Berkefeld TWA 6 User manual

OperatinginstructionsTWA6
Please keepforfutureuse!
Contents
IDescription TWA6
II Standarddosing plan
“BerkefeldEMERGENCYEXERCISE and ACTION(full)SDP“
III Short operating instructionsTWA6
IVOperating instructionsTWA6
VTrouble-shooting
VI Maintenanceworkand repairwork
VII Operating instructionsand sparepartslistsforaggregates
VIII Loading list, loading plan

IDescriptionTWA6
Process descriptioningeneral
The Berkefelddrinking waterpurifierservesforprovision ofhygienicallyperfect,
crystal-cleardrinking water.
Everynormallypolluted and germ-contaminated surfaceorwell watercan be
treated. The unit isnot suitablefordesalination of brackishorsea water.
Berkefelddrinking waterpurifiersoperateacc. tothe precoat filtration process.
The rawwaterfromrivers,lakesorwellsispumped into4pre-treatmenttanks (8
m³each)bymeansofamotorpumporelectr.pump.Inthe singlerawwatertank
the chemicalsacc.tothe BerkefeldEMERGENCYEXERCISE orACTION SDP
(standard dosing plan)areadded.The addition iseffected infourstepswith
corresponding retention time.The waterpre-treated thiswayissupplied tothe
precoat pumpviathe surfacesuction deviceand viathe rawwatercollector.
Inthe beginning ofthe filtering process acertainquantityoffiltermaterial(Berkesil
KE)isfed tothe precoat filterbythe precoat pump. Bythe following pre-treated raw
waterstreamthe filtermaterialisprecoated tothe specialBerkefeldfiltercandles
located inthe precoatfilter,and thereitformsthe filtering layer.Flowdirection in
the precoat filterisupwards(see attachment 6).
Afterthe filtration the required chlorine value inthe purewaterisadjusted by
meansofachlorine dosatorbeing connected insubsequentposition.The
chlorinated purewaterissupplied tothe purewatertank,and afteraretention time
itissupplied asdrinking watertotanks ordistributorsbyapurewaterpump. Bythe
secondarychlorination are-infection isprevented.
Withincreasing pollution ofthe filterlayerthe filterhead loss increases.If afilter
head loss ofabout3barisreached,the filterprocess isinterrupted and the plant is
backwashed.The flowdirection inthe precoatfilterisnowdownwards.After
backwash, newfiltermaterialisprecoated and the filterprocess startsagain.
The purewaterreservoirfacilitatesshort-termoutputpeaks ofabouttwicethe
capacityof the plant.
Sincedrinking watertreatmentisofutmostimportanceitisadvisableto
followtheseinstructionsexactlyand topractiseall processesdescribed in
practiceoperation withstarting and stopping the operation repeatedly.
Areliableoperation can onlybe expected ifthe manualoperation ofthe
planthasbeen thoroughlytrained on exercisesand the operating staff is
well acquainted withthe functioning of the plant.
The exercises must be repeated everythree monthssincean absolute
reliabilityinoperating suchappliancesisonlyguaranteed byconstant
repetition.
Attention
!

