EarthX ETZ5G User manual

ETXLithium
BatteryUser’s
Manual
Copyright© 2017 EarthX, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained in this document is the property of EarthX, Inc.
EarthX reserves the right to make changes to its documents or products without notice. It is the responsibility of each user to
ensure that all applications of EarthX’s products are as intended and safe based on conditions anticipated or encountered during
use. The EarthX logo is a trademark of EarthX, Inc
111017_T

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
Table of Contents
Overview........................................................................................... 1
Technology Inside.............................................................................1
Battery Cells....................................................................................1
ETZ - BMS ......................................................................................2
ETX - BMS......................................................................................2
ETX Hundred Series - BMS ............................................................2
Specifications....................................................................................5
Discharge Versus Temperature....................................................... 14
Self-discharge Rates....................................................................... 15
Discharge Curves............................................................................ 15
Installation....................................................................................... 18
Battery Installation.........................................................................18
Fault Monitoring Installation (ETX Hundred Series) ......................19
Vent Tubing Installation (ETX900-VNT)........................................22
Charging ......................................................................................... 23
Storage ........................................................................................... 25
Warranty ......................................................................................... 26
Troubleshooting .............................................................................. 26
Regulations..................................................................................... 27
Terminology .................................................................................... 27
I C O N K E Y
Valuable information
Caution

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
1
Overview
EarthX Lithium batteries are designed as a maintenance free replacement for the 12 volt
lead-acid or lithium batteries. To ensure a smooth replacement process, our batteries are
similar in dimensions to many OEM motorsport or power sport batteries. Our 12V
replacement lithium battery consists of 4 Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) cells in series
and one or more in parallel with built in electronics to protect the lithium cells.
Our lithium cells together with our Battery Management System (BMS) create the safest
lithium battery on the market, with more starting power, and longer life.
The common features of our Lithium Batteries;
•Flexible battery connection –with center mounted terminals and terminal adapters,
the same batteries can be used in either left or right side polarity applications.
•Longer Storage Life –there is no need to float charge in the off season
•Environmentally Friendly –no hazardous chemicals and it can be recycled
•Fast Charge –can be fully charged in less than an hour (if charged at the maximum
recommended charge rate)
•Maintenance Free!
•No Special mounting direction (could even be mounted up-side-down)
•Will Not Freeze or Boil Over –Lithium batteries are dry cell technology and will not
freeze or boil ever
Failure to follow all application use, installation, charging, and storage instructions may result
in battery damage and or fire!
Technology Inside
Battery Cells
Our batteries use cells made of Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4). This chemistry is one of
the highest performance and safest on the market today.
Lithium batteries are fundamentally different than lead-acid batteries. A lithium battery
voltage remains relatively constant while discharging, while voltage for a lead-acid battery
decreases. A lithium battery’s storage capability is nearly 100% usable (measured as Amp-
Hour, Ah); while a lead-acid battery designed for motorsports typically only has 30% useful
storage. As such, 2Ah lithium battery has the equivalent “useable” capacity to a 6Ah lead-
acid. Also, a lithium battery’s cranking power is stronger, for the voltage while cranking is
generally higher. But when the lithium battery runs out of power it does so more abruptly.
LiFePO4cells by the nature of their chemistry are 3.3 volt. 12V lithium batteries are created
by using 4 cells in series (technically it is a 13.2 volt battery, but nominally full charge voltage

