Centroid OAK Manual

CENTROID
Oak Board Install Manual
Last revised 6/3/2021
Page 1 of 86

Change Log V10
423
Update for website
Change Log (v9)
04/19/19
Author: 423
Major Update for CNC12 v4.14
Change Log (v8)
02/08/17
Change Log (v3)
Change Log (v2)
04/10/19 Version on website uptill publish of
Page 2 of 86

SERVO DRIVE WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER DAMAGE BY FAULTY MOTORS OR WIRING.
The information provided by CENTROID relating to wiring, installation, and operation of CNC components is intended only
as a guide, and in all cases a qualified technician and all applicable local codes and laws must be consulted. CENTROID makes
no claims about the completeness or accuracy of the information provided, as it may apply to an infinite number of field conditions.
As CNC control products from CENTROID can be installed on a wide variety of machine tools NOT sold or support by
CENTROID, you MUST consult and follow all safety instructions provided by your machine tool manufacture regarding
the safe operation of your machine and unique application.
Servo Motor Handling
When working with servo motors:
·NEVER pick up or carry the motor by the cables or the shaft. (Always carry by the frame.) Use a crane or lift to move the
motor when necessary.
·NEVER drop or subject the motor to impact. The servo motor is a precision device.
·NEVER set heavy or sharp objects on the motor or cables. Do not step or sit on the motor or cables.
·NEVER use a metal hammer on any part of the motor. If it is absolutely necessary to use a hammer, use a plastic
hammer.
Keep the motor properly secured and away from the edge of the work area when servicing the motor, as a dropped motor could
cause personal injury or destroy the motor.
Page 3 of 86

Basic Safety Procedures and Best Practices
For Motors
Be safely dressed when handling a motor. Wear safety shoes and gloves. Avoid loose clothing which can get caught on the
motor. Be careful not to let hair get caught in the rotary section of the motor. Do not handle the motor with wet hands.
Shut off the power before working on a motor. Wait at least 5 minutes after the motor is shut off before touching any power
terminals.
Ensure that the motor and motor related components are mounted securely. Ensure that the base or frame to which the motor is
mounted to is strong enough.
Do not touch the rotary section of the motor when it is running unless instructed to.
When attaching a component having inertia to the motor, ensure any imbalance between the motor and component is minimized.
Be sure to attach a key to a motor with a keyed shaft.
Use the motor in appropriate environmental conditions. Do not store flammables in close proximity to the motor. When not in use,
store the motor in a dry location between 0° to 40° C.
Do not remove the nameplate from a motor.
For Circuit Boards
Minimize handling circuit boards as much as possible. If you must hold a circuit board, grab it by the edges as shown below in
figure 2. Avoid touching any of the circuits, components, or component leads. Improper handling lead to ESD (electrostatic
discharge) which can damage the PCB, and shorten the operational lifespan.
Keep the work are free from static generating materials such as Styrofoam, vinyl, plastic, and fabrics.
Page 4 of 86
Figure 1.
Improper PCB Handling Figure 2.
Proper PCB Handling

Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................................7
Before You Begin........................................................................................................................................................................7
Useful Resources.......................................................................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 1 WHAT'S INCLUDED ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.1 Oak Board............................................................................................................................................................................8
1.2 Cables..................................................................................................................................................................................9
1.3 Overview............................................................................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2 CONNECTING COMPONENTS FOR A BENCH TEST .................................................................................. 11
2.1 Bench Test – Tools and Equipment...................................................................................................................................11
2.2 Bench Test – Power Supply Configuration........................................................................................................................12
2.3 Bench Test – Communication Configuration.....................................................................................................................13
2.4 Bench Test – Connecting Accessories..............................................................................................................................14
2.5 Bench Test – Powering On & Verifying LED States..........................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 3 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................. 17
3.1 Windows Software Preinstallation.....................................................................................................................................17
3.2 CNC 12 Software Installation.............................................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURING FOR A BENCH TEST ..................................................................................................... 23
4.1 Bench Test – CNC12 Software Configuration...................................................................................................................23
4.2 Oak Bench Test.................................................................................................................................................................27
CHAPTER 5 ELECTRICAL CABINET WIRING ........................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Introduction to Electrical Cabinet Wiring............................................................................................................................30
5.2 Electrically Configuring Inputs on the Oak Board..............................................................................................................33
5.3 Install Major Components in Cabinet.................................................................................................................................35
5.4 Wiring E-Stop.....................................................................................................................................................................36
5.5 Wiring Limit Switches.........................................................................................................................................................37
5.6 Wiring Lube Pump.............................................................................................................................................................38
5.7 Wiring Coolant Pump.........................................................................................................................................................39
5.8 Wiring Spindle....................................................................................................................................................................40
5.9 Wiring 3rd Party Servo Amplifiers to the Oak Board.........................................................................................................43
CHAPTER 6 FINAL SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................... 44
6.1 Programing your Third Party Drive....................................................................................................................................44
6.2 Confirm Encoder Communication......................................................................................................................................46
6.3 Clearing Software Faults....................................................................................................................................................47
6.4 Motor Software Setup........................................................................................................................................................48
6.5 Spindle Setup.....................................................................................................................................................................51
6.6 Configure Axes to Move Correct Distance.........................................................................................................................53
6.7 Homing the Machine..........................................................................................................................................................54
6.8 Tune the PID......................................................................................................................................................................56
6.9 Backlash Compensation....................................................................................................................................................57
Page 5 of 86

6.10 Software Travel Limits.....................................................................................................................................................58
6.11 Performing a System Test...............................................................................................................................................60
6.12 Create A Report...............................................................................................................................................................60
CHAPTER 7 APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................... 61
Appendix A - Troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................................61
Appendix B - Technical Information...................................................................................................................................................63
Appendix C - 3rd Party Drive Cable Information.................................................................................................................................83
Page 6 of 86

INTRODUCTION
This manual describes how to install the Centroid CNC (Computer Numerical Control) system with an OAK CNC Control. The PC
based system provides up to four axes (upgradable to eight axes) of closed loop servo interpolated motion, controlled by industry
standard G-Codes.
The Oak can be used for the CNC control of milling machines, routers, lathes, flame cutters, plasma cutters, laser cutters, water
jet cutters, drill presses, grinders, and other specialized applications.
This installation manual covers the most common Oak hardware setups. For the rest of the manual, we will assume the
installation is a three axis mill.
This system is intended to be installed by competent installers, retro-fitters, and machine tool builders who want to do their own
installation. This installation manual is not intended for casual end users. Users of this manual should be comfortable with the
following:
•basic wiring
•reading basic electrical schematics
•PC skills (copying, pasting, extracting zip files, knowledge of directories)
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
Installing the Centroid CNC12 based Oak Board system is a straight forward process if the directions are followed. Before getting
started, please take the time to familiarize yourself with the schematics, manuals and installation instructions.
While doing the installation, it is very important that you follow the instructions exactly and in order. Doing the installation
incrementally and testing as you go will allow you to immediately isolate the cause of any problems that you may run into.
Additional troubleshooting is included in the appendices.
USEFUL RESOURCES
Appendix A includes troubleshooting procedures for various common problems.
If you run into a problem first refer to the troubleshooting procedure, then the Appendix.
Centroid Product Manuals: http://www.centroidcnc.com/centroid_diy/centroid_manuals.html
Oak CNC Standard Schematics: https://www.centroidcnc.com/downloads/oak/centroid_oak_schematic_set.zip
Centroid’s YouTube Channel: Centroid CNC Technical Support
martyscncgarage YouTube video series: FADAL TRM meets Centroid (more to come)
Free community support: Centroid Community CNC Support Forum
Centroid CNC Tech Bulletins: http://www.centroidcnc.com/centroid_diy/tech_bulletins/browse.php
Centroid Allin1DC and Accessories: https://www.centroidcnc.com/centroid_diy/oak_cnc_controller.html
Centroid CNC Components: http://www.centroidcnc.com/centroid_diy/cnc_components.html
Oak Installation Photo Album https://photos.app.goo.gl/RL9DRbY3wzuWJN9L9
Paid factory tech support is available by Phone or Email: Purchase Tech Support
Page 7 of 86 Introduction

