Casio FX-CG20 User manual

1
User Guide for
the operations of
the FX-CG20.
Graphic Calculator

2
Graphic calculators are complex and powerful
tools for the modern teaching of mathematics.
This brief guide is intended as a workbook
on the key applications and functionality of
the FX-CG20. For more detailed information,
the user guide is also available.
Casio’s range of Graphic calculators provide
leading technologies with intuitive user-interfaces,
providing teachers and students with maths tools
which truly develop the understanding and aid
better results.
We hope you enjoy working with your
CASIO Graphic Calculator.
Your CASIO Educational Team.
email: [email protected]
PREFACE
www.casio.co.uk/education

Preface............................................................... 2
Table of contents ................................................. 3
Device Overview................................................ 4
Keypad................................................................ 4
Applications......................................................... 5
Reset................................................................... 6
Main menu & menu navigator .............................. 7
Language setting................................................. 7
Basic settings & commands ................................ 8
RUN-MAT Applications ..................................... 9
Simple calculations.............................................. 9
Input options ..................................................... 10
Calculating with commands............................... 11
Working with variables/ angles........................... 12
Matrices in a natural display............................... 13
Matrix editor ...................................................... 14
Calculating with matrices................................... 15
Numerical Equation Solver ............................. 16
GRAPH- Graphics Application Overview ....... 17
Menu................................................................. 17
SETUP .............................................................. 18
Graphics window............................................... 19
TRACE .............................................................. 20
ZOOM ............................................................... 21
V-WIN................................................................ 22
SKETCH............................................................ 23
G-SOLVE........................................................... 24
Curves............................................................... 26
Functions with parameters................................. 27
Plotting images.................................................. 28
Screen capture (internal).................................... 30
TABLE- Table Values Apply............................. 31
DYNA- Dynamic Graphics............................... 32
Editor and sub-menus ....................................... 32
Display and window settings.............................. 33
STAT- Statistics application ............................ 34
Lists and graphical representation ..................... 34
Statistical parameters & commands................... 35
Commands list .................................................. 35
Regression ........................................................ 36
Binomial distribution .......................................... 37
Spreadsheet Calculations ............................... 39
Text and formula entry ....................................... 39
Copy and fill areas ............................................. 40
Format cells/ colour........................................... 41
e.Activity .......................................................... 42
Structure and strips ........................................... 42
Save.................................................................. 43
LINK- application............................................. 44
Screen capture (BMP for PC)............................. 44
Data transfer- calculator- calculator ................... 45
Data transfer- calculator- OHP........................... 45
CONTENTS

4
Device Overview: Keypad
USB connection 3-pin connector
cable
Functions button
Cursor
Main Menu
Variable
allocation
Power ON
Power OFF
Calculate
confirm range
Options for
commands
and variables
[SHIFT]Button –
second assignment
(yellow)
[ALPHA]Button –
third assignment
(red)
Variables –
Button (red)

5
Applications
OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN APPLICATION
Run – Matrix
Main application, calculations,
numerical differentiation
and integration, random
numbers, matrix algebra
and combinations.
Statistics
Statistics application,
data entry and analysis,
list functions, graphical
and numerical regression.
Spreadsheets
Spreadsheet calculations
application.
Graph
Graphics application,
graphical representation of
functions, graphical analysis.
Dynamic Graph
Dynamic graphics
application, dynamic
representation of
functions with arguments.
Equation
Numerical equation solver.
solving of equations and
equations systems.
Link
communication settings.
set the cable type and
the transmission.
System
System settings.
adjust the contrast,
language, clearing the
memory, initialising.

