Exalt i Series Programming manual
Part Number: 50000001
Date: 2007-10-18
i-Series
Digital Microwave Radios
Installation and Management Guide
Models:
EX-2.4i
EX-2.4i-16
EX-4.9i
EX-5i
EX-5i-16
EX-5i-DS3
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Legal Notice
The information contained herein is the property of Exalt Communications, Inc. (“Exalt”) and is
supplied without liability for errors or omissions. No part of this document may be reproduced, in any
form, except as authorized by contract or other written permission from the owner.
Any brand names and product names included in this manual are trademarks, registered trademarks,
or trade names of their respective holders.
The contents of this document are current as of the date of publication. Exalt reserves the right to
change the contents without prior notice.
The publication of information in this document does not imply freedom from patent or other rights
of Exalt or others.
© 2007 Exalt Communications Inc. All rights reserved.
The Exalt logo is a trademark of Exalt Communications, Inc.
Open-Source License Information
In addition to proprietary software/firmware, which is the sole intellectual property of Exalt, the Exalt
i-series Digital Microwave Radios make use of public (open-source) software/firmware within the
terms of use of their respective shared license agreements. Exalt will supply copies of any of this code,
within the terms of their individual licensing agreements, upon request.
Open-Source Code License Agreement Website
Linux Operating System GNU GPL Version 2 www.gnu.org
BusyBox CLI GNU GPL Version 2 www.gnu.org
www.busybox.net
GoAhead Web Server Copyright (c) 2003 GoAhead Software, Inc. All Rights
Reserved. www.goahead.com
U-boot Boot Code GNU GPL Version 2 www.gnu.org
www.sourceforge.net
Net-SNMP (see Copyright Notices) www.sourceforge.net
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Table of Contents
Legal Notice...........................................................................................................................................ii
Open-Source License Information .........................................................................................................ii
List of Figures .....................................................................................................................................viii
List of Tables..........................................................................................................................................x
About this Document..............................................................................................................................1
Revision History.................................................................................................................................1
Icons ...................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction............................................................................................................................................3
Related Documentation and Software................................................................................................3
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios....................................................................................3
Basic Features.....................................................................................................................................6
Pre-installation Tasks .............................................................................................................................8
Link Engineering and Site Planning...................................................................................................8
Familiarization with the i-Series Radios ............................................................................................9
Shipping Box Contents.................................................................................................................10
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test........................................................................10
RF Output Power Setting..................................................................................................................12
Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors .............................................................................................12
Link Orientation and Synchronization .............................................................................................13
Radio A/B Configuration .............................................................................................................13
Radio Synchronization .....................................................................................................................15
Synchronization Modes................................................................................................................15
Internal Synchronization ..............................................................................................................16
External Synchronization .............................................................................................................17
Offset Timing...................................................................................................................................18
When Sync is Lost........................................................................................................................18
LEDs.............................................................................................................................................19
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)..............................................................................................19
Link Symmetry.................................................................................................................................19
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).............................................................................20
System Installation and Initiation Process............................................................................................22
Record Keeping................................................................................................................................23
Installation............................................................................................................................................24
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Mechanical Configuration and Mounting........................................................................................ 24
Rack Mounting............................................................................................................................. 24
Table or Rack Shelf Mounting the System.................................................................................. 26
Radio Ports and Indicators............................................................................................................... 26
Connector Overview.................................................................................................................... 27
LED Indicators............................................................................................................................. 28
RMT (Remote) Button................................................................................................................. 31
Power ............................................................................................................................................... 31
Terminating the RF Connector .................................................................................................... 31
AC Power..................................................................................................................................... 31
DC Power..................................................................................................................................... 32
Reset to Critical Factory Settings................................................................................................. 34
Antenna/Transmission System......................................................................................................... 34
Initial Antenna Mounting............................................................................................................. 34
Transmission Line from Antenna to Egress................................................................................. 35
RF Lightning Arrestor.................................................................................................................. 37
Transmission Line from Egress to Radio..................................................................................... 38
Antenna Alignment.......................................................................................................................... 38
Configuration and Management........................................................................................................... 40
Command Line Interface (CLI) ....................................................................................................... 40
Connect to the Radio with a Serial Connection........................................................................... 40
Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI)............................................................................... 40
Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session .................................................................................... 40
Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI).............................................................................................. 42
Preparing to Connect.................................................................................................................... 42
Log In........................................................................................................................................... 42
Login Privileges........................................................................................................................... 43
Quick Start....................................................................................................................................... 44
Navigating the GUI.......................................................................................................................... 45
Summary Status Section .............................................................................................................. 45
Navigation Panel.......................................................................................................................... 46
Radio Information Page................................................................................................................... 48
Administration Settings Page........................................................................................................... 49
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration..................................................... 51
SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options .............................................................................................. 52
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System Configuration Page..............................................................................................................53
MHS Configuration Page.................................................................................................................57
Ethernet Interface Configuration Page.............................................................................................58
VLAN Configuration Page...............................................................................................................59
T1/E1 Configuration Pages ..............................................................................................................61
T1 Interface Configuration Page ..................................................................................................62
E1 Interface Configuration Page ..................................................................................................63
T1/E1 Loopback...........................................................................................................................63
DS3 Configuration Page...................................................................................................................65
File Transfer Page ............................................................................................................................66
File Activation Page.........................................................................................................................70
GPS Information Page......................................................................................................................71
Alarms Page .....................................................................................................................................72
MHS Status Page..............................................................................................................................74
Performance Page.............................................................................................................................75
Event Log Page ................................................................................................................................78
Diagnostic Charts Page.....................................................................................................................79
Spectrum Analyzer Page ..................................................................................................................81
Reboot Page......................................................................................................................................84
Manual Page.....................................................................................................................................85
Specifications .......................................................................................................................................86
Physical Specifications.....................................................................................................................86
Common System Specifications.......................................................................................................86
EX-2.4i System Specifications.........................................................................................................87
EX-4.9i System Specifications.........................................................................................................88
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.3GHz Band....................................................................................89
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.4GHz Band....................................................................................90
EX-5i System Specifications, 5.8GHz Band....................................................................................91
Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................92
Interface Connections...........................................................................................................................94
T1/E1 Connections...........................................................................................................................94
Ethernet Connections........................................................................................................................95
Sync Connections.............................................................................................................................96
Alarm Connector..............................................................................................................................97
Console Connector ...........................................................................................................................98
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DC Power Connector....................................................................................................................... 98
DIP Switch Settings (-16 and -DS3 Models Only).............................................................................. 99
Antennas ............................................................................................................................................ 101
DC Coupler for Antenna Alignment.................................................................................................. 104
Required Items............................................................................................................................... 104
Interconnections............................................................................................................................. 104
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................. 106
General Practices ........................................................................................................................... 106
Typical Indications of Issues.......................................................................................................... 107
Improper RF Cable Termination.................................................................................................... 108
Multipath Propagation ................................................................................................................... 108
RF Interference .............................................................................................................................. 108
Path Obstruction............................................................................................................................. 109
Misaligned Antenna....................................................................................................................... 109
Faulty Antenna............................................................................................................................... 110
Improper Grounding ...................................................................................................................... 110
Insufficient Link Margin................................................................................................................ 110