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
2
is >13.3V). Lead-acid batteries are made with 6 cells in series. Another difference is that
lithium cells are a dry cell technology, where the cells are packaged individually. As such, the
individual cell’s charge level will diverge with repeated charge/discharge cycles and age. This
condition reduces the performance of the battery (reduces capacity), for the battery charge
level is only as good as the charge level of the weakest cell. Moreover, charging a battery
with unbalanced cells results in one or more cells reaching the maximum charge (voltage)
level before the rest of the cells in the series, which leads to over-charging of the cell(s) and
eventual failure.
ETZ - BMS
All EarthX integrated BMSs continuously monitor each cell’s voltage as part of the cell
balancing and over-charge protection. If the voltage of a cell exceeds the others, the BMS
circuits will work to reduce that cell’s charge level. This ensures that the charge level of all
the cells remains equal, even with the high discharge (> 100Amps) and charge current
(>10Amps) of your vehicle.
A cell can be permanently damaged if over-charged (over-voltage) just one time. The BMS
has circuitry to disconnect the battery from the charging system (plug-in charger or your
vehicle) if the voltage exceeds 15.5 volts (an over-charge condition). The ETX Hundred
Series batteries have enhanced over-charge protection; see the ETX - Hundred Series section
below for more details.
The ETZ BMS has short circuit protection, but it is not resettable or repairable.
ETX - BMS
The ETX series BMS has all the features of the ETZ series, plus over-discharged protection
(completely draining the battery), excessive cranking protection, and short-circuit protection.
The BMS disconnects the battery from the load if it is drained to less than 5% remaining
charge (an over-discharge condition). An over-discharged battery typically has a voltage less
than 11.5V. If the BMS disconnects the battery, the voltage reading of the battery will be
zero volts. Excessive cranking protection logic includes temperature monitoring to limit
“high current use” (engine cranking) to 10 -30 seconds in any 60 second period. If the
battery terminals are “shorted” (or a low impedance load is connected across terminals),
which causes the battery volts to instantaneously drop to a very low level, the battery will
disconnect from the load to protect the cells and BMS from damage (short circuit
protection). If the BMS disconnects due to excessive cranking protection or short circuit
protection, the BMS will automatically reconnect after a cooldown period (typically 1-3
minutes). The ETX series is designed for short circuit protection > 1000 Amps.
ETX Hundred Series - BMS
The ETX “Hundred Series” was specifically designed for the experimental aircraft market
(models include the ETX680C, ETX680, ETX900, ETX900-VNT, ETX1200). Only the
ETX “Hundred Series” battery models are recommended for use as the primary aircraft
battery (starter battery). In addition to the features found in the ETZ and ETX series
motorsports batteries, critical electronic circuits are redundant, the over-charge protection is

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
3
enhanced, and fault indication is included. All components associated with main electronic
battery disconnect are redundant. The built-in redundancy ensures that no single point
failure results in the battery unintentionally disconnecting. The design aligns with the
requirements for a FAA approved lithium battery as per RTCA performance specification
DO-347 and DO-160. Our ETX900-VNT includes a thermal run-away containment
system making it fully compliant to DO-347 specification.
In the event of a charging system failure where the voltage increases to above 15.5V, the
resistance to charging current increases, and above 16V the charging current is completely
blocked. The time delay for this feature is 1 second to allow the aircraft alternator’s over
voltage protection (crowbar circuit) to activate first. This design offers charge voltage
protection greater than 40V. The discharge current (current out of battery) is unaffected in
this situation. EarthX requires having automatic over-voltage protection (crowbar) for
alternator type charging systems (not required for <20 Amp pad mount standby alternators).
The battery’s micro-controller monitors all failure modes, and reports failures with a built-in
LED indicator and discrete output. The discrete output for external fault monitoring is a
single wire connection with a ¼” quick connect terminal. The output is a “current sinking”
type circuit (see diagram below) that can handle 100mA (connects the discrete output to
battery ground if a fault is present). This output can be connected to an external 12V LED
or general purpose discrete input of an EFIS. The fault output has two states; slow flashing
(5 second on/ 5 second off) or solid.
The slow flashing fault can indicate an improper state of charge or a problem with the cells
internal to the battery. If the battery voltage is outside the normal range of operation, 12.8V
to 14.6V, the battery is over-discharged or over-charged, most likely the result of an issue
with the electrical/charging system. If the battery voltage is within the normal operating
range, with a slow flashing fault, it is indicating an abnormal condition with a cell, such as
one cell’s state of charge is very different as compared to the other cells (high cell charge
level imbalance). The slow flashing fault may come on briefly during or following periods
of high current charging, and is not a concern. But if the fault persist, comes on
consistently during changing, or remains (charging or not), the battery will need to be
replaced.
The solid fault indicates a BMS hardware failure. For example, if the micro-controller fails
the fault indication output is activated (on solid). If the fault persist, comes on and stays on,
the battery will need to be replaced.