II Standarddosingplan
“BerkefeldEMERGENCYEXERCISE andACTION(full)SDP“
1.The BerkefeldSDPisused incaseof disasterabroad withunknownwatersand -in
reduced extent -forexercises.
2.The EMERGENCYEXERCISE SDPisused withextremelystronglypolluted,
unknownwatersorincaseof chemicaldisasters.
3.The ACTIONSDPisexclusivelyused incaseof defence.
The respectiveSDPishandled acc. tothe timeand dosing schedule.
Use ofthechemicalsacc. tothedosingandtimeschedule
Required chemicalsforthe TWA6rawwaterpretreatment per8m3tank
1.HTHchlorine: Dissolve800 g(100 g/m3)in10 litresof waterand fill it withthe first
rawwaterintothe tank. Filling time+10 minreaction time
1.2Afterreaction time, add 800 g(100 g/m3)ferricchloride, dissolved inabucket,
evenlydistributed intothe tank. (Payattention tothe carbonatehardness!)Reaction
time15 min
2.Inthe meantimeassemblethe othertanks, start filling and addition of chemicalsas
described under1.
3.Afterreaction time, add 1600 g(200 g/m3)activated carbon, mixintwobucketsand
add intwostepswithcontinuousintensivestirring. Reaction time20 min
4.Afterreaction time, adjust pH-value. When required, add about 400 g(50g/m3)
calciumhydroxide, dissolved inabucket, add intothe tankevenlydistributed.
Sedimentationapprox. 30 min
5.Measuring of pH-value and chlorine content
Required values:pH-value between 7.0and 7.5
Chlorine below1.0mg/l
Timerequired intotal: filling time+90 min
Afterthistimethe discharge fromthe first rawwatertankviathe precoat filteris
possible.
HinweisfürdenBenutzerdieserDatei:
Einheitsdosierplan unter
O
allgemei
bedienun
TWA6alt, englisch
Zusatzinfos
bfedp.xls
einheften.

III ShortoperatinginstructionsTWA6
1.Filling the rawwaterpumpwithrawwaterand installation ofarawwatertankincl.
all suction and deliveryhoses.
2.Preparethe required chemicalsforthe TWA6per8m3tank.
2.1Dissolvechlorine acc. Tothe corresponding dosing plan inapprox. 10 litresofwater
and fill intothe tankwiththe first water.
2.2Keep the reaction time.Then dissolveferricchloride acc.tothe dosing plan in
approx. 10 litresof waterand add intothe tank. Keep the reaction time.
3.Inthe meantime,install the otherrawwatertanks and startwithfilling and addition
of chemicalsasdescribed inpoint 2.
4.Addition ofactivated carbon acc.tothe dosing plan (inapprox.10 litresofwater),
stirwell, keep the reaction time.
5.AfterpH-measuring,adjustthe pH-value byaddition oflime(inapprox.10 ltrs.of
water), keep the reaction timeand allowsettling forabout 20 -30 min.
5.1Aftereachaddition of chemicalsone hastostirvigorouslyforabout 5min.
6.Installation of the precoat pump:
6.1Prepare2kgBerkesil KE withabout 10 ltrs. of treated waterfromthe first rawwater
tank(distributed totwoprecoatbuckets,additionallyprovide anotherbucketof
waterforrinsing).
6.2Deaeratethe precoatpumpviarawwatercollector,4-waysuction valveand
precoat hose, precoat (approx. 4-5m3/h; throttleslide valve).
6.33-waytap ison position “Filtration“.Onlyswitchoverto“Circulation“ifthe water
drainsoff the purewateroutflow.
6.4Operate“Circulation“forabout5-7min.Then switchovertofiltration.Rinsethe
hosepipesincl. the waterinflowpipe withpurewaterforabout 30 sec.
6.5Then switchto“Circulation“and hang the purewaterinflowpipe intothe covered
purewatertankand install the chlorine dosator.Nowswitchto“Filtration“again
and operatethe plant withmax. 6m3/h.
7.Preparechlorine forthe chlorine dosatorasfollows:
Mixapprox.90 gHTHchlorine withapprox.9ltrs.ofwater,stirwell and fill this
solution intothe chlorine dosator,deaerateand adjusttocapacity(l/h=1mgCl2/l).
Adjust withneedlevalvebelowthe flowmeter.
8.If the precoatfilterreached adifferentialpressureofapprox.3bar(difference
between the manometersbeing installed beforeand afterthe flowratemeter),the
plant hastobe backwashed asfollows:
9.The backwashofthe precoatfilterhastobe carried outwiththe purewaterpump
and the purewaterviathe connection “purewater".Quenchforaboutsixtimes
(about three timespertank), then precoat againviarawwater.