CHAPTER 1 WHAT'S INCLUDED
1.1 OAK BOARD
The following components are included with your Oak Board:
1. Oak Board .....................................................................................................................................Part Number 13126
2. Power supply...................................................................................................................................Part Number 7135
3. Power supply Output cable............................................................................................................Part Number 13106
4. Seven position terminal block..........................................................................................................Part Number 2611
5. Twenty position terminal block........................................................................................................Part Number 3450
6. 2 Ten position terminal block...........................................................................................................Part Number 3904
7. 4 Twelve volt SIPs (color and appearance may vary).....................................................................Part Number 4152
8. 4 Five volt SIPs (color and appearance may vary).........................................................................Part Number 3956
Page 8 of 86 Chapter 1 What's included
2 Power Supply
3
4
1 Oak Board
5
67
8
SIPs
Power Supply
Output Cable
Terminal Block

1.2 CABLES
Centroid offers the following cables for purchase:
1. Probe Cable (multiple lengths available) .................................................................................................Part # 11211
2. Jog Panel Cable (multiple lengths available) (Supplied with Jog Panel)........................................Part #12991 (10 ft)
3. MPG Cable (multiple lengths available)..........................................................................................Part #12987 (10 ft)
4. Ethernet Cable (multiple lengths available)................................................................Part # 6144 (6 ft), #7269 (15 ft)
5. Drive Cable..................................................................................................................................Part Numbers Below
Drive Centroid Part Number
Delta ASDA-A2 13131
Estun 13132
Yaskawa Sigma I, II, V 13134
Flying Lead 13133
6. Console Extension Cable (Custom Lengths Available) .......................................................Part Number 11028 (6 ft)
◦Includes Jog, MPG, Ethernet. Console Power, and E-stop cables
Page 9 of 86 Chapter 1 What's included
1 Probe Cable 2 Jog Panel Cable
3 MPG Cable 4 Ethernet Cable 5 Drive Cable

1.3 OVERVIEW
Page 10 of 86 Chapter 1 What's included

CHAPTER 2 CONNECTING COMPONENTS FOR A BENCH TEST
The first step in installing the new system is performing a bench test. A “bench test” consists of connecting all of the electronics
together to test them before installing the system in a machine.
The bench test ALWAYS needs to be performed BEFORE applying HIGH VOLTAGE to the drive, not bench testing could cause
physical harm to the technician or operator and permanent damage to the hardware.
Bench Testing the Oak is shown in martyscncgarage video: Centroid CNC Oak CNC12 4 14 Software Install and Oak
Benchtest
2.1 BENCH TEST – TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
•Picking a good location: A bench test needs to be performed on a large table or desk with good lighting and easy
access to electrical outlets.
◦A clean wooden surface is an ideal test bench location.
◦The surface should NOT be made out of metal or contain metal scraps or shavings.
•Some method of powering the board on and off. An outlet strip with an “on/off” switch and some 120VAC power cords is
the recommended and easiest method.
•A PC with an internet connection, or a Centroid console unit (comes with CNC12 already installed).
Note: The PC must meet the specifications listed in Technical Bulletin 273, which can be found here:
(http://www.centroidcnc.com/dealersupport/tech_bulletins/uploads/273.pdf)
•Small screw driver set
•Digital Multimeter
•Some method of splicing wires such as crimp terminals or a terminal block.
•Wire Strippers
Page 11 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test

2.2 BENCH TEST – POWER SUPPLY CONFIGURATION
Connect Oak Board to the power supply: Follow the instructions below.
1) Connect the supplied cables to the Mean Well power supply and the plug labeled Power on the Oak board. Connect
position 1 and 2 from H1 on the Oak Board to V4 and COM respectively.
2) Splice a 110 V power cord to the power supply AC input. Live to L, Neutral to N, and Ground to ground.
Page 12 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test
Figure 2.2.1
Power Supply Connected
to Oak Board
Twisted Wires Not Included
Hot 110 V (cable not included)
Neutral 110 V (cable not included)
Ground 110V (cable not included)
V3, +24 V (H2 position 1)
-V4 (-12 V)
+V2 V (+12 V)
COM (multiple wires)
+5 V
110 V from power strip
(not included)
COM
Black
Gnd
Green
+V2 V
Yellow
+5V
Red
COM
Black
-V4
Blue
Looking at front of plug

