doble SFRA User manual

Sweep Frequency Response
Analyzer (SFRA)
User Guide
Doble Engineering Company
85 Walnut Street
Watertown, Massachusetts 02472-4037
(USA)
www.doble.com
72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011

LEGAL NOTICE
Warranty
Equipment Limited
Warranty Doble Engineering Company (Doble) warrants the products that it
manufactures to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period
of one year from the date shipped from the factory.
During the one-year warranty period, Doble will repair or replace, at its
option, any defective products or components thereof at no additional charge,
provided that the product or component is returned, shipping prepaid, to
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returned and assumes the risk of loss during shipment. All replaced products
and components become the property of Doble.
THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCTS
WHICH HAVE BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT,
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from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of
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Purchaser’s exclusive remedy shall be the replacement of any disks not
meeting Doble’s Software Limited Warranty which have been returned to
Doble within the warranty period.
This warranty gives the purchaser specific legal rights and the purchaser may
also have other rights which vary from state to state.

EXCEPT AS DETAILED ABOVE AND TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY
ANY APPLICABLE STATE AND FEDERAL LAWS: THIS SOFTWARE
PRODUCT IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
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TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE
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DEALER) ASSUMES ALL LIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE
SOFTWARE AND THE ENTIRE COST OF ALL NECESSARY
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are free from defects in materials and workmanship, Purchaser may terminate
this agreement. By returning the software product and all copies thereof in any
form and affirming compliance with this requirement in writing, Doble will
refund the purchase price.
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FEDERAL LAWS, DOBLE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL
WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN. IN NO EVENT WILL DOBLE BE
LIABLE TO PURCHASER FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
INABILITY TO USE ANY SOFTWARE OR PRODUCT, OR FOR ANY
TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OF COMMISSION OR
OMISSION, EVEN IF DOBLE OR AN AUTHORIZED DEALER HAS
BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR
ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY.
Maintenance For Equipment Maintenance, contact:
Customer Service Manager
Doble Engineering Company
85 Walnut Street
Watertown, MA02472 (USA)
Telephone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.doble.com

Government
RestrictedRights
Legend
Use, Duplication, or Disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to
restrictions as set forth in subparagraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of the Commercial
Computer Software - Restricted Rights Clause at FAR 52.227-19.
Intellectual
Property Notice This Manual is solely the property of the Doble Engineering Company
(Doble) and is provided for the exclusive use of Doble clients under
contractual agreement for Doble test equipment and services.
This Manual is protected by copyright, all rights reserved. No part of this book
shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means,
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permission from the Doble Engineering Company.
Doble and the Doble logo are trademarks of Doble Engineering Company.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows XP, Vista, and Windows 7 are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other
countries.
Copyright ©1999-2011
By Doble Engineering Company
All Rights Reserved

72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 v
Contents
List of Figures .............................................................................................ix
List of Tables .............................................................................................xiii
Preface .......................................................................................................xv
1. Introduction ..........................................................................................1-1
M5200, M5300, and M5400 SFRA Instruments..........................................................................1-1
Hardware Accessories ..................................................................................................................1-3
Software........................................................................................................................................1-4
PC Requirements..........................................................................................................................1-4
2. Safety ...................................................................................................2-1
Overview ......................................................................................................................................2-1
General Rules ...............................................................................................................................2-1
Grounding Requirements..............................................................................................................2-2
Personnel Safety Practices............................................................................................................2-3
3. Setting Up and Running a Test ............................................................3-1
Measurement Types......................................................................................................................3-1
Open Circuit...........................................................................................................................3-1
Short Circuit...........................................................................................................................3-1
Step 1: Set Up and Run a Shorted-lead Test ................................................................................3-2
Connect the Cable and Leads and Run SFRA 5.2..................................................................3-2
Create a Transformer Listing and Associate a Test Template with It....................................3-4
Run the Shorted-lead Test......................................................................................................3-8
Step 2: Ground the Transformer.................................................................................................3-12
Step 3: Prepare the Transformer for Testing..............................................................................3-14