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4
The table below shows the most common fault conditions and possible causes.
LED Light
Voltage
Possible Cause
Recommended Action
Slow Flashing
(5s on/5s off)
Less than
12.8V
Battery over-discharged
(due to faulty charging
system)
Charge battery. Once charged, the
light will stop flashing.
Slow Flashing
(5s on/5s off)
Less than
13.2V
Weak or failing cell
Charge battery. If voltage drops
below 13.2V within a few days,
discontinue use.
Slow Flashing
(5s on/5s off)
(> 1 hour time
period)
13.2V-14.6V
Weak or failing cell
Discontinue use. If in flight, this is
not an immediate issue unless it is
in conjunction with a charging
system failure.
Slow Flashing
(5s on/5s off)
Greater than
15.2V
Over-charging (due to
faulty charging system)
If in flight, shutoff charging system
immediately. Aircraft over-voltage
protection is required if alternator
charging system is greater than 20
amps (i.e. over voltage crowbar
circuit)
Slow Flashing
(5s on/5s off)
(< 30 min. time
period)
13.2V –14.6V
Cell to cell charge levels
are not balanced
May come on briefly during
periods of high current charging
until the cells are automatically
balanced. Try charging with a
plugin charger, like an Optimate
Lithium charger.
Solid Light
Any voltage
BMS electronic issue
Discontinue use. If in flight, this is
not an immediate issue unless it is
in conjunction with a charging
system failure.
Solid Light that
turns off after
3 minutes
Any voltage
Short Circuit protection
was activated
Nothing needs to be done.
Short Flashing
(2s on/2s off)
Any voltage
High battery temperature
(> 65°C / 150°F)
Let battery cool down prior to
cranking or charging.

A sustained fault can indicate a serious issue with the battery or vehicle charging system that requires
immediate attention. Discontinue use until the issue is resolved and the battery no longer indicates
a fault. Continued use of a faulty battery can result in a cell rupture, the release of flammable vapors,
smoke and or a fire.

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5
Specifications
Model: ETZ5G
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (lead-acid equivalent)
10
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
3.4 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
240A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
140A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
30A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 5A
Max Charge Amps
15A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
1.17 lb. (.53Kg)
Dimensions
3.54in x 1.96in x 3.54in
(90mmX50mmX90mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETZ14C
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (lead-acid equivalent)
20
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
6.8 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
690A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
330A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
60A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 10A
Max Charge Amps
30A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
2.5 lb. (1.1Kg)

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
6
Dimensions
5.9in x 3.4in x 4.5in
(150mmX86mmX115mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX12A, ETX12B (ETX12B discontinued as of 4-2016, use ETX12A as
replacement)
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (Lead-acid equivalent)
12
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
4 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
220A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
135A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
40A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 5A
Max Charge Amps
20A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
1.3 lb. (.6Kg)
Dimensions
ETX12A 4.5in x 2.6in x 3.7in
(113mmX66mmX95mm)
ETX12B 5.3in x 2.6in x 4.1in
(135mmX66mmX105mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX18B, ETX18C, ETX18F
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (Lead-acid equivalent)
18
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
6.2 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
340A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
230A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
60A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V

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7
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 8A
Max Charge Amps
30A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
2.2 lb.(1Kg)
Dimensions
ETX18B 5.3in x 2.6in x 4.1in
(135mmX66mmX105mm)
ETX18C 5.9in x 3.4in x 4.5in
(150mmX86mmX115mm)
ETX18F 5.9in x 3.4in x 3.6in
(150mmX86mmX93mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX24C, ETX24D (ETX24D discontinued as of 11-1-2017 use ETX24C as
replacement or upgrade to ETX36D)
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (Lead-acid equivalent)
24
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
8 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
420A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
270A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
80A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 10A
Max Charge Amps
40A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
2.6 lb. (1.2Kg)
Dimensions
ETX24C 5.9in x 3.4in x 4.5in
(150mmX86mmX115mm)
ETX24D 6.9in x 3.4in x 6.1in (175mm
X86mm X155mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
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Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX36C, D &E
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (Lead-acid equivalent)
36
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
12.4 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
680A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
320A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
100A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
.8 - 15A
Max Charge Amps
60A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
3.9 lb. (1.8Kg)
Dimensions
ETX36C5.9in x 3.4in x 4.5in
(150mmX86mmX115mm)
ETX36D 6.9in x 3.4in x 6.1in (175mm
X86mm X155mm)
ETX36E 6.5in x 3.1in x 6.6in (166mm
X79mm X168mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX48E (discontinued as of 3-1-2017-use ETX1200 as replacement)
Voltage
13.2 V
Ah (Lead-acid equivalent)
48
Ah (1 hour discharge rate)
24.8 (1C rate)
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
1200A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
600A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
150A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
5 - 30A
Max Charge Amps
150A (from vehicle charging system)

