PRE-CAL Tubes in Head
Place the blood-fillod PRE-CAL Capillary Tubes in the numbered slots of the
PRE-CAL Tube Compartment with the sealed ends near the outer edge of the
head (zero end of printed scale), Slide the tubes so that the sealed ends press
against the black rubber gasket (Figure 10), Six tubes, 3 per compartment, can
be centrifuged simultaneously. Care should be taken to record the number of
6.

Ч.
Figure 9. READACRIT Centrifuge With Plead Cover Unlocked eft) and Locked (right).
the stot used for esch patients blood specimen, When loading more than 1,
but fess than S tubes, balance the head by loading the opposite numbered
slots (i.e., load no, 1, 4, 2, 5 in this sequence),
Figure 10, Placenent of Glood-Filled PRE-CAL Tubes in READACRIT Centrifuge.
NOTE: Failure to balance the head in this manner may cause a slight increase
in noise if all slots on one side of the centrifuge arg empty. However, this
imbalance will not affect operation of the centrifuge or accuracy of the
determination,
Locking Head Cover
When the PRE-CAL Tubes are in position, replace the head cover, Make
certain that the cover is completely within the compartment recess. Lock the
head cover securaly by turning the head cover knob e quarter-turn clockwise,
as directed on the cover (sae Figure 9}. CAUTION; DO NOT OPERATE THE
CENTRIFUGE UNLESS THE HEAD COVER HAS BEEN LOCKED IN
PLACE,

e. Closing Top Cover
Before closing the top cover, make
certain that the magnifier is out of the
way in the down position. Close the
cover, Lock the cover latch by pushing
down until it snaps into place in the
latch block (Figure 11). The safety
switch, engaged by this action vrill
permit operation of the motor.
f. Starting Centrifuge Motor Figure 11. Locking Cover Lstch,
Rotate the timer knob cfockwise to the stop. This action will start the motor
which ‘will reach full speed almost instantly, The motor will continue to
operate for & minutes before stopping automatically.
To operate for more than 5 minutes: Recycle the centrifuge by turning the
timer knob.
To operate for less than 5 minutes: The timer is provided vith calibrations at
1, 2 and 5 minutes. The motor will operate if the knob is set at any inter-
mediate position betwoen O and 5, provided the top cover è closed and the
latch is engaged. The knob must first be turned clockwise far enough so that
a click is beard; it may then be reset back, if required. To stop the centrifuge
before the reset cycle has been completed, merely turn the knob back to
zero.
CAUTION:
DO NOT ОРГМ ТОР COVER OF CENTRIFUGE UNTIL SPINNING
HEAD HAS STOPPED.
Once the head has stopped completely, release latch, open top cover, and unlock
head cover by rotating Knob clockwise a quarter-turn, The PRE-CAL Tubes may
now be read.
2. Centrifuging SEDI-CAL Tubes
Cantrifugation of SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tubes can only be performed with the
MP READACRIT Centrifuge.
NOTE:
The READACRIT Centrifuge can be converted to accept SEDI-CAL
Tubes by using a Clay Adams Conversion Kit, Catalog No. 0599.
Open the top cover of the centrifuge, as described previously and proceed as
follows:
a. Lift one of the two hinged covers on the SEDI-CAL Tube Holder. Place the
SEDI-CAL Tube in the holder vrith its cap toward the center, as shoven in
Figure 12,
b. Balance the first SEDI-CAL Tube with a second tube filled to within 1/4-inch
of the same height, placed in opposite holder. NEVER ATTEMPT TO
CENTRIFUGE JUST ONE SEDI-CAL TUBE, If the first SEDI-CAL Tube has
been tilled to within 1/8-inch of the calibration mark, the Special Balance
8.

