BIRD TERMALINE 8400 SERIES User manual

Termaline®Coaxial
Load Resistor
8400 Series
Operation Manual
©Copyright 2016 by Bird Technologies, Inc.
Instruction Book P/N 920-8400S Rev. A
Termaline®is a Registered Trademark
of Bird Electronic Corporation

i
Safety Precautions
The following are general safety precautions that are not necessarily related to
any specific part or procedure, and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this
publication. These precautions must be thoroughly understood and apply to all
phases of operation and maintenance.
WARNING
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating Personnel must at all times observe general safety precautions. Do
not replace components or make adjustments to the inside of the test
equipment with the high voltage supply turned on. To avoid casualties,
always remove power.
WARNING
Shock Hazard
Do not attempt to remove the RF transmission line while RF power is present.
WARNING
Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone
Under no circumstances should any person reach into an enclosure for the
purpose of service or adjustment of equipment except in the presence of
someone who is capable of rendering aid.
WARNING
Safety Earth Ground
An uninterruptible earth safety ground must be supplied from the main
power source to test instruments. Grounding one conductor of a two
conductor power cable is not sufficient protection. Serious injury or death
can occur if this grounding is not properly supplied.
WARNING
Resuscitation
Personnel working with or near high voltages should be familiar with modern
methods of resuscitation.
WARNING
Remove Power
Observe general safety precautions. Do not open the instrument with the
power applied.

Safety Precautions
ii
Safety Symbols
Note: Calls attention to supplemental information
Warning Statements
The following safety warnings appear in the text where there is danger to
operating and maintenance personnel, and are repeated here for emphasis.
See page 6
See page 7
WARNING
Warning notes call attention to a procedure which, if not correctly
performed, could result in personal injury.
CAUTION
Caution notes call attention to a procedure which, if not correctly
performed, could result in damage to the instrument.
The caution symbol appears on the equipment indicating
there is important information in the instruction manual
regarding that particular area.
WARNING
When power is in the upper range of the load’s capacity, the radiator will
become hot - care should be used in touching the equipment.
WARNING
Never attempt to connect or disconnect RF equipment from the
transmission line while RF power is being applied.
Leaking RF energy is a potential health hazard.

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
iii
Caution Statements
The following cautions appear in the text whenever the equipment is in danger
of damage, and are repeated here for emphasis.
See page 5
See page 7
CAUTION
The load is designed for operation in a horizontal plane only, with
mounting brackets down. Do not operate in any other position.
CAUTION
Do not operate this equipment continuously above the rated 600 W.
Load failure will result.

Safety Precautions
iv
Safety Statements
USAGE
ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY
THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY
PROTECTION.
USO
EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO ESPECIFICADA
POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE
SEGURIDAD DEL INSTRUMENTO.
BENUTZUNG
WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE VERWENDET ALS VOM
HERSTELLER BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
UTILISATION
TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI N’EST PAS
EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE FABRICANT PEUT
ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PROTECTION DE
L’INSTRUMENT.
IMPIEGO
QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE UTILIZZATO IN MODO
DIVERSO DA COME SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA
PROZIONE DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA.

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
v
SERVICE
SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE - TRAINED
PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO
NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.
SERVICIO
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO EXCLUSIVO
DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL
PELIGRO DE DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA HACERIO.
WARTUNG
ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES GELTEN NUR
FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND
WARTUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM
SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFÜHREN.
ENTRENTIEN
L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ
AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR
PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS
EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ QUALIFIÉ POUR CE
FAIRE.

About This Manual
vi
About This Manual
This instruction book covers the following models of Termaline Load Resistors.
Changes To The Manual
We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate at the time of
publication. If you should discover any errors or if you have suggestions for
improving this manual, please send your comment to our factory. This manual
may be periodically updated. When inquiring about updates to this manual,
refer to the part number and revision level on the title page.
Chapter Layout
This instruction book is arranged so that essential information on safety is
contained in the front of the book. Reading the Safety Precaution section before
operating the equipment is strongly advised.
The remainder of this Instruction Book is divided into chapters and sections.
Operation — First time operators should read Chapter 1, Introduction,
page 1 , Chapter 2, Theory of Operation, page 4 , and Chapter 3, Installation,
page 5 , to get an overview of equipment capabilities and how to install it. An
experienced operator can refer to Chapter 4, Operating Instructions, page 6 .
All instructions necessary to operate the equipment, are contained in this
section.
Maintenance — All personnel should be familiar with calibration and repair
information found in Chapter 5, Maintenance, page 8 . If a failure should occur,
the troubleshooting section will aid in isolating and repairing the failure.
Parts — For location of major assemblies or parts refer to the part lists and
associated drawings in Chapter 5, Maintenance, page 8 .
8401 8404

