Dell Force10 Z9000 User manual

Dell Conguration Guide for the Z9000 System
9.7(0.0)

Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright ©2015 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell™
and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2015 - 02
Rev. A00

Contents
1 About this Guide............................................................................................................ 29
Audience.......................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Conventions..................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Related Documents.......................................................................................................................................................... 29
2 Conguration Fundamentals......................................................................................... 30
Accessing the Command Line.......................................................................................................................................... 30
CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................................................30
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................ 32
The do Command.............................................................................................................................................................34
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................35
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................35
Entering and Editing Commands...................................................................................................................................... 36
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................37
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 37
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...............................................................................................................................38
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................. 39
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................39
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................39
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH........................................................................................... 40
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection....................................................................................................40
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection.............................................................................................. 40
Default Conguration........................................................................................................................................................ 41
Conguring a Host Name..................................................................................................................................................41
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................... 41
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................. 41
Congure the Management Port IP Address.............................................................................................................. 42
Congure a Management Route.................................................................................................................................42
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................... 42
Conguring the Enable Password.....................................................................................................................................43
Conguration File Management........................................................................................................................................43
Copy Files to and from the System.............................................................................................................................43
Mounting an NFS File System.................................................................................................................................... 44
Save the Running-Conguration................................................................................................................................ 45
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario..................................................................................................... 46
Viewing Files.............................................................................................................................................................. 46
Managing the File System................................................................................................................................................ 47
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.................................................................................. 48
View Command History....................................................................................................................................................49
Upgrading Dell Networking OS.........................................................................................................................................49
Using HTTP for File Transfers.......................................................................................................................................... 49
3

Using Hashes to Validate Software Images.......................................................................................................................49
4 Management..................................................................................................................51
Conguring Privilege Levels.............................................................................................................................................. 51
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...............................................................................................................................51
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode................................................................................................................... 51
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode.................................................................................51
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands............................................................................................51
Allowing Access to the Following Modes....................................................................................................................52
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................... 53
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...............................................................................................................54
Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 54
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................. 54
Conguring Logging Format .....................................................................................................................................56
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................57
Log Messages in the Internal Buer................................................................................................................................. 58
Conguration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................................ 58
Disabling System Logging.................................................................................................................................................58
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server................................................................................................................. 58
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..........................................................................................................58
Changing System Logging Settings..................................................................................................................................59
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration............................................................................................... 59
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level........................................................................................................................ 60
Synchronizing Log Messages............................................................................................................................................ 61
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages........................................................................................................................ 62
File Transfer Services....................................................................................................................................................... 62
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services....................................................................................................... 62
Enabling the FTP Server............................................................................................................................................ 62
Conguring FTP Server Parameters...........................................................................................................................63
Conguring FTP Client Parameters............................................................................................................................ 63
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................64
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................64
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines...................................................................................................64
Setting Time Out of EXEC Privilege Mode.......................................................................................................................65
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device............................................................................................................... 66
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode......................................................................................................................................... 66
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status.......................................................................................................................67
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System........................................................................................ 67
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password on the Z9000................................................................................... 68
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System......................................................................................................69
Restoring the Factory Default Settings............................................................................................................................ 69
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................. 70
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables....................................................................................................... 70
5 802.1X........................................................................................................................... 72
The Port-Authentication Process..................................................................................................................................... 73
4

