Dalsa Spyder2 S2-2x-04K40 User manual

S2-2x-04K40
Camera User’s Manual
Printed 9/23/2010 3:20:00 PM
LineScanCCDCameras
23-Sep-10
03-032-10195-04
www.dalsa.com

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© 2010 DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No
responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this
information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited
without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA.
About DALSA
DALSA is an international high performance semiconductor and electronics company that designs,
develops, manufactures, and markets digital imaging products and solutions, in addition to providing
semiconductor products and services. DALSA’s core competencies are in specialized integrated circuit and
electronics technology, software, and highly engineered semiconductor wafer processing. Products and
services include image sensor components; electronic digital cameras; vision processors; image processing
software; and semiconductor wafer foundry services for use in MEMS, high-voltage semiconductors,
image sensors and mixed-signal CMOS chips. DALSA is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the
symbol “DSA”. The Company has its corporate offices in Waterloo, ON and over 1000 employees world-
wide.
Support
For further information not included in this manual, or for information on DALSA’s extensive line of
image sensing products, please contact:
North America
700 Technology Park Drive
Billerica, MA
USA, 01821
Tel:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
[email protected]
Europe
Breslauer Str. 34
D-82194 Gröbenzell (Munich)
Germany
Tel: +49 - 8142 – 46770
Fax: +49 - 8142 – 467746
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
[email protected]
Asia Pacific
Ikebukuro East 13F
3-4-3 Higashi-Ikebukuro
Toshima-ku, Tokyo
Japan
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.dalsa.com
[email protected]
[email protected]

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Contents
Introduction to the Spyder2 4K Line Scan Camera _________________________________ 5
1.1 Camera Highlights.......................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Image Sensors .............................................................................................................................................................7
1.3 Camera Performance Specifications ............................................................................................................................7
Camera Hardware Interface________________________________________________ 11
2.1 Installation Overview...................................................................................................................................................11
2.2 Input/Output................................................................................................................................................................11
2.3 Connectors, Pinouts, and Cables..................................................................................................................................12
2.4 Power Supplies............................................................................................................................................................13
2.5 Control Inputs, Camera Link........................................................................................................................................13
2.6 Data Bus, Camera Link................................................................................................................................................14
2.7 Timing .........................................................................................................................................................................16
2.8 Camera Link Serial Communication............................................................................................................................18
Software Interface: How to Control the Camera __________________________________ 19
3.1 Overview......................................................................................................................................................................19
3.2 Command Format........................................................................................................................................................20
3.3 Processing Chain..........................................................................................................................................................20
3.4 Startup.........................................................................................................................................................................21
3.5 Saving and Restoring Settings.....................................................................................................................................21
3.6 Setting Baud Rate........................................................................................................................................................22
3.7 Setting the Data Mode.................................................................................................................................................22
3.8 Setting the Video Mode ...............................................................................................................................................23
3.9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode.........................................................................................................................23
3.10 Setting a Region of Interest.......................................................................................................................................25
3.11 Returning Video Information ....................................................................................................................................25
3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance.................................................................................................................................27
3.13 Setting Gains .............................................................................................................................................................30
3.14 How to Calibrate the Camera....................................................................................................................................31
3.15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients.......................................................................................................................34
3.16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients....................................................................................................................35
3.17 Generating Test Patterns...........................................................................................................................................35
3.18 Monitoring the Camera .............................................................................................................................................36
3.19 Rebooting the Camera...............................................................................................................................................37

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3.20 Setting the Pre-trigger ..............................................................................................................................................37
Optical, Mechanical, and Thermal Considerations_________________________________ 39
4.1 Mechanical Interface....................................................................................................................................................39
4.2 Optical Interface ..........................................................................................................................................................42
CCD Handling Instructions _________________________________________________ 45
5.1 Electrostatic Discharge and the CCD Sensor ................................................................................................................45
5.2 Protecting Against Dust, Oil and Scratches..................................................................................................................45
5.3 Cleaning the Sensor Window.......................................................................................................................................46
Troubleshooting________________________________________________________ 47
6.1 Common Solutions.......................................................................................................................................................47
6.2 Troubleshooting Using the Serial Interface.................................................................................................................48
6.3 Specific Solutions.........................................................................................................................................................50
Camera Link™ Reference _________________________________________________ 53
EMC Declaration of Conformity______________________________________________ 55
Communications Protocol _________________________________________________ 57
C1 Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................57
C2 Protocol Features..........................................................................................................................................................57
C3 Command Format and Examples .................................................................................................................................57
C4 Networking Mode .........................................................................................................................................................58
C5 Error Handling..............................................................................................................................................................61
C6 Camera Parameter Screen............................................................................................................................................64
C7 Commands....................................................................................................................................................................67
DC Offset De-rating Curve _________________________________________________ 73
Revision History ________________________________________________________ 75
Index _______________________________________________________________ 77

