Conrad-Johnson Sonographe SA400 User manual

Thank you for selecting the Sonographe SA400 as the power amplifier
for your audio system. The SA400 draws on two decades of research at
conrad-johnson design into the reproduction of recorded music. The
result is an amplifier with a remarkable ability to recreate the dynamics,
textures, tonalities, and ambience of live musical performances. With
the Sonographe SA400, we believe that you will experience the excite-
ment of discovery in hearing more from your favorite recordings than
ever before.
Atconrad-johnson,weexpectourproductstobeasourceofsatisfaction
and of pride to their owners for many years to come. Accordingly, circuit
designs,parts and materials forall our products areselected with a view
to maintaining optimal performance over the years. Our reputation for
producing among the industry’s most reliable components is a natural
consequence of this engineering approach.
Although operation of the SA400 is quite straightforward, please take a
few minutes to read this manual for useful information on it’s installation
and operation.
We want you to enjoy your Sonographe product to the fullest. To this
end,our staff stands readyto answer any questionsyou may have about
the function and application of your SA400, and to provide any needed
service both during, and after the warranty period. Our goal is to
heighten your enjoyment of recorded music.

Limited Warranty For Sonographe Components
conrad-johnson design, inc. will provide service under warranty to the
original owner on Sonographe products sold new in the United States
for the lesser period of three years from the date of purchase by the
original purchaser, or five years from the date of shipment to the
authorized Sonographe dealer. During the warranty period, conrad-
johnson will repair defective units without charge for labor or parts (with
the exception of batteries).
Exclusions. The following are not covered under this warranty:
a) Units which have been damaged by misuse, abuse, or accident.
b) Units which have been modified, altered, or improperly repaired by
anyone not specifically authorized by conrad-johnson design, inc.
c) Units not purchased from an authorized Sonographe dealer in the
United States for use in the United States.
d) Normal wear.
e) Incidental or consequential damages are not covered under this
warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or
consequential damages, so this exclusion may not apply to you.
Obtaining Warranty Service:To obtain warranty service, the unit must
be shipped, along with evidence of purchase, in factory packing to
conrad-johnson design (or designated service center) with freight and
insurance prepaid by the owner. After repair, the unit will be returned
with freight and insurance prepaid by conrad-johnson design to any
destination in the United States.
All implied warranties, including merchantability and fitness for a par-
ticular purpose are limited in duration to the duration of this express
warranty. Some states do not allow limitations on the duration of implied
warranties so the above limitations may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have
other rights which vary from state to state.
Sonographe products purchased outside the United States are covered
by warranty terms of the importing distributor in the country in which the
product was originally purchased, which may differ from the terms set
out herein. Importing distributors are not obligated to provide warranty
service for products originally purchased outside their country. Conrad-
Johnson will provide warranty service for products outside the United
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 2

States, but the customer must pay all shipping, handling and customs
costs both to and from our Service Department.
Questions about this warranty should be addressed to:
Service Department
conrad-johnson design, inc.
2733 Merrilee Drive
Fairfax, VA 22031
The Service Department can also be reached by phone at 703-698-
8581, or by fax at 703-560-5360
Service
If your Sonographe audio component requires service, repack it using
the original box and packing material and ship to the Service Depart-
ment address above. Boxes and packing materials can be obtained
fromour service department fora nominal charge, ifyou no longer have
yours.Includewiththeunitanotedescribingtheproblemyouarehaving
inas much detail aspossible. It is especiallyimportant for our technician
to know if the problem is intermittent. If you want an estimate of cost for
out of warranty service, be sure to request it in this note. Be aware that
requesting an estimate will delay service to your unit as we will have to
contact you for your approval before commencing service.
Registering The Warranty
Please return the enclosed card to the factory within 30 days of pur-
chase to register the warranty.
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 3

Installation
As is the case with any high-power amplifier, the SA400 dissipates a
significant amount of heat. Provision must be made for adequate venti-
lation. Mount the unit on a flat, hard surface, taking care that the
ventilation holes in the bottom are unobstructed. Maintain at least four
inches of clearance above the unit, and at least three inches on the
sides. The cabinet or shelf should be open at both front and back. For
more restricted installations, cooling fans are essential.
All SA400 amplifiers sold in the United States are configured for opera-
tion on a 60Hz ac power line producing between 108 and 126 volts.
Export versions of these amplifiers will have the correct operating
voltage and frequency clearly marked on the back panel of the unit, near
the ac power cord. In all cases, the actual line voltage should be within
+ 5/- 10% of the nominal rated voltage.
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
Considerable care has been taken in the design of the SA400 to
minimize susceptibility to radio frequency interference and other forms
of EMI. Choice of materials, physical layout, grounding practice, and
power supply design have all been specified with a view to reducing the
impact of electromagnetic fields on the performance of this unit. At the
same time, however, our primary goal is the accurate reproduction of
recorded music in the normal home environment, and we have elected
nottocompromisethisobjectivebytheapplicationof heavy-handed RFI
filters, or by using grounding practices that reduce RFI at the expense
of degraded audio performance. We find that the approach we have
taken has worked extremely well, resulting in only rare instances of EMI
problems which could be treated locally as needed, rather than compro-
mising the performance of our product in the 99.9% of installations
where EMI is not a problem.
CareininstallationcanoftenavoidEMIinducedproblems.Thefollowing
practices should generally be observed in any application, and will be
especially important where EMI may be a problem.
Interconnect cables should be kept as short as possible (3 meters or
less), and shielded cable should be used (cable which has two center
conductors, and a separate external shield connected at only one end).
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 4