2.3 BENCH TEST – COMMUNICATION CONFIGURATION
Connect the Shielded Ethernet Cable: Connect a shielded Ethernet cable from your Oak Board to the PC.
•A shielded Ethernet cable will have a metal clip around the RJ-45 connector as shown on the cable on the right in Figure
2.3.1.
•Centroid recommends using snagless patch cables from StarTech. Use the shortest practical cables.
This information is outlined in Technical Bulletin 251. The latest version can be found here:
http://www.centroidcnc.com/dealersupport/tech_bulletins/uploads/251.pdf
Note: An unshielded cable can cause intermittent PC Data receive errors in the software due to electronic noise and
interference.
Length (ft) Centroid Part Number
6 6144
15 7269
25 6143
Page 13 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test
Figure 2.3.2
Unshielded Ethernet cable (left) compared to
Shielded Ethernet cable (right)
Figure 2.3.1
Ethernet cable connected to PC

2.4 BENCH TEST – CONNECTING ACCESSORIES
Connect Any Accessories: Connect optional accessories
•If a Jog Panel/Pendant or MPG was ordered, please connect it to the Oak Board as seen in Figures 2.4.1 and 2.4.2.
Page 14 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test
Figure 2.4.2
MPG
Figure 2.4.1
Jog Pendant

2.5 BENCH TEST – POWERING ON & VERIFYING LED STATES
Before you begin:
Before powering on, verify that nothing metallic can touch the circuit boards and cause a short. Make sure all wiring is firmly in
place.
Switch the outlet strip on: Powering the Oak Board and any accessories.
Oak Board Status LED states:
After 15-30 seconds the status LED's should all be solid on except for DEBUG, which should flash once per second, and DF,
which doesn't turn on until the software is installed.
Figure 2.5.1 shows where these status LED's are located.
If they are not all on, or the DSP DEBUG is flashing faster than once per second, refer to the table below for troubleshooting.
Page 15 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test
-12 LED
5 LED
3.3 LED
PLC OK
DF
FPGA OK
DBUG
DSP OK
Blinks once per second
+12 LED
Off Until
Connected
to Computer
ON ON ON ON ON ON ON
Figure 2.5.1
Status LEDs on the Oak Board
Blinks once per second

Oak Board Status LED Troubleshooting
LED Symptom Possible Cause Corrective Action
All status LED's out Logic power not applied Measure AC coming into power supply,
correct wiring or supply problems
5, 3.3, 12, or -12 LED out Power supply or
connection problem
Measure AC coming into power supply,
correct wiring or supply problems
FPGA LED not lit Oak not ready Wait 45 seconds
Internal Fault Return for repair
DSP LED not lit Oak is booting up Wait 45 Seconds
DSP DEBUG LED flashing fast Detecting hardware Wait to detect hardware
DSP DEBUG LED flashing one
time per second
New drive protocols
active None, normal operation
DSP DEBUG LED flashing two
times per second
Legacy drive protocols
active
Internal fault, only new protocols should be in
use, return for repair
DF LED out
Motion control
processor section
hasn't booted up
Start software, wait for the main screen to
load
"Servo Power
Removed" due to fault
Restart system to reset runaway or other
serious fault condition
PLC OK LED out
Motion control
processor section
hasn't booted up
Start software, wait for the main screen to
load
LED1 display flashing with decimal
point lit
An error condition has
been detected
See the "LED1 Error Codes" section in Oak
Manual for details on the error
Page 16 of 86 Chapter 2 Connecting Components for a Bench Test
LED1 Display
Figure 2.5.2
LED1 Display