6
The Reset is used to reset the calculator to the factory default settings
(initialization)or the Deleting Setup settings, variable eActivities,
programs or add-ins.
Often, a reset is required before exams. The following example deletes
all data but retains installed additional programs (Add-ins)in memory.
System settings
open the system application.
Select a Reset with *F5*
Reset Menu
Here you will find several options e.g only the Setup settings (default
*F5* setting)to place a hold. For initialization with *F6* of the next
page access.
Initialization
With *F1* one can now delete the main memory and storage and the
device to initialize. Add-ins are maintained.
With *F2* the main memory and mass and all add-ins will be deleted.
Reset
Initialization
• Open system Application
• *F5* Reset
• *F6* Next Page
• *F1* Main memory and mass
This procedure will erase all data – but receives the add-ins.

7
Application areas can be opened from the Main menu.
[MENU]Main Menu
With the key [MENU], one can return to the Main menu.
Opening and Closing an application
Use the Cursor keys (^)(<)(>)to the desired application and open the
application with [EXE]Alternatively, each application-icon is assigned
a number or letter, which will take one directly to the application
(without using the [ALPHA]key.)For example, [5]for the Graphics
application.
Scroll to the bottom of the main menu to reach other applications.
Leave the application with [MENU]
Language settings
The instructions are in English; there are five languages the language
user can choose from, English is preset.
Set language: [MENU][AB/C][Settings][F3](Sprache)(down)
(choose with cursor)[F1](confirm selection)[EXIT][MENU]
Control keys
instructions and sub-menus are called using the function keys (F1-F6)
Bright entries: Command is executed.
Dark entries: Here are other possible choices.
Navigation in the Main Menu
• Open an application: choose with (^)(<)(>),
confirm with [EXE]
• Close and application: [MENU]
• Function keys (F1-F6)to the sub-menu options.
Main Menu and Menu Navigation

8
In the SETUP, default settings of each application can be changed.
Using the keys [OPTN]and [VARS], depending on the application,
commands and variables are entered
SETUP
In the SETUP, the basic settings for each application is set:
[SHIFT][MENU](SETUP)
Important settings in SETUP of RUN-MATRIX- application:
– Square (Angle):degree measure (Deg),
Radians (RAD), Grads (Gra)
– Output Mode (display):specify decimal places (Fix),
Exponent notation (Sci)
Selection of settings using the Control buttons.
Save and Exit the SETUP with [EXIT]
The Option- key [OPTN]
With the Options-key, instructions will appear, e.g. in the
RUN-MATRIX-application of the command, RanInt# (a,b)
for whole random numbers between a and b or nCr to
calculate the Binomial coefficient.
[OPTN][F6](>)[F3](PROB)
The Variables- key [VARS]
With the Variables-key, Variables (from other applications)will appear,
e.g. RUN-MATRIX-application: access to the functions of the Graphics
application: [VARS][F4](GRPH)[F1](Y)
Basic Settings and Commands
Basic settings and Commands
• SETUP: Basic Settings
• The Options-key [OPTN]delivers commands.
• The Variables-key [VARS]provides access to system
variables (from other applications)

9
RUN-MAT Applications:
Simple Calculations
(Simple)calculations are performed in the RUN-MATRIX-application.
Input Mode
The input Mode “Math” (Natural Display)is set in the
applications RUN-MATRIX, TABLE, GRAPH, DYNOGRAPH
nd EQUATIONS default.
To select the Input Mode, the SETUP of each application is opened:
[SHIFT][MENU][F1](Input mode: Math).
Confirm the setting with [EXIT]. The activation of, “natural Displays”
is to recognise a rectangular Cursor form.
Simple Calculations in the RUN-MATRIX- application
~ Enter 4x13 and perform the calculation with [EXE], the result is 52.
~ Calculating with fractions:
Input: numerator [A B/C]denominator
Mixed Fraction: [SHIFT][A B/C]number (>)Count (>)denominator
~ Convert results:
Fraction --> Decimal: [F-> D]
Mixed Fraction --> Proper fraction: [SHIFT][F-> ]
~ Root: [SHIFT][x^2]
~ Specific Differential:
[OPTN][F4][F2]Term (>)Differentiation position
~ Specific Integral:
[OPTN][F4][F4]Term (>)lower bound (>)upper bound (>)[EXE]
~ Logarithm to the base n:
[OPTN][F4][F6][F4]
Simple Calculations
• Performing calculations: [EXE]
• Calculating with roots, logarithms,
powers of templates etc
• Results Display switch: Fraction --> Decimal

