Exalt EX-2.4i Lite Programming manual

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
EX-i Series (TDD)
206501-019 i
2016-05-24
EX-i Series (TDD)
Digital Microwave Radios
Installation and Management Guide
Models:
EX-2.4i/EX-2.4i Lite
EX-2.4i-16/EX-2.4i-16 K
EX-4.9i
EX-5i/EX-5i Lite
EX-5i-16/EX-5i-16 K
EX-5i-DS3

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
EX-i Series (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios
ii 206501-019
2016-05-24
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Exalt Installation and Management Guide
EX-i Series (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios
206501-019 iii
2016-05-24
Table of Contents
Legal Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Open-Source License Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
About this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Related Documentation and Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Pre-installation Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Link Engineering and Site Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Familiarization with the i-Series Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Shipping Box Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
RF Output Power Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Link Orientation and Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Radio A/B Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Radio Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Synchronization Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Internal Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
External Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Offset Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
When Sync is Lost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Link Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
System Installation and Initiation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Record Keeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Mechanical Configuration and Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Rack Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table or Rack Shelf Mounting the System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Radio Ports and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Connector Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
RMT (Remote) Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Terminating the RF Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Reset to Critical Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Antenna/Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Initial Antenna Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
EX-i Series (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios
iv 206501-019
2016-05-24
Transmission Line from Antenna to Egress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
RF Lightning Arrestor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Transmission Line from Egress to Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Configuration and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Command Line Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Connect to the Radio with a Serial Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Preparing to Connect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Log In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Login Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Navigating the GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Summary Status Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Navigation Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Radio Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Administration Settings Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
File Transfer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
File Activation Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Access Security Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
System Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
MHS Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Ethernet Interface Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
VLAN Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
T1/E1 Configuration Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
T1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
E1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
T1/E1 Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
DS3 Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
GPS Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Alarms Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
MHS Status Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Performance Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Event Log Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
User Throughput Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Diagnostic Charts Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Spectrum Analyzer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Ethernet Utilization Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Reboot Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Manual Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
EX-i Series (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios
206501-019 v
2016-05-24
Common System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
EX-2.4i System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
EX-4.9i System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.3GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.4GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.8GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
T1/E1 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Ethernet Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Sync Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Alarm Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Console Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
DC Power Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
DIP Switch Settings (-16 Models Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
DC Coupler for Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Required Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Interconnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
General Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Typical Indications of Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Improper RF Cable Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Multipath Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
RF Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Path Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Misaligned Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Faulty Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Improper Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Insufficient Link Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Moisture in the Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Back-to-back Bench Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Basic Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Specification Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
General Compliance and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Dynamic Frequency Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Safety Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Regulatory Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
4.9GHz Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
United States Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Canada Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Industry Canada (IC), Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Antennas Supported in Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Europe and ITU Country Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Regulatory Domain Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

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EIRP Limits for the United States and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
EX-2.4i EIRP for the USA and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
EX-4.9i EIRP for the USA and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
EX-5i Series EIRP for the US and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
5250–5350 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
5470–5725 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
5725–5850 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
EIRP Limits for the European Union and ITU Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
EX-2.4i-Series EIRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
EX-5i Series EIRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
5250–5350 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
5470–5725 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
5725–5850 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
EIRP Limits for Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
EX-5i Series EIRP for Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5470–5725 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
5725–5850 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Declaration of Conformity to the R&TTE Directive
1999/5/EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
EU WEEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
EU RoHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
END USER AGREEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Copyright Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

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List of Figures
Figure 1 EX-2.4i Digital Microwave Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 2 Indoor mount interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 3 Enclosure mount interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 4 Basic radio interconnectivity using internal synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 5 Collocated radios, one in AUTO SYNC mode to provide redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 6 Multiple-link site configuration, using AUTO SYNC for redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 7 GPS as primary sync source using AUTO SYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 8 Synchronized GPS sources using AUTO SYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 9 Radio installation tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 10 Front flush mount configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 11 Front projection mount configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 12 Rear-mount locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 13 Front panel (EX-2.4i, EX-4.9i, or EX-5i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 14 Front panel (EX-2.4i-16 or EX-5i-16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 15 Front panel (EX-5i-DS3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 16 Primary front panel connectors (standard models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 17 EX-5i-DS3 connectors and grounding switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 18 DC connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 19 CLI root menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 20 Initiating the browser connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Figure 21 Browser Login screens–model dependent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 22 Radio Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 23 Exalt GUI window description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Figure 24 Summary status information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Figure 25 Radio Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Figure 26 Administration Settings page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 27 Changed fields and Update button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 28 SNMP Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 29 Trap Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 30 File Transfer page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 31 File Transfer page—download file link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 32 File Activation page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 33 Access Security page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 34 System Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Figure 35 MHS Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 36 Ethernet Interface Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 37 VLAN Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Figure 38 T1 Interface Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 39 E1 Interface Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 40 External (remote) loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Figure 41 External (local) loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Figure 42 DS3 Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Figure 43 GPS Information page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 44 Alarms page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 45 MHS Status page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Figure 46 Performance page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Figure 47 Event Log page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Figure 48 User Throughput page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Figure 49 Aggregate User Throughput Help page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