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
vi 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Step 4: Select and Run a Test.....................................................................................................3-15
Requirements for This Test..................................................................................................3-15
Associate the Transformer with a Test Template.................................................................3-15
SFRA Test Procedure...........................................................................................................3-18
Self-Test Error and Warning Messages................................................................................3-22
Troubleshooting Test Results...............................................................................................3-24
Monitoring Waveforms..................................................................................................3-24
Diagnosing Open-Circuit Response...............................................................................3-25
Sample Test Results....................................................................................................................3-25
Three Responses for One Transformer.................................................................................3-25
HV Wye (Star) Response .....................................................................................................3-27
Short-Circuit Test Response.................................................................................................3-27
Repeat Results for One Phase at Different Times................................................................3-29
Results Showing a Shorted Turn..........................................................................................3-29
Confirming the Ethernet Connection....................................................................................3-30
4. Managing Tests and Templates ...........................................................4-1
Introduction...................................................................................................................................4-1
Opening the Template Editor........................................................................................................4-1
Creating a New Test Template .....................................................................................................4-2
Editing or Deleting a Template.....................................................................................................4-3
Adding, Editing, or Deleting Tests in a Template........................................................................4-3
Creating a New Test Setting...................................................................................................4-4
Editing or Deleting a Test Setting..........................................................................................4-4
5. Managing Data and Generating Reports ..............................................5-1
Managing Location Information...................................................................................................5-1
Adding or Deleting SFRA Instrument Information......................................................................5-3
Adding or Deleting Organization Information .............................................................................5-4
Managing Transformer Information.............................................................................................5-5
Entering a Transformer into the SFRA Database...................................................................5-5
Editing or Deleting Transformer Data....................................................................................5-6
Cloning a Transformer ...........................................................................................................5-6
Importing and Exporting Transformer Files...........................................................................5-7
Managing Tap Changer Data........................................................................................................5-7

Contents
72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 vii
Managing Results Data................................................................................................................. 5-8
Default Data Locations ..........................................................................................................5-8
Selecting a Data Source .........................................................................................................5-9
Export Selected Results to .CSV Files.................................................................................5-10
Import Location and Transformer from Results Files.......................................................... 5-11
Saving and Deleting Traces ................................................................................................. 5-11
Importing 1.x and 2.x M5100 SFRA Files........................................................................... 5-12
Transferring Data between Machines or PCs.......................................................................5-12
Settings Files........................................................................................................................ 5-12
Merging Settings Files .........................................................................................................5-14
Reports ................................................................................................................................. 5-16
A. Software Overview ...............................................................................A-1
Installing SFRA 5.2..................................................................................................................... A-1
Manually Install the USB Driver.................................................................................................A-5
Where to Find the Driver ...................................................................................................... A-5
Remove Previously Installed USB Drivers........................................................................... A-5
Install the Driver ................................................................................................................... A-5
SFRA 5.2 Software Overview..................................................................................................... A-6
File Menu .............................................................................................................................. A-6
Edit Menu.............................................................................................................................. A-6
Test Init Menu....................................................................................................................... A-7
Graph Menu .......................................................................................................................... A-7
Help....................................................................................................................................... A-9
Apparatus/Test and Legend Panes............................................................................................. A-10
Apparatus and Test Pane..................................................................................................... A-10
Legend Pane........................................................................................................................ A-10

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
viii 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Tab Divisions in SFRA..............................................................................................................A-11
Data Manager Tab...............................................................................................................A-11
Magnitude Tab.....................................................................................................................A-12
Phase Tab.............................................................................................................................A-13
Impedance Tab ....................................................................................................................A-14
Sub-Band Tab......................................................................................................................A-15
Waveform Tab.....................................................................................................................A-16
Analysis Tab........................................................................................................................A-17
Tabulation Tab.....................................................................................................................A-18
Apparatus Tab .....................................................................................................................A-19
B. Test Templates ....................................................................................B-1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. B-1
Notes About the Test Templates..................................................................................................B-1
Two-Winding Transformers........................................................................................................B-2
Autotransformers......................................................................................................................... B-3
Three-Winding Transformers......................................................................................................B-4
C. Theory of Operation.............................................................................C-1
Transformer Damage and SFRA Testing .................................................................................... C-1
How SFRA Identifies Damage to Transformers ......................................................................... C-2
Test Cable Lengths ...................................................................................................................... C-4
Transformer ................................................................................................................................. C-5
D. Repairs and Replacement Parts..........................................................D-1
Replacing a Fuse..........................................................................................................................D-1
Repairs.........................................................................................................................................D-3
Replacement Parts .......................................................................................................................D-3
M5200 and M5400................................................................................................................D-3
M5300....................................................................................................................................D-5
E. M5200/M5300/M5400 Technical Specifications...................................E-1
Instrument Specifications .............................................................................................................E-1
Lead Specifications.......................................................................................................................E-3
PC Requirements ..........................................................................................................................E-4

