Calculated Industries Frame Master II User manual

CALCULATED INDUSTRIES
®
HRS MIN SEC FRM
30 DF
Rate
AC
+ / –
Clr Mem
Rem
Time Code
Stop Watch/Timer
∆ %
Film
AAdj fps
B Sub
F RAME M ASTER
®
II
2
÷
8
3
0
4 5 6
7 9
•
1
=
+
+
–
On/C
Off
Prefs
Frms
35mm
Cust
Out
In Dur
Sync
30 NDF30 NDF 30 DF
Cus TC
%
fps
H:M:S
Mark Dec
16mm
G o/Stop
25 PAL
Rcl
Stor
:
Conv
Sum
Film/Video Calculator
F RAME M ASTER
®
II
CALCULATED
INDUSTRIES
®
We put answers at your fingertips
User’s Guide

Table of Contents
Getting Started
NTSC (“SMPTE”) Time Code . . . .4
Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Power On & Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Key Definitions/Functions . . . . . .10
Basic Math Operations . . . . . . . . .20
Memory Functions . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Using the Frame Master®II
Entering Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Math Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
In/Out/Duration Points . . . . . . . .32
Sync/Offset Function . . . . . . . . . .35
Setting Film Speed [fps] . . . . . . . .37
Setting Frames Per Foot . . . . . . . .38
Setting Custom Time Code . . . . .39
Using the Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Timer Mark Points . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Rate Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Appendix
Calculator Information . . . . . . . . .48
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . .50
2 – Frame Master
®
II

Introducing
Frame Master
®
II
The Frame Master ®II is designed to
simplify calculations and conversions
for Film, Time Code, and Real-Time. It
features:
◆Complete conversions between Film,
Time and Time Code formats.
◆Adds, Subtracts, Multiplies and
Divides Film, Time Code and Real-
Time (H:M:S) units.
◆Automatic In/Out/Duration calcu-
lations for editing and EDL’s.
◆Custom settings for Film Speed,
Film Frames, and Time Code.
◆Count up/count down Timer (that
counts in Real-Time, Feet-Frames,
and Time Code) with Buzzer and
Mark Point functions
The Frame Master II also works as a
standard math calculator with Memory
and Percent functions, plus battery-sav-
ing auto shut-off.
Calculated Industries, Inc.
4840 Hytech Drive, Carson City, NV 89706 USA
Tech Support TEL: [phone] • FAX: [phone]
http://www.calculated.com
User’s Guide – 3

NTSC (“SMPTE”) Time Code
There are two types of NTSC 30 frames-
per-second (fps) time code commonly
used in North America and Japan: Non-
Drop Frame (30NDF) and Drop Frame
(30DF). These time codes are both differ-
ent than real clock time since they typi-
cally run at a reference rate of 59.94 Hz
rather than true clock rate of 60 Hz: Since
each video frame is composed of 2 inter-
laced fields, the NTSC signal translates to
59.94 fields per second, which, when
divided by 2 fields per frame, yields 29.97
fps, not 30. The resultant speed is 0.1%
slower than real time.
Non-Drop Frame Time Code
Commonly used because of its simplic-
ity, Non-Drop Frame Time Code makes
no attempt the compensate for this real
time discrepancy — about 3.6 seconds in
one “hour” of 30NDF time code (i.e., one
“hour” of 30NDF time code equals
approximately 1 hour and 3.6 seconds of
real time). Again, this is when the time
code is referenced to 59.94 Hz.
GETTING STARTED
4 – Frame Master
®
II

Drop Frame Time Code
Drop Frame time code was developed to
compensate for the error between 30
NDF time code and 29.97 NTSC signal
speed. In Drop Frame, the first two
frame numbers (:00 and :01) are dropped
at the start of each minute, except for
minutes ending in zero (0, 10, 20, 30, 40
and 50). In one “hour” of Drop Frame
time code, this amounts to 108 frames
(54 x 2 =108) skipped, or about 3.6 sec-
onds of real-time.
While Drop Frame time code is said
to be real-time accurate, it only synchro-
nizes to real-time at these 10-minute
marks (and even then it is not 100% ac-
curate), but it’s generally “close enough.”
Both types of NTSC time code may
be referenced to 60 Hz rather than 59.94
Hz; this is common in audio recording.
In this case, 30NDF time code is “time-
accurate” and 30DF time code runs 0.1%
faster than real time. Your calculator may
be set to run NTSC time code at either
59.94 Hz (the default) or 60 Hz.
For more information on video time
codes, refer to SMPTE Standard ANSI/-
SMPTE 12M-1995, available from the
Society of Motion Picture and Television
Engineers (SMPTE), White Plains, NY.
User’s Guide – 5