vii
Table of Contents
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Warning Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Caution Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Safety Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Changes To The Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Chapter Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Purpose and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Performance and Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Dimensions and Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Power and Utility Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Items Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Items Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Tools and Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Chapter 2 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Chapter 3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Chapter 4 Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Use and Function of Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Initial Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Table of Contents
viii
Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Operating Under Emergency, Adverse, or Abnormal Conditions . . . . . . . . . 7
Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Emergency Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DC Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
RF Connector Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Diaphragm and Coolant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
RF Load Resistor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
RF Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Diaphragm and Coolant Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
RF Load Resistor Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Preparation For Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Replacement Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1
Chapter 1 Introduction
This publication refers to the Termaline Load Resistor models 8401 and 8404.
The differences between the models are listed in the specifications. Both
models will generally be referred to as a load throughout this manual.
Purpose and Function
These loads are portable, general purpose 50 ohm coaxial transmission line
terminations. They are self-contained units requiring no outside power source
or additional equipment. They provide accurate, dependable, and practically
non-reflective termination for testing and adjusting transmitters operating in
the stated frequency band.
Some examples of the uses of these loads are:
As a substitute antenna.
For tuning RF transmitters - under non-radiating conditions.
For making routine tests and adjustments.
As a substitute for any 50 ohm circuit loading element.
Description
These models are rectangular in shape with transverse fins encasing an oil-
dielectric-filled coolant cylinder. A retractable handle is recessed in the radiator
fins. Extra thick fins at the front and rear are bent 90° to form bottom mounting
flanges. These flanges are supports for free standing use or brackets for fixed
mounting. Flange holes are provided for this purpose.
Performance and Capabilities
The Loads can absorb and dissipate up to 600 W of RF power continuously. They
show a maximum VSWR of 1.1 to 1.0 from DC to 1000 MHz and 1.25 to 1.0 from
1000 to 2800 MHz, 1.3 to 1.0 from 2800-3000 MHz.

Introduction
2
Dimensions and Weight
The loads are 16-1/16 inches L x 5-15/16 inches W x 8-1/2 inches H (408 x 151 x
216 mm). They have a net weight of 19.6 lb (8.9 kg) and a shipping weight of
approximately 25 lb (11.34 kg).
Power and Utility Requirements
These load resistors are passive devices that are self contained and do not
require a source of power or utility service to perform their function, other than
the RF input power.
Environmental Requirements
The load should be operated in an environment as free of dust and vibration as
possible. For proper operation the ambient temperature should remain within
the range of -40°C to +45°C (-40°F to +113°F) . Allow at least 12 inches of clear
space around the load to provide an unimpeded flow of convection air currents
for adequate heat dissipation.
Items Supplied
The load is equipped with:
Model 8401 — Female N connector of a patented “Quick-Change”
design.
Model 8404 — Female N with a male N/male N adapter, dust cap, and
secured by a ball chain anchor.
Instruction Manual.
Items Required
Only a coaxial cable with the appropriate connector plug is needed for
connecting these load resistors to the source of RF power.
Tools and Test Equipment
Screwdrivers — for disassembly of this equipment.

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
3
An ohmmeter with an accuracy of 1 percent or better at 50 ohms is
recommended for checking the resistance value of the resistor.
Figure 1 Model 8401