CHAPTER 3 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
3.1 WINDOWS SOFTWARE PREINSTALLATION
1. If you have purchased a console unit or computer from Centroid, it already comes with Windows properly configured and
the CNC12 software already installed. If you bought or built your own computer, it must meet the prerequisites listed on
the Centroid Website here http://www.centroidcnc.com/cnc_pc_performance_requirements.html and Tech Bulletin 273 -
Centroid CNC PC Minimum Hardware and Benchmark Requirements
2. To configure your own computer running Microsoft Windows 10, please use the CNC12 Windows 10 Setup Video
https://youtu.be/Akmw8ak_TlM . Once done following the video, skip to 4.1 CNC12 Software Configuration.
Appendix A below contains Technical bulletin 309 which covers this topic as well.
http://www.centroidcnc.com/dealersupport/tech_bulletins/uploads/309.pdf
Note: Microsoft Windows 10 is supported with CNC12. Microsoft Windows 8.1, 7 and older versions of Windows are not
supported. Mac OS and Linux operating systems are also not supported.
3. Before installing CNC12 all anti-virus, anti-malware, and 3rd party firewall software should be uninstalled (not
disabled) and your computer rebooted.
1) Nearly 100% of all communication problems between CNC12 and the ALLIN1DC are caused by anti-virus and
3rd party firewall software. Virus software works by stopping unusual or suspicious behavior in software, and will
almost always detect the interaction between the ALLIN1DC and the PC as unusual/suspicious and interfere with the
operation of CNC12. Firewalls work by blocking certain communication ports, and often these ports are needed for the
operation of CNC12. The default firewall built into Microsoft Windows will work fine with CNC12 if you allow access as
specified in this manual.
2) If your corporate policy requires anti-virus software, a third party firewall, or that certain Windows security features be
enabled to connect to the network, then Centroid recommends that you keep any computers with CNC12 installed
disconnected from the network.
Page 17 of 86 Chapter 3 Software Installation

3.2 CNC 12 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
With your bench configuration completely powered as described in Section 2.4 and your PC powered up, install the CNC12
Software as follows:
1. Download the latest CNC12 Software version. It is important that you download the latest version of the Centroid
CNC12 software before continuing. Click on the link to download the latest version of CNC12 software: Centroid Software
2. Navigate to the CNC12 Software you just downloaded. Depending on your Windows settings, the file you downloaded
will be displayed as “centroid-v414-D.zip”. Double click this zip folder.
3. Drag the installation folder from the compressed file to your desktop as shown below in Figure 3.2.1. The folder in
this example is called cnc12-v414-D, your version may be newer but the name will be the same other than the “v414”
which signifies the CNC12 version. Alternatively, you may extract the .zip folder to your desktop.
4. Double click the install folder. Then double click “centroid-oak-allin1dc-cnc12-v414-d_mill_and_lathe.exe” to
begin CNC12 install as seen in Figure 3.2.2
5. If “User Account Control” is enabled, Windows will ask “Do you want to allow the following program from an unknown
publisher to make changes on this computer?”. Click “Yes”. Windows 10 systems may pop up a Windows Defender
SmartScreen showing “Windows Defender SmartScreen prevented an unrecognized app from starting. Running this app might
put your PC at risk”. Click “More info”, Then Click “Run anyway”
6. Read License Agreement Read the Software license agreement for using the CNC12 Software. If you accept the terms
of the agreement, click “I Agree” to continue, Otherwise, click “Cancel”.
Page 18 of 86 Chapter 3 Software Installation
Figure 3.2.1
Copy to desktop
Figure 3.2.2
Double click “Setup”