72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 ix
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 M5200, M5300, and M5400 Instruments ............................................................. 1-2
Figure 2.1 Connecting Safety Ground to Transformer........................................................... 2-2
Figure 3.1 Cable and Lead Connections to the SFRA Instrument......................................... 3-2
Figure 3.2 Connect to Instrument Message............................................................................ 3-3
Figure 3.3 Select Instrument Window.................................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3.4 Data Manager Tab on Main Window ................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3.5 Edit Apparatus Option on Edit Menu ................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3.6 Test Equipment Editor.......................................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3.7 Transformer Tab of Transformer Editor Window ............................................... 3-6
Figure 3.8 New Serial Number Listing .................................................................................. 3-6
Figure 3.9 Test Templates Tab of Transformer Editor Window............................................ 3-7
Figure 3.10 Template Editor Window...................................................................................... 3-7
Figure 3.11 Apparatus Selection Window................................................................................ 3-8
Figure 3.12 Location of Start Test Button................................................................................ 3-8
Figure 3.13 Test Details Window............................................................................................. 3-9
Figure 3.14 Cable Connections for Shorted-lead Test ............................................................. 3-9
Figure 3.15 Shorted-lead Test in Progress ............................................................................. 3-10
Figure 3.16 Correct Shorted-lead Response........................................................................... 3-11
Figure 3.17 Open-Circuit Lead Response.............................................................................. 3-11
Figure 3.18 De-energized and Disconnected Transformer.................................................... 3-12
Figure 3.19 Grounded Transformer........................................................................................ 3-12
Figure 3.20 Removed Isophase or GIS Link.......................................................................... 3-13
Figure 3.21 Added Temporary Static-Discharge Grounds..................................................... 3-13
Figure 3.22 Connected SFRA Leads...................................................................................... 3-13
Figure 3.23 Removed Temporary Static-Discharge Grounds................................................ 3-14
Figure 3.24 Edit Apparatus Option on Edit Menu ................................................................. 3-15
Figure 3.25 Test Equipment Editor........................................................................................ 3-16
Figure 3.26 Transformer Tab of Transformer Editor Window ............................................. 3-16
Figure 3.27 Test Templates Tab of Transformer Editor Window.......................................... 3-17
Figure 3.28 Template Editor Window.................................................................................... 3-17
Figure 3.29 Apparatus Selection Window.............................................................................. 3-18
Figure 3.30 Location of Select Test Button............................................................................ 3-19

