Cisco ASR 5500 Instruction Manual

ASR 5500 System Administration Guide, StarOS Release 19
First Published: September 30, 2015
Last Modified: June 30, 2016
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CONTENTS
Preface About this Guide xxv
Conventions Used xxv
Related Documentation xxvi
MIOs and DPCs xxvi
Contacting Customer Support xxvii
CHAPTER 1 System Operation and Configuration 1
System Management Overview 1
Terminology 3
Contexts 3
Ports 3
Logical Interfaces 3
Management Interface 4
Bindings 4
Services 4
AAA Servers 5
Subscribers 5
How the System Selects Contexts 6
Context Selection for Context-level Administrative User Sessions 6
Context Selection for Subscriber Sessions 8
Understanding the ASR 5500 Boot Process 8
Understanding Configuration Files 10
IP Address Notation 11
IPv4 Dotted-Decimal Notation 11
IPv6 Colon-Separated-Hexadecimal Notation 12
CIDR Notation 12
Alphanumeric Strings 13
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Character Set 13
Quoted Strings 14
CHAPTER 2 Getting Started 15
ASR 5500 Configuration 15
Using the ASR 5500 Quick Setup Wizard 15
Using the CLI for Initial Configuration 21
Configuring the System for Remote Access 23
Configuring SSH Options 25
SSH Keys 25
Setting SSH Key Size 26
Specifying SSH Encryption Ciphers 26
Generating SSH Keys 27
Setting SSH Key Pair 27
Authorized SSH User Access 28
Authorizing SSH User Access 28
SSH User Login Authentication 28
Configuring the Management Interface with a Second IP Address 29
CHAPTER 3 System Settings 31
Configuring a Second Management Interface 31
Verifying and Saving Your Interface and Port Configuration 32
Configuring System Timing 33
Setting the System Clock and Time Zone 33
Verifying and Saving Your Clock and Time Zone Configuration 33
Configuring Network Time Protocol Support 34
Configuring NTP Servers with Local Sources 35
Using a Load Balancer 35
Verifying the NTP Configuration 35
Enabling CLI Timestamping 37
Configuring CLI Confirmation Prompts 37
Enabling Automatic Confirmation 37
Requiring Confirmation for autoconfirm and configure Commands 38
Requiring Confirmation for Specific Exec Mode Commands 38
Configuring System Administrative Users 39
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Configuring Context-level Administrative Users 40
Configuring Context-level Security Administrators 40
Configuring Context-level Administrators 40
Configuring Context-level Operators 41
Configuring Context-level Inspectors 41
Verifying Context-level Administrative User Configuration 41
Configuring Local-User Administrative Users 42
Verifying Local-User Configuration 42
Updating Local-User Database 43
Restricting User Access to a Specified Root Directory 43
Configuring an SFTP root Directory 43
Associating an SFTP root Directory with a Local User 43
Associating an SFTP root Directory with an Administrator 44
Associating an SFTP root Directory with a Config Administrator 44
Configuring TACACS+ for System Administrative Users 44
Operation 44
User Account Requirements 45
TACACS+ User Account Requirements 45
StarOS User Account Requirements 45
Configuring TACACS+ AAA Services 46
Configuring TACACS+ for Non-local VPN Authentication 47
Verifying the TACACS+ Configuration 47
Configuring a Chassis Key 48
Overview 48
Configuring a New Chassis Key Value 48
CLI Commands 48
Quick Setup Wizard 49
Configuring MIO/UMIO Port Redundancy 50
Configuring MIO/UMIO Port Redundancy Auto-Recovery 52
Verifying Port Redundancy Auto-Recovery 53
Configuring Data Processing Card Availability 53
Verifying Card Configurations 54
Enabling Automatic Reset of FSC Fabric 54
Configuring ASR 5500 Link Aggregation 54
LAG and Master Port 55
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LAG and Port Redundancy 55
LAG and Multiple Switches 55
Multiple Switches with L2 Redundancy 55
Port States for Auto-Switch 56
Hold Time 56
Preferred Slot 56
Auto-Switch Criteria 57
Link Aggregation Control 57
Minimum Links 58
Redundancy Options 59
Horizontal Link Aggregation with Two Ethernet Switches 59
Non-Redundant (Active-Active) LAG 59
Link Aggregation Status 60
Configuring a Demux Card 61
Overview 61
MIO Demux Restrictions 61
Configuration 62
CHAPTER 4 Management Settings 63
ORBEM 63
Configuring ORBEM Client and Port Parameters 64
Configuring IIOP Transport Parameters 64
Verifying ORBEM Parameters 65
SNMP MIB Browser 65
SNMP Support 68
Configuring SNMP and Alarm Server Parameters 68