IVOperatinginstructionsfor
Berkefelddrinkingwaterpurifier
TWA6
Capacity6m3/h
Contents
IV1. Colourof hosesand pumps
IV1.1. Installation, pumps, hoses, rawwatertank
IV1.2. Operation/pretreatment unit
IV1.3. Precoat filter
IV1.3.1. Purewatertankand purewaterdistributor
IV1.3.2. Operation of the precoat filter
IV1.3.3. Backwashof the filterplant
IV1.3.4. Backwashprocess of the precoat filter
IV1.4. Chlorine dosator
IV1.5. Checks during operation
IV1.6. Dismounting of the unit and storage
IV1.7. Important information

IV1.Colourofhoses andpumps
All hosesand pumpsarecoloured.
All red hosesand pumpsarerawwaterconducting plant componentsand mayonly
be coupled withthiscolourmarking.
All whitehosesand pumpsarepurewaterconducting plant partsand mayonlybe
coupled withthiscolourmarking.
All black hosesaresludge waterconducting plant partscan be coupled withred
hosesforextension if required.
Red and whiteplant partsmust not be coupled.
The circulation hoseisthe onlyhosewhichiscoloured red-
whitebecausethisconductspurewaterand pretreated raw
water.
IV1.1.Installation, pumps, hoses, raw watertank
Open supporting ring (see annex1)insuchawaythat the supporting ring hinges
showtothe bottom. Put 8supportsintothe supporting ring and protect withthe
chains. Bring the supporting ring asnearaspossibletothe discharge point.
Takerawwatertankfromthe packing (packing see annex3), unfoldand suspend
intothe supporting ring insuchaway, that the outflowhoseshowstoadischarge
possibility(pit, at running watersbelowthe waterdischarge point etc.).
Suspend discharge hoseintothe supporting ring. Install the otherthree rawwater
tanks inthe samewayand placeasnearaspossibletothe first.
Assemblethe suction sets(see Attachment 2)correspondinglyand couplethemto
the rawwatertanks frominside. Suspend suction setswiththe end support intothe
supporting ring.
Attention
!

Install the rawwaterpumpasclosetothe intakeplaceaspossible. Connect one or
tworawwatersuction hoseswithstrainer, protectivebasket and plasticfloat with
chainon suction side. Securethe suction valveand hoseswithan arrestercable.
Hang the rawwaterinflowpipe intothe first rawwatertankand connect it tothe raw
waterpumpwithacorresponding numberof rawwaterpressurehoses. The raw
waterinflowpipe isalternatelyhung intoall rawwatertanks whicharethen being
filled.
Nowthe fourrawwatertanks havetobe coupled tothe rawwatercollectorwith
additionalrawwatersuction hoses. It hastobe checked that all fourball valvesof
the rawwatercollectorareclosed.
IV1.2Operation/pretreatmentunit
The rawwaterpumpcan be started acc. tothe operating instructionsforfilling of
the first rawwatertank(see VII).
Whilethe first tankisbeing filled, one preparesthe treatment chemicals(chlorine,
ferricchloride, activated carbon, lime)acc. tothe respectivestandarddosing plan
inthe 17 lbucketsfilled withrawwater. Takecarethat the chemicalsarenever
added tothe rawwatertanks inundissolved condition. Theyshouldalways be
dissolved and stirred ina17 lbucket filled withpurewateror, if not otherwise
possible, withrawwater.
Firstfill inthewater(approx. 10 l), thenadd thechemicals.
If the waterlevelinthe first tankhasreached the knee at the rawwaterinflowpipe,
one addsthe first chemical(chlorine). One proceedswiththe otherchemicals
(ferricchloride, activated carbon, lime)acc. tothe standarddosing plan. Eachtime
adding chemicalsone hastostirvigorouslywiththe paddlesothat the chemicals
arewell distributed. (If available, the stirring can alsobe carried out withan air
pipe.)
If the rawwatertankisfilled, one throttlesthe rawwaterpumpand hangsthe raw
waterinflowpipe intothe next rawwatertank. Hereone proceedsjust aswiththe
first rawwatertank. The sameappliestothe thirdand fourthrawwatertank.
Aftereachfiltration of arawwatertankasludge layerremains. The newfilling can
then be carried out asdescribed inpoint IV1.2(useof the contact sludge). After
about 5-10 newfillingsthe sludge isdrained off the tank.

