Directive Systems & Engineering DSEFO146-12 User manual

DSEFO146-12 Rev 10/20
Directive Systems & Engineering
2702 Rodgers Terrace
Haymarket, VA 20169-1628
www.directivesystems.com
703-754-3876
12 Element 2.5 wl. K1FO Designed Yagi, Model DSEFO146-12
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Frequency range: MHz ......................145-148
Gain: dBd........................................... 12.6
Impedance: Ohms.............................. 50
Connector type................................... Type N(F) UG-58/U
Front -to- back ratio: dB...................... 23
SWR: Typical at resonance................ ≅1.2:1
Beamwidth: degrees
E- Plane ................................. 34°
H- Plane ................................. 37°
Sidelobe level: decibels
E- Plane ................................. -19
H- Plane ................................. -16
Power rating, Continuous: Watts ....... 1000
Stacking Distance: ft.(m)
E- Plane.................................. 11’7” (3.53)
H- Plane.................................. 10’8” (3.25)
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Boom length: ft. (m.)........................... 17’4” (5.28)
Turning radius: in. (m.)........................ 10’4” (3.15)
Weight Assembled: Lbs (kg.).............. 9.5 (4.32)
Max mast size: in. (cm.)....................... 2”(5.08)
Wind surface area: Ft (m. ) ................. 1.5 (.14)
Wind Survival: Mph (km/hr)................. 100 (160)
PARTS LIST
Note: All hardware is Stainless Steel, unless otherwise noted.

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Anti-Seize Compound - Apply a small amount of the supplied Anti-Seize Compound to the aluminum joints and
to the threads of the U-Bolts to prevent galling.
BEFORE INSTALLING YOUR NEW ANTENNA, PLEASE BE SURE
TO READ THE ENCLOSED WARNING PAMPHLET.
CAUTION: While we strive to remove all burrs from all machined parts, there is always the
possibility of sharp edges. We strongly suggest checking the edges and use a fine file,
or 400 grit sandpaper, to remove any burrs that may have been left.
Tools needed: #2 Phillips screwdriver
¼” flat blade screwdriver
large needle nosed pliers
keeper installation tool (supplied with kit)
ruler with metric millimeter markings
marking pencil
Hardware Ba g Boom-to-Mast Hardware
T-arm Shorting Ba rs 2 1/4" x 1 3/4" U-bol ts 2
8-32 x 1 1/4" Machi ne s crew 4 1/4" Nuts 4
8-32 x 1 3/4" Machi ne s crew 3 1/4" Spl i t Lock washers 4
#8 Internal Tooth Lock was hers 2 1/4" Flat was hers 4
#8 Split Lock was hers 6 5/16" x 2" U-bolts 2
#8 Nuts 8 5/16" Nuts 4
6-32 x 1/2" Machi ne screw 2 5/16" Spl i t Lock was hers 4
#6 Internal Tooth Lock was her 5 5/16" Fl a t wa s hers 4
T-arm s upport bracket (pre- 1
ass embled with Del rin standoffs)
1/4" Element i ns ul a tors 23 Prepa red Ba l un 1
1/4" Keepers 24 Boom to Mas t pl a te 1
3/8" Hol e pl ug 1 Anti -Sieze Compound 1
1/2" End ca ps 2 Element as s embly tool 1
3/8" End caps 2
1 1/4" Boom End Caps 2 Ass embly Manua l 1
1 1/2" Hos e Cla mps 2
Prepa red Fema l e Type-N connector 1
Cabl e ties 3

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ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
1) The antenna components should be removed carefully from the shipping container and
the individual parts counted and checked for completeness. Be careful to check all tubing
pieces for elements and hardware that may be packed inside.
In the following steps, apply a small amount of the supplied Anti-Seize to the boom joints:
2) The boom consists of three pieces of tubing. The rear boom section has the large hole
for the driven element in it. The larger diameter center boom section (1 3/8" dia.) must be
connected to the rear section. Insert rear section where marked with like colors, align the #8
hardware mounting holes and slide the stainless steel worm clamp over the slotted portion of
the center boom piece. An 8-32 X1 3/4" machine screw, lock washer and hex nut complete the
process. Tighten all hardware then proceed with the front boom piece. That connection with
the mid boom piece is also marked with like colors. Similarly attach the front boom section as
you did the rear.
3) The element bundle contains all of the elements needed for assembly. Take time to
inventory each one and check off each dimension with Table 1. Some elements vary by 1 or
2mm in overall length, so extreme care in measuring is called for here. Arrange elements in
order of descending size and mark each element with a scribe for proper location of the
“keeper”(See Table 1 and Figure 1). The reflector is the longest element, and each
succeeding director is slightly shorter. DIR # 10 is the shortest. The keeper must be installed
as shown in Fig. 2. Using the aluminum tubing tool supplied, slide the keeper to within 1/8”or
3mm of the scribed line. Final adjustment will be done on the antenna. Note that the keeper is
a one-way device only. If you go past the scribed line, you must continue to the element end
and start the process over. Place the first keeper on all elements.
See pictures below for keeper orientation. The front side, with the tabs going inward, is the
side to push onto the element. The rear side, with the tabs going outward, is the side that
faces you. It is the side that goes face down into the element tool.
Keeper Front side Keeper Rear side