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Figure 50 Diagnostic Charts page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 51 Spectrum Analyzer page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Figure 52 Spectrum analyzer graph example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figure 53 Ethernet Utilization page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Figure 54 Reboot page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 55 Manual page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 56 T1/E1 connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Figure 57 Ethernet connectors (MAIN and AUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Figure 58 Sync In connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 59 Sync Out connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 60 Alarm Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Figure 61 Console Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Figure 62 DC Power connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Figure 63 DIP Switch Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Figure 64 DC coupler interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Figure 65 Basic back-to-back bench test configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
List of Tables
Table 1 Factory default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 2 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 3 LED indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 4 Recommended transmission line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Table 5 Default login information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 6 Alarm status indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Table 7 DIP Switch Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Table 8 Standard Factory Defaults (-16 Models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Table 9 Common DIP Switch Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Table 10 EX-2.4i supported antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Table 11 EX-5i supported antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Table 12 Product approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Table 13 Regulatory Domain Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Table 14 EU and ITU Country-Specific EIRP Levels for the EX-2.4i Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Table 15 EU and ITU Country Specific EIRP Levels for EX-5i Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

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About this Document
This manual provides a complete description of the EX-i Series (TDD) of Exalt Digital Microwave
Radios and related software. This manual provides planners, engineers, installers, system
administrators, and technicians general and specific information related to the planning, installation,
operation, management, and maintenance of these devices.
Revision History
Date Products and Release code
2006-04-28 EX-2.4i release 1.0
2006-05-03 EX-2.4i release 1.01 (also valid for 1.0.2)
2006-07-06 EX-5i release 1.0.0 (also valid for 1.0.1)
2006-09-01 EX-2.4i release 1.1.0 (Mode 2 feature release)
EX-5i-16 release 1.0.0
EX-2.4i-16 release 1.0.0
EX-5i release 1.1.0 (SNMP feature release)
2006-09-27 EX-2.4i and EX-5i release 1.1.0 (SNMP feature release)
2006-10-27 EX-2.4i v1.2.0 (Sync and VLAN feature releases)
EX-5i release v2.0.0 (Sync and VLAN feature releases)
EX-2.4i and EX-5i-16 v1.1.1 (Sync feature release)
2007-02-28 EX-4.9i (initial release)
2007-04-20 EX-4.9i release v1.1.0 (AES and GPS Sync feature releases)
2007-05-07 EX-5i release v3.0.0 (Symmetry, Enhanced Event Log, and Legacy SNMP feature releases)
2007-07-16 EX-5i v3.1.0 (Regulatory Domain Key, Base License Key, and Dynamic Frequency Selection feature
releases)
EX-5i-16 v2.0.0 (Regulatory Domain Key, Base License Key, and Dynamic Frequency Selection feature
releases)
2007-10-18 EX-5i-DS3 v1.0.0
2007-11-30 EX-5i release 3.2.0 (Spectrum Analyzer, AES-256, Enhanced CLI, SNMP Traps, MIB-II enhancements
feature releases)
2008-05-16 Related documentation update.
2009-12-15 EX-2.4i-16 and EX-5i-16 release 4.0.0 (VLAN, User Throughput, Ethernet Utilization Diagnostics, SSL/
SSH and DHCP feature releases)
2011-10-26 EX-5i-DS3 release v4.2.0 (major feature release and first release of management security feature)
2012-01-20 EX-5i release v4.2.1 (management security feature and other minor features)
2014-06-27 EX-5i release v4.3 (multiple SNMP server support)
2015-11-06 Updated to include current contact information
2016-05-24 Updated for FCC Class II Permissive Change

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Icons
The following icons denote specific types of information:
Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to
materials not contained in the manual.
Warning! This symbol means there is a risk of electric shock or bodily injury. Before
working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be
familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.
Caution! This symbol means be careful. There is a risk of doing something that might
result in equipment damage or loss of data. This is a general warning, caution, or risk of
danger.

