CLIMATEMASTER WATER-SOURCE HEAT PUMPS
12 ClimateMaster Water-Source Heat Pumps
Tranquility®Modular Water-to-Water (TMW )Series
Rev.: 02 January, 2013
Ground-Water Heat Pump Applications
Typical open loop piping is shown in Figure 3. Shut off valves
should be included in case of servicing. Boiler drains or other
valves should be ‘tee’d’ into the line to allow acid flushing of
just the heat exchanger. Pressure temperature plugs should
be used so that flow and temperature can be measured.
Water quantity should be plentiful and of good quality.
Consult Table 1 for water quality guidelines.
The unit can
be ordered with either a copper or cupro-nickel water heat
exchanger. Copper is recommended for closed loop systems
and open loop ground water systems that are not high in
mineral content or corrosiveness. In conditions anticipating
heavy scale formation or in brackish water, a cupro-nickel
heat exchanger is recommended.
In ground water situations where scaling could be heavy or
where biological growth such as iron bacteria will be present,
a closed loop system is recommended. It is recommended
to install an intermediate heat exchanger to isolate an open
loop from the heat pump loop on open well systems. Heat
exchangers may over time lose heat exchange capabilities
due to a build up of mineral deposits inside. These can be
cleaned only by a qualified service mechanic as acid and
special pumping equipment are required.
Table 1: Water Quality Standards
Water Quality
Parameter HX
Material Closed
Recirculating Open Loop and Recirculating Well
Scaling Potential - Primary Measurement
pH/Calcium Hardness All -pH < 7.5 and Ca Hardness <100ppm
Method
Index Limits for Probable Scaling Situations - (Operation outside these limits is not recommended)
Ryznar All - 6.0 - 7.5
Stability Index If >7.5 minimize steel pipe use.
Langelier All --0.5 to +0.5
Saturation Index If <-0.5 minimize steel pipe use. Based upon 66°C HWG and
Direct well, 29°C Indirect Well HX
Iron Fouling
Iron Fe 2+ (Ferrous) All -<0.2 ppm (Ferrous)
(Bacterial Iron potential) If Fe2+ (ferrous)>0.2 ppm with pH 6 - 8, O2<5 ppm check for iron bacteria.
Iron Fouling All -<0.5 ppm of Oxygen
Above this level deposition will occur.
Corrosion Prevention
pH All 6 - 8.5 6 - 8.5
Monitor/treat as
needed Minimize steel pipe below 7 and no open tanks with pH <8
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) All - <0.5 ppm
At H2S>0.2 ppm, avoid use of copper and copper nickel piping or HX's.
Rotten egg smell appears at 0.5 ppm level.
Copper alloy (bronze or brass) cast components are OK to <0.5 ppm.
Ammonia ion as hydroxide, chloride,
nitrate and sulfate compounds All -<0.5 ppm
Maximum
Maximum Allowable at maximum water temperature.
Chloride Levels
10$C24$C38
C
Copper
Cupronickel -<20ppm NR NR
-<150 ppm NR NR
304 SS-<400 ppm <250 ppm <150 ppm
316 SS-<1000 ppm <550 ppm < 375 ppm
Titanium ->1000 ppm >550 ppm >375 ppm
Erosion and Clogging
Particulate Size and
Erosion All
<10 ppm of particles
and a maximum
velocity of 1.8 m/s
Filtered for maximum
841 micron [0.84 mm,
20 mesh] size.
<10 ppm (<1 ppm "sandfree” for reinjection) of particles and a maximum
velocity of 1.8 m/s. Filtered for maximum 841 micron 0.84 mm,
20 mesh] size. Any particulate that is not removed can potentially
clog components.
Notes:
Rev.: 5/6/2014 S
• NR - Application not recommended.
• "-" No design Maximum.
• Closed Recirculating system is identified by a closed pressurized piping system.
• Recirculating open wells should observe the open recirculating design considerations.
Above the given limits, scaling is likely to occur. Scaling indexes should be calculated using the limits below
Scaling indexes should be calculated at 66°C for direct use and HWG applications, and at 32°C for indirect HX use.
A monitoring plan should be implemented.
The ClimateMaster Water Quality Table provides water quality requirements for ClimateMaster coaxial heat exchangers. The water should be evaluated by an
independent testing facility comparing to this Table and when properties are outside of these requirements, an external secondary heat exchanger must be used to
isolate the heat pump heat exchanger from the unsuitable water. Failure to do so will void the warranty for the coaxial heat exchanger and any other components
damaged by a leak.
WARNING! Polyolester Oil, commonly known as POE
oil, is a synthetic oil used in many refrigeration systems
including those with HFC-410A refrigerant. POE oil, if it
ever comes in contact with PVC or CPVC piping, may
cause failure of the PVC/CPVC. PVC/CPVC piping should
never be used as supply or return water piping with water
source heat pump products containing HFC-410A as
system failures and property damage may result.
WARNING!