EAP over RADIUS.......................................................................................................................................................74
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 75
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................... 75
Important Points to Remember........................................................................................................................................ 75
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 76
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions................................................................................................................ 77
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication............................................................................................ 78
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................................... 79
Re-Authenticating a Port..................................................................................................................................................79
Conguring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................80
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication....................................................................................81
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.............................................................................................................................. 82
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................... 83
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................................... 83
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)..........................................................................................85
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).........................................................................................................................................85
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................86
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................86
IP Fragment Handling.......................................................................................................................................................88
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................... 88
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................... 88
Congure a Standard IP ACL............................................................................................................................................89
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..........................................................................................................................90
Congure an Extended IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................91
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................................. 91
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number........................................................................................................92
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs.................................................................................................................................93
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................... 93
Applying an IP ACL...........................................................................................................................................................94
Counting ACL Hits......................................................................................................................................................94
Congure Ingress ACLs....................................................................................................................................................95
Congure Egress ACLs.....................................................................................................................................................96
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................................96
IP Prex Lists....................................................................................................................................................................97
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................ 97
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists....................................................................................................................... 98
ACL Resequencing.......................................................................................................................................................... 101
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................... 102
Route Maps.................................................................................................................................................................... 103
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 103
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................103
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................... 103
Conguring Match Routes........................................................................................................................................105
Conguring Set Conditions....................................................................................................................................... 107
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution...................................................................................................... 108
5

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................................108
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................108
Logging of ACL Processes..............................................................................................................................................109
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.......................................................................................................................... 110
Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................................................110
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................................................ 111
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................111
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................... 112
7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).....114
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs........................................................................... 114
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN groups..................................................................................................................115
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...........................................................116
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups..................................................................................................................................116
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................................................................................117
Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................ 117
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes........................................................................................................................118
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)....................................................................120
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 120
BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................... 121
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................122
BFD Three-Way Handshake...................................................................................................................................... 123
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................. 125
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................................125
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 125
Congure BFD for Physical Ports..............................................................................................................................126
Congure BFD for Static Routes...............................................................................................................................129
Congure BFD for OSPF.......................................................................................................................................... 130
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................132
Congure BFD for IS-IS............................................................................................................................................ 134
Congure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................ 136
Congure BFD for VRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 142
Conguring Protocol Liveness...................................................................................................................................145
Troubleshooting BFD.................................................................................................................................................145
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)...................................................................... 147
Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................. 147
Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 149
Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................149
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................150
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................ 151
Best Path Selection Criteria.......................................................................................................................................151
Weight...................................................................................................................................................................... 153
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................153
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)..............................................................................................................................154
6

Origin........................................................................................................................................................................155
AS Path.................................................................................................................................................................... 155
Next Hop..................................................................................................................................................................156
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 156
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................... 157
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................... 157
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes...............................................................................................157
Ignore Router-ID for Some Best-Path Calculations................................................................................................... 158
Four-Byte AS Numbers.............................................................................................................................................158
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................... 158
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 160
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)............................................................................................................. 161
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................161
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................... 162
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................162
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................163
Conguring AS4 Number Representations................................................................................................................166
Conguring Peer Groups...........................................................................................................................................168
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over................................................................................................................................170
Conguring Passive Peering......................................................................................................................................172
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration........................................................................................ 172
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path..............................................................................................173
Enabling Graceful Restart..........................................................................................................................................174
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart..........................................................................................................................175
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.............................................................................................................................. 175
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................... 177
Redistributing Routes................................................................................................................................................178
Enabling Additional Paths..........................................................................................................................................179
Conguring IP Community Lists................................................................................................................................179
Conguring an IP Extended Community List.............................................................................................................180
Filtering Routes with Community Lists.......................................................................................................................181
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................................. 181
Changing MED Attributes......................................................................................................................................... 183
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute........................................................................................................183
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute..........................................................................................................................184
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...............................................................................................................................184
Enabling Multipath.................................................................................................................................................... 185
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................ 185
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...................................................................................................................186
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.................................................................................................... 187
Conguring BGP Route Reectors............................................................................................................................187
Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................. 188
Conguring BGP Confederations..............................................................................................................................188
Enabling Route Flap Dampening................................................................................................................................189
Changing BGP Timers............................................................................................................................................... 191
7

