Crane EPRO-150 Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Check List 1
Introduction 2
Fig. 1A: Osmosis 3
Fig. 1B: Equilibrium 3
Fig. 2A: Reverse Osmosis 3
Fig. 2B: Reverse Osmosis System 4
Specifications 5
Table 1: EPRO-150 to 1200 Specifications 6
Table 2: EPRO-1500 to 8000 Specifications 7
System Requirements & Operation Guidelines 8
Table 3: Feed Water Requirements 10
Start-Up 11
Table 4: Operation Log 15
Fig. 3: EPRO-150 to 1200 Diagram 16
Fig. 4: EPRO-1500 to 8000 Diagram 17
Additional Instructions for EPRO “XP” Installation 18
Fig. 5: EPRO “XP” System 20
Fig. 6: EPRO- “A” Series System 21
Fig. 7: EPRO “P” Series System 21
Fig. 8: EPRO “WM” Series Picture 22
Fig. 9: EPRO “XP” Series Picture 22
Operation & Maintenance 23
Pump Throttle Valve & Fig. 10: Pump Curves 25
Membrane Cleaning 27
Fig. 11: Pressure Vessel Tools 30
Fig. 12: Pressure Vessel Diagram 30
Are Carbon Fines Fouling Your Membranes? 31
Activated Carbon Filter Start-Up Procedure 33
Troubleshooting 35
Table 5: Troubleshooting Table 37
Table 6: Temperature Correction Table 38
Technical Field Services 39
Limited Warranty 41
Terms & Conditions 42-43
OPTIONAL: ELECTRICAL CONTROL BOXES 44-54
EPRO 150-8000 O&M Manual
Rev. 04/03

Assembly Components Checklist
EPRO 150 - 1200 SYSTEMS:
(1) 5-Micron Filter Cartridge
(1) 10’ X 3/8” Clear Hose
(1) 10’ X 3/8” Black Tube
(1) 10’ X1/2” Garden Hose
(2) Hose Connections
EPRO 1500 – 8000 SYSTEMS:
(
1) 5-Micron Filter Cartridge
(2) 10’ X ¾” Black Tube
(2) Clamps
(2) Hose Connections
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Introduction
Reverse osmosis systems from
Crane Environmental produce high
quality water from municipal and well
water. The highest quality
components and the latest
technology is used in the production
and design of our reverse osmosis
systems.
What is reverse osmosis?
While ordinary filters use a screen to
separate particles from water
streams, a reverse osmosis system
uses a semi-permeable membrane
to separate a high percentage of
dissolved molecules. Only certain
types of molecules, like water, can
pass through the membrane. Other
molecules, like salts, do not pass
through the membrane and are left
behind.
What is a semi-permeable
membrane?
A semi-permeable membrane is very
similar to your skin. The membrane
is made of thin, multi-layered sheets
with microscopic pores that let water
pass through while acting as a
barrier to stop dissolved particles
like salt.
THE REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE ELEMENT
CONCENTRATE WATER containing salts is
rejected by the membrane and does not enter
the product tube. The concentrate water exits
the side of the element opposite of the feed.
Product tube
RAW WATER FEED enters into membrane
layers. Applied pressure forces raw water
across membrane layers into the
product tube.
PRODUCT WATER collects in the product tube and
can be output from either end of the membrane element.
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How does osmosis and reverse
osmosis work?
Fig. 1A: OSMOSIS
As shown in Figure 1A, under normal
pressure water will pass from the side
of the membrane with lower
concentration to the side with the
higher concentration to reach
equilibrium, below.
FIG. 1B: EQUILIBRIUM
Osmotic Pressure is the pressure
required to stop water flow and reach
equilibrium.
When the applied pressure equals
the osmotic pressure, the water flow
stops. When applied pressure
exceeds the osmotic pressure,
reverse osmosis will take place. In
reverse osmosis, water passes
through the membrane to the dilute
solution, leaving behind dissolved
particles. This process purifies the
water, often reducing total dissolved
solids content by 99%.
MEMBRANE
BRINE
WATER
FIG. 2A: REVERSE OSMOSIS
APPLIED PRESSURE
BRINE WATER
WATER
BRINE
Osmotic
Pressure
Crane Environmental systems use
semi-permeable spiral wound, thin
film membranes to separate and
remove dissolved solids, organic
material, pyrogens, submicron
colloidal matter, viruses, and bacteria
from water. Feed water is delivered
under pressure to the membranes,
where reverse osmosis takes place.