7. Select CNC12 Mill for a Mill installation as shown in Figure 3.2.3.
Select CNC12 Lathe for a Lathe installation. For the remainder of this document we will assume the system is being
installed on a mill.
Click “Next”, accept default installation servo drive and directory (c:\) and click “Install” as seen in Figure 3.2.4. The
software will extract as shown in Figure 3.2.5.
8. Click “Next” to continue. Click “Next” in the “Installation Complete” window to continue.
9. Network Adapter Setup: (IMPORTANT: OAK needs to be powered up and connected to the CNC PC via the provided
Ethernet Cable). Click the down arrow to display the network adapters that are currently installed and select the network
adapter that is connected to the OAK as circled in Figure 3.2.7. Click “Next” to continue. When asked if you would like to
change the IP address for the adapter selected, click “yes”.
1. NOTE: Centroid recommends using a computer with two Ethernet ports. One ethernet port and one Wifi adapter is
also acceptable. That way one Ethernet port is used for the OAK, and the second wired Ethernet port can be used to
access the internet or a LAN. If you do have two Ethernet ports, install the CNC12 software with the Ethernet port that
connects to the LAN/internet disconnected.. This way the software will install to the correct Ethernet port.
2. NOTE: Your IP address will differ from those shown in the picture.
Page 19 of 86 Chapter 3 Software Installation
Figure 3.2.3
Selecting CNC12 Mill Figure 3.2.4
Select the C drive
Figure 3.2.7
Select the network adapter that is
connected to the MPU11

10. Installing a PLC program: After the CNC12 software has been installed, the installer will prompt you to install a PLC
program, select “Yes”. Click on the “+” signs next to Mill and OAK. Click on “_Centroid_Standard”, then click “Install” as
shown in Figure 2.5.7.
1. NOTE: If you have a mill, the software should default to _Mill → _OAK → _Centroid_Standard. If you have a Lathe it
should default to _Lathe → _OAK → _Centroid_Standard. Make sure the software is defaulting to the correct
program.
2. NOTE: The following is a quick reference explaining each PLC program and which schematics work with the program.
The Standard OAK schematics can be downloaded here: Oak CNC Controller Hookup Schematics
The latest version of the Chart is available as Tech bulletin 312 – Standard PLC Program Quick Reference
Page 20 of 86 Chapter 3 Software Installation
Figure 2.5.7
Install the PLC program
TB312 (Rev 0) – Standard PLC Program Quick Reference
Feature Type PLC Program Purpose Schematic
Mill ALLin1DC Standard Centroid-Mill-Standard-ALLIN1DC-r2.src
Standard_ATC Swingarm
Umbrella S14817
umbrella_no_throwaway-std-io
Custom BP-Boss S14755, S14756, S14757
Lathe ALLin1DC Standard Centroid-Lathe-Standard-ALLIN1DC-r2.src S14758, S14761, S14762
Feature Type PLC Program Purpose Schematic
Mill Oak Standard Centroid-Mill-Standard-OAK-r2.src
Standard_ATC Umbrella Centroid-Mill-Standard-OAK-ATC-Umbrella.src PLC for OAK Board and umbrella ATC S14798, S14804
Lathe Oak Standard Centroid-Lathe-Standard-OAK-r2.src
Custom 8 Tool electric turret oak-lathe-8te-v2.src S14789, S14791,
Purpose: Provide a quick reference of all Centroid Standard PLC programs so end users can choose an appropriate program that matches the system
schematic
Machine
Type
Control
Type
Machine
Features
PLC for ALLIN1DC w/ wireless MPG
and VCP
S14745, S14746, S14747,
S14748, S14749, S14750,
S14751, S14752, S14753,
S14754, S14760
Centroid-Mill-Standard-ALLIN1DC-ATC-
Umbrella.src
PLC for MPU11 and allin1dc, 16/16
umbrella atc
Centroid-Mill-Standard-ALLIN1DC-ATC-Umbrella-
Skip-First-Count.src
PLC for MPU11 and allin1dc,
standardized I/O, 16/16 umbrella atc
with no throwaway count on carousel
reversal
Centroid-Mill-Standard-ALLIN1DC-BP-Boss-
r2.src
PLC for ALLIN1DC w/ wireless MPG
and VCP
PLC for ALLIN1DC w/ wireless MPG
and VCP
Machine
Type
Control
Type
Machine
Features
PLC for OAK w/ VCP and wireless
mpg
S14765, S14773, S14774,
S14775, S14776, S14783,
S14784, S14785,
PLC for ALLIN1DC w/ wireless MPG
and VCP
S14777, S14778, S14780,
S14786, S14787, S14788
Basic Lathe PLC program for OAK
with 8-tool turret