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1
Introductiontothe
Spyder24KLineScan
Camera
1.1CameraHighlights
Features
• 4 k resolution
• High responsivity
• Exposure control and antiblooming
• Pinned photodiode sensor for low image lag
• Programmable integration time, line rate, gain, offset, bit depth, test pattern, and
diagnostics
• Flat-field correction—minimizes sensor FPN and PRNU, lens vignetting and non-
uniform lighting
• Camera Link™ interface
• Single 12 V to 15 V power supply
Performance
• 8 or 10 bit output from 10 bit digitization
• 4096 pixels, 10 µm x 10 µm, and 100% fill factor
• Line rates up to 10 kHz
Programmability
• Simple ASCII protocol controls gain, offset, line rates, trigger mode, pixel correction,
test pattern output, and camera diagnostics.

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• Serial interface (ASCII, 9600 baud, adjustable to 19200, 57600, 115200), through
Camera Link.
Usability
• Programmable gains, offsets, and camera controls
• End-of-line sequence and test pattern output for debugging
• Single input supply (+12 V to +15 V)
• Compliant with CE and MIL-STD-810E (shock and vibration)
Description
The Spyder2 4k camera uses a single voltage power supply. Cabling and interface are
simplified with the Camera Link high-speed serial standard. The camera is sensitive, but
still provides quiet, uniform output thanks to CDS (correlated double sampling) and
embedded flat-field correction algorithms. Gain and offset are fully programmable for
each output channel, and the camera can output test patterns for cable/system
troubleshooting. The Spyder2 4k camera provides appropriate, readily-available standard
lens options (F mount, and M72x0.75 large format photography standards).
Applications
The Spyder2 4k is ideal for applications requiring high speed, superior image quality, and
high responsivity.
Applications include:
• Flat panel display inspection
• Electronics manufacturing inspection
• Postal/parcel sorting
• High performance document scanning/image lift
• Narrow and large web inspection
• High-end industrial inspection

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1.2ImageSensors
The Spyder2 4k cameras use the IT-P1 image sensor, with 10 µm square pixels, 100% fill
factor, and pinned photodiodes.
Figure 1: IT-P1 Image Sensor
Relative position
of package Pin 1
1
1.3CameraPerformanceSpecifications
The following two tables list the camera’s performance specifications. The first table lists
the operating ranges of the camera, and the second table lists the performance
specifications at minimum, nominal and maximum gain levels at 1 kHz data rate. Note
that as gain levels increase, performance decreases, because your signal to noise
decreases.
Also note that most of the camera’s performance specifications were obtained using a line
rate of only 1 kHz. At low line rates, dark current can become a significant source of noise
and appears in specifications such as FPN and PRNU. If you operate the camera at faster
line rates, such as 9 kHz, the amount of dark current will be reduced by 9x or greater.
Table 1. Spyder2 4k Operating Requirements and Ranges
Operating Requirements Units Typical Notes
Power W 7
Power Supply Current (Vin = +12V) mA 750
Time to power up, typ sec. 15
Time to calibrate (FPN/PRNU) sec. 38
Specification Units Min Max Notes
Throughput MHz 40 40
Line Rate kHz 10