Exalt Installation and Management Guide
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206501-019 1
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Introduction
Exalt Wireless, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality, highest
reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability extends to our
employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve our products, as
well as your sales and Customer Care experience.f
Related Documentation and Software
This manual makes reference to other documentation and software files that may be necessary. To
access all documents and software mentioned in this manual visit:
http://login.exaltcom.com
You must have a user account to view all downloads. Follow the online instructions to create a user
account and request access.
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios are the most advanced carrier-class point-to-point
terrestrial radio communications devices operating in the 2400 to 2483.5 MHz, 4940 to 4990MHZ, and
5250 to 5850MHz frequency bands, respectively. Figure 1 shows the EX-2.4i Digital Microwave
Radio.
Figure 1 EX-2.4i Digital Microwave Radio
The i-Series radios connect voice and/or digital data from one location to another, obviating the need
for copper or fiber connectivity, or enhancing existing connectivity by providing a redundancy
solution, a primary solution, and/or additional capacity.
Customer Care Hotline (USA): [phone]
Toll-Free Customer Care Hotline (USA): (844) EXALT-01 (392-5801)
Website: www.exaltcom.com
Sales e-mail: [e-mail]
Customer Care e-mail: [email protected]
Mailing Address: Exalt Wireless, Inc.
530 Division Street
Campbell, CA 95008
USA

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The following models of radios are covered in this manual:
•EX-2.4i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
– Configured for 100Mbps + 4xT1/E1 (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 200Mbps capacity (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-2.4i Lite, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
– Configured for 27Mbps (8MHz/Mode2 and 16MHz/Mode1)
– With license-key upgrade for 55Mbps
– With license-key upgrade for 100Mbps
– With license-key upgrade for 2xT1/E1
– With license-key upgrade for 4xT1/E1
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-2.4i-16 (or EX-2.4i-16 K, exclusively for Korea), 10/100 Ethernet + 16xT1/E1
– Configured for 4xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 8xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 12xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1, 200Mbps (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-4.9i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
– Configured for 2xT1/E1, 27Mbps (10MHz/Mode2, 20MHz/Mode1)
– With license-key upgrade for 4xT1/E1, 55Mbps (20MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-5i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
– Configured for 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 200Mbps capacity (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-5i Lite, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
– Configured for 27Mbps (8MHz/Mode2 and 16MHz/Mode1)
– With license-key upgrade for 55Mbps
– With license-key upgrade for 100Mbps
– With license-key upgrade for 2xT1/E1
– With license-key upgrade for 4xT1/E1
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-5i-DS3 10/100 Ethernet + 1xDS3 + 16xT1/E1
– Configured for 100Mbps + 4xT1/E1 (32MHz/Mode2)