IV1.3Precoatfilter
The precoat pumphastobe connected withthe four-waysuction valve. Arawwater
suction hosehastobe connected fromthe rawwatercollectortothe four-way
suction valve(C-Storz).
The precoat hosewhichis2mlong and whichisequipped withone Storzcoupling
Donlyhastobe connected tothe four-waysuction valve. Onthe otherside of the
four-waysuction valvethe circulation hose(red-white, length5or10 m)hastobe
connected withthe circulation outlet (three-waytap)of the precoat filter.
Ondeliveryside, a5m(or2x5m)rawwaterpressurehosehastobe connected to
the precoat pumptothe rawwaterinflowof the precoat filter. The rawwaterinflowis
always at the flowratemeterof the precoat filter.
The distancesshouldbe asshort aspossible(5mcirculation hoseand 5mraw
waterpressurehose). The precoat filtershouldbe installed ashorizontallyas
possiblesothat aproperdeaeration can be effected.
The sludge hose(onlyequipped withone Storz-Ccoupling)iscoupled tothe Storz-
Coutlet of the precoat filter. Anextension can be effected bymeansof red suction
hoses.
The purewaterpressurehoseiscoupled tothe purewateroutlet (three-waytap)of
the precoat filter.
Takecarethat the purewaterhosesarenot thrownintothe dirt
asthisisthe drinking waterside.
At the end of the purewaterpressurehosethe chlorine dosing isconnected and
supplied tothe covered 8m³purewatertankwithafurtherpurewaterpressure
hoseviathe purewaterinflowpipe.
The purewaterinflowpipe tothe purewatertankisnot hung intothe tankbut
attached tothe outside of the purewatertanksothat the first purewatercan be
discharged (rinsing of the purewaterpipes-about 30 sec).
Installation of the chlorine dosatoronlyafterthe purewaterside hasbeen rinsed.
IV1.3.1Purewatertankandpurewaterdistributor
The purewatertankhastobe installed just asthe rawwatertanks (see point IV1.1;
packing see Attachment 3). Afterhanging-inof the tankintothe supporting ring, the
support forthe coverhastoset intothe tank, braced bya“spider” withthe
Attention
!

supporting ring and the coverhastobe laidon the bracing (see annex1). Bracethe
coverwiththe cordsat the supportsof the supporting ring.
Payattention toutmost cleanliness at the purewatertank.
Then on suction side the purewaterpumpiscoupled withapurewatersuction hose
and agatevalvetothe purewatertank(StorzC). Ondeliveryside of the purewater
pump, acorresponding purewaterpressurehoseisconnected towhicheithera
purewaterdistributor, atapping pistolorthe socket forthe tankfilling (truck)can be
connected.
IV1.3.2Operationoftheprecoatfilter
The rawwaterpretreated inthe rawwatertankcan nowbe supplied tothe precoat
pumpbyopening the first ball valveat the rawwatercollector. Open mainball valve
and precoat ball valveof the four-wayvalve, deaeratethe precoat hoseand fill both
precoat bucketswithapprox. 10 lof water. Thisisalsothe easiest waytodeaerate
the pump. Then closebothball valves.
Then add the precoat materialtobothbuckets(2kgBerkesil KE, 1kgperbucket).
Anotherbucket withpretreated waterisrequired forwashing downthe mixed precoat
material. The precoat materialhastobe well stirred and wetted withawooden stirrer.
At the beginning of the precoat process the slide valvebeing placed beforethe flow
ratemeterof the precoat filterhastobe opened alittle(2-2½rotations)sothat the
precoat process can be carried out withacapacityof approx. 4-5m³/h.
The deaeratorsof the precoat filterareopened, the sludge discharge ball tap isclosed
and the 3-way-tap isinposition „filtration“. The precoat pumpisstarted, the ball tap of
the 4-waydeviceat the precoat hoseisopened and the precoating mass issucked. If
thisprocess isfinished, the ball tap of the 4-waysuction deviceat the precoat hoseis
closed and the mainball tap of the 4-waydeviceisopened forrawwaterfeed.
The circuit ball tap of the 4-waydeviceisalways open. The pumpconstruction allows
that the precoating process can be carried out withlowmotorspeed (fuelsaving). As
soon aswaterflowsout through the deaeratorsof the precoat filter, theyhavetobe
closed. If the waterflowsthrough the purewaterpipe at the precoat filterafterashort
time, the 3-waytap hastobe turned toposition „circuit“.
Attention
!