10
Input Options
Inputs, also in already-running calculations, can be edited
and changed.
Inserting and Deleting Entries
To insert: Place the cursor at the position the expression should be
inserted. Make entries.
Overwrite: [SHIFT][DEL]
To Delete: Place the cursor to the right of the expression to be
deleted. Delete entries with [DEL](will be deleted from the left cursor).
To delete rows: Place the cursor to the row to be deleted, [F2](DEL)
[F1](DEL-L)[F1]
To clear screen: [F2](DEL)[F2](DEL-A)[F1]
To Copy
Place the cursor on the row to be copied. Copy-function is called with
[SHIFT][8](CLIP). Copy by using [F1](CPY-L). Paste (anywhere)with
[SHIFT][9](PASTE).
Sequence storage (History)(^)(down)and Ans-function
After a calculation, use the cursors (^)(down)to bounce back to the
last calculation.
The most recently calculated result is stored in each case under Ans
([SHIFT][(-)] and can be accessed for further calculations.
Input Options, Expiration Memory
• To delete entries [DEL]
• To clear screen [F2][F2][F1]
• To Copy [SHIFT][8]and to insert [SHIFT][9](^)(down)
to go to the last entry

11
Calculating with commands
Command Structure
Every calculation with a command has a specific structure:
Command (Term, Parameter).The number of parameters may
vary according to the command.
Parameters are seperated with [,]
Example
Calculation of zeros: SolveN ([OPTN][F4][F5]):
SolveN (Term or Equation [, Variable][,lower bound][, upper bound])
The lower and upper bound of the Variable may be omitted.
If no variable is specified, an automatic calculation of the
Variable X will be made.
Up to 10 results are displayed simultaneously.
Number sequence: Seq ([OPTN][F1][F5])
Seq (Form1, Variable, Start value, end value, range)
The number sequence may be organised into a Variables list,
e.g. assigned to List 1.
Binomial Distribution ([OPTN][F5][F3][F5]):
BinomialPD (k,n,p)
BinomialPD ({k1, k2,...},n,p)
Unit Conversion ([OPTN][F6][F1])
Simple Calculations
• Call the commands using the [OPTN]- key.
• Perfom each calculation using [EXE]
• General Command Structure:
Command (Term, Parameter)
• Separate the Parameter using [,]

12
Working with Variables/Squares
Since all calculations are numerically performed, the calculations with
Variables must be assigned one value.
Assigning Variable values
To assign values to variables, the key [-->]must be used.
Value --> Variable (letters from A-Z with [ALPHA]- key)
Calculating with Variables
Assigned values from 123 to the Variable A.
Total storage of the sum A+2 of the Variable B.
Indication of the value of the Variable B.
Deleting Variables
Delete a Variable through the assignment from 0.
Or performing a reset: Here, the values of the Variables are
set back to 0.
Square:
The Square under the Angle in the SETUP of each application is set:
Degree measure (DEG), Radians (RAD), Grads (GRA).
Another possible use for the symbols, e.g. sin30 = 0,5: [OPTN](>)
[F5](ANGL)
Variables / Squares
• Assign variable values: Value --> Variable
• Delete variable valuee: 0 --> Variable
• Adjusting squares: SETUP, Angle

13
Matrices in a Natural Display
The input mode, “ Natural Display” provides a simple method for
calculations with matrices.
Entering Matrices
Access the Matrix template with: [F4](MATH)[F1](MAT).
Selection of rows- (m)and number of columns (n)with [F1]to [F3]
and input the matrix entries using the Cursors.
The matirx can use the assignment arrow of a matrix variable,
e.g. Mat A, is assigned.
Edit the Matrix Entries
The matrix of the variables are assigned, and will be stored in the
matrix editor and can be edited.
[F3](> MAT), Select Matrix, [EXE]
Calculations with Matrices in the Natural Display
Enter a command and the matrix or matrix variable.
Rref-command for Diagonalisation of Matrices
Call the Rref- command: [OPTN][F2](MAT)[F6](>)[F5](Rref)
Matrices in Natural Display
• Inputing a Matrix: [F4][F1]
• Storing variables in a Matrix: Matrix --> Mat Variable
• Calculator commands before the Matrix / Matrix variable
has been entered.