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DSEFO146-12 Rev 10/20
4) You are now ready to install the elements on the boom. You must start at one end and
work your way, in order, to the far end of the boom. Lay out the elements in ascending or
descending order as appropriate. Install a black insulator in each side of the boom piece at
the starting end, and slide the correct element through the two insulators. Obtain a second
keeper and install that keeper on the opposite end of element #1 from the pre-installed keeper.
(See Figure 3) Check that the element is centered before you snug up both keepers. A
positioning error of +/- 2mm or 0.080" is acceptable.
5) At this point, if you tighten the keepers and the element is not centered, you will have to
cut one of the keepers to remove the element and start again. Some extra keepers are
supplied, but care is definitely required here. Check your work as you go! Proceed with the
next element in similar fashion. Check off each element on Table 1 to monitor your progress.
Double-check element lengths one last time before final installation on the boom.
6) The driven element is next. Refer to the drawing in Figure 4 and the photos in Figure 5
for guidance. The driven element slides through the boom at the ½” holes. It should slide
through with some friction and you might need to twist it back and forth to get it through. Align
the hole in the driven element with the hole in the boom. Insert an 8-32 X 1 ¾” screw through
the large hole in the bottom of the boom, through the driven element and up through the hole
in the boom. Place the T-arm support bracket on next, then the connector L bracket
(connector facing forward!). Next place a #8 internal tooth lock washer and a nut and tighten.
Install 3/8” plastic plug in the driven element access hole.

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FIGURE 4.

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FIGURES 5.
If you are installing multiple antennas, please be sure that you build each
antenna with the same T-match wire orientation. In the above drawing, the center pin
goes to the right hand side of the antenna as viewed from the back of the connector.
Make sure both antennas do the same! Proper phase relationship is very important
here!

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DSEFO146-12 Rev 10/20
7) Next is the T-Match assembly. Once again, refer to figure 4 and 5. Starting with the left
T-arm, viewed from the rear, pass a 6-32 X ½” screw through a #6 internal tooth lock washer
and through a lug on the center conductor of the balun through a second # 6 internal tooth
lock washer, through the T-arm and into the insulator. Do not over-tighten the screw as the
threads of the insulator can be easily damaged. The right side is next. Pass a 6-32 X ½” screw
through a #6 internal tooth lock washer, then the center conductor of the balun, another #6
internal tooth lock washer, the lug from the N connector, another #6 internal tooth lock washer,
the T-arm and screw into the insulator.
8) Place a #8 internal tooth lock washer on the screw securing the driven element and the
T-arm support bracket, then the two ground lugs from the balun, then another #8 internal tooth
lock washer and nut. Tighten securely.
9) Last, pass 8-32 X 1 ¼” screws through the holes in the shorting bars and place a split
lock washer and nut on the other end. Slide the shorting bars over the ends of the driven
elements and over the T arms and measure from the boom to the inside edge of the shorting
bars and set the length. The following shows various shorting bar settings and the resultant
SWR plots:
160mm

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170mm

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180mm

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190mm
NOTE: These plots were made with the antenna one wavelength off the ground. The
SWR will get better the higher you put the antenna.
10) Using the supplied cable ties, secure the balun to the boom exactly as shown in Figure
6 and route so they do not touch any of the elements; this will ensure minimum SWR. Install
supplied 1 1/8” plastic caps on ends of boom.