4
Chapter 2 Theory of Operation
The Termaline Load Resistors consist essentially of a carbon film-on-ceramic
resistor immersed in a dielectric coolant. The resistor, individually selected for
its accuracy, is enclosed in a special exponentially tapered housing. This
provides a linear reduction in surge impedance directly proportional to the
distance along the resistor. When surrounded by the dielectric coolant, the
characteristic impedance is therefore 50 ohms at the front (connector end), 25
ohms at the mid-point to compensate for the resistance already passed over,
and zero ohms at the rear where the resistor joins the housing, forming the
return conductor of the coaxial circuit. This produces a uniform and practically
reflection-less line termination over the stated frequencies for the load resistor
Cooling
The dielectric coolant is chosen for its desirable dielectric and thermal
characteristics. Cooling of the load is accomplished by natural fluid and air
convection currents. The 0.7 gallon of dielectric coolant carries the electrically
generated heat from the resistor to the walls of the cylindrical cooling tank. This
tank is encased in a set of radiating fins constructed from heavy gauge
aluminum alloy and firmly pressed onto the cylinder. The heat from the
dielectric fluid is transferred to the surrounding air by the fins.
Expansion of the coolant, caused by the rise in its temperature, is allowed by
means of a synthetic rubber diaphragm (not visible) inside the rear cover dome
of the unit.

5
Chapter 3 Installation
Location
Install the Termaline Load Resistor in a location that:
Has sufficient room to provide at least 12 inches (304.8 mm) of free
space around and above the unit.
Is the shortest possible distance, or cable length from the transmitting
equipment.
Ensures the operation of the load in a horizontal position only, with the
handle on top.
Mounting
The load may be used for portable operation or for fixed installation, that is, it
may stand free or may be secured to a bench or any convenient flat surface. The
front and rear fins are made of heavier gauge material bent outward 90 degrees
to form mounting flanges. At each corner of these flanges is a rubber bumper
foot attached with an acorn nut. To fasten the load by means of its base
mounting flanges:
1. Remove the four rubber bumpers
2. Fasten the load with four screws. Put one screw in each of the four 9/32
inch holes.
Note: Use screws up to 1/4 inch diameter.
The holes are arranged in a 5-1/8 x 12-17/32 inch rectangle (130.2 x 318.3 mm).
CAUTION
The load is designed for operation in a horizontal plane only, with mounting
brackets down. Do not operate in any other position.

6
Chapter 4 Operating Instructions
Use and Function of Controls
Because these are passive devices, there are no operating controls on the Load
Resistors.
Initial Adjustments
No initial adjustments are required other than to connect the load to the RF
source by means of a coaxial cable equipped with a suitable matching connector
plug.
Start-up
1. Connect a Male N type plug, which mates with the RF input connector, to
the load.
2. Connect the Termaline Load Resistor to the transmitting equipment under
test with 50 ohm coaxial cable.
3. After the transmitter has been connected to the load, proceed according to
the transmitter manufacturer’s instructions.
When reconnecting the antenna, it may become necessary to slightly readjust
the transmitter due to possible differences in VSWR between the load and the
antenna system.
Normal Operation
Having no indicators or controls, these loads require no special operating
procedures or surveillance when properly used.
WARNING
When power is in the upper range of the load’s capacity, the radiator will
become hot - care should be used in touching the equipment.

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
7
Operating Under Emergency, Adverse, or Abnormal
Conditions
Shutdown
Because the loads are passive devices, there is no way to turn them off. Power
must be shut off at the source of the RF energy.
Emergency Shutdown
Turn off the RF power at the source.
CAUTION
Do not operate this equipment continuously above the rated 600 W.
Load failure will result.
WARNING
Never attempt to connect or disconnect RF equipment from the transmission
line while RF power is being applied.
Leaking RF energy is a potential health hazard.

8
Chapter 5 Maintenance
This chapter contains operator maintenance instructions, troubleshooting, and
parts information.
Troubleshooting
Cleaning
The principle maintenance required by the operator will be the cleaning of the
radiator fins. Periodically wipe away the accumulated dust and lint. If the
insulator or metallic contact surfaces of the connector should become dirty or
grimy, wipe them off with a soft cloth and use a contact cleaner that is self
drying and leaves no residue to clean the inaccessible internal parts.
Problem Possible Cause Remedy
Leakage of coolant oil
around band or radiator
housing
Clamping band not tight. Tighten clamping band with
a screwdriver.
Faulty o-ring (front). Replace per the RF Load
Resistor paragraph.
Faulty diaphragm (rear). Replace per the Diaphragm
and Coolant Oil paragraph.
Overheating of the radiator
Transmitter power is too
high.
Reduce the transmitter
power.
Coolant Lever is too low.
Add more coolant per the
Diaphragm and Coolant Oil
paragraph.
Faulty RF section.
Replace the RF section per
the RF load Assembly
paragraph
High or low DC resistance
values.
Faulty RF input connector. Replace per the RF load
Assembly paragraph
Loose RF input connector. Tighten the connector with a
screwdriver
Faulty RF section assembly
Replace the RF section per
the RF load Assembly
paragraph