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Specification Units Min Max Notes
Temperature
Front plate Temperature °C 10 50 1
Temperature drift before
recalibration, (recommendation)
°C 10
Sensor Alignment
x,y µm ±175
z mm ±0.18
θz ° ±0.6
Note that the environment conditions represent the state of the environment when the
camera was being tested. Typical results are the average values obtained with at a 1 kHz
line rate and 30 °C. Maximum results represent the worst case results from any camera
operating at 50 °C with a 1 kHz line rate.
Table 2. Spyder2 4k Performance Specifications, 1 kHz line rate
Min. Gain Nom. Gain Max. Gain
Environment
Conditions
Units Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Notes
Data Rate MHz 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
Line Rate kHz 1 1 1 1 1 1
Gain Setting dB -10 -10 -10 0 0 0 +10 +10 +10
Front Plate
Temperature
°C 30 50 30 50 30 50 1
Electro-Optic
Specifications
Units Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Notes
Broadband
Responsivity
DN/(nJ/cm2) 6 6.8 7.6 18.8 21.4 24 60 68 76
Dynamic Range Ratio 496:1 207:1 390:1 62:1 135:1
RMS Noise, max DN 0.5 0.5 0.75 1.2 2.2 4 3
FPN uncorrected, max DN 1.1 4 3.5 8 8 27 4
FPN corrected, max DN 0.3 2 1 2 2 8 2
PRNU uncorrected
ECD/ECE
DN 9 28 10 28 12/20 43
PRNU corrected
ECD/ECE
DN 1.5/ 2 3/3 1.2/.5 3/8 2/3.5 8/27 2
DC Offset DN 5 5
Notes:
DN = Digital Numbers (0-255); also known as gray levels.
ECE = Exposure Control Enabled
ECD = Exposure Control Disabled
• All measurements taken in 8 bit output mode.
• All measurements are valid for front plate temperatures in still air.
• All measurements used a Tungsten halogen light source, 3200 K bulb temp., and 750
nm cutoff filter

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1. Measured at front plate. The corresponding ambient temperature range with still
air is 0 °C – 37 °C.
2. Due to FPN/PRNU correction calculations, certain digital numbers will be
unavailable when outputting 10 bits with FPN/PRNU correction.
3. Measurements taken at maximum line rates.
4. Exposure control enabled to set the maximum integration time to 200 µs.
5. Refer to Appendix D for a DC Offset de-rating curve.
Figure 2: Spyder2 4k Responsivity
Spyder2 4k Responsivity @ 10 dB
Wavelength (nm)
Responsivity [DN/(nJ/cm)]
2
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
0
13
26
38
51
64
77

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!
2
CameraHardware
Interface
2.1InstallationOverview
In order to set up your camera, you should take these steps:
1. Connect Camera Link™ cables from camera to frame grabber.
2. Connect power.
You must also set up the other components of your system, including light sources, frame
grabbers, camera mounts, heat sinks, host computers, optics, encoders, and so on.
2.2Input/Output
+12V to +15V and Ground
CameraLink™
Diagnostic LED
WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your
camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. See section 2.4 for more details.

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2.3Connectors,Pinouts,andCables
The camera uses a high-density 26 pin MDR26 connector for Camera Link control signals,
data signals, and serial communications, and a 6 pin Hirose connector for power.
Table 3: Camera Link Base Configuration
Base Configuration
One Channel Link Chip + Camera Control +Serial
Communication
Camera Connector Right Angle
Frame Grabber
Channel Link
Signal
1 1 inner shield
14 14 inner shield
2 25 X0-
15 12 X0+
3 24 X1-
16 11 X1+
4 23 X2-
17 10 X2+
5 22 Xclk-
18 9 Xclk+
6 21 X3-
19 8 X3+
7 20 SerTC+
20 7 SerTC-
8 19 SerTFG-
21 6 SerTFG+
9 18 CC1-
22 5 CC1+
10 17 CC2+
23 4 CC2-
11 16 CC3-
24 3 CC3+
12 15 CC4+
25 2 CC4-
13 13 inner shield
26 26 inner shield
Unused pairs should be terminated in 100 ohms at both ends of the cable.
MDR26 Female
1
14
13
26
MatingPart :3M 334-31 series
Cable: 3M 14X26-SZLB-XXX-0LC **