Tube may be used in the other holder.
The balance tube, shown in Figure 12,
eliminates the need for filling a second
SEDI-CAL Tube when only one sample
is to be centrifuged,
NOTE: EXCESSIVE MACHINE NOISE
OR VIBRATION USUALLY MEANS
THAT THE TUBES ARE NOT PROP-
ERLY BALANCED.
c. Be sure SEDI-CAL Tubes are placed
with caps toward center locking knob,
d. Close both hinged holder covers
e. Close top cover of MP READACRIT
Centrifuge in accordance with previous figure 12 MP READACRIT Centrifuge
Inserueti with Filiod SEDI-CAL Tube (left)
HISTIUCTIONS, and Balance Tube (right).
3. Use of MP READACRIT Centrifuge for Simultaneous Determinations
The PRE-CAL Tube compartment and the SEDI-CAL Tube hoider of the MP
READACRIT Centrifuge can be used simultaneously. Fallow the directions
given for each procedure, with the exception that centrifugation time is additive.
For example, if the cantrifuge is loaded with urine-filled SEDI-CAL Tubes and
PRE-CAL Capillary Tubes, centrifuge the SEDI-CAL Tubes for 1 minute and
remove; centrifuge capillary tubes an additional 4 minutes, for a total of 5
minutes.
F. CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
READACRIT Centrifuges are fixed-speed devices. The speeds may be measured
with any accurate tachometer, such as an ADAMS Photo Electric Tachometer,
Model 5205, Mechanical tachometers that contact the rotor are 10 be avoided,
It the machine speed is found to be outside specified limits {see Performance and
Specifications, above), then the supply voltage should be checked with an
yocurate monitor. The speeds ere specified only for 115 volts, 60 Hz for Model
Nos. 0591 and 0593, and 220 volts, 50 Hz for Model Nos. 0592 and 0594. Devia-
tions in either line voltage or frequency will affect operating spead. If speeds are
autside specified limits, contact your nearest franchised Clay Adams equipment
dealer for service, or contact Clay Adems Technical Service Department: (201)
887-4800.
G. OPERATING PRECAUTIONS
1. Basie Precautions
In order to obtain properly centrifuged spacimens, as well a5 to prevent damage
to READACRIT Centrifuges, the following basic operating precautions shauld
be carefully observed:
O Electrical: Operate the Centrifuge only from an AC power source rated for
the particular centrifuge.

Г] Load Balancing: For smooth operation and long service life of the READA-
CRIT Centrifuges, it is important that loads be balanced as equally as
possible. Equally important to balancing is the even distribution of material
to be centrifuged. Follow the distribution instructions included in this Manual.
[I Installing Head Cover: Always install the head cover before operating the
centrifuge.
C1 Timing: For accurate results, follow the recommended timing routines
specified in this Manual.
O MHCT Readings: Accurate microfhematoceit determinations depend upon
proper blood collection and handling techniques, Carefully observe the
procedures described in this Manual.
Cl Cleanliness: Keep centrifuge clean and dust-free in accordance with Main-
tenance and Service Instructions supplied in this Manual. Avoid spilling
liquids into the centrifuga bowl.
2. Operator Training
READACRIT Centrifuges are electrical instruments designed ta produce quan-
titative micra-hematocrit determinations for medical purposes. The use of this
instrument for patient medical evaluation places a responsibility upon admin-
istrative personnel for adequate training Of operators in the sofe and eftective
use of the equipment.
Administrative personnel should make certain that all operators and technicians
receive adequate training before being allowed to operate the centrifuges. Such
training should include a thorough working Knowledge of:
LI Centrifuge Set-up and Power Requirements,
17 Handling and Preparation at Blood Samples,
© Reading of Micro-hematacrit Values,
DO Urine Sedimentation Techniques, and
C Equipment Service and Maintenance.
H. HAZARDS
Basle safety precautions should be observed when operating Centrifuges in order
to avoid the hazards of electrical shock or other physical injury.
READACRIT Contrifuges are not to be used in Class 1, Division 1, Group C
hazardous locations, defined by the National Fire Protection Association, Bulletin
No. 564 (Inhalation Anesthatics), as extending upssard to a level of 5 feet above
the floor where flammable anesthetics are used,
To Avold Elactrical Shock:
[7 Plug the power cord only into a grounded 3-wire receptacle.
다 Never remove the grounding prong from the power plus,
Always unplug the power cord before attempting to service thé centrifuge,
( immediately replace worn or damaged power cord or plug.
10.