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
9
Inspection
With the rugged and simple construction of the Load Resistors, periodic
inspection will be necessary at only about six-month intervals. Inspection should
include the items listed below:
1. Oil Leakage - Check for coolant oil seepage around the radiator tank,
particularly at the front and back around the underside of the clamping
band.
2. Inspect the Load for completeness and general condition of the equipment.
The Troubleshooting Chart lists the symptoms of commonly encountered
troubles, their causes, and suggested corrective measures. Use the chart as a
guide when analyzing symptoms.
Preventive Maintenance
Because of the basic simplicity of construction, no special maintenance
procedures are required. Keep the equipment clean, and occasionally check the
coolant level in the radiator tank.
DC Resistance
Check the condition of the load resistor by accurate measurement of the DC
resistance between the inner and outer conductors of the RF connector. Use an
ohmmeter with an accuracy of 1 percent or better at 50 ohms for this purpose.
The measured resistance should be a nominal 50 ohms, ±2 ohms. Perform this
test only when the load has cooled down to room temperature. Refer to
Figure 2 .
Figure 2 DC Resistance Measurement
Disassembly
There are no special techniques required for the repair or replacement of
components in the loads. A screwdriver is the only tool needed.

Maintenance
10
RF Connector Replacement
The connector is a patented “Quick Change” design which permits easy
interchange with the use of only a screwdriver. This process does not interfere
with the essential coaxial continuity of the load resistor RF input or the coolant
oil seal. For replacement, proceed as follows:
1. Remove the four 8-32 x 5/16 inch round head machine screws from the
corners of the RF connector.
2. Pull the connector straight out of its socket.
Diaphragm and Coolant Oil
Remove the diaphragm to replace or examine the coolant oil. Replacement of
the diaphragm and coolant are listed in the steps below:
1. Stand the load vertically, with the back end up. Brace it carefully to avoid
tipping it over.
2. Loosen the clamp screw until the clamping band is released.
3. Remove the diaphragm cover and lift the diaphragm from the back end of
the radiator tank. Inspect the diaphragm. It should be soft and pliable. If it
has hardened or shows signs of surface cracks, replace it.
4. The coolant oil level should be about one inch below the top of the radiator
cylinder. If the oil appears to be contaminated; i.e., it doesn’t have a clear
light yellow color, replace it.
RF Load Resistor Assembly
To replace the load resistor assembly, it is not necessary to drain the unit of
coolant oil. Follow the steps below:
1. Stand the load vertically, with the front end up.
2. Loosen the clamp screw until the clamping band is released.
3. Hold the load assembly by the RF connector and pull the assembly slowly
out of the radiator. Allow the excess coolant to drip back into the radiator.
4. Inspect the O-Ring seal which is located just inside the mounting flange of
the resistor assembly. Do not reuse the O-Ring if it is not soft and pliable or
if it shows signs of surface cracks.

Termaline® Coaxial Load Resistor
11
Assembly
RF Connector
Before pushing the RF connector in, be sure that the projecting center contact
pin on the connector is carefully engaged and properly seated in the mating
socket of the load resistor input.
Install the four 8-32 x 5/16 inch round head machine screws into the corners of
the RF connector.
Diaphragm and Coolant Oil
To assemble, follow the instructions below.
1. Fill the unit with coolant until the level is about one inch below the top of
the radiator cylinder.
2. Install the diaphragm and place the diaphragm cover on the back end of the
radiator tank.
3. Install and tighten the clamping band screw.
4. Check for leaks. Pay particularly close attention to the area around the
clamping band.
RF Load Resistor Assembly
To replace the assembly:
1. Hold the load assembly by the RF connector and slowly lower the assembly
into the radiator
2. Place the clamp band on and tighten the clamp screw until the clamping
band is tight.
3. Place the unit on its flanges, in a horizontal position.
4. Check for leaks. Pay particularly close attention to the area around the
clamping band.