Back-to-back Bench Testing.............................................................................................................. 111
Basic Test....................................................................................................................................... 111
Specification Performance Verification......................................................................................... 112
General Compliance and Safety......................................................................................................... 114
Dynamic Frequency Selection........................................................................................................... 115
Safety Notices.................................................................................................................................... 116
Regulatory Notices............................................................................................................................. 117
4.9GHz Model................................................................................................................................ 117
United States Compliance.............................................................................................................. 117
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States.................................................... 117
Canada Compliance ....................................................................................................................... 118
Industry Canada (IC), Canada.................................................................................................... 119
Antennas Supported in Canada.................................................................................................. 119
Europe and ITU Country Compliance........................................................................................... 119
Regulatory Compliance ..................................................................................................................... 121
Regulatory Domain Keys................................................................................................................... 123
EIRP Limits for the United States and Canada.................................................................................. 124
EX-2.4i EIRP for the USA and Canada......................................................................................... 124
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EX-4.9i EIRP for the USA and Canada .........................................................................................124
EX-5i Series EIRP for the US and Canada.....................................................................................124
5250–5350 MHz Band ...............................................................................................................124
5470–5725 MHz Band ...............................................................................................................125
5725–5850 MHz Band ...............................................................................................................125
EIRP Limits for the European Union and ITU Countries..................................................................126
EX-2.4i-Series EIRP.......................................................................................................................126
EX-5i Series EIRP..........................................................................................................................128
5250–5350 MHz band................................................................................................................128
5470–5725 MHz band................................................................................................................128
5725–5850 MHz band................................................................................................................128
EIRP Limits for Australia...................................................................................................................131
EX-5i Series EIRP for Australia.....................................................................................................131
5470–5725 MHz Band ...............................................................................................................131
5725–5850 MHz Band ...............................................................................................................131
Declaration of Conformity to the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC.......................................................132
EU WEEE.......................................................................................................................................132
EU RoHS........................................................................................................................................133
Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty.....................................................................................................134
Registration ....................................................................................................................................134
Exclusions ......................................................................................................................................134
RMA Procedures............................................................................................................................134
Copyright Notices...............................................................................................................................136
Index...................................................................................................................................................141
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List of Figures
Figure 1EX-2.4i Digital Microwave Radio..................................................................................... 3
Figure 2Indoor mount interconnection............................................................................................ 6
Figure 3Enclosure mount interconnection....................................................................................... 6
Figure 4Basic radio interconnectivity using internal synchronization.......................................... 16
Figure 5Collocated radios, one in AUTO SYNC mode to provide redundancy ........................... 16
Figure 6Multiple-link site configuration, using AUTO SYNC for redundancy............................ 16
Figure 7GPS as primary sync source using AUTO SYNC........................................................... 17
Figure 8Synchronized GPS sources using AUTO SYNC............................................................. 18
Figure 9Radio installation tasks .................................................................................................... 22
Figure 10Front flush mount configuration...................................................................................... 24
Figure 11Front projection mount configuration.............................................................................. 25
Figure 12Rear-mount locations....................................................................................................... 25
Figure 13Front panel (EX-2.4i, EX-4.9i, or EX-5i)........................................................................ 26
Figure 14Front panel (EX-2.4i-16 or EX-5i-16)............................................................................. 26
Figure 15Front panel (EX-5i-DS3) ................................................................................................. 26
Figure 16Primary front panel connectors (standard models) .......................................................... 27
Figure 17EX-5i-DS3 connectors and grounding switches.............................................................. 28
Figure 18DC connector (EX-2.4i)................................................................................................... 33
Figure 19CLI main menu................................................................................................................ 41
Figure 20Initiating the browser connection..................................................................................... 42
Figure 21Browser Login screen ...................................................................................................... 43
Figure 22Radio Information page ................................................................................................... 44
Figure 23Exalt GUI window description ........................................................................................ 45
Figure 24Summary status information............................................................................................ 46
Figure 25Radio Information page ................................................................................................... 48
Figure 26Administration Settings page........................................................................................... 49
Figure 27SNMP Configuration page............................................................................................... 52
Figure 28System Configuration page.............................................................................................. 53