Water permeates the minute pores of
the membrane and is delivered as
purified product water. The
impurities in the water do not pass
through the membrane, and are
instead concentrated in the reject
stream that is flushed to the drain.
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Fig. 2B: Reverse Osmosis System
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Specifications
The basic EPRO unit is designed to
produce purified water at the
capacities indicated by the suffix in
the model number under the
following conditions: water temp
77ºF (25ºC) and a total dissolved
solid (TDS) of 500 ppm or less. For
example, the EPRO-1200 produces
1200 gallons per day (GPD) or
4,542 liters per day (LPD) of purified
water.
In addition to the standard models
the EPRO models are offered in the
following variations:




The "P" series EPRO systems are
reverse osmosis systems that
deliver purified water to a
pressurized storage tank. The
product water is typically stored in
the pressurized tank at 20-40 psi
and is distributed with tank
pressure.
The "A” series EPRO systems are
reverse osmosis systems that feed
permeate to a 65 gallon
atmospheric storage tank and
distribute the permeate with a
small dispensing pump.
The "XP" series EPRO systems are
modular systems with a reverse
osmosis unit, a 300-gallon
atmospheric storage tank, a liquid
level control, and a re-
pressurization system. A variety of
storage tanks and re-
pressurization systems are
available.
The "WM" series are reverse
osmosis systems suitable for wall-
mounted installation to save floor
space.
REJECTION AND RECOVERY
The amount of total dissolved solids
(TDS) rejected by the membrane is
expressed as a percentage. For
example, a 96% rejection rate means
that 96% of total dissolved solids do
not pass through the membrane. To
calculate the % rejection, use the
following formula:
NOTE: All TDS figures must be
expressed in the same units, usually
parts per million (ppm) or milligrams
per liter (mg/l).
The amount of purified water
recovered for use is expressed as a
percentage of the feed water, and is
called percent recovery. To calculate
% recovery, use the following
formula:
NOTE: All Flow Rates must be
expressed in the same units, usually
gallons per minute (gpm).
Table 1 on page 6 lists specifications
for EPRO–150 though 1200 models.
Table 2 on page 7 lists specifications
for EPRO-1500 through 8000.
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Table 1:
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Table 2:
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System Requirements
& Operation Guidelines
PLUMBING
The membranes and high-pressure
pumps used on the EPRO systems
require a continuous and non-
turbulent flow of water to the unit.
Minimum feed pressure is 20 PSI.
See the tables on pages 6 - 7 to
determine your systems required
flow.
The tubing or piping used for
discharge of the concentrate should
be run to an open drain in a free and
unrestricted manner.
Any restrictions or blockage in the
drain can cause backpressure,
which will increase the system’s
operating pressure. This can result
in damage to system components.
Temperature of the feed water must
not exceed 113º F (45º C).
ELECTRICAL
All motors on the EPRO-150 through
the 1200 are single-phase, open drip
type. The standard motors are 60
and 50 Hz. The voltage will be either
115VAC or 230VAC for the 60
motors, or 220VAC for the 50 Hz
motors.
The motors on the EPRO-1500
through the 8000 are pump/motor
combinations. They are available
single-phase: 115VAC or 230VAC at
60 Hz or 220VAC at 50 Hz. The three
phases are available in 230-460VAC
at 60Hz or 220-380VAC at 50 Hz.
Ensure that the electrical circuit
supplying the system is compatible
with the requirements of the specific
EPRO model.
Note: We recommend that a
licensed electrician install your unit
in accordance with local and
national electrical codes.
Each EPRO system, excluding the
EPRO-4500, the EPRO-8000 and all
three-phase units, is equipped with a
10 foot electrical cord. Typical units
do not require any additional wiring
for installation. 50 Hz models may
require replacement of the standard
plug to fit certain receptacles.
PRE-FILTRATION
EPRO systems are supplied with a
particulate pre-filter that filters out
most particles over 5 microns in size
before the water is pumped through
the reverse osmosis membrane.
Change the cartridge at least every
month or whenever there is a
pressure difference of 10% or more
between the pressure readings
before and after the filter, if pressure
gauges are installed.
CAUTION: If the pre-filter becomes
clogged and the water flow to the
pump is reduced or
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