The deaeratorshavetobe opened fromtimetotime, sothat entered aircan escape.
Afterapprox. 5-7min. circuit operation the 3-waytap isbrought toposition „filtration“
again.
The first water(approx. 30 sec.)shouldbe used forrinsing of the purewaterpipes.
Onlyhereafterthe purewaterinflowpipe isput inthe purewatertank. The full capacity
of 6m³/hisadjusted withthe slide valvepreceding the flowratemeterof the precoat
filter. The pumppressurebeforethe flowratemetershouldbe adjusted to1barabove
filterresistancewiththe adjustment of the pumpspeed.
The minimumcapacityshall not fall below1000 l/h. The filterloss of head isreadable
at the pressuremanometersof the precoat filter. The filterloss increaseswith
increasing pollution. The adjusted capacityreduces, sothat readjustment hastobe
carried out at the slide valve. If afilterloss of head of approx. 3barisreached at a
capacityof approx. 2m³/hand at full pumpcapacity, the filtration process hastobe
interrupted, asotherwisethe plant operatesuneconomically.
IV1.3.3.Backwashingofthefilterplant
During backwashing, the precoat filterisbackwashed shock-wiseinreverse
direction, i.e. downwards. Byshocking inbatches(see annex4)the solidfilterlayer
isseparated fromthe cartridgesand flushed out through the sludge outflowhose.
The precoat filtermust be backwashed withpurewater.
IV1.3.4.Bachwashingprocess oftheprecoatfilter
Turnthe 3-waytap of the precoat filtertoposition „circuit“. Closeslide valve
preceding the flowratemeterof the precoat filter. Switch-off precoat pump. Close
mainball valveof the 4-wayfitting. Open ball valveof the sludge outflowhoseat the
precoat filter. Open de-aeration tapsof the precoat filter. Uncouplecirculation hose
at the circulation outlet of the precoat filterand wait until the precoat filteris
emptied. Then connect the circulation hoseagain.
Closede-aeration tapsand ball valveof the sludge outflowhose. Couplepurewater
pumpwiththe purewaterpressurehose(whichiscoupled withthe purewateroutlet
of the precoat filter). Set 3-wayvalveof the precoat filtertoposition "Filtration" and
start purewaterpump. The pumphastobe operated withfull capacity. If the slide
Attention
!

valveand ball valveareclosed, the pressuremanometeron precoat filterside
showsapprox. 3-4bar. The ball valveat the sludge outflowhoseisopened
suddenlyand remainsopen forapprox. 5sec., then closeslowly. Thisprocess must
be repeated 6times. The rinsing waterflowing off the sludge outflowhosemust then
be clear. The sludge discharge hosemust be heldon toduring the backwashing
process orit hastobe tied-up.
Switch-off purewaterpump, let ball valveof the sludge outflowhoseopen, open de-
aeration valvesand uncouplecirculation hoseat the circulation outlet and holduntil
precoat filterisempty.
The precoat filterisbackwashed and can be started againasdescribed underitem
IV1.3.2.
Completebackwashing shouldnot exceed 4-6min.