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration...........................................................................................................192
Route Map Continue.................................................................................................................................................193
Enabling MBGP Congurations.......................................................................................................................................193
BGP Regular Expression Optimization............................................................................................................................ 194
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 194
Storing Last and Bad PDUs...................................................................................................................................... 195
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................196
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................197
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................... 197
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)........................................................................ 204
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 204
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 206
View CAM Proles......................................................................................................................................................... 206
View CAM-ACL Settings................................................................................................................................................ 207
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................208
CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................209
Troubleshoot CAM Proling............................................................................................................................................209
CAM Prole Mismatches..........................................................................................................................................209
QoS CAM Region Limitation.....................................................................................................................................209
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................... 210
Congure Control Plane Policing......................................................................................................................................211
Conguring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................................212
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................... 213
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets....................................................................................................................................... 214
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3..................................................................................................................................217
Show Commands......................................................................................................................................................218
12 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).......................................................... 220
DHCP Packet Format and Options.................................................................................................................................220
Assign an IP Address using DHCP.................................................................................................................................. 222
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................222
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.................................................................................................................. 223
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.........................................................................................223
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................. 225
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution.......................................................................................................... 225
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................... 225
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution.......................................................................................................... 225
Creating Manual Binding Entries.............................................................................................................................. 225
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................... 226
Using DHCP Clear Commands................................................................................................................................. 226
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.....................................................................................................................226
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client....................................................................................................................228
DHCP Client on a Management Interface................................................................................................................ 228
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features............................................................................................................229
8

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)...........................................................................................229
Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................ 230
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................230
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................230
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only......................................................................................................... 233
Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................................... 234
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.......................................................................................................................235
Source Address Validation.............................................................................................................................................. 236
Enabling IP Source Address Validation......................................................................................................................236
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation.....................................................................................................................237
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................................................237
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets......................................................................................................... 237
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets........................................................................................................ 238
13 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)..................................................................................239
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity....................................................................................................................................... 239
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................... 239
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop...................................................................................................................239
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................... 239
Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................240
Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................. 240
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..............................................................................................................................241
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold..................................................................................................................... 241
14 Enabling FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................... 243
Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................................243
Preparing the System.....................................................................................................................................................243
Enabling FIPS Mode.......................................................................................................................................................243
Generating Host-Keys.................................................................................................................................................... 244
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status........................................................................................................................................ 244
Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 245
15 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................... 246
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................246
Ring Status.............................................................................................................................................................. 246
Multiple FRRP Rings.................................................................................................................................................247
Important FRRP Points.............................................................................................................................................247
Important FRRP Concepts....................................................................................................................................... 248
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 249
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 249
Creating the FRRP Group........................................................................................................................................ 249
Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................. 250
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................................ 251
Setting the FRRP Timers......................................................................................................................................... 252
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................... 252
Viewing the FRRP Conguration..............................................................................................................................252
9

Viewing the FRRP Information................................................................................................................................. 252
Troubleshooting FRRP....................................................................................................................................................253
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................253
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................... 253
16 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................... 255
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................255
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 255
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................256
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................. 256
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface............................................................................................................................257
Congure GVRP Registration.........................................................................................................................................257
Congure a GARP Timer................................................................................................................................................258
17 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)...........................................................259
IGMP Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................259
IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 259
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................259
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................260
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 263
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 263
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces.................................................................................................................................. 264
Selecting an IGMP Version.............................................................................................................................................264
Viewing IGMP Groups.................................................................................................................................................... 264
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 265
Adjusting Query and Response Timers.....................................................................................................................265
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value..............................................................................................................266
Conguring a Static IGMP Group...................................................................................................................................266
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................... 266
IGMP Snooping.............................................................................................................................................................. 267
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................................ 267
Conguring IGMP Snooping.....................................................................................................................................267
Removing a Group-Port Association.........................................................................................................................267
Disabling Multicast Flooding.....................................................................................................................................268
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.............................................................................................268
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................... 268
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes.........................................................................................................269
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications................................................................................ 269
Protocol Separation..................................................................................................................................................270
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection............................................................................... 271
Handling of Management Route Conguration......................................................................................................... 271
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac...........................................................................................................................272
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................... 272
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)..........................................................................................................273
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type............................................................................................273
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .................................................................................... 274
10