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9
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
7.7 lb. (3.5Kg)
Dimensions
6.6in x 3.4in x 6.9in
(166mm X86mm X175mm)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Model: ETX680/ETX680C
Voltage
13.2 V
Capacity
12.4Ah @ 1C rate (See below)
Capacity vs Temperature
25 °C = 100%
0°C = 94%
-30°C = 88%
Self-Discharge Rate
<3%/month @ 25°C
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
680A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
320A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
100A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
5 - 15A
Max Charge Amps
60A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
4.1 lb. (1.9Kg)/3.9 lb. (1.8Kg)
Dimensions
ETX680 6.5in (L) x 3.1in (W) x 6.6in
(H)
166mm(L)x79mm(W)x168mm(H)
ETX680C 5.9in (L) x 3.4in (W) x 4.5in
(H)
150mm(L)x86mm(W)x115mm(H)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C

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10
Maximum Altitude
55,000 Ft
ETX680/680C Discharge Capacity
ETX680/680C Discharge Time
10.5
11.5
12.5
13.5
14.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Volts
Amp-hours (Ah)
6.2A (.5C)
12.4A (1C)
18.6A (1.5C)
10
11
12
13
14
15
010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Volts
Time (Minutes)
6.2A (.5C)
12.4A (1C)
18.6A (1.5C)

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Model: ETX900 / ETX900-VNT
Voltage
13.2 V
Capacity
15.6Ah @ 1C rate (See below)
Capacity vs Temperature
25 °C = 100%
0°C = 94%
-30°C = 88%
Self-Discharge Rate
<3%/month @ 25°C
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
840A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
400A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
150A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
5 - 20A
Max Charge Amps
80A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight (ETX900) / (ETX900-VNT)
4.9 lb. (2.2Kg) / (VNT model is 5.4lb)
Dimensions
6.5in (L) x 3.1in (W) x 6.6in (H)
166mm(L)x79mm(W)x168mm(H)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Maximum Altitude
55,000 Ft

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
12
ETX900 Discharge Capacity
ETX900 Discharge Time
Model: ETX1200
Voltage
13.2 V
Nominal Voltage
12.8 V
Capacity
24.8Ah @ 1C rate (See below)
Capacity vs Temperature
25 °C = 100%
0°C = 94%
-30°C = 88%
Self-Discharge Rate
<3%/month @ 25°C
10
11
12
13
14
15
010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Volts
Time (Minutes)
6.2A (.39C) 12.4A (.77C) 18.6A (1.16C)

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
13
Pulse Crank Amps (PCA)
1200A (3 sec @ 20 °C, voltage >7.2V)
Cold Crank Amps (CCA)
600A (modified SAE test, 3 sec@ 0°F,
voltage >7.2V)
Max Continuous Discharge Amps
150A
Standard Charge Voltage
13.9 - 14.6 V
Recommended Charger/Maintainer
Amps
5 - 30A
Max Charge Amps
120A (from vehicle charging system)
Life (Charge cycles)
4000 cycles @ 1C discharge rate, 25°C
(20% depth of discharge)
2000 cycles @10C discharge rate, 25°C
(80% depth of discharge)
Life (Years)
8 Years
Weight
6.9 lb. (3.15Kg)
Dimensions
6.5in (L) x 3.1in (W) x 6.6in (H)
166mm(L)x79mm(W)x168mm(H)
Environmental Rating (resistance to
water intrusion)
IP 66 (wash down with a high-pressure
washer)
Operating Temperature
-30 °C to +60 °C
Storage Temperature
-40 °C to +70 °C
Maximum Altitude
55,000 Ft
ETX1200 Discharge Capacity
10.5
11.5
12.5
13.5
14.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
Volts
Amp-hours (Ah)
6.2A (.25C)
12.4A (.5C)
18.6A (.75C)