To Avoid Physical Injury:
O) Never, under any condition, open the lid of the centrifuge while the rotor
is spinning,
I. SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
Care has been taken to assure that every component of the READACRIT
Centrifuge delivers long, trouble-free service. Instruments are fully guaranteed
ageinst defects in workmanship and materials for a period of one year, provided
they have not been subjected to abusa or misuse.
Service and maintenance that can be performed by operating personnel are
described below, Refer all other service and repairs to your nearest franchised
Clay Adams equipment dealer, or contact Clay Adams Technical Service
Department: [phone].
1. Lubrication
Both models of the READACRIT Centrifuge have pre-lubricated sleeve-type
bearings which require no lubrication during the lifetime of the machine,
2. Tube Compartment Gaskets
After prolonged use, the gaskets in the
PRE-CAL Tube Compartments in the
centrifuge head may become punctured
and worn, Replace them, as shown in |
Figure 13, with the extra set of gaskets
supplied with the centrifuge. Additional
gaskets may be ordered under Clay Adams
Catalog No. 0591-617-000,
3. Brushes, Motor, Timer and Ce
Safety Switch >
Occasionally, it will be necessary todisas o»
semble the READACRIT Centrifuge in =
PL
order to inspect or replace internal parts. o çö ©.
Detailed disassembly procedures are con ^ ==
tained in Apperdix B of this Manual. figure 13, Reolacing Morn Tube Gosker.
CAUTION:
DISCONNECT POWER CORD FROM WALL RECEPTACLE
BEFORE DISASSEMBLING THE READACRIT CENTRIFUGE.
a. Brushes: Brushes should be inspected after 2500 operating cycles, equivalent
to about 1 year of usa where tha centrifuge has been operated on an average
of 10 times per day. If overall length of the brushes is less than 1/4-inch
{induding the round shoulder), they should be replaced. See Appendix A,
and be sure to order the correct Clay Adams replacement Motor Brush Kit.
To inspect the brushes, the motor must be removed in accordance with the
disassembly instructions contained in Appendix B.
11.

hb, Motor, Timer and Safety Switch: Should any of these assemblies become
defective, replace them with the following Clay Adame parts:
Motor (115 volts): Catalog No. 0591-600-000
Motor (220 volts); Catalog No, 0597-600-000
Timer with knob: Catalog No. 0592-601-000
Safety Switch: Catalog No. 0591-602-101
4. Cleaning
lt is recommended that interior and exterior surfaces of Ihe centrituge bowl,
head, bead cover and lid be wiped occasionally with a damp cloth. A mild
detergant may be used to remove stains, Keeping these parts clean will prolong
the life of the cantrifuge.
The transparent cover of the centrifuge is made of a hatter-proof polycarbonate
resin, resistant to a wide range of laboratory chemicals. It is recommended,
however, that the cover be kept clean and that spillage be wiped off as soon as
possible. A mild detorgent should be used. Do not use carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, gasoline or acetone, Other chemicals, such as aromatic hydrocarbons,
(benzene, toluene, xylene) and strong alkalies, (sodium and ammoniurn hydrox:
ide) can damage the cover.
5. Transporting Centrifuge
Though the READACRIT Centrifuge can withstand the rigors of normal labar-
atery use, it can be damaged by dropping or by excessive abuse in handling. If
the centrifuge must be shipped, package it carefully in a strong, shock-proof
container to prevent damage fram vibration and impact.
6, Spare Parts and Accessories
Spare Parts and Accessories for the READACRIT Centrifuges can be obtained
through your nearest Clay Adams equipment dealer, Spare part numbers are
listed in Appendix A,
lil. SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND PREPARATION
A. FOR MICRO-HEMATOCRIT DETERMINATIONS
Procedures for filling and handling PRE-CAL Tubes with patient blood samples
taken from finger punctures or from venipunctures are described below:
1. Finger Puncture Blood
a. Filling PRE-CAL Tube:
(1). Puncture the fingertin with a REDI-LANCE Blood Lancet or equivalent
disposable lancet.
12). Grasp the end of a PRE-CAL Tube nearest the calibration mark, between
the thumb and forefinger. Bo not obscure calibration mark.
(3. Insert the end farthest from the calibration mark into the center of the
drop of blood on the finger. NOTE: THE FINGERTIP SHOULD NEVER BE
TIGHTLY SQUEEZED TO INCREASE BLOOD FLOW. Squeczing the finger
will difute the blood specimen with tissue fluid and cause a falsely low
hematocrit reading. Hold the tubs level (in a horizontal position) and observe
the blood level as it approaches the calibration mark.
12.