14
Matrix Editor
Matrix editor: Setting the matrix – Types
Select a Matrix with the Cursor buttons (^)(down)and enter the
rows- (m)and number of columns- (n), e.g. [3][EXE][3][EXE][EXE]
for a 3 x 3 Matrix.
Inputs
Open the input fields of the Matrix, e.g. Mat A, with [EXE]
Enter the values line by line, confirming each with [EXE]
Row Calculations
By pressing [F1](R-OP),the menu for row calculations is opened.
Swap: Interchange of rows Scalar multiplication of a specified line
Addition of multiples from one row to another. Addition of one
row to another.
XRw: Among the points ROW and COL, more rows or column
operations can be performed.
Rw+: To add or Delete Rows/Columns [F2]Row (row)/ [F3]COL
(column): DEL (Delete); INS (Insert); ADD (add)
Among the points ROW and COL, more rows or column operations
can be performed.
To add or delete rows/columns
[F2]Row (row)/ [F3} COL (column)
DEL (Delete); INS (Insert); ADD (add)
Matrix Editor
• Creating and editing a Matrix
• A maximum of 26 Matrices can be processed.

15
Calculations with Matrices
Arithmetic operations on Matrices
By pressing the [OPTN]key and [F2], the arithmetic operations
for the matrices will be shown, and can be selected, e.g.:
– Determinant of Matrix A: [OPTN][F2](MAT)[F3](Det)[F1](Mat)
[ALPHA][X, Ø, T](A)
– Transpose a Matrix: Trn
– Unit Matrix: Iden
– Dimension of the Matrix: Dim
– Upper triangular form of the Matrix: Ref
– Diagonalisation of the Matrix: Rref
– Exponentiation, e.g. Squaring the Matrix A: Mat A^2
The most recently calculated result is stored in the Matrix
variable Mat Ans.
Calculations with Matrices
• Arithmetic operations for Matrices: [OPTN][F2]
• Recall the last result using Mat Ans

16
Numerical Equation Solver
The “Equation”- application is used for the numerical solving of
equations. Three types of equations can be solved:
– (Uniquely solvable)Linear Equation systems with 2-5 Unknowns.
– Polynomial equations 2-6 Order.
– General Equations (Solver)
Selecting the Type of Equation
Once the “Equations”- application is opened, a selection bar will
appear. Select the Equation type with [F1]- [F3]
Linear Equation system (Simultaneous)
Before values are entered, the numbers of the unknowns
must be entered.
The input pattern is displayed at the top of the screen.
Note: The “Equations”- application computes the unique solution,
detachable LGS. To determine the over or under certain LGS,
the Matrix notation and Rref-command is required. (vgl. S.17)
Polynomial Equations
2-6 Grades from the polynomial equations can be solved. The input
pattern is displayed at the top of the screen.
General Equations (solver)
Input an equation (equality sign: [SHIFT][.])and enter the
start value for the calculation. Solve the equation by pressing [F6]
(SOLVE)
Numerical Equations solver
•
Linear Equation system
•Polynomial Equations
•General Equations