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
14
ETX1200 Discharge Time
Discharge Versus Temperature
We use a similar Cold Cranking Amp test standard as the lead acid battery manufacturers
(SAE test performed at 0°F, but 3 second discharge time vs 30 second). As such, our
battery with a similar CCA rating as a lead acid battery should provide the same cranking
performance at 0°F. But, below 0°F an equivalent lead acid battery will outperform a
lithium battery (see the graph below).
10
11
12
13
14
15
020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
Volts
Time (Minutes)
6.2A (.25C) 12.4A (.5C) 18.6A (.75C)
0
20
40
60
80
100
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
% of Peak Cranking Amps
Temp Deg C
Cranking Amps vs Temp
Lithium
Lead Acid

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
15
Self-discharge Rates
The self-discharge rate is dependent on temperature. At high temperatures (>25°C), the
cell internal resistance decreases so the self-discharge rate increases. See the graph below
for self-discharge rates (in % per month) versus temperature.
Discharge Curves
Voltage is not a good indication of the state-of-charge in lithium batteries. The first
graph below shows the state-of-charge versus voltage at a 1C discharge rate for the
ETX12 (representative of the ETX series batteries). Typically, lithium batteries require
advanced methods like current counting to track the charge level. As seen from the
graph, the voltage only varies .4V for nearly 80% of the discharge cycle at 25 deg C.
13.4V is a good indication of full charge, while 12.8V is an indication of full discharge at
25 deg C.
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Temperature Deg C
Discharge Rate (%/Month)
Self Discharge Rate vs Temp

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
16
The graph below illustrate that usable Ah is nearly the same regardless of the discharge
rate, with the voltage remaining above 11.5V for most of the discharge cycle.
Like lead acid batteries, lithium batteries’ discharge performance is lower as the
temperature decreases, meaning the voltages and the Ah are lower. The graph below
shows the ETX12 discharge curves at a 1C rate over a wide operating temperature range.
Note: there can be as much as a 15% decrease in Ah and discharge voltage at -30deg C as
compared to 25 deg C. All the EarthX ETX series batteries exhibit similar discharge
curve profiles.
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
V
mAh
ETX12A Discharge Curve (1C Rate)
25 Deg C
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
V
mAh
ETX12 Discharge Curve (4Ah, 25DegC)
1C
2C
10C

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
17
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
V
mAh
ETX12A Discharge Curve (1C Rate)
-10 Deg C
-30 Deg C
25 Deg C

E T X S E R I E S L I T H I U M B A T T E R I E S
18
Installation
Battery Installation
Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries are very robust, but if mishandled or misused they can
rupture and they can burn. Never disassemble the battery or disable the built-in Battery
Management System (BMS). Never jump start a battery from a car battery. Never expose
the battery to fire or temperatures above 200° F or 100° C. Never short-circuit the positive
and negative terminals of the battery. Follow these steps to properly and safely install your
new ETX Lithium battery.
1. Remove the old battery, while paying attention to the routing and placement of
wires, cables and protective covers.
2. Check the battery cables and connectors for corrosion or damage. Pay special
attention to the positive battery cable (red cable), checking for cuts or wear marks in
the insulation. Clean and or replace the battery cables as required.
3. (Skip this step if you don’t have front mounted terminals or
5mm screws) If your vehicle’s battery cables connect to the
front of the battery, or uses 5mm screws, then you will need
to use our battery terminal adapter. Connect the terminal
adapter to the battery now. Make sure the Phillips screws
are securely fastened (30-35in-lbs), but do not over-tighten.
4. Measure the length, width and height of the original battery.
In some cases, the ETX Lithium battery will be smaller than
the original. Use the included foam spacers to make the
new battery the same or slightly bigger than the original. In some cases, multiple
adhesive backed foam spacers will have to be stacked together. For our larger
batteries, like the ETX18C or ETX24C use two stacks of foam on each end of the
bottom of the battery to build up the height (see the picture to the right).
5. Place the battery in the vehicle and check that it is
a snug fit.
6. Connect the positive (red) cable first. Make sure
the Phillips screw is securely fastened (30-35in-
lbs), but do not over-tighten. Next, connect the
negative (black) cable. Do not connect the
battery in reverse polarity (positive to negative or
negative to positive).
7. Re-install the battery holder or strap and tighten securely. Re-secure all the wires and
cables with zip-ties or other fasteners.
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