(4). FILL THE TUBE EXACTLY TO
THE CALIBRATION MARK, The rate
of filling may be accelerated by tilting
the end near the callbratlon mark be-
los horizontal, The rate may be retard.
ed, stopped or reversed by tilting the
same end above horizontal. (Figure 14),
151, When blood reaches the calibration
mark, remove the tube from the finger,
holding it level so that blood cannot
flow out the and.
NOTE: In the event the tube has been
accidently filled beyond the calibra-
tion mark, remove the excess blood
by gently dabbing the wet tip with a
cotton or gauze sponge.
(6). Tilt the tube until blood flows
about 1/8" in frorn the blood collecting
tip {Figure 151. Then return tube to a
horizontal position so that no blood
is lost.
(71. Wips any blood from the outside
of the tube with a lint-free tissue.
1, Sealing PRE-CAL Tube:
Invert the tube so that the blood-free
end nearest the calibration mark is
directed downward, Immediately insert
blood-free end into the SEAL-EASE
Tube Holder as shown in Figure 16
Push the tube fully into the clay be
fore blood flows to the clean end. The
tube is now ready for centrifugation.
NOTE: If blood reaches the end of the
tube before SEAL-EASE Tube Sealer
is forced in, some blood-may be lost
and the clay will not seal,
2. Venipuncture Blood
Figure 14. Tir PRE CAL Tube ro
Regulate Blood Flow.
Figure 15. Remove Blood from
Collecting Tip.
Fiera 16. Insoart Bload.Fres End into
SEAL-EASE Tube Hofder,
Blood from venipunctures can be collected with oither a standard syringe or a
VACUTAINER Brand Blood Collection Tube. To prepare věnous blood for a
hamatocrit determination, proceed as follows:
a. After collecting the patient specimen, mix the blood thoroughly by inverting
the VACUTAINER Blood Collection Tube or syringe several times. Remove
the VACUTAINER Blood Collection Tube needle and adapter. If using a
syringe, transfer specimen to a clean test tube. Immediately fill PRE-CAL
Tube as described below,
13.

4.
. THE TUBE MUST BE FILLEO Ex-
. Grasp the end of the PRE-CAL Tube nearest the calibration mark between
the thumb and forefinger. Do not obscure the calibration mark.
Tilt the VACUTAINER Blood Collection Tube or test tube to a near horizontal
position so that blood flows toward the mouth of the tube. Dip the end of
PRE-CAL Tube farthest from the calibration mark Into the blood sample.
Hold the PRE-CAL Tube in a horizontal position and observe the blood level
as it approaches the calibration mark.
ACTLY TO THE CALIBRATION
MARK. The rate of filling may be
acoglerated by tilting the end near the
calibration mark below the horizontal.
When tilting, bo careful not to spill
blood from the VACUTAINER Brand
Blood Collection Tube. The rate may Figure 17. Keep PRE-CAL Tubo
be retarded, stopped or reversed by Nesrly Horizontal While Filling
tilting the same end above the hori- TT lade Men
zontal as shown In Figure 17. ,
. When the blood reaches the calibration mark, remove the PRE-CAL Tube,
holding it level so that blood cannot flow out the end.
Follow same directions for sealing PRE-CAL Tube as described above.
Interfering Substances
Anticoagulants:
It has been reported that the hematocrit value of bloed anticoagulated with
oxalates is 8% to 13% less than that obtained when using heparin.*9!.010) Je iş
also reported that reliable hematocrit values cannot be obtained vrhen the
concentration of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) anticoagulant
exceeds 2 mg per mi of whole blood,"
Drugs:
It has been observed that certain drugs will cause variations in hematocrit
levels due to physiological factors, Consult Reference (10) for additional
information,
Storing PRE-CAL Tubes Prior to Centrifugation
The PRE-CAL Tube is hepurinized to prevent blood clotting. It can, therefore,
be stored in the SEAL-EASE Tube Holder for up to 2% hours prior to
centrifugation.
B. FOR URINE SEDIMENTATION EXAMINATIONS
Urine spacimaens should be freshly voided samples, collected in clean containers,
The container should be capped immediately and its contents processed as soon
as possible after collection. For routine microscopie examination, unless the
specimen is known to be contaminated by vaginal discharge or hemorrhage, there
is no need for elaborate cleansing procedures.
14.