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– With license-key upgrade for 200Mbps + 16xT1/E1 (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 200Mbps + 1xDS3 (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
•EX-5i-16 (or EX-5i-16 K, exclusively for Korea), 10/100 Ethernet + 16xT1/E1
– Configured for 4xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 8xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 12xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1, 200Mbps (64MHz/Mode2)
– With license-key upgrade for FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption
Generally, the i-Series models require a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to achieve a high-
performance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site planning BEFORE
installing this equipment.
The primary focus of this document is the installation and maintenance of the digital microwave radio,
and assumes that path engineering and site planning were already performed.
The EX-2.4i models utilize radio frequencies in the range of 2400 to 2483.5MHz. The EX-5i models
utilize radio frequencies in the range of 5250 to 5850 MHz. In most countries these frequency bands
are considered as ‘license-exempt’ or ‘unlicensed.’ This means that virtually any user may use these
frequencies freely, without paying for access, or any type of pre-notification, post-notification or
registration. As a result of this designation, users may also move or change these systems at any time,
with significant flexibility to the location, orientation and configuration of the system. However, also
due to this designation, there may be uncontrolled interference from other similar devices occupying
this spectrum. In these cases, it is up to engineering and maintenance personnel to design the system
with existing and future interference sources in mind, recognizing that there is a chance that the
interference conditions could be very dynamic, and outages may occur on the system as a result, and
that, in some very rare cases, the system may cause interference into another system and may be
required to be disengaged or modified/re-oriented to eliminate the interference.
If the spectrum in your country is designated as ‘license-exempt’ or similar, this does not infer that the
installer may configure the system in any manner at any location. In most cases, there are regulations,
or device-based conditions that limit the use of the device, such as maximum gain antenna, antenna
types and maximum output power, as well as, in some cases, application limits, limited geography of
use, and other unique regulations. The link design engineer and/or professional installer must
determine these limitations and engineer/install the system within the confines of all local regulations.
Also, it is required to examine any regulations that may apply to peripheral equipment, installation and
cabling of the system that may be regulated for human safety, electrical code, air-traffic control, and
other safety-related categories.
In certain countries, the spectrum for this product is NOT considered to be license-exempt. In these
cases, there may be additional regulatory requirements concerning the location, frequency, power,
orientation, configuration, and other aspects of the system, including, in some cases, a need for link
registration, coordination, and fees that may apply to the system usage. Please consult your local
regulatory organization(s) to determine usage requirements.
The EX-4.9i utilizes frequencies in the 4940–4990MHz range, and is typically a licensed band
reserved for use by Public Safety agencies and applications.
In almost all cases, either for license-exempt or other designation, the product itself must be authorized
for use in your country. Either Exalt or Exalt’s agent must have applied for certification or

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authorization to allow the sale and deployment of the system within the country. It is also possible that
only certain versions or configurations of the device are allowed within a particular country. Please
contact Exalt or your authorized Exalt representative for information pertaining to your country.
Figure 2 Indoor mount interconnection
Figure 3 Enclosure mount interconnection
For highest performance and reliability, it is advised to minimize the length of RF cable and associated
transmission system losses between the antenna and the radio's antenna port.
Depending on model, combinations of the following data communication interfaces are provided:
Note: It is the professional installer’s responsibility to ensure that the radio system is
implemented in a legal fashion. Exalt is not liable for any unsafe or illegal installations.

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•10/100BaseT Ethernet
•Up to 16xT1/E1 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (number of TDM interfaces is determined
by specific model and license-key configuration)
•Up to 1xDS-3 interface for synchronous voice traffic
The i-Series radios feature a wide-mouth direct DC connection (24V or 48V), and are also provided
with an external AC adapter.
All models provide the following primary features and benefits:
•Low-latency optimization and control for voice and data connections
•Very high throughput and flexible interface configurations with voice+data combinations
•Encryption for extreme wireless security
•Easy-to-use management and configuration
•Flexible utilized channel bandwidth selection for interference avoidance and frequency
coordination
•Flexible center frequency tuning for interference avoidance and frequency coordination

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Pre-installation Tasks
This section describes the steps necessary to prepare a site for the installation of the Exalt Digital
Microwave Radio.
Link Engineering and Site Planning
Design all terrestrial wireless links prior to purchase and installation. Generally, professional wireless
engineering personnel are engaged to determine the viability and requirements for a well-engineered
link to meet the users’ needs for performance and reliability.
The reader is referred to the Exalt document, Guidance for Engineering and Site Planning of
Terrestrial Wireless Links. This document and calculator aid in the pre-planning and engineering
required to determine following attributes:
•Antenna type/gain at each end of the link
•Antenna mounting height/location for proper path clearance
•Antenna polarization orientation
•RF cabling type, length, connectors, route, and mounting
•Antenna system grounding
•Lightning arrestor type(s), location(s), and grounding
•Radio mounting location and mechanisms
•Radio grounding
•Radio transmitter output power setting
•Anticipated received signal level (RSL) at each end
•Anticipated fade margin and availability performance at each end
•Radio settings for TDD frame length and occupied bandwidth
•Anticipated throughput performance (TDM circuit support and Ethernet)
•Anticipated system latency
With respect to radio path and site planning, these radios are generally identical to other microwave
terrestrial wireless systems. Engineering of these systems requires specific knowledge about the
radios, including:
•RF specifications (transmitter output power, receiver threshold, occupied channel bandwidth, and
carrier-to-interference tolerance)
•Regulatory limitations on transmitter output power setting and antenna type/gain
•Noise/interference profile for the intended location
Familiarization with the i-Series Radios
The Exalt i-Series radios utilize time division duplex (TDD) radio transmission. This means that the
transmitted signal in both directions uses the same center frequency and transmits in one direction for
a period of time, and then in the opposite direction for another period of time. This total period of time
is referred to as the frame length or TDD frame length, and is further discussed in Time Division
Duplex (TDD) Factors.