17
GRAPH- Application overview:
Menu
The Graphic application is for the graphical representation of functions and
their investigation. It has two main windows: the Graphic editor to enter the
function terms, and the Graphic window to show graphs of functions.
In the Graphic editor, up to 20 terms can be entered (Y1-Y20)
Entering Function Terms
Function terms are entered with the help of the Variable- button
[X, Ø, T]. Entries are confirmed with [EXE]
Menu of the Graphics Editor
SELECT [F1]:
For the Graphic, the displayed function term must be selected.
The selection is stored in the deposited black equal sign.
DELETE [F2]:
Deletes the Function terms.
TYPE [F3]:
Select the Function types, e.g.
Equation Y1= ([F1])
Parametric Function Parm ([F3])
Inequality > ([F6])
TOOL [F4]:
e.g. Select the line style: Points, lines, etc.
MODIFY [F5]:
Direct modification from Parameters in the Graphic view.
DRAW [F6]:
Show selected Terms (SEL)
Graphic Application – OVERVIEW
•
Enter terms in the Graphics editor- up to 20 functions.
• Represent the functions graph in the graphics window:
Select the function term and draw the graphical
representation with [F6](DRAW)

18
SETUP/Save Images
SETUP of Graphic Windows
Basic settings for the graphical representation:
Angle: Square set
Grid: Show or hide grid
Axes: Show or hide coordinate axes
Derivative: Display the derivative in the graphics window
Dual Screen: Split screen
Background: Show wallpaper
Simul Graph: Display graphics simultaneously
Save Image
An image can be saved using the [OPTN]-key and [F1](PICTURE)
[F1](STORE). Stores up to 20 images.
To recall a saved image: [OPTN][F1](PICT)[F2](RCL)
Background image
To recall an image: [OPTN][F1](PICTURE)[F2](RECALL)as the
background, e.g. to study the intersections of the two functions.
Graphic Application – SETUP
• Settings of the Graphics window (Angles, Axes, etc):
[SHIFT][MENU]
• Use a saved image as the background
• In the application, the “LINK” image transfer must stand as
“on”. Otherwise, the Bitmaps that are created, can be read
from the PC (screenshots)

19
The Graphics Window
Inside the Graphics window, lies a variety of opportunities to
display and also graphically analyse functions. Represent the
function graphs of a selected function term using [F6]
TRACE [F1]
Follow a term using the Cursor keys
See Page 20.
V-WIN [F3]view window
Adjusting the display window and axis- scaling.
See Page 22.
G-SOLVE [F5]Graphical solution
Determine the zeros, extremes and intersections, etc
See Page 24.
ZOOM [F2]
Increase or decrease the display area for the Graphic.
See Page 21.
SKETCH [F4]
Drawing of various auxiliary lines, tangents,
asymtotes, etc See Page 23.
G-->T [F6]
Switch between video and graphics editor window
without the function being redrawn.
Graphic Application – GRAPHIC WINDOW
• Tracking Mode [F1](Trace)
• Calculating Zeros, Extrema, etc.
• Setting the Graphics Window: [F3](V-WIN)

20
TRACE [F1]
With the TRACE-function (follow), graphs can be “expired”, e.g. for
a first overview on a graph. Additionally, you can put special items
together into a table of values using the TRACE- function.
TRACE [F1]
Select the TRACE-function with the [F1]-button. Now, the graph can
be expired using the Cursor- keys (<)(>)
When displaying multiple graphs, Select the Graph with (^)(down)
and [EXE]
TRACE with Split Screen (Dual Screen)
To document the values at certain points, the Setting split screen is
selected: To recall the SETUP press [SHIFT][MENU]
To select the Dual Screen, “GtoT” (Graph to Table)use [F2]
TRACE: Documented values
Navigate the split screen mode with the Cursor keys (<)(>)and confirm
the values that should have been added to the value table with [EXE]
The item is included in the value table.
Edit Table
Using [OPTN][F1], the table entries can now be changed,
individual or all entries are deleted.
R-DEL Deletes a row.
A-DEL Deletes the entire table.
TRACE- To Call
•
[F1]TRACE
• Navigate with the Cursors (<)(>)
• By entering a value, a point can be accessed directly.
• A point can be emphasised with [EXE]
• Split screen (Dual Screen function)to create a table of values.