Specimens vehich cannet be examined immediately should be refrigerated, but
must not be frozen. If examination is to be delayed beyond 4 hours, it is
recommended that ane (1) drop of 40% formalin par SO ml of urine be added
to prevent growth of micro-organisms and to presarve urinary sediments,'?2!
Chloroform should net be used as a preservative, once it settles to the bottom
of the container and may interfere with the microscopic examination.
Caution should be exercised in selecting preservatives which will not interfere
with other tests to which the specimen may be subjected.
IV. TEST PROCEDURES
A. MICRO-HEMATOCRIT DETERMINATIONS—
With READACRIT and MP READACRIT Centrifuges
1. Timing and Centrifuging
Place the properly filled PRE-CAL Tubes in the centrifuge compartments in
accordance with previous instructions.
Set the timer for five (S} minutes and centrifuge capillary tubes.
2. Reading the Hematocrit
a. Positioning Head and Magnifier:
Move the magnifier to its active po-
sition,
Rotate the head so that the PRE-CAL
Tube to be read is directly under the
magnifier [Figure Th),
b, Setting to the Zero Mark:
Shift the PRE-CAL Tube in its slot so
that the Interface between SEAL-EASE
Clay and packed red cell column is
exactly allgnad with the “0” mark on
Е É Figure 18 Head and Mognifier Praperty
the centrifuge hematocrit scale. Positioned for Viewing tre PRE-CAL Tube,
c, Reading a Hemataçrit:
Head the mark on the printed scalo adjacent to the interface between the
plasma and the packed red cells. This value is the hematocrit. Discard
PRE-CAL Tubes after reading.
B. URINE SEDIMENTATION EXAMINATIONS.
With MP READACRIT Centrifuge
In order to prepare urine specimens for microscopic examination, startewith:
1 Patient sample: freshly voided urine ©) Microscope
LI SEDI-CAL Centrifuge Tubes and Caps Ol Cover slips, 3/4-inch square
LI Clay Adams MP READACRIT DO SEDI-STAIN Concentrated Stain
Centrifuge {Model Nos. 0693 or (Catalog No, 1570) or equivalent
0594") O Lens Tissue
"NOTE: The READACKIT Centrifuge con be converted to an MP RFADACRIT Centrifin for
urine tadimentation iy the ure of a Cotalag No. 0599 Conversion Kit.