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .................................................................................. 275
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.......................................................................................................... 276
Designating a Multicast Router Interface........................................................................................................................276
18 Interfaces...................................................................................................................277
Basic Interface Conguration..........................................................................................................................................277
Advanced Interface Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 277
Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 277
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................... 278
Enabling a Physical Interface.......................................................................................................................................... 279
Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 280
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................... 280
Overview of Layer Modes........................................................................................................................................ 280
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode...................................................................................................................... 281
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode....................................................................................................................... 281
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................... 281
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................... 282
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).....................................................................................................................................282
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 283
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 283
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 283
Conguring Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 283
Conguring Management Interfaces on the S-Series...............................................................................................284
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................284
Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................285
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................286
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 286
Port Channel Denition and Standards.....................................................................................................................286
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................. 286
Port Channel Implementation...................................................................................................................................286
10/100/1000 Mbps Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................... 287
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.......................................................................................................287
Creating a Port Channel...........................................................................................................................................288
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................288
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................................... 290
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel......................................................................................290
................................................................................................................................................................................. 291
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel................................................................................................................291
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................... 291
Load Balancing Through Port Channels....................................................................................................................292
Load-Balancing Method........................................................................................................................................... 292
Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................. 292
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................294
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................294
Bulk Conguration Examples....................................................................................................................................294
Dening Interface Range Macros...................................................................................................................................295
11

Dene the Interface Range...................................................................................................................................... 296
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro........................................................................................................................296
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................... 296
Maintenance Using TDR...........................................................................................................................................297
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...............................................................................................................................298
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port......................................................................................... 298
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................299
Support for LM4 Optics...........................................................................................................................................299
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................299
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................303
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 303
Enabling Link Dampening......................................................................................................................................... 303
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 304
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control............................................................................................................. 305
Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................ 306
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface........................................................................................................................306
Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 307
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 307
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................... 307
Set Auto-Negotiation Options..................................................................................................................................309
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................................. 310
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size................................................................................................................... 310
Dynamic Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 311
Clearing Interface Counters...................................................................................................................................... 312
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges........................................................................................................................ 312
19 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)............................................................................. 314
Conguring IPSec .......................................................................................................................................................... 314
20 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................. 316
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 316
Implementation Information...................................................................................................................................... 316
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................. 316
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface............................................................................................................................317
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................... 317
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..................................................................................................319
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview..............................................................................................................................320
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages......................................................................................... 320
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface.................................................................................................................... 321
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection................................................................................................ 321
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................... 321
Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................................................322
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................................322
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains...........................................................................................322
Conguring DNS with Traceroute...................................................................................................................................323
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................324
12

Conguration Tasks for ARP...........................................................................................................................................324
Conguring Static ARP Entries.......................................................................................................................................324
Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 325
Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................325
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP...................................................................................................................................325
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................... 326
ARP Learning via ARP Request......................................................................................................................................326
Conguring ARP Retries.................................................................................................................................................327
ICMP..............................................................................................................................................................................327
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.........................................................................................................................................327
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages.......................................................................................................................... 327
UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................................................328
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................328
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 328
Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................328
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................... 329
Congurations Using UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................. 329
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses..................................................................................................................... 329
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses..............................................................................................................330
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................330
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................... 331
Troubleshooting UDP Helper...........................................................................................................................................331
21 IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................. 333
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................333
Extended Address Space......................................................................................................................................... 333
Stateless Autoconguration..................................................................................................................................... 333
IPv6 Headers........................................................................................................................................................... 334
IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 334
Extension Header Fields...........................................................................................................................................336
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................337
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................................338
ICMPv6..........................................................................................................................................................................339
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................340
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery................................................................................................................................................340
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets................................................................................................................341
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS......................................................................................................................... 341
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server.............................................................................................................341
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ............................................................................................342
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................... 342
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...................................................................................................................343
Conguration Tasks for IPv6.......................................................................................................................................... 343
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole......................................................................................................................................343
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface................................................................................................................344
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................. 345
Conguring Telnet with IPv6.................................................................................................................................... 345
13