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
x 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Figure 3.31 Test Selection Window ....................................................................................... 3-19
Figure 3.32 Location of Start Test Button.............................................................................. 3-20
Figure 3.33 Test Details Window........................................................................................... 3-20
Figure 3.34 Nonstandard Test Warning ................................................................................. 3-21
Figure 3.35 Test Details Dialog Box with Advanced Test Protocol ...................................... 3-21
Figure 3.36 Alert 952.............................................................................................................. 3-22
Figure 3.37 Error 953 ............................................................................................................. 3-23
Figure 3.38 Test in Progress................................................................................................... 3-24
Figure 3.39 Typical Open-Circuit Trace ................................................................................ 3-25
Figure 3.40 Responses for One Phase of a Transformer HV Delta Trace.............................. 3-26
Figure 3.41 HV Delta Winding Traces................................................................................... 3-26
Figure 3.42 HV Wye Winding Trace ..................................................................................... 3-27
Figure 3.43 Short-Circuit Test Trace...................................................................................... 3-28
Figure 3.44 Short Circuit Trace – Detail................................................................................ 3-28
Figure 3.45 Repeat Results for One Phase ............................................................................. 3-29
Figure 3.46 Shorted Turn on One Winding............................................................................ 3-30
Figure 3.47 Start Menu........................................................................................................... 3-30
Figure 3.48 Command Window Displaying IP Address........................................................ 3-31
Figure 4.1 Template Editor..................................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4.2 Test Setting Editor................................................................................................. 4-3
Figure 5.1 Test Equipment Editor .......................................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5.2 Entering a New Location ...................................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5.3 Entering a New Serial Number ............................................................................. 5-3
Figure 5.4 Entering a New Organization................................................................................ 5-4
Figure 5.5 Transformer Tab of Transformer Editor Window ................................................ 5-5
Figure 5.6 Edit Serial Number Dialog Box............................................................................ 5-6
Figure 5.7 LTC/DETC Tab of Transformer Editor Window ................................................. 5-8
Figure 5.8 Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer Settings Dialog Box................................. 5-9
Figure 5.9 Browse for Folder Dialog Box.............................................................................. 5-9
Figure 5.10 Files Converted Dialog Box................................................................................ 5-11
Figure 5.11 Simplified XML Transformer Settings File........................................................ 5-13
Figure 5.12 Transformer Settings File — User A .................................................................. 5-14
Figure 5.13 Transformer Settings File — User B .................................................................. 5-15
Figure 5.14 TransformerNameplate Section of User B’s Settings File.................................. 5-16
Figure 5.15 Report Designer Window.................................................................................... 5-17
Figure A.1 Welcome Window of Setup Wizard .................................................................... A-2
Figure A.2 Select Installation Folder Window....................................................................... A-2
Figure A.3 Confirm Installation Window .............................................................................. A-3

List of Figures
72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 xi
Figure A.4 Progress Bar in Installation Window................................................................... A-3
Figure A.5 Identifying an M5300 .......................................................................................... A-4
Figure A.6 Select Default Template Window........................................................................ A-4
Figure A.7 Plot Property Dialog Box................................................................................... A-10
Figure A.8 Data Manager Tab.............................................................................................. A-11
Figure A.9 Magnitude Tab................................................................................................... A-12
Figure A.10 Status Bar........................................................................................................... A-12
Figure A.11 Phase Tab........................................................................................................... A-13
Figure A.12 Status Bar........................................................................................................... A-13
Figure A.13 Impedance Tab................................................................................................... A-14
Figure A.14 Status Bar........................................................................................................... A-14
Figure A.15 Sub-Band Tab .................................................................................................... A-15
Figure A.16 Waveform Tab................................................................................................... A-16
Figure A.17 Analysis Tab ...................................................................................................... A-17
Figure A.18 Tabulation Tab................................................................................................... A-18
Figure A.19 Apparatus Tab.................................................................................................... A-19
Figure D.1 Location of Fuses on M5400 ............................................................................... D-1
Figure D.2 Blade in Top of Fuse Cover................................................................................. D-2
Figure D.3 Open Fuse Cover with Fuses in Place.................................................................. D-2

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
xii 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011

72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 xiii
List of Tables
Table 1.1 M5200, M5300, and M5400 Instruments .............................................................1-2
Table 1.2 Accessories for the SFRA Instruments .................................................................1-3
Table A.1 File Menu Options ................................................................................................ A-6
Table A.2 Edit Menu Options ................................................................................................A-6
Table A.3 Test Init Menu Options .........................................................................................A-7
Table A.4 Graph Menu Options ............................................................................................ A-7
Table A.5 Help Menu Options ..............................................................................................A-9
Table B.1 Two-Winding Transformers — 9 Tests ................................................................ B-2
Table B.2 Autotransformer without Tertiary or with Buried Tertiary — 9 Tests ................. B-3
Table B.3 Autotransformer With Tertiary — 18 Tests ......................................................... B-3
Table B.4 Three-Winding Transformer Table – 18 Tests (Part 1) ........................................ B-4
Table B.5 Three-Winding Transformer Table – 18 Tests (Part 2) ........................................ B-5
Table D.1 M5200 and M5400 Cable and Adapter Parts List ................................................D-3
Table D.2 M5200 and M5400 Additional Components ........................................................D-4
Table D.3 M5300 Cable and Adapter Shipping/Replacement List ....................................... D-5
Table D.4 M5300 Additional Components ........................................................................... D-5
Table E.1 Instrument Specifications ......................................................................................E-1
Table E.2 Test Lead Specifications ........................................................................................E-3
Table E.3 PC Requirements ...................................................................................................E-4