IV1.4. Operatinginstructions
for
chemical displacementdosatorLC9
for
BerkefelddrinkingwaterpurifierTWA
Contents
IV1.4.1. Purposeof the unit
IV1.4.2. Working method
IV1.4.3. Addition of chemicalsinproportion tothe watersupply
IV1.4.4. Preparation of chemicalsolution
IV1.4.5. Commissioning
IV1.4.6. Shut-down
IV1.4.7. Chlorine definitions

IV1.4.1.Purpose oftheunit
The unit isused fordosing of watertreatment chemicalsinmobiledrinking water
purifiers. Installation can be carried out preceding orafteraBerkefeldprecoat filter
plant bycoupling the unit withthe connectionsbetween 2hoses. Dosing iscarried
out continuouslyintothe treated purewater.
IV1.4.2.Operationmethod
The dosatoroperatesaccording tothe back pressuredisplacement process, i.e. a
firmlyinstalled jamscreen isinstalled between twoconnectionsinthe mainwater
flow, bywhichdifferent pressureratiosariseinthe twoby-pass connections(∆p).
∆ p
_____é___________ê__

P1P2
____________ ____________
Bythisthe required quantityof waterissupplied tothe displacement tankviathe
motivewaterpipe withflowmeterand adjusting valve. The samequantityof
chemicalsolution isdisplaced and pressed intothe mainwaterflow. The adjustment
of the chemicalquantitytobe added iscarried out byan adjusting valveat the flow
ratemeter. The chemicalsolution isinabag, whichishoused inthe displacement
tankand whichfillsit out completely.
Annex5showsthe dosing unit. It consistsof the following parts:
01 Dosing tank(displacement tank)
02 Displacement bag
03 Filling and dosing connection
04 Mainconnections(retarding disc pipe)
05 Flowmeterwithadjusting valve
06 De-aerator
07 Drain
including the required connection pipes.

IV1.4.3.Chemical additioninproportiontothewatersupply
The quantityof the chlorine added isdetermined bythe corresponding responsible
man ineachsinglecase. If no instruction hasbeen given, werecommend toadjust
chlorination of the waterhaving achlorine excess of
0.5-1mgCl2/l.
The following mentioned common chlorinouschemicalsareused:
1.Chlorine bleaching solution chlorine contentsapprox. 12 %
(sodiumhypochlorite)(takecareon temperature, gasevolution)
2.Chloraminchlorine contentsapprox. 28 %
3.HTH-chlorine (C8powder) chlorine contentsapprox. 60 %-65 %
(calciumhypochlorite)
If achlorine addition of 1mg/lisdemanded and an operation of the drinking water
purifierwithacapacityof 6m³/h, the chlorine quantitytobe added perhourwould
be 6gCl2/h. The flowratemeterhasameasuring range of 0.5-5.4l/h.
The dilution ratioof the chemicalsolution hasbeen chosen insuchawaythat a
chlorine quantityof 1mg/lisadded, if aflowrateof 1l/hisadjusted at the control
valve. The ratiobetween adjusted flowrateand dosing quantityremainsthe sameat
eachadjustment.
Forexample: demanded chlorine addition of
0.5mgCl2/l=0.5l/hat adjusting valve
or
2.5mgCl2/l=2.5l/hat adjusting valve
If the drinking waterpurifierisoperated withalowercapacity, the dosing capacity
reducesinthe sameratio(∆p).

IV1.4.4.Preparationofthechemical solution
Wearprotectionclothes!
When preparing the solution, 9lpurewaterand the chlorine media(corresponding
tothe concentration)inthe following mentioned quantitieshavetobe stirred well.
Chlorine bleaching solution 12 %450 g
Chloramin28 %190 g
HTH-chlorine 60 %90 g
Afterremovalof the screwing, the prepared solution isfilled (funnel)intothe
chlorine solution bag. The tankdeaeratormust be opened.
Beforerefilling the emptydosator, the motivewaterhastobe discharged through
the tankdrain.
Beforecoupling the dosatorintothe purewater, the filterplant isswitched againto
circuit.
IV1.4.5Commissioning
During commissioning of the dosator, the following pointshavetobe carried out
exacty:
1.Closechlorine solution gatevalveorseparatequick-coupling
respectively
2.Closetankdrain
3.Open adjusting valvecompletely
4.Open tankde-aeration until motivewaterflowsout
5.Closetankde-aerator
6.Open chlorine solution gatevalveorconnect quick-coupling respectivelyand
wait until chlorine solution flowsfromthe chlorine solution bag through the
transparent overflowpipe
7.Adjust controlvalvetodemanded value
Attention
!