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!
Table 4: DALSA Camera Control Configuration
Signal Configuration Pin
CC1 EXSYNC 9, 22
CC2 PRIN 10, 23
CC3 Spare 11, 24
CC4 Spare 12, 25
See Appendix B for the complete DALSA Camera Link configuration table, and refer to
the DALSA Web site, vfm.dalsa.com, for the official Camera Link documents.
Hirose 6-pin Circular Male
5
4
6
23
1
MatingPart:HIROSE
HR10A-7P-6S
Pin Description Pin Description
1 +12 V to +15 V 4 GND
2 +12 V to +15 V 5 GND
3 +12 V to +15 V 6 GND
2.4PowerSupplies
The camera requires a single voltage input (+12 V to +15 V). The camera meets all
performance specifications using standard switching power supplies, although well-
regulated linear supplies provide optimum performance. See the Performance
Specifications for current requirements.
When setting up the camera’s power supplies follow these guidelines:
• Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera.
• Do not use the shield on a multi-conductor cable for ground.
• Keep leads as short as possible to reduce voltage drop.
See section 1.3 for power requirements.
WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera.
Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between
power supply and camera.
Visit http://vfm.dalsa.com for a list of companies that make power supplies that meet
the camera’s requirements. The companies listed should not be considered the only
choices. Many high quality supplies are available from other vendors. DALSA assumes
no responsibility for the use of these supplies.
2.5ControlInputs,CameraLink
The camera accepts control inputs through the Camera Link MDR26F connector. All inputs
are optional. The camera ships in exposure mode 2 (programmable line rate and exposure time).
All Camera Control (CCx) signals are in a logic HIGH state. Line rate can be set internally using

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the serial interface. Power-on rate is always 9600 baud. The external control signals,
EXSYNC and PRIN, are optional and enabled through the serial interface.
PRIN
PRIN is an optional input signal used for exposure control (PRIN).
PRIN Indicates
High Integration
Low Pixel reset
EXSYNC(TriggersLineReadout)
EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can be used to trigger the line readout rate. This
camera uses the falling edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout.
Note: EXSYNC should not be clocked faster than the camera’s specified maximum line
rate. The camera ignores the EXSYNC pulse until it has completed reading the last line
out.
2.6DataBus,CameraLink
These signals indicate when data is valid, allowing you to clock the data from the camera
to your acquisition system. These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and
you should refer to the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map, available at
vfm.dalsa.com, for the standard location of these signals:
Clocking Signal Indicates
LVAL (high) Outputting valid line
DVAL (high) Valid data
STROBE (rising edge) Valid data
IMPORTANT: This camera’s data should be sampled on the rising edge of STROBE.
DigitalData
The camera digitizes internally to 10 bits and outputs either all 10 bits or the most
significant 8 bits in LVDS format on the Camera Link connector.
Note: Due to flat-field correction calculations, certain digital numbers will be unavailable
when outputting 10 bits with flat-field correction enabled (i.e. you will experience
missing codes).
IMPORTANT:
This camera uses the
falling edge of EXSYNC
to trigger line readout,
unlike previous DALSA
cameras, which used the
rising edge.

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TestPatternPixelsandEnd-of-lineSequence
To facilitate system-level debugging and verification of data path integrity, the camera
can generate a test pattern. The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255 DN, then starts at 0
again. Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the
camera and the frame grabber.
To alleviate post-processing, the Spyder2 offers an end-of-line sequence that provides
basic calculations including "line counter", "line average", "pixels above threshold", "pixels
below threshold", and "derivative line sum". These basic calculations are the center of
most automatic gain control (AGC) algorithms.
To further aid in debugging and cable/data path integrity, the first six bits of the output
of the end-of-line sequence are "aa", "55", "aa". Refer to the table below.
Location Value Description
1 A’s By ensuring these values consistently toggle
between "aa" and "55", you can verify cabling
(i.e. no stuck bits)
2 5’s
3 A’s
4 4 bit counter LSB justified Counter increments by 1. Use this value to
verify that every line is output
5 Line sum LSB Use these values to help calculate line
average
6 Line sum MID
7 Line sum MSB
8 0
9 Pixels above threshold LSB Monitor these values (either above or below
threshold) and adjust camera gain to keep
these values relatively constant. This
provides a basis for automatic gain control
(AGC)
10 Pixels above threshold
MSB
11 Pixels below threshold LSB
12 Pixels below threshold
MSB
13 Derivative line sum LSB Use these values to focus the camera.
Generally, the greater the sum the greater the
image contrast
14 Derivative line sum Mid
15 Derivative line sum MSB
16 0
For information
on the test pattern
and end of line
sequence
commands, see
section 3.17
Generating Test
Patterns.