Upper
Galibration Murk
с.
d.
Figura 20, FiNiny SEDI- CAL
Figure 12 SEDECAL Tube and Cop. Tube to Upper Calibration Mark
. Filling the SEDI-CAL Tubs (Figure 19)
. Thoroughly mix the fresh urine specimen and pour into the SEDI.CAL Tube
to the upper calibration mark as shovrn in Figure 20. If the SEDI-CAL Tube is
filled exactly to this calibration mark; it will contain 4 ml of urine and the
concentration of the sediment sample for examination will be approximately
20X. If less spaciman is used, the concentration will also be less.
. Mark patient identification on the cap using & marking crayon ar a felt tip
pen with permanent ink, The circumference of the cap has a Frosted Writing
Surface for this purpose.
Wipe lint off the optical surface of the cap with lens tissue.
Placa the can on the tube.
2. Centrifuging SEDI-CAL Tubes
Place SEDI-CAL Tubes in MP READACRIT Centrifuæ in accordance with
previous operating instructions NOTE: Be sure tubes ere placed with caps
toward center of locking knob,
. Balance the first SEDI-CAL Tuba with @ second tube filled to within 1/4-inch
of the upper calibration mark. Never attempt to centrifuge just one SEDI-CAL
Tube without first balancing the centrifuge.
If a SEDI-CAL Tube has been filled to within 1/8-inch of the upper calibration
mark, the special Balance Tubs may be used in the other holder of the
centrifuga. A Balance Tube eliminates the need for filling a second SEDI-CAL
Tube when only one urine specimen 13 to be centrifuged (see Figure 12).
Set centrifuge timer for oné (1) minute and osntrifuge according to previous
operating instructions.
. After centrifugation, remove the SED!CAL Tube by grasping the cap and
lifting the tube out of the holder. Grasp the body of the tube as soon as it is
clear. NOTE: Do not carry the SEDI-CAL Tube by its cap.
16.

3. Preparing Sediment for Microscopic
Examination
a. Uncap the SEDI-CAL Tube and decant
supernatant by RAPIDLY and COM
PLETELY inverting tube (Figure 21).
DO NOT SHAKE. Approximately 0.2
ml of supernatant and sediment should
remain in thé bottom reservoir. Then
IMMEDIATELY turn the tube right
side up and replace cap. Figure 27. Decanting Supernatant.
b. Immediately before microscopic examination remove cap and add 1 drop of
SEDI-STAIN Concentrated Stain” or equivalent, for differentiation of formed
elements in the sediment. Staining the sediment also aids in differentiating
formed elements from abrasions on the optical surface of the SEDI-CAL Cap.
c. Recap. Place index finger on cap and thumb on bottom of tuba. SHAKE
VIGOROUSLY 4 to 6 times to insure thorough mixing. Terminate shaking
with tube in an upright position (Figure 221. Aşan alternate procedure, flick
bottom of tube with fingernail or against edge of table to obtain thorough
mixing. PROCEED TO STEP (d) WITHOUT DELAY.
Figure 22. fiixing Stain and Figure 23. Dapositing Sediment
Sediment on Сэр.
d. Remove cap and hold it on table with one hand, Holding tube at an angle
above the cap, strike the edge of the tube sharply against the near side of the
plateau in the cap (Figure 23). This will release the suspended sediment from
the reservoir and will deposit a drop for examination on the optical surface
of the cap. The excass will drain into the surrounding well,
e. Fit the cap into the 2-place microscope 一 一 一
adapter (Clay Adams 0593-621-000). —>
Place a cover slip (&” square) over the ==
drop and examine the drop under a An
microscope (Figure 24), Remember to +
focus for the greater height of the =
specimen above the stage and to adjust ES ~
the substage condenser so that light is Figure 24. Examining Sediment wiih Cap
focused on the cap. in Microscope Adaptw and Cover Sip On,
To examine another sample of the sume specimen, remove cover siip, replace
the tube in the cap, and repeat Steps (c), (d) and (e).
*"SEDLSTAIN Concentrated Stain for Urinary Sediment, Clay Adams Catafog No, 1870 (12.5
on size), Catalog No. 1573 (60 mi size).
17.