Verifying SNMP Parameters 69
Controlling SNMP Trap Generation 70
CHAPTER 5 Verifying and Saving Your Configuration 71
Verifying the Configuration 71
Feature Configuration 71
Service Configuration 72
Context Configuration 72
System Configuration 72
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Finding Configuration Errors 72
Synchronizing File Systems 73
Saving the Configuration 73
CHAPTER 6 System Interfaces and Ports 75
Contexts 75
Creating Contexts 75
Viewing and Verifying Contexts 76
Ethernet Interfaces and Ports 76
Creating an Interface 77
Configuring a Port and Binding It to an Interface 77
Configuring a Static Route for an Interface 77
Viewing and Verifying Port Configuration 78
CHAPTER 7 System Security 81
Per-Chassis Key Identifier 81
MIO Synchronization 82
Protection of Passwords 82
Secure Password Encryption 82
Support for Non-Current Encryptions and Decryptions 83
Support for ICSR Configurations 83
Encrypted SNMP Community Strings 84
Lawful Intercept Restrictions 84
LI Server Addresses 84
Modifying Intercepts 85
Adding, Modifying and Removing Users 85
Notification of Users Being Added or Deleted 85
Notification of Changes in Privilege Levels 85
User Access to Operating System Shell 85
Test-Commands 86
Enabling cli test-commands Mode 86
Enabling Password for Access to CLI-test commands 86
Exec Mode cli test-commands 87
Configuration Mode cli test-commands 87
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CHAPTER 8 Software Management Operations 89
Understanding the Local File System 89
File Types Used by the Local File System 89
Understanding the boot.sys File 90
Maintaining the Local File System 90
File System Management Commands 90
Synchronizing the File System 91
Creating Directories 91
Renaming Files and Directories 91
Copying Files on the ASR 5500 Chassis 92
Deleting Files 92
Removing Directories 92
Formatting Local Devices 92
Applying Pre-existing CLI Configuration Files 93
Viewing Files on the Local File System 93
Viewing the Contents of a Local Device 93
Viewing CLI Configuration and boot.sys Files 94
Validating an Operating System File 94
Configuring the Boot Stack 95
System Boot Methods 95
Viewing the Current Boot Stack 95
Adding a New Boot Stack Entry 97
Deleting a Boot Stack Entry 97
Network Booting Configuration Requirements 97
Configuring the Boot Interface 97
Configuring the Boot Network 98
Configuring Boot Network Delay Time 99
Configuring a Boot Nameserver 99
Upgrading the Operating System Software 99
Identifying OS Release Version and Build Number 100
Verify Free Space on the /flash Device 100
Download the Software Image from the Support Site 100
Transfer StarOS Image to /flash on the Chassis 101
Saving a Copy of the Current Configuration File 101
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Downgrading from Release 15.0 to 14.0 101
Off-line Software Upgrade 102
Configure a Newcall Policy 102
Configure a Message of the Day Banner 102
Back up the Current CLI Configuration File 103
Create a New Boot Stack Entry 103
Synchronize File Systems 103
Save the Running Configuration 103
Reboot the Chassis 104
Verify the Running Software Version 104
Restoring the Previous Software Image 104
Upgrading ICSR Chassis 104
Performing Dynamic Software Updates 104
Managing License Keys 105
New System License Keys 105
Session Use and Feature Use Licenses 105
Installing New License Keys 105
Cutting and Pasting the Key 106
Adding License Keys to Configuration Files 106
License Expiration Behavior 107
Requesting License Keys 107
Viewing License Information 108
Deleting a License Key 108
Management Card Replacement and License Keys 108
Managing Local-User Administrative Accounts 108
Configuring Local-User Password Properties 108
Configuring Local-User Account Management Properties 109
Local-User Account Lockouts 109
Local-User Account Suspensions 109
Changing Local-User Passwords 109
CHAPTER 9 Monitoring the System 111
SNMP Notifications 111
Monitoring System Status and Performance 111
Clearing Statistics and Counters 113
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Monitoring ASR 5500 Hardware Status 113
CHAPTER 10 Bulk Statistics 115
Configuring Communication with the Collection Server 115
Configuring Standard Settings 115
Configuring Optional Settings 116
Configuring Bulk Statistic Schemas 116
Using show bulkstats Commands 116
Verifying Your Configuration 117