Physical location and cable "dress" can be an important factor in
minimizing hum pickup. The installation should situate the preamplifier
well away from the power amplifier, and power (ac mains) cords should
be dressed to remain at least 4" (100mm) away from input/output
cables.
Connection
INPUT: Connect the preamplifier to your amplifier at the RCA type
connectors located on the back of the amplifier.
OUTPUT: Five way binding posts are provided for connection of your
loudspeakers, with correct spacing to accept a standard "double ba-
nana" plug. They will also accept spade lugs, bare wire, or pin connec-
tors. The two channels should be connected in correct "relative phase".
This means that when the same signal is applied to both channels, the
right and left channels speaker diaphragms will move synchronously -
in and out together.
Terminals on speakers are usually coded - one designated "C",
"ground", "-" or black, the other designated "+" or red. "In phase"
connection of the speakers can normally be achieved by taking care to
connect the wire from the "+" amplifier terminal to the red or "+" coded
terminal on each speaker, and connecting the "-" terminal to the black
or "-" coded terminal on each speaker.
In phase connection of the speakers can be readily ascertained by ear.
Listen to a recording of a solo vocalist (use a mono recording if avail-
able). With the speakers in phase the voice should be clearly focused
between the two speakers. With the speakers connected out of phase,
the voice will be diffused, with no identifiable source. Relative phase
may be reversed by switching the "+" and "-" leads at one speaker only.
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 5

Getting The Most From Your Amplifier
In a system of commensurate high quality components, these conrad-
johnson amplifiers offer a high level of sophistication and refinement in
music reproduction. To get the best performance out of any audio
system, there are a number of important details which must be attended
to.
Absolute Phase
Musical notes are heard through the ear’s response to waves of alter-
nating rise and fall of air pressure. Musical transients are almost exclu-
sively positive: that is, the initial effect is a rise in pressure. The ear is
capable of distinguishing these positive transients from the musically
unnatural alternative of a negative transient (an initial fall in air pres-
sure). In terms of your stereo system, these transients are created by
your loudspeakers. If the speakers respond to musical transients by first
moving out, they are creating a rise in pressure, and the system is said
to be phase correct. If they respond by moving in, they create a fall in
pressure and the system is said to be phase inverting. Each component
in the stereo system either preserves the phase of the incoming signal,
and is said to be phase correct, or inverts the phase and is said to be
phase inverting. It is unimportant whether an individual component is
phase correct or phase inverting, as long as the system as a whole is
phase correct. This will be the case if the number of phase inversions is
even (or zero).
The SA400 is phase correct. If your system has an odd number of
inversions,thenyoumustaddonephase inversion. This is conveniently
done by reversing the positive and negative connections to your speak-
ers (be sure to reverse both channels).
If you are not sure about the phase of every piece in your system, you
can establish correct absolute phase by careful listening. When the
system is in correct phase, transients will be noticeably cleaner and
more sharply defined. The effect is especially apparent on plucked
string sounds. A final warning - not all recordings are phase correct
(including some "audiophile" recordings), so listen to several before
concluding your investigation of absolute phase.
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 6

The Importance Of Wires
Interconnect and speaker wires are an important element in your stereo
system. Interconnects are available which will permit a reference quality
system to blossom and fulfill its promise of musical reality. Others will
strangle the system to the point where it becomes little better than
average. To complicate matters, our experience suggests that the
choice of interconnects will be system dependent - those that are top
ranked on one system may be a poor choice for a different system.
Consult your conrad-johnson dealer for recommendations for your spe-
cific system.
Questions: If you have questions about the installation or function of
your amplifier do not hesitate to call Customer Service at (703) 698-
8581.
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 7

Specifications:
Power: 200 watts per channel RMS both channels driven into 8 ohms
from 20Hzto 20KHz with no more than 1% total harmonic distortion or
intermodulation distortion.
Gain: 25.5 dB
Phase: Phase Correct (non-inverting)
Frequency response: 20 Hz to 20 KHz +0, -.25 dB
Hum and noise: 100 dB below full power output.
Input impedance: 100K ohms.
Dimensions: 14.25"D x 17.125"W x 7.875"H
Weight: 44 lbs.
Fuses: The AC line fuse is user replaceable on the SA400. It is a type
3AG 10 amp slow-blow (7 amp slow-blow for 220 or 240V operation).
NEVER REPLACE THE FUSE WITH A TYPE OR VALUE DIFFERENT
FROM THAT ORIGINALLY SUPPLIED BY THE FACTORY. If the fuse
blows repeatedly, contact your dealer, or Conrad-Johnson’s service
department.
Sonographe SA400 Owner’s Manual 8