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................345
Showing IPv6 Information........................................................................................................................................ 346
Showing an IPv6 Interface....................................................................................................................................... 346
Showing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 347
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface............................................................................................... 348
Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................348
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard............................................................................................................................................ 349
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface............................................................................................................. 350
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard........................................................................................................................................ 351
22 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................352
IS-IS Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................352
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................352
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 353
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 353
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................353
Adjacencies..............................................................................................................................................................353
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................354
Timers......................................................................................................................................................................354
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................354
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 355
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS....................................................................................................................................355
Conguring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................................ 363
Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................... 363
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.......................................................................................................................................366
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.......................................................................................................................................366
Conguring Authentication Passwords.....................................................................................................................367
Setting the Overload Bit.......................................................................................................................................... 368
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 368
IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 369
Congure Metric Values.................................................................................................................................................369
Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................... 370
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................................370
Leaks from One Level to Another..............................................................................................................................371
Sample Congurations....................................................................................................................................................372
23 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................ 375
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.......................................................................................................................375
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 375
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................376
Conguring LACP Commands..................................................................................................................................376
LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................. 377
Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 377
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic............................................................................................................. 377
Setting the LACP Long Timeout...............................................................................................................................378
Monitoring and Debugging LACP............................................................................................................................. 378
14

Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 379
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................................... 379
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................. 380
LACP Basic Conguration Example.................................................................................................................................381
Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................... 381
Setting Up a Threshold for Utilization of High-Gigabit Port Channels............................................................................ 388
Guidelines for Monitoring High-Gigabit Port Channels............................................................................................. 389
Enabling the Verication of Member Links Utilization in a High-Gigabit Port Channel.................................................... 390
Viewing Buer Utilization and Queue Statistics on High-Gigabit Ethernet Backplane Ports...........................................390
24 Layer 2...................................................................................................................... 392
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................... 392
Clearing the MAC Address Table.............................................................................................................................. 392
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................................392
Conguring a Static MAC Address...........................................................................................................................392
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 393
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................393
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................... 394
mac learning-limit Dynamic...................................................................................................................................... 394
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky..................................................................................................................... 394
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................... 394
mac learning-limit no-station-move..........................................................................................................................395
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................................395
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................... 395
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...................................................................................396
NIC Teaming.................................................................................................................................................................. 396
Congure Redundant Pairs.............................................................................................................................................397
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs...............................................................................................399
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................. 400
FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................ 401
Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 401
Enabling FEFD on an Interface................................................................................................................................. 402
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................403
25 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).......................................................................405
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................. 405
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................405
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................406
Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................406
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................... 408
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................... 408
Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 412
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................412
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................412
LLDP Compatibility................................................................................................................................................... 412
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations....................................................................................................412
15

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................ 413
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................... 413
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports............................................................................................................................ 413
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports................................................................................................. 414
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................. 414
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.....................................................................................................................................415
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents............................................................................................. 416
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals........................................................................................................................................ 416
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.........................................................................................................................417
Conguring a Time to Live.............................................................................................................................................. 418
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................419
Relevant Management Objects.......................................................................................................................................419
26 Microsoft Network Load Balancing............................................................................424
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.......................................................................................................................................... 424
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................424
Limitations With Enabling NLB on Switches...................................................................................................................425
Benets and Working of Microsoft Clustering................................................................................................................425
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ................................................................................................................................425
Conguring a Switch for NLB ........................................................................................................................................426
.................................................................................................................................................................................426
27 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)........................................................... 427
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................427
Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................................... 428
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................428
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol............................................................................................................. 428
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 429
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................433
Manage the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................................. 434
Viewing the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................434
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................................434
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................... 435
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................ 435
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................................435
Specifying Source-Active Messages.............................................................................................................................. 439
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.........................................................................................................440
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source............................................................................................................ 440
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source......................................................................................................... 441
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................................ 441
Logging Changes in Peership States.............................................................................................................................. 442
Terminating a Peership................................................................................................................................................... 442
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................. 443
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................443
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................. 444
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................. 445
16