Saving Your Configuration 118
Viewing Collected Bulk Statistics Data 118
Manually Gathering and Transferring Bulk Statistics 118
Clearing Bulk Statistics Counters and Information 118
Bulkstats Schema Nomenclature 118
Statistic Types 119
Data Types 119
Bulk Statistics Event Log Messages 119
CHAPTER 11 System Logs 121
System Log Types 121
Configuring Event Logging Parameters 122
Configuring Event Log Filters 122
Exec Mode Filtering 122
Global Configuration Mode Filtering 123
Configuring syslog Servers 124
Configuring Active Logs 124
Specifying Facilities 125
Configuring Trace Logging 134
Configuring Monitor Logs 134
Enabling Monitor Logs 134
Disabling Monitor Logs 134
Viewing Logging Configuration and Statistics 135
Viewing Event Logs Using the CLI 135
Configuring and Viewing Crash Logs 136
Crash Logging Architecture 136
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Configuring Software Crash Log Destinations 137
Viewing Abridged Crash Log Information Using the CLI 138
Checkpointing Logs 139
Saving Log Files 140
Event ID Overview 140
Event Severities 149
Understanding Event ID Information in Logged Output 149
CHAPTER 12 Troubleshooting 151
Detecting Faulty Hardware 151
Licensing Issues 152
Using the CLI to View Status LEDs 152
Checking the LEDs on the PFU 152
Checking the LEDs on the MIO Card 154
MIO Run/Fail LED States 154
MIO Active LED States 155
MIO Redundancy LED States 156
MIO Master LED States 156
MIO Busy LED States 157
MIO –Interface Link LED States 157
MIO –Interface Activity LED States 158
Checking the LEDs on the DPC 158
DPC Run/Fail LED States 159
DPC Active LED States 160
DPC Redundancy LED States 161
Checking the LEDs on the FSC 161
FSC Run/Fail LED States 162
FSC Active LED States 163
FSC Redundancy LED States 163
FSC Drive n Activity LED States 164
Checking the LEDs on the SSC 165
SSC Run/Fail LED States 165
SSC Active LED States 166
SSC Redundancy LED States 167
SSC System Status LED States 167
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SSC System Service LED States 168
Testing System Alarm Outputs 168
Taking Corrective Action 168
Switching MIOs 169
Busying Out a DPC 169
Migrating a DPC 170
Halting Cards 170
Initiate a Card Halt 170
Restore a Previously Halted Card 171
Verifying Network Connectivity 171
Using the ping or ping6 Command 172
Syntax 172
Troubleshooting 172
Using the traceroute or traceroute6 Command 173
traceroute –IPv4 173
traceroute6 –IPv6 173
Viewing IP Routes 173
Viewing the Address Resolution Protocol Table 174
Using the System Diagnostic Utilities 174
Using the Monitor Utility 174
Using the Protocol Monitor 175
Using the Protocol Monitor for a Specific Subscriber 176
Generating an SSD 177
Configuring and Using the Support Data Collector 178
CHAPTER 13 System Recovery 179
Prerequisites 179
Console Access 179
Boot Image 179
Accessing the boot CLI 180
Initiate a Reboot 180
Interrupt the Boot Sequence 180
Enter CLI Mode 181
boot Command Syntax 181
Booting from a Selected Image 181
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Boot Using No Configuration FIle 181
Boot Using A Specified Configuration File 182
CHAPTER 14 Access Control Lists 183
Overview 183
Understanding ACLs 184
Rule(s) 184
Actions 184
Criteria 184
Rule Order 186
Configuring ACLs on the System 186
Creating ACLs 186
Configuring Action and Criteria for Subscriber Traffic 187
Configuring an Undefined ACL 187
Verifying the ACL Configuration 188
Applying IP ACLs 188
Applying the ACL to an Interface 190
Applying an ACL to an Individual Interface 190
Verifying the ACL Configuration on an Interface 191
Applying the ACL to a Context 191
Applying an ACL to All Traffic Within a Context 192
Verifying the ACL Configuration in a Context 192
Applying an ACL to a RADIUS-based Subscriber 193
Applying an ACL to an Individual Subscriber 194
Verifying the ACL Configuration to an Individual Subscriber 194
Applying an ACL to the Subscriber Named default 195
Applying an ACL to the Subscriber Named default 195
Verifying the ACL Configuration to the Subscriber Named default 196
Applying an ACL to Service-specified Default Subscriber 196
Applying an ACL to Service-specified Default Subscriber 197
Verifying the ACL Configuration to Service-specified Default Subscriber 197
Applying a Single ACL to Multiple Subscribers 198
Applying an ACL to Multiple Subscriber via APNs 199
Applying an ACL to Multiple Subscriber via APNs 199