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DSEFO146-12 Rev 10/20
FIGURE 6.
Before moving on to the following step, apply a small amount of the supplied Anti-Seize
Compound to the threads of the U-Bolts to prevent galling:
11) Attach the boom to mast plate to the boom midway between elements D-5 and D-6.
Use the ¼” U-bolts with flat washers, lock washers and nuts. The antenna will be front heavy
at this point but the weight of the feedline, when attached, will cause it to be balanced. If using
multiple antennas in an array, be certain all mounting plates are at the same location. When
attaching the antenna to your mast, use the 5/16” U-Bolts, flat washers, lock washers and
nuts. Once you have the U-bolts installed and the antenna mounted on your support mast and
tightened, you can route your feedline along the mast and over to the driven element and
connector. Dress the coax against the antenna boom and tighten the connector. Seal the
connector body with several layers of good grade vinyl tape. Then apply a layer of butyl rubber
antenna sealer or RTV over the tape. This will provide a good vapor barrier and ensure years
of trouble free performance. The insulated design will make for a very long-lived antenna that
will stand up well in harsh environments.

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DSEFO146-12 Rev 10/20
If you wish to check your work, now is the time to apply power to the antenna. Any work
around RF energy should be done carefully. We do not recommend standing next to an
antenna with many watts of 144 Mhz energy radiating around it. Using an antenna analyzer,
VNA or low power transmitter and SWR bridge, adjust the shorting bars for minimum SWR.
Always keep the shorting bars th same distance from the ends of the driven element.
Generally, good wattmeters can reliably indicate SWR down to about 1.2:1. A high directivity
bridge or coupler can increase accuracy, but 1.2:1 is more than adequate for any installation.
The aperture of this antenna is large enough so that you must elevate the antenna a
minimum of about 10 feet or 3.0 m above the ground. Point the antenna so that there are no
"reflectors" or obstructions for 100 feet directly in front of the beam. A better method would be
to point the antenna straight up toward the sky. Support the antenna on a wooden or metal
pole or tube and tie, or guy, the antenna boom with very light string or line. Now the driven
element will be at T-arm level and ground effects are removed. Most locations are pretty clear
straight overhead as well!
Install a short length of coax (1/2 wave is ideal... The antenna impedance will repeat
each half wave from the antenna regardless of coax imperfections) between the coax
connector and your bridge or wattmeter. If you utilize your 144 MHz transmitter as an RF
source, apply power - observe the reflected power. Turn off the power and adjust the T-Match
bars equally in small increments - 1/8" or 3 mm. is a good starting point. Apply power again
and observe results. If it got better, keep going. If it degraded, change the direction of yout T-
Match movement program and recheck your SWR. At some point, you will observe a null in
reflected power. When you have found it, mark the point on the driven element and tighten the
screws on the shorting bars.
Over the years, performance can degrade due to oxidation. It is a good idea to spray
your handiwork with a good grade of clear paint sealant. As a general rule, the slower drying
sprays tend to be more enduring. Rustoleum "Clear Seal" or Krylon clear spray are
recommended. A few light coats work better than one big one.
DO NOT, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, APPLY ANY TYPE OF SEALANT OR COATING TO THE DRIVEN
ELEMENT, T-ARMS OR CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY, OTHER THAN KRYLON® CLEAR COAT. ANY OTHER
COATING WILL ADVERSELY AFFECT THE SWR AND VOID YOUR WARRANTY.
This will complete the assembly of your DSEFO146-12. The construction of this
antenna will provide many years of consistent performance with no degradation of
performance due to corrosion and weathering.

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TABLE 1.
Lengths are +/- 2mm
Directive Systems Warranty Policy
All Directive Systems antennas are built with the finest materials available. We take great pride
in building a quality product that will give years of good service and performance. If there is a defect
in materials or workmanship within 90 days of purchase, Directive Systems will repair or replace
the defective part, free of charge, to the original purchaser. DO NOT RETURN ANYTHING
WITHOUT PRIOR AUTHORIZATION FROM DIRECTIVE SYSTEMS. Please contact us either by
phone or email describing the problem and we will work to resolve it.
If, after examining a new antenna you received, you are not satisfied, contact us immediately
for return authorization and refund. ANY ANTENNA THAT HAS BEEN MODIFIED WILL BE
SUBJECT TO A RESTOCKING CHARGE. IF AN ANTENNA IS SO MODIFIED AS TO MAKE IT
UNUSABLE, DIRECTIVE SYSTEMS RESERVES THE RIGHT TO REFUSE TO ACCEPT THE
ANTENNA FOR RETURN.