Figure 29MHS Configuration page................................................................................................. 57
Figure 30Ethernet Interface Configuration page............................................................................. 58
Figure 31VLAN Configuration page............................................................................................... 59
Figure 32T1 Interface Configuration page...................................................................................... 62
Figure 33E1 Interface Configuration page...................................................................................... 63
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Figure 34External (remote) loopback..............................................................................................64
Figure 35External (local) loopback .................................................................................................64
Figure 36DS3 Configuration page...................................................................................................65
Figure 37File Transfer page.............................................................................................................67
Figure 38File Transfer page—download file link............................................................................68
Figure 39File Activation page .........................................................................................................70
Figure 40GPS Information page......................................................................................................71
Figure 41Alarms page......................................................................................................................72
Figure 42MHS Status page..............................................................................................................74
Figure 43Performance page.............................................................................................................75
Figure 44Event Log page.................................................................................................................78
Figure 45Diagnostic Charts page.....................................................................................................79
Figure 46Spectrum Analyzer page...................................................................................................81
Figure 47Spectrum analyzer graph example....................................................................................82
Figure 48Reboot page......................................................................................................................84
Figure 49Manual page .....................................................................................................................85
Figure 50T1/E1 connectors..............................................................................................................94
Figure 51Ethernet connectors (MAIN and AUX)............................................................................95
Figure 52Sync In connector.............................................................................................................96
Figure 53Sync Out connector ..........................................................................................................96
Figure 54Alarm Connector..............................................................................................................97
Figure 55Console Connector ...........................................................................................................98
Figure 56DC Power Connector........................................................................................................98
Figure 57DIP switch orientation......................................................................................................99
Figure 57DC coupler interconnection............................................................................................105
Figure 58Basic back-to-back bench test configuration..................................................................111
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List of Tables
Table 1Factory default settings.................................................................................................... 14
Table 2Connectors ....................................................................................................................... 27
Table 3LED indicators................................................................................................................. 28
Table 4Recommended transmission line ..................................................................................... 36
Table 5Default login information................................................................................................. 43
Table 6Alarm status indicators..................................................................................................... 73
Table 7DIP switch functions........................................................................................................ 99
Table 8Standard factory defaults (-16 and -DS3 models).......................................................... 100
Table 9Common DIP switch applications.................................................................................. 100
Table 10EX-2.4i supported antennas........................................................................................... 101
Table 11EX-5i supported antennas.............................................................................................. 102
Table 7Product Approvals ......................................................................................................... 121
Table 8EU and ITU Country-Specific EIRP Levels for the EX-2.4i Series.............................. 127
Table 9EU and ITU Country Specific EIRP Levels for EX-5i Series ....................................... 129
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About this Document
This manual provides a complete description of the i-Series of Exalt Digital Microwave Radios and
related software. This manual provides planners, engineers, installers, system administrators, and
technicians general and specific information related to the planning, installation, operation,
management, and maintenance of these devices.
Revision History
Date Products and Release code
2006-04-28 EX-2.4i release 1.0
2006-05-03 EX-2.4i release 1.01 (also valid for 1.0.2)
2006-07-06 EX-5i release 1.0.0 (also valid for 1.0.1)
2006-09-01 EX-2.4i release 1.1.0 (Mode 2 feature release)
EX-5i-16 release 1.0.0
EX-2.4i-16 release 1.0.0
EX-5i release 1.1.0 (SNMP feature release)
2006-09-27 EX-2.4i and EX-5i release 1.1.0 (SNMP feature release)
2006-10-27 EX-2.4i v1.2.0 (Sync and VLAN feature releases)
EX-5i release v2.0.0 (Sync and VLAN feature releases)
EX-2.4i and EX-5i-16 v1.1.1 (Sync feature release)
2007-02-28 EX-4.9i (initial release)
2007-04-20 EX-4.9i release v1.1.0 (AES and GPS Sync feature releases)
2007-05-07 EX-5i release v3.0.0 (Symmetry, Enhanced Event Log, and Legacy SNMP feature releases)
2007-07-16 EX-5i v3.1.0 (Regulatory Domain Key, Base License Key, and Dynamic Frequency Selection feature
releases)
EX-5i-16 v2.0.0 (Regulatory Domain Key, Base License Key, and Dynamic Frequency Selection feature
releases)
2007-10-18 EX-5i-DS3 v1.0.0
Icons
The following icons denote specific types of information:
Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or
references to materials not contained in the manual.
Warning: This warning symbol means there is a risk of electric shock. This
situation that could cause bodily injury. Before working on any equipment, be
aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard
practices for preventing accidents.
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Caution: This symbol means be careful. There is a risk of doing something that
might result in equipment damage or loss of data. This is a general warning, caution,
or risk of danger.
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Introduction
Exalt Communications, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality,
highest reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability
extends to our employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve
our products, as well as your sales and Customer Care experience.
Customer Care Hotline (USA): (408) 871-9890
Toll-Free Customer Care Hotline (USA): (877) EXALT-01 (392-5801)
Direct-Dial Telephone (USA): (408) 871-1804
Website: www.exaltcom.com
Mailing Address: Exalt Communications, Inc.
580 Division St.
Campbell, CA 95008
USA
Related Documentation and Software
This manual makes reference to other documentation and software files that may be necessary. Any
document or software mentioned in this manual can be found at:
http://www.exaltcom.com/support/downloads.htm
User ID: go_exalt
Password: wexmaltux
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios
The Exalt i-Series Digital Microwave Radios are the most advanced carrier-class point-to-point
terrestrial radio communications devices operating in the 2400 to 2483.5 MHz, 4940 to 4990MHZ,
and 5250 to 5850MHz frequency bands, respectively. Figure 1 shows the EX-2.4i Digital Microwave
Radio.