Verifying the ACL Configuration to APNs 200
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CHAPTER 15 Congestion Control 201
Overview 201
Configuring Congestion Control 202
Configuring the Congestion Control Threshold 202
Configuring Service Congestion Policies 203
Configuring Overload Reporting on the MME 203
Enabling Congestion Control Redirect Overload Policy 204
Verify the Service Overload Policies 204
Verify the Congestion Control Configuration 204
Verify MME Congestion Action Profiles 204
Disconnecting Subscribers Based on Call or Inactivity Time 204
CHAPTER 16 Routing 207
Routing Policies 207
Creating IP Prefix Lists 208
Creating Route Access Lists 208
Creating AS Path Access Lists 208
Creating Route Maps 209
Sample Configuration 209
Static Routing 209
Adding Static Routes to a Context 210
Deleting Static Routes From a Context 210
OSPF Routing 210
OSPF Version 2 Overview 211
Basic OSPFv2 Configuration 212
Enabling OSPF Routing For a Specific Context 212
Enabling OSPF Over a Specific Interface 212
Redistributing Routes Into OSPF (Optional) 212
Confirming OSPF Configuration Parameters 213
OSPFv3 Routing 213
OSPFv3 Overview 213
Basic OSPFv3 Configuration 213
Enabling OSPFv3 Routing For a Specific Context 213
Enabling OSPFv6 Over a Specific Interface 214
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Redistributing Routes Into OSPFv3 (Optional) 214
Confirming OSPFv3 Configuration Parameters 214
Equal Cost Multiple Path (ECMP) 214
BGP-4 Routing 215
Overview of BGP Support 215
Configuring BGP 216
Redistributing Routes Into BGP (Optional) 216
BGP Communities and Extended Communities 217
BGP Communities 217
Configuring a BGP Community 217
Setting the Community Attribute 218
Filtering via a BGP Community 218
BGP Extended Communities 218
Configuring a BGP Extended Community (Route Target) 218
Setting the Extended Community Attribute 219
Filtering via a BGP Extended Community 219
BGP Local Preference 219
ICSR and SRP Groups 219
Advertising BGP Routes from a Standby ICSR Chassis 219
Configurable BGP Route Advertisement Interval for ICSR 220
BGP CLI Configuration Commands 220
Confirming BGP Configuration Parameters 222
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 222
Overview of BFD Support 223
Configuring BFD 223
Configuring a BFD Context 224
Configuring IPv4 BFD for Static Routes 224
Configuring IPv6 BFD for Static Routes 224
Configuring BFD for Single Hop 225
Configuring Multihop BFD 225
Scaling of BFD 226
Associating BGP Neighbors with the Context 226
Associating OSPF Neighbors with the Context 226
Associating BFD Neighbor Groups with the BFD Protocol 226
Enabling BFD on OSPF Interfaces 227
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All OSPF Interfaces 227
Specific OSPF Interface 227
Monitoring BFD Connection for ICSR 227
Saving the Configuration 227
Chassis-to-Chassis BFD Monitoring for ICSR 227
Enable Primary Chassis BFD Monitoring 228
Set BFD to Ignore ICSR Dead Interval 228
Configure ICSR Switchover Guard Timer 228
Enable BFD Multihop Fall-over 229
ip route Command 229
ip routev6 Command 230
Adjust BFD Interval 230
Enable Advertising BGP Routes from Standby ICSR Chassis 230
Saving the Configuration 230
BFD Support for Link Aggregation Member Links 230
Overview 231
Configuring Support for BFD Linkagg Member-links 231
Saving the Configuration 232
Viewing Routing Information 232
CHAPTER 17 VLANs 235
Overview 235
Overlapping IP Address Pool Support –GGSN 236
RADIUS VLAN Support –Enhanced Charging Services 236
APN Support –PDN Gateway (P-GW) 236
Creating VLAN Tags 237
Verifying the Port Configuration 237
Configuring Subscriber VLAN Associations 238
RADIUS Attributes Used 238
Configuring Local Subscriber Profiles 238
Verify the Subscriber Profile Configuration 239
VLAN-Related CLI Commands 239
CHAPTER 18 BGP MPLS VPNs 243
Introduction 243
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MPLS-CE Connected to PE 244
ASR 5x00 as a PE 245
Overview 245
Sample Configuration 245
IPv6 Support for BGP MPLS VPNs 247
Overview 247
Sample Configuration 248
VPN-Related CLI Commands 250
CHAPTER 19 Content Service Steering 255
Overview 255
Configuring Internal Content Service Steering 256
Defining IP Access Lists for Internal CSS 256
Applying an ACL to an Individual Subscriber (Optional) 257
Applying an ACL to Multiple Subscribers (Optional) 257
Applying an ACL to the Subscriber Named default (Optional) 257