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
xiv 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011

72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 xv
Preface
The Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer User Guide explains how to install,
configure, and operate Doble’s M5200, M5300, and M5400 Sweep Frequency
Response Analyzer instruments.
Who Should Read This Guide
This guide is intended for engineers and field testers who work with an
M5200, M5300, or M5400 Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer. It is
assumed that the reader is familiar with professional standards and safety
practices.
Document Conventions
Typefaces
This document uses special typefaces to indicate particular kinds of
information:
• Bold Arial type identifies software controls and text you must enter:
Example: Type in 1500 ms.
• Monospaced type identifies text that is displayed in the user interface,
such as an error message or prompt:
Uploading test results.
Notes and Warnings
This document uses icons to draw your attention to information of special
importance, as follows.
Notes
NOTE! Notes provide supplemental information that may apply to only
some circumstances.

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
xvi 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Cautions
Warnings
CAUTION! Cautions provide information that prevents damage to
hardware or data.
WARNING! Warnings tell you how to prevent injury or death to anyone
near the test set or high-voltage equipment.

72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 1-1
1. Introduction
This chapter describes the SFRA instrument hardware and software and
introduces SFRA testing. It contains the following sections:
•“M5200, M5300, and M5400 SFRA Instruments” on page 1-1
•“Hardware Accessories” on page 1-3
•“Software” on page 1-4
•“PC Requirements” on page 1-4
M5200, M5300, and M5400 SFRA Instruments
Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) testing is a nonintrusive way to
identify mechanical changes inside a transformer. Changes in the internal
configuration produce different frequency responses that indicate a range of
failure modes. Performed in the field, without teardown or draining of oil,
SFRA testing provides accurate and repeatable measurements.
The M5200, M5300, and M5400 Sweep Frequency Response Analyzers
measure and record the frequency-response characteristics of transformer
windings. Each unit consists of a robust molded shell housing a field
controller and instrumentation module, an excitation source, and a
measurement module. Table 1.1 describes the three SFRA instruments.

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
1-2 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Figure 1.1 M5200, M5300, and M5400 Instruments
Table 1.1 M5200, M5300, and M5400 Instruments
Name Description Image
M5200 Requires an external
laptop. Testing functions
are identical to those of
the M5300 and M5400.
M5300 Has a built-in laptop,
keyboard, and display.
Testing functions are
identical to those of the
M5200 and M5400.
M5400 A compact version of the
M5200 that requires an
external laptop. Testing
functions are identical to
those of the M5200 and
M5300.

1. Introduction
72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011 1-3
Hardware Accessories
Table 1.2 describes the standard hardware accessories that come with the
M520, M5300, and M5400. It also lists an optional test lead.
Table 1.2 Accessories for the SFRA Instruments
Item Description Part No.
Test Leads
Standard lead Length: 18 m/60 ft
Ground: 3.6 m/12 ft
Application: 362 kV
05B-0659-04
Optional lead Length: 30 m/100 ft
Ground: 5.4 m/18 ft
Application: > 362 kV
05B-0659-07
Grounds
Safety ground Length: 9 m/30 ft 02C-0019-01
Ground lead 1.5 m/5 ft 02B-0026-02

Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer (SFRA) User Guide
1-4 72A-2570-01 Rev. K 07/2011
Software
The M5200 and M5400 are controlled by a user-supplied laptop computer
running Doble SFRA software (supplied with the instrument). The M5300
comes with a built-in PC, laptop keyboard, and preinstalled Doble SFRA
software.
PC Requirements
To see the minimum requirements for the PC used with the M5200 or M5400,
please go to “PC Requirements” on page E-4.
Communication Cables
USB
No picture available.
Has a square and an
oblong connector. 181-0585
Ethernet crossover
No picture available.
Has two Ethernet
connectors. Required
for SFRA. SFRA does
not work with a
standard network
cable without a
crossover adapter.
181-0646
Other Hardware
Clamps Two plain copper
clamps. These clamps
connect to larger
bushing studs or
terminals that the
normal connectors do
not fit. The standard
test cables then clip to
these large clamps.
212-0444
Table 1.2 Accessories for the SFRA Instruments
Item Description Part No.