8.Controlfunction of the dosing unit at the controlvalveand overflow
pipe
If the outflowforfilling of atankerhasbeen elevated, the dosing quantityhastobe
changed. Re-adjustment at controlvalveisabsolutelynecessary.
If no purewaterisgiven and the filterplant isswitched tocircuit, the controlvalve
and gatevalvehavetobe closed orthe quick-coupling hastobe separated
respectively. The dosatorisswitched off.
The dosatorhastobe uncoupled during backwashof the
precoat filter.
IV1.4.6.Shut-down, storage
Aftershut-downthe plant hastobe discharged thoroughly. Open all valves, sothat
the watercan flowout fromthe displacement tank.
Especiallytheflow meterhas tobeprotectedagainstfrostandhas tobe
storedintheboxforaccessories (blow throughatopenedadjustingvalve).
Then unscrewthe filling socket and pourout the residualchemicalsolution.
It isnot allowed totakethe full chemicalbag fromthe tank,
asit wouldcrack fromitsholding.
Attention
!
Attention
!

IV1.4.7.LEAFLET
“ChlorineDefinitions“
„Effectivechlorine“(total chlorine)
The sumof the elementarychlorine (free effectivechlorine), availableinthe waterat
the point of timeof analysisand itssterilizing acting compounds(bound effective
chlorine)iscalled „effectivechlorine“(totalchlorine).
„Free effectivechlorine“
Chlorine, whichisavailableinawaterinformof dissolved elementarychlorine (free
chlorine), hypochlorousacidorhypochloridions, iscalled as„free effective
chlorine“.
„Boundeffectivechlorine“
Chlorine, whichisavailableinawaterinformof oxidizing acting chlorine substitution
compounds(anorganicand organicchloramines)iscalled as„bound effective
chlorine“.
Calculationas follows:
totalchlorine
-free effectivechlorine
=bound effectivechlorine
=====================
IV1.5.Controlsduringoperation
All unitsoperated withfuelmust be checked at regularintervalson fueland oil level
during operation, sothat aperfect operation isguaranteed. If the precoat pump
wouldfail due toaleakage of fuel, the completebackwashing and precoating
process wouldhavetobe repeated.
The samesituation wouldoccurwiththe electricalpumps. The current generators
havetobe checked continuously.

The quantityflowratemeterhastobe controlled continuouslyduring operation of
the precoat filter. Should-foranyreason -the precoat filtersuck airorshouldthe
precoat pumpfail, one wouldrecognizethisat the float of the flowratemeterand
one couldswitchthe 3-waytap to„circuit“, sothat the purewatercannot be
polluted.
The flowratemeterof the chlorine dosatoralsohastobe controlled continuously,
sothat no excess orless dosing can occur.
The motorpumpsand the electricalpumpsmust inno case
operateindrycondition. Thiswouldcauseadefect at the
axialfacesealorstuffing box.
IV1.6.Dismountingofunitandstorage
Thoroughlydrainthe plant afterbackwashing, withspecialcarethe flowmetersat
the filtertankand at the dosator(frost!).
Let all slide valvesopen, sothat the airhasfree entryintothe inside of the tanks.
Connectionsprovided withblind couplingstobe closed onlyduring the drive, open
againinthe depot.
The pumpshavetobe thoroughlydrained beforepacking. Open the tap orscrewat
the bottomof the casing and incline the pumpcorrespondingly(frost!).
Beforepacking, all plant partshavetobe cleansed. If athorough cleaning cannot
be carried out at site, it hastobe repeated inthe depot orat anysuitableplace.
Beforepacking the rawwaterand purewatertanks havetobe hung up at the small
rings. the rawwatertanks can be flushed withpurewater, then dryand folded acc.
tothe attached plan (Attachment 3).
The plant isresistant tofrost, provided that all plant partshavebeen thoroughly
drained.
The foldabletanks aremade of rot-proof, artificialmaterialcoated textile. The hose
materialisrot-proof aswell. Despitethis, hosesand tanks shouldbe packed only
afterairdrying. All plant partshavetobe checked on completeness and readiness
foruseaftereachuse.
Attention
!