Applying an ACL to Service-specified Default Subscribers (Optional) 257
Applying an ACL to Multiple Subscribers via APNs (Optional) 257
CHAPTER 20 Session Recovery 259
How Session Recovery Works 259
Additional ASR 5x00 Hardware Requirements 262
Configuring the System to Support Session Recovery 262
Enabling Session Recovery 263
Enabling Session Recovery on an Out-of-Service System 263
Enabling Session Recovery on an In-Service System 263
Disabling the Session Recovery Feature 264
Viewing Session Recovery Status 264
Viewing Recovered Session Information 265
Recovery Control Task Statistics 266
show rct stats Command 267
Sample Output for show rct stats verbose 267
CHAPTER 21 Interchassis Session Recovery 269
Overview 269
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Interchassis Communication 270
Checkpoint Messages 271
SRP CLI Commands 271
Exec Mode CLI Commands 271
show Commands 272
AAA Monitor 272
BGP Interaction 273
Requirements 273
ICSR Operation 274
Chassis Initialization 277
Chassis Operation 277
Chassis Communication 277
Chassis Switchover 277
Configuring Interchassis Session Recovery (ICSR) 278
Configuring the Service Redundancy Protocol (SRP) Context 279
Creating and Binding the SRP Context 279
Configuring SRP Context Parameters 280
Basic Parameters 280
SRP Redundancy, AAA and Diameter Guard Timers 281
DSCP Marking of SRP Messages 282
Optimizing Switchover Transitions 282
Allow Non-VoLTE Traffic During ICSR Switchover 283
Allow All Data Traffic 285
Graceful Cleanup of ICSR After Audit of Failed Calls 285
Optimization of Switchover Control Outage Time 285
Configuring the SRP Context Interface Parameters 286
Configuring LZ4 Compression Algorithm 286
Reducing Sync-Up Time with Standby ICSR Chassis 287
Verifying SRP Configuration 287
Modifying the Source Context for ICSR 288
Configuring BGP Router and Gateway Address 288
Configuring the SRP Context for BGP 288
Verifying BGP Configuration 289
Modifying the Destination Context for ICSR 289
Configuring BGP Router and Gateway Address in Destination Context 289
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Configuring SRP Context for BGP for Destination Context 290
Setting Subscriber to Default Mode 290
Verifying BGP Configuration in Destination Context 290
Disabling Bulk Statistics Collection on a Standby System 290
Verifying the Primary and Backup Chassis Configuration 290
Configuring Subscriber State Management Audit Process 291
Updating the Operating System 292
Both ICSR Chassis 297
Downloading and Transferring the StarOS Build 297
Standby Backup Chassis 298
Performing Health Checks 298
Performing SRP Checks 298
Performing BGP Checks 299
Updating the Boot Record 299
Synchronizing File Systems 299
Reloading the Chassis 299
Updating the Configuration File 300
Verifying the Software Version 300
Saving the Configuration File 300
Completing the Update Process 300
Waiting for Session Synchronization 301
Primary Chassis 301
Initiating an SRP Switchover 301
Checking AAA Monitor Status on the Newly Active Chassis 301
Completing the Software Update 302
Initiating an SRP Switchover 302
Making Test Calls 302
Fallback Procedure 303
CHAPTER 22 Support Data Collector 305
Overview 305
Configuring SDR Collection 306
Displaying the SDR Collection Configuration 306
Collecting and Storing the SDR Information 307
Managing Record Collection 307
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Using SDRs to Diagnose Problems 309
SDR CLI Commands 309
Configuration Commands (Global Configuration Mode) 310
support record 310
support collection 310
Exec Mode Commands 311
show support record 311
delete support record 311
show support collection 311
APPENDIX A Engineering Rules 313
CLI Session Rules 313
ASR 5500 Interface and Port Rules 313
Packet Data Network (PDN) Interface Rules 314
Context Rules 314
Subscriber Rules 317
Service Rules 317
Access Control List (ACL) Engineering Rules 318
ECMP Groups 318
APPENDIX B StarOS Tasks 319
Overview 319
Primary Task Subsystems 320
Controllers and Managers 321
Subsystem Tasks 322
System Initiation Subsystem 322
High Availability Subsystem 323
Resource Manager Subsystem 324
Virtual Private Networking Subsystem 324
Network Processing Unit Subsystem 326
Session Subsystem 328
Platform Processes 338
Management Processes 342
APPENDIX C ICSR Checkpointing 343
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