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The two radio terminals are identical hardware, except for the TDD setting in software. When the
radios are in their default state, both radios are configured as Radio B. One end of the link must be
configured as Radio A before the two ends of the radio system can communicate.
It can be considered that Radio A is the primary radio in the link. Radio A provides the master clock
and control to Radio B. For most applications, it is not important how the radio link is oriented, only
that one end is configured for Radio A and the other for Radio B. For some applications (such as,
multi-radio hub sites or repeaters), the orientation of the radio systems may be more critical. See Link
Orientation and Synchronization.
There are three ways to configure the radios for Radio A/B determination:
1Use the Exalt browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) – preferred.
2Use the Command Line Interface (CLI) through Telnet on the AUX port or a Serial connection to
the Console port.
3Use the front panel DIP switch, in case of emergency (EX-2.4i-16 model only).
Exalt recommends using the Exalt GUI for radio configuration. This interface requires a computer
with an Ethernet port and web browser software, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above. See
Configuration and Management for details on how to connect to and use the browser-based GUI
interface.
-16 and -DS3 models: The front panel DIP switch provides a fast temporary means for Radio A/
Radio B configuration. EX-5i-16 and EX-5i-DS3 models may also require installation of the
Regulatory Domain Key prior to DIP switch operation. See DIP Switch Settings (-16 Models Only).
Shipping Box Contents
Unless purchased as a spare terminal, the radios are shipped as a complete hop (that is, a radio link pair
consisting of two terminals). An outer box has labeling that indicates the contents of the box, with the
part number and serial number details for both radio terminals.
Inside the outer box are two identical boxes, each of these boxes is also marked with the part number
and serial number of the individual terminal contained inside the box. The terminal box contains the
following items:
•Radio terminal (configured as Radio B)
•AC adapter
•Accessory kit
– Rack mount flanges
– Flange mounting hardware (4 x M4 screws; 4 x M4 wave washers)
– DC power connector (1)
– Grounding hardware (1 x M5 screw; 1 x M5 wave washer; 2 x M5 flat washers)
•Registration card
•Quick-start guide
Note: Models with the Access Security management feature ignore DIP switch configurations
after any reset. See the Access Security Page.

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Inspect the outer packaging and the contents of the boxes upon receipt. If you suspect any shipping
damage or issues with the contents, contact Exalt Customer Care.
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test
Every Exalt digital microwave radio goes through extensive quality testing and performance
evaluation over the full operating temperature range prior to shipment. However, before installation, it
is strongly advised to perform several tests and tasks that are much more difficult to perform once the
radio link endpoints are distant from one another. A back-to-back bench test and pre-configuration will
provide confidence that the radio link is operational and properly configured prior to installation, so
that if troubleshooting is necessary, the radio hardware and configuration settings are eliminated from
the troubleshooting process. Verify the following in the back-to-back testing:
•Confirm that the radio system is generally operational
– Radios power-up with planned power and wiring solutions
– Regulatory Domain Key (RDK) entry successful
– RF link connects in both directions
– Traffic passes across the link
•Configure connected equipment and cabling
– Test Ethernet (CAT5) cabling, and/or T1/E1 cabling, any auxiliary connector cabling and
configure all interfaces
– Configure IP settings for configuration and management
– Configure passwords and security modes
– Become familiar with the configuration and management interfaces through the Exalt GUI
interface
– Configure radio parameters, including installing any optional software license keys and
configuring features controlled by license keys
– Set transmitter output power to engineered or allowed level (see RF Output Power Setting)
– Set operating center frequency
Note: Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to products
registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for
unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days. See Exalt Limited
Hardware Warranty.
Note: Exalt radios with the RDK function are DISABLED when initially shipped. To
ENABLE the radio, a valid RDK must be entered on the Administration Settings Page of the
Exalt GUI. The RDK references the unit's serial number and is provided based on the country
and/or region where the radio system will be deployed. The RDK is obtained through your
Exalt Authorized distributor or reseller.
Note: Some countries require Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS), which delays the
transmitter turn-on time during the initial Clear Channel Assessment period of 1 minute. In
accordance with these regulations, the radios boot up, and then wait for 1 minute before
linking.