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2.7Timing
Figure 3. Spyder2 4K Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships
Figure 4. Spyder2 4K Fixed (Programmed) Integration Timing with External EXSYNC

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Table 5: Spyder2 4K (Fixed Integration Mode)
Symbol Definition Min (ns) Max (ns)
twSYNC The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse
when not in SMART EXSYNC mode.
100
twSYNC(SMART)
*
The minimum low width of the EXSYNC pulse
when in SMART EXSYNC modes to guarantee
the photosites are reset.
2,000
twSYNC_INT The minimum width of the high pulse when the
“SMART EXSYNC” feature is turned off
100
twSYNC_INT
(SMART) *
Is the integration time when the “SMART
EXSYNC” feature is available and turned on.
Note that the minimum time is necessary to
guarantee proper operation.
2,000
tLINE PERIOD
(t LP)
The minimum and maximum line times made
up of tTransfer, tREADOUT plus tOVERHEAD
to meet specifications.
54,054
106
tTransfer The time from the reception of the falling edge of
EXSYNC to the rising edge of LVAL when
pretrigger is set to zero. Pretrigger reduces the
number of clocks to the rising edge of LVAL but
doesn’t change the time to the first valid pixel. If
the fixed integration time mode of operation is
available and selected then the integration time
is added to the specified value.
1,420 +/-50
twFixed Int. Fixed Integration Time mode of operation for
variable exsync frequency.
800 t LP –2,000
tREADOUT Is the number of pixels per tap times the readout
clock period. Pretrigger = 0.
51,200 (4K2T)
tOVERHEAD Is the number of pixels that must elapse after the
falling edge of LVAL before the EXSYNC signal
can be asserted. This time is used to clamp the
internal analog electronics
540+/-50
thPR Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature
is enabled . The PRIN signal must be held a
minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to
avoid losing the integrated charge
0
twPR_LOW Minimum Low time to assure complete
photosite reset
2,000 +/- 200
tPR_SET The nominal time that the photo sites are
integrating. Clock synchronization will lead to
integration time jitter, which is shown in the
specification as +/- values. The user should
command times greater than these to ensure
proper charge transfer from the photosites.
Failure to meet this requirement may result in
blooming in the Horizontal Shift Register.
2,000+/-200
*SMART EXSYNC refers to exposure mode 4. Refer to section 3.9 Setting Line Rate and
Exposure Mode for further information on exposure modes.

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2.8CameraLinkSerialCommunication
Camera features can be controlled through the Camera Link™ serial communication
(LVDS, 9600 baud). The serial interface uses simple ASCII-based protocol. The following
chapter describes how to configure the camera using the serial interface.

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3
SoftwareInterface:
HowtoControlthe
Camera
3.1Overview
All camera features can be controlled through the serial interface. The camera can also be
used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly. Functions available
include:
• Controlling basic camera functions such as gain and sync signal source
• Camera calibration
• Measuring internal temperature and voltages
• Capturing video
• Generating a test pattern for debugging
The serial interface uses a simple ASCII-based protocol. The complete protocol is
described in Appendix C, Communications Protocol.
OnlineHelp
For quick help, the camera can return all available commands and parameters through
the serial interface. To generate this list, send the command hto the camera.
RetrievingCameraSettings
To read current camera settings, send the command gcp. For an explanation of the
camera parameter screen, see section C6 Camera Parameter Screen on page 64.
i
This chapter details the
most commonly used
commands. See
Appendix C for the
complete syntax and
command reference for
the camera’s serial
interface.

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3.2CommandFormat
• A carriage return (CR) ends each command.
• Values in square brackets are optional.
• There are two methods for entering the commands: In long form each command is
written in its entirety. In short form, only a predefined abbreviation is required. The
manual uses the short form.
• The camera will answer each command with either "OK >" or "Error x: Error Message
>". The ">" is always the last character sent by the camera.
• The following parameters are used in the manual:
i= integer
f= float
s= string
t= tap
x1, x2 = pixel start and stop values
3.3ProcessingChain
The figure below is a simplified block diagram of the camera's processing chain. The
analog processing chain contains two elements–a gain stage and an offset stage. The
digital processing chain contains the FPN correction, PRNU correction, background
subtract, a system gain stage, and a background add. The software commands allow you
to set and change all the elements of the processing chain. This enables maximum
processing flexibility depending on your requirements.
Digital Processing
In addition, the two elements of the analog processing chain, analog gain and analog
offset, can be adjusted to separate values in the calibrated and uncalibrated modes. For
example, the analog gain value can be set to –5db in calibrated mode and 6dB in
uncalibrated mode. When switching between calibrated and uncalibrated modes, the
camera automatically uses the corresponding value.