f. FOR DEPOSITING SEDIMENT ON STANDARD MICRO SLIDES. Decant
gqupernatant and stain sediment as described in Steps (a) and (b) above. Recap
and shake by placing thumb on cap and index finger on bottom of the tuba
(Figure 25). ALWAYS END WITH THE TUBF HELD UPSIDE DOWN so that
the sediment is collected in the cap. Remove tube from cap (Figure 26), and
tap the cap gently against the slide until sufficient material has been deposited
(Figure 27). Enough material should remain in the cap to allow the prepare
tion of several microscopa slides in this manner, if desired. The use of 3 cover
slip is not essantial when specimens are examined on standard micro slides.
À | l
Гу À
A M
Fiaure 26. Mixing Stain Figure 26. Rernoving Cap and Figure 27, Depositing Sediment
ane Sediment. Srainad Sediment an Standord Micro Side.
g. Record the average number of red blood calls and white blood cells per high
power field. Record the average number of casts and other formed elements
per low power field, 25 examined under a dimmed light.
NOTE: Conventional techniques may also be used in the preparation of
urine sediment for microscopic examination.
C. OTHER CLINICAL LABORATORY PROCEDURES
1. Chemical Examinations of Urine
Rapid chemical determinations can be made on urine samples in SED! -CAL Tubes
prior to centrifugation by use of various impregnated “dip sticks“ For longer
combination strips, simply insert into the SEDI-CAL Tube as far as possible, and
touch tha face of the strip to the side of the tube. Capillary action will then
cause the urine to wet the entire sensitized surface of the strip. For long plastic-
backed strips, tilt the SEDI-CAL Tube slightly and bend the strip until the
sensitized surface is immersed. Remove strip and touch face of strip to the side
of the tube to remove excess urine.
2. Preparation of Blood Plasma for Chemical Analysis
a, Fill à SEDI-CAL Tube with anticoagulated blood to the upper calibration
mark, Cap tube.
b. Centrifuge in the MP READACRIT Centrifuge for five (5) minutes following
previous Operating Instructions. Be sure centrifuge is properly balanced.
с. IMMEDIATELY after centrifugation, GENTLY remove the SEDI-CAL Tube
from the MP READACRIT Centrifuge, upper end first, in order to prevent
re-suspension of the packed red cells.
d. Let the SEDI-CAL Tube stand in an upright position for 15—30 seconds to
allow the oslls to settle.
18.

e. Remove cap and withdraw required amount of plasma with pipette or
syringe. About 1.75 ml of clear plasma can be obtained in this manner.
3. Preparation of Blood Plasma for Prothrombin Time Determinations
a. Fill a SEDI-CAL Tube to the upper calibration mark with oxalated {anti-
coagulated) blood and proceed to Step (dh. If the coliected blood has not
been treated with an anticoagulant, proceed as follaws:
NOTE: In the above procedure, blood must be mixed with anticoagulant
immediately after collection, and cantritugatlon must take place within 30
minutes of collection.
b. Fill the SEDI-ÇAL Tubs to the lower calibration mark with 0.1 M sodium
oxalate solution {anticosgulant). Use a dropping pipette to insure accurate
filling.
c. Nove fill the SEDI-CAL Tube with whole blocd to the upper calibration mark,
This mixture will provide a dilution ratio of 9 parts blood to 1 part anti-
cougulant. Use a dropper pipette or hypodermic syringe to insure accurate
filling.
d. Cap the SEDI-CAL Tube and invert gently several times to mix thoroughly,
a. Obtain plasma as in “Preparation of Plasma for Chemical Analysis” above,
NOTE: In individuals with normal hematocrits, this procedure will yield about
1.75 ml of plasma. If two blood samples are being centrifuged at the same
time, be sure to remove both SEDI-CAL Tubes immediately after centrifuga-
tion and to keep them in an upright position until the plasma is withdrawn,
4. Other Micro Techniques
READACRIT Centrifuges can be used for other micro: techniques requiring
centrifugation of capillary tubas. Heparinized capillary tubes, 75 mm, red tipped,
are available as Catalog No. 10270. Non-heparinized capillary tubes, 76 mm, blue
upped, are available as Catalog No. 1021.
V. TEST RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS
A. MICRO-HEMATOCRIT DETERMINATIONS
Scales within the PRE-CAL Tube compertments of READACRIT Centrifuges
provide a direct quantitative reading of hematocrit. Additional computations are
not required,
Micro methods for the determination of hematocrits nave been widely used in
laboratories for many years. The results of micro-homatocrit determinations are
recognized as being fully equivalent to the results of macro determinations.
B. URINE SEDIMENTATION EXAMINATIONS
Microscopic examination of urinary sadiment is a semi-quantitative procedure.
In cases where exact counts of leucocytes, bacteria, casts, ete., are required,
techniques employing a hemacytometer are preferred, 1?!
19.