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding............................................................................................................. 446
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages....................................................................................................446
MSDP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................449
28 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................452
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 452
Spanning Tree Variations................................................................................................................................................453
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................453
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................................... 453
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................453
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................... 454
Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................................454
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.....................................................................................................................454
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection...................................................................................................................................455
Interoperate with Non-Dell Networking OS Bridges....................................................................................................... 456
Changing the Region Name or Revision......................................................................................................................... 456
Modifying Global Parameters..........................................................................................................................................457
Modifying the Interface Parameters...............................................................................................................................458
Conguring an EdgePort................................................................................................................................................459
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.............................................................................................................459
MSTP Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................ 460
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-CongurationSFTOS
Example Running-Conguration...............................................................................................................................460
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations..............................................................................................................463
29 Multicast Features.................................................................................................... 465
Enabling IP Multicast......................................................................................................................................................465
Multicast with ECMP.....................................................................................................................................................465
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................466
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast...............................................................................................................467
Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................467
IPv4 Multicast Policies..............................................................................................................................................467
30 Object Tracking......................................................................................................... 475
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 475
Track Layer 2 Interfaces........................................................................................................................................... 476
Track Layer 3 Interfaces........................................................................................................................................... 476
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 476
Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................. 477
VRRP Object Tracking..............................................................................................................................................478
Object Tracking Conguration........................................................................................................................................ 478
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface......................................................................................................................................478
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface..................................................................................................................................... 479
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................................480
Displaying Tracked Objects.............................................................................................................................................483
17

31 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................486
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 486
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.............................................................................................................................. 486
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................487
Networks and Neighbors..........................................................................................................................................488
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................488
Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................................................490
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................... 490
Router Priority and Cost........................................................................................................................................... 491
OSPF with Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................492
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................493
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).................................................................................................................. 494
Multi-Process OSPFv2 (IPv4 only).......................................................................................................................... 494
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding....................................................................................................................... 494
OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................495
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers........................................................................................................... 495
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 496
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)...............................................................................................496
Sample Congurations for OSPFv2............................................................................................................................... 509
Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology............................................................................................................................... 509
OSPF Area 0 — Te 1/1 and 1/2................................................................................................................................509
OSPF Area 0 — Te 3/1 and 3/2............................................................................................................................... 510
OSPF Area 0 — Te 2/1 and 2/2............................................................................................................................... 510
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)......................................................................................................510
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...................................................................................................................................511
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface..................................................................................................................511
Assigning Area ID on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 511
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally................................................................................................511
Conguring Stub Areas............................................................................................................................................. 512
Conguring Passive-Interface................................................................................................................................... 512
Redistributing Routes................................................................................................................................................512
Conguring a Default Route......................................................................................................................................513
Enabling OSPFv3 Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................... 513
OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec.........................................................................................................................515
Troubleshooting OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................................... 521
32 Policy-based Routing (PBR)......................................................................................523
Overview........................................................................................................................................................................523
Implementing Policy-based Routing with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................ 524
Conguration Task List for Policy-based Routing........................................................................................................... 525
PBR Exceptions (Permit)......................................................................................................................................... 527
Sample Conguration.....................................................................................................................................................529
Create the Redirect-List GOLDAssign Redirect-List GOLD to Interface 2/11View Redirect-List GOLD....................530
33 PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM)....................................................................................534
18