Other Time Codes
The Frame Master II also contains two
other Time Code modes: (a) 25 fps
(PAL/SECAM) and (b) Custom Time
Code, which can be set to any speed
from 1-100 fps (the default setting is
“true” clock-accurate 30 fps — i.e., 30
fps referenced to 60 Hz).
Note: Both these are “true” speeds in
that they need no adjustments to
synchronize them to real-time.
Conversions
Before moving on, it is very important
to understand how conversions are
done on the calculator, as there are var-
ious standards used throughout the
world. The three conversion methods
used on this calculator:
(1) Frame to Frame — Each frame of
one format is converted to one frame
of another format (i.e., NTSC Non-
Drop Frame Time Code to NTSC
Drop Frame Time Code — the time
code changes, but the number of
frames stays constant).
6 – Frame Master
®
II

(2) Frame Rate to Frame Rate — Con-
versions are based on the respective
frame rates at ratio of those frame
rates (i.e., theatrical film shot at 24
fps to NTSC video running at 30
fps, referenced to 59.94 Hz or 60
Hz, depending on the selected Hz
reference; if referenced to 59.94,
the film speed will be slowed down
to 23.976 for an even frame con-
version). This conversion will result
in more or less frames converted,
such as happens with a “3:2 Pull-
Down.”
(3) Time-Based — Values are con-
verted strictly based on actual time
(i.e., NTSC video to PAL video).
How the Frame Master II Converts
Here is a listing of the more common
types of conversions and how they are
converted on the Frame Master II. Be-
cause of the various methods employed,
multiple conversions of the same en-
tered value may change when re-con-
verted back to the original entry format
— unless this is done in the exact
reverse order of conversion.
User’s Guide – 7

NTSC/NTSC Frame to Frame.
NTSC/Film Rate to Rate.
NTSC/PAL Time-based.
Film/PAL Frame to Frame.
Film/Cust TC Frame to Frame.
PAL/Cust TC Frame to Frame.
Film/Film Frame to Frame.
All conversion to real time (H:M:S) are,
of course, time-based.
Special Note to Users of the Original
Frame Master/Plus Calculators
If you use or used the original Frame
Master/Frame Master®Plus, the con-
versions you get on this new model will
differ substantially. All conversions on
our original model(s) were time-based,
which often led to unexpected results.
The ones used here are based on typical
worldwide industry standards. Some
applications, however, will vary, but
normally there will be a means to con-
vert almost all formats using your
desired method.
8 – Frame Master
®
II

Power On & Off
Turn the calculator on by pressing the
[On/C] key.
To turn it off, press the [Off] key.
Auto Shut-Off
The calculator will turn itself off if it is
not used within 8-10 minutes, except
when the Stop-Watch/Timer is active.
(1) When the Stop-Watch/Timer is
counting up, the calculator will
shut off after 8 hours if you have
not used it during that time. This
will vary slightly if you’re timing in
non-real time modes such as NTSC
Time Code.
(2) When the Stop-Watch/Timer is
counting down, the calculator will
shut off if you do not use it within
8-10 minutes after the timer
reaches zero.
User’s Guide – 9

Key Definitions/Functions
[+] [–] [x] [÷] [=]
Arithmetic operation keys.
[%]
Four-function percent key.
[0] – [9]
Digits used for entering numbers.
[•]
Decimal point.
[Off] — Off Key
Turns all power off.
AC
Rem
Time Code
Stop Watch/Timer
∆ %
Film
AAdj fps
B Sub
F RAME M ASTER
®
II
÷
8
4 5 6
7 9
+
On/C
Off
Prefs
Frms
35mm
Cust
Out
In Dur
Sync
30 NDF30 NDF 30 DF
Cus TC
%
fps
H:M:S
Mark Dec
16mm
G o/Stop
25 PAL
Stor
Conv
Sum
10 – Frame Master
®
II