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– Set link distance, occupied channel bandwidth, and frame length
•Make detailed radio performance measurements
– Measure transmitter output power
– Measure receiver threshold performance
– Confirm unfaded error-free performance
Some of these tasks may not be possible or practical within a bench test environment due to the nature
of the remote connectivity of peripheral equipment. However, it is good practice to perform as much as
possible in this environment to minimize field/installation time and troubleshooting efforts.
Detailed performance measurements are usually not required for pre-installation, but can be easily
performed at this stage and may be helpful for later troubleshooting efforts or for internal records.
During troubleshooting, there may often be a point at which a back-to-back bench test should be
performed to verify many or all of the above items, and in the case of a suspected faulty device, to help
confirm the fault and determine which end of the system is at fault and in need of repair or
replacement.
RF Output Power Setting
The maximum RF output power is bounded by one of the following criteria:
•Maximum RF output power setting capability of the radio device
•Maximum RF output power allowed/authorized by the local government regulations and for this
specific device
•Maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the transmission system allowed/
authorized by the local government regulations and for this specific device
•Desired RSL to not exceed the maximum RSL allowed by the device
•Desired RSL to minimize/eliminate interference into neighboring systems
1
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors
The i-Series radios are very dynamic, allowing the installer to optimize and control the performance of
the radio system for the intended application. The following parameters must be carefully determined
during the link engineering phase:
•Link distance
•Bandwidth
•TDD frame size
•Mode (modulation)
The setting of the above parameters determines the following performance factors:
•Number of supported T1/E1/DS3 channels
•Ethernet throughput
Note: See Back-to-back Bench Testing for detailed instructions.

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•System latency (delay)
The following generalizations can be made with regards to these factors:
•The shorter the TDD frame size, the lower the latency
•The shorter the link distance, the lower the latency, the higher the throughput
•The longer the TDD frame size, the higher the throughput
•The higher the bandwidth, the higher the capacity
•The higher the mode, the higher the capacity
Link Orientation and Synchronization
Link orientation refers to the Radio A and Radio B placement in your network. Link synchronization
refers to using external or internal timing to coordinate multiple links.
For every link, one end of the radio link must be configured as Radio A, while the other end is
configured as Radio B. In single-link systems, it does not matter which end of the system is mounted at
which end of the link, and there is typically no requirement for any link synchronization.
Link orientation and synchronization are more important for networks with site(s) where there is more
than one link of the same type or for sites using the same type of radio that are very close to each
another at one or both ends.
Configure collocated radio terminals for the same link orientation. That is, configure all radios at the
same location as Radio A or Radio B.
It can be advantageous to utilize link synchronization for collocated links. The radios allow the use of
an optional GPS synchronization kit. This synchronization controls the transmitter and receiver frame
timing so that collocated radios are transmitting at the same time and receiving at the same time. This
can substantially reduce the opportunity for self-interference. Without synchronization, collocated
radios may be transmitting and receiving at the same time, incurring near-end interference.
Note: Disable all T1/E1/DS3 ports if there are no T1/E1/DS3 interfaces connected. This
shifts all available throughput to the Ethernet interface.
Note: If a selected combination of the Link Distance, Frame Size, Bandwidth, and Mode
parameters cannot support all the desired TDM ports, the ports that cannot be supported are
automatically disabled. Priority is placed on the DS3 port, and then the T1/E1 port number.
That is, the first port to be disabled, if necessary, is the highest T1/E1 port number, such as
Port 4 for the standard models, and Port 16 for -16 or -DS3 models (assuming that the DS3
and/or all 16 TDM interfaces are licensed for use). See T1/E1 Configuration Pages for more
information.
Note: It is not always necessary to synchronize collocated radios. If antennas are substantially
separated or blocked from one another and/or frequency separation tuning is used, the
opportunity for near-end interference can be eliminated.
Note: The GPS sync feature is not available on all models. Contact your Exalt Wireless
representative for details.