IV1.7.IMPO RTANTNO TES
If the first pre-treatment tankispumped-off, one hastochange-overtothe second
one intime. Thisiscarried out byopening the ball valveat the rawwatercollectorof
tank2and onlyafterthat the ball valveof tank1isclosed. The plant can be
operated continuously.
It isnot allowed tointerrupt the started filtration, asthe filterlayerwouldfall fromthe
filtercartridgesif the waterflowisinterrupted. If, however, during orshortlyafterthe
commissioning the waterflowisinterrupted due toanyreason, the unit can be
started again(circuit approx. 5-7min.)
The filtermaterialfallen fromthe cartridgesembeddsbynewstart. If the plant had
alreadybeen switched tofiltration, one hastooperateagainincircuit during restart.
But if the plant had been inoperation formorethan 1hour, backwashing of the filter
materialhastobe carried out aswell asnewprecoating.
The operation timeof the plant stronglydependson the qualityof the rawwaterin
the pretreatment tanks. Incaseof poorwatersorat averybad flocculation, the plant
can showalreadyafter1houradifferentialpressureof 3barand hastobe
backwashed. If the pretreatment isverygood, running timesof 5-7hoursand more
can be reached at full capacity.
Operationinterruptions:
If no purewaterdischarge isrequired forashort period, i.e. for30 min., the plant
capacitycan be lowered bythrottling the motorpumptoapprox. 1m³/h. Then one
switchestocircuit, bywhichawaterloss isavoided and the filterisnot polluted. If
watershall be given again, one onlyhastoswitchthe 3-wayvalvefrom„circuit“to
„filtration“.
The filtermaterialBerkesil KE hastobe prepared alreadyduring operation forthe next
precoating. The precoating materialonlyhastobe stirred then and can immediatelybe
used forfurtherprecoating afterbackwashing of the precoat filter.
Takecarethat during operation of motorpumps, the fuel
tanks arerefilled intime. Careful refilling of the motor
pumpswithfuelisabsolutelyrequired. The sameappliesfor
operation withelectricpumpsforthe current generators.
Important
+

VTroubleshooting
Trouble
Reason Remedy
Electr. pumpormotor
pumpdoesnot primewater
Pumpnot deaerated Deaeratepumpbyfilling up
withwater
Precoat pumpdoesnot primewaterin
spiteofdeaeration Mainball valveofthe 4-
waysuction
deviceisclosed Open corresponding ball valves
Precoat ball valveofthe 4-way
suction deviceisclosed
Ball valveofthe rawwatercollector
isclosed
Suction deviceisstill hanging on
the suspenderring Hang suction deviceintothe rawwatertank
Electr. pumpisoperating,
isdeaerated, but doesnot
supplywater
Direction ofrotation ofthe electr.
pumpiswrong Change polesofdirection of rotation
Electr. pumpsdo not operatethough
protectiveswitchisswitched on and
motorcableisplugged
Fault current protectiveswitchin
the electricdistribution boxhas
released
Switchon FI switchinthe
distribution boxagainafter
having checked it for
defectivecables
One ofthe electr. pumps
doesnot operatethough
the motorcableisplugged
Motorprotectiveswitchhas
released Check pumpforsmooth running (foreign matter,
damage at the bearing).
Restart motorprotective
switch.
Precoat materialdoesnot adhereto
the filtercandles Circulation ball valveofthe 4-way suction deviceisclosed Open ball valve
Float ofthe flowratemeter„flutters“
during precoating Precoat filternot deaerated Open deaeration valveat the precoat filter
Precoat pumpfailed Restart precoat pump
Chlorine dosatordoesnot yield
chlorine Chlorine dosatorisnot deaerated Deaeratechlorine dosator
Needlevalveofthe flowratemeter
isclogged Clean needlevalve
Bag without filling
Refill chlorine lye