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................534
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 534
Requesting Multicast Trac.....................................................................................................................................534
Refuse Multicast Trac........................................................................................................................................... 535
Send Multicast Trac.............................................................................................................................................. 535
Conguring PIM-SM......................................................................................................................................................535
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................536
Enable PIM-SM..............................................................................................................................................................536
Conguring S,G Expiry Timers........................................................................................................................................537
Conguring a Static Rendezvous Point.......................................................................................................................... 538
Overriding Bootstrap Router Updates......................................................................................................................538
Conguring a Designated Router................................................................................................................................... 538
Creating Multicast Boundaries and Domains.................................................................................................................. 539
Enabling PIM-SM Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................ 539
34 PIM Source-Specic Mode (PIM-SSM)....................................................................540
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 540
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................540
Congure PIM-SMM..................................................................................................................................................... 540
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................540
Enabling PIM-SSM......................................................................................................................................................... 541
Use PIM-SSM with IGMP Version 2 Hosts..................................................................................................................... 541
Conguring PIM-SSM with IGMPv2.........................................................................................................................541
35 Port Monitoring.........................................................................................................544
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................544
Port Monitoring..............................................................................................................................................................544
Conguring Port Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................... 546
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................................548
Remote Port Mirroring................................................................................................................................................... 549
Remote Port Mirroring Example...............................................................................................................................549
Conguring Remote Port Mirroring..........................................................................................................................550
Displaying Remote-Port Mirroring Congurations..................................................................................................... 551
Conguring the Sample Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................... 552
Conguring the Encapsulated Remote Port Mirroring....................................................................................................555
Changes to Default BehaviorConguration steps for ERPM ................................................................................... 555
ERPM Behavior on a typical Dell Networking OS .......................................................................................................... 557
Decapsulation of ERPM packets at the Destination IP/ Analyzer............................................................................. 557
36 Private VLANs (PVLAN)........................................................................................... 559
Private VLAN Concepts.................................................................................................................................................559
Using the Private VLAN Commands.............................................................................................................................. 560
Conguration Task List................................................................................................................................................... 561
Creating PVLAN ports.............................................................................................................................................. 561
Creating a Primary VLAN.........................................................................................................................................562
Creating a Community VLAN................................................................................................................................... 563
19

Creating an Isolated VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 563
Private VLAN Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................564
Inspecting the Private VLAN Conguration................................................................................................................... 565
37 Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+).....................................................................568
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 568
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 569
Congure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus....................................................................................................................... 569
Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................569
Enabling PVST+............................................................................................................................................................. 569
Disabling PVST+.............................................................................................................................................................569
Inuencing PVST+ Root Selection..................................................................................................................................570
Modifying Global PVST+ Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 571
Modifying Interface PVST+ Parameters......................................................................................................................... 572
Conguring an EdgePort................................................................................................................................................573
PVST+ in Multi-Vendor Networks...................................................................................................................................573
Enabling PVST+ Extend System ID.................................................................................................................................574
PVST+ Sample Congurations........................................................................................................................................574
38 Quality of Service (QoS)........................................................................................... 577
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................................578
Port-Based QoS Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 579
Setting dot1p Priorities for Incoming Trac..............................................................................................................579
Honoring dot1p Priorities on Ingress Trac.............................................................................................................. 579
Conguring Port-Based Rate Policing......................................................................................................................580
Conguring Port-Based Rate Shaping..................................................................................................................... 580
Policy-Based QoS Congurations................................................................................................................................... 581
Classify Trac...........................................................................................................................................................581
Create a QoS Policy................................................................................................................................................. 585
Create Policy Maps.................................................................................................................................................. 586
Enabling QoS Rate Adjustment.......................................................................................................................................591
Enabling Strict-Priority Queueing................................................................................................................................... 592
Weighted Random Early Detection.................................................................................................................................592
Creating WRED Proles........................................................................................................................................... 593
Applying a WRED Prole to Trac........................................................................................................................... 593
Displaying Default and Congured WRED Proles....................................................................................................594
Displaying WRED Drop Statistics..............................................................................................................................594
Pre-Calculating Available QoS CAM Space.................................................................................................................... 594
Conguring Weights and ECN for WRED ......................................................................................................................595
Global Service Pools With WRED and ECN Settings................................................................................................596
Conguring WRED and ECN Attributes..........................................................................................................................597
Guidelines for Conguring ECN for Classifying and Color-Marking Packets...................................................................598
Sample conguration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with Multiple trac class............................................. 598
Classifying Incoming Packets Using ECN and Color-Marking...................................................................................598
Sample conguration to mark non-ecn packets as “yellow” with single trac class.................................................600
Applying Layer 2 Match Criteria on a Layer 3 Interface...................................................................................................601
20