Figure 1 EX-2.4i Digital Microwave Radio
The i-Series radios connect voice and/or digital data from one location to another, obviating the need
for copper or fiber connectivity, or enhancing existing connectivity by providing a redundancy
solution, a primary solution, and/or additional capacity.
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The following models of radios are covered in this manual:
EX-2.4i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
¶Configured for 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
EX-2.4i-16, 10/100 Ethernet + 16xT1/E1
¶Configured for 4xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 8xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 12xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1, 200Mbps (64MHz/Mode2)
EX-4.9i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
¶Configured for 2xT1/E1, 27Mbps (10MHz/Mode2, 20MHz/Mode1)
¶With license-key upgrade for 4xT1/E1, 55Mbps (20MHz/Mode2)
EX-5i, 10/100 Ethernet + 4xT1/E1
¶Configured for 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 200Mbps capacity (64MHz/Mode2)
EX-5i-16, 10/100 Ethernet + 16xT1/E1
¶Configured for 4xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 8xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 12xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1, 200Mbps (64MHz/Mode2)
EX-5i-DS3, 10/100 Ethernet + 16xT1/E1 +DS3
¶Configured for 4xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 8xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 12xT1/E1, 100Mbps (32MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1, 200Mbps (64MHz/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for DS3, 200Mbps (64Mbps/Mode2)
¶With license-key upgrade for 16xT1/E1 and DS3, 200Mbps (64Mbps/Mode2)
Not all software features mentioned in this document are enabled on all radios with the
current firmware releases. Please note the revision history in the front section of the manual
and check the Exalt website download section to verify the most recent firmware release
available for your product.
This manual uses terminology to distinguish the characteristics of specific radio models. The
term standard refers to the EX-2.4i, EX-4.9i, and EX-5i models. The term -16 refers to the
EX-2.4i-16 and EX-5i-16 models. The term -DS3 refers to the EX-5i-DS3 model. When no
specific mention is made or the term ‘i-Series’ is used, this refers to all models.
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Generally, the i-Series models require a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to achieve a
high-performance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site planning
BEFORE installing this equipment.
The primary focus of this document is the installation and maintenance of the digital microwave radio,
and assumes that path engineering and site planning has already been performed. Please refer to the
Exalt document, Guidance for Engineering and Site Planning of Terrestrial Wireless Links, for
detailed information on these activities.
The EX-2.4i models utilize radio frequencies in the range of 2400 to 2483.5MHz. The EX-5i models
utilize radio frequencies in the range of 5250 to 5850 MHz. In most countries these frequency bands
are considered as ‘license-exempt’ or ‘unlicensed.’ This means that virtually any user may use these
frequencies freely, without paying for access, or any type of pre-notification, post-notification or
registration. As a result of this designation, users may also move or change these systems at any time,
with significant flexibility to the location, orientation and configuration of the system. However, due
also to this designation, there may be uncontrolled interference from other similar devices that occupy
this spectrum. In these cases, it is up to engineering and maintenance personnel to design the system
with existing and future interference sources in mind, recognizing that there is a chance that the
interference conditions could be very dynamic, and outages may occur on the system as a result, and
that, in some very rare cases, the system may cause interference into another system and may be
required to be disengaged or modified/re-oriented to eliminate the interference.
If the spectrum in your country is designated as ‘license-exempt’ or similar, this does not infer that
the installer may configure the system in any manner at any location. In most cases, there are
regulations, or device-based conditions that limit the use of the device, such as maximum gain
antenna, antenna types and maximum output power, as well as, in some cases, application limits,
limited geography of use, and other unique regulations. The link design engineer and/or
professional installer must determine these limitations and engineer/install the system within
the confines of all local regulations. Also, it is required to examine any regulations that may apply
to peripheral equipment, installation and cabling of the system that may be regulated for human safety,
electrical code, air-traffic control, and other safety-related categories.
In certain countries, the spectrum for this product is NOT considered to be license-exempt. In these
cases, there may be additional regulatory requirements concerning the location, frequency, power,
orientation, configuration, and other aspects of the system, including, in some cases, a need for link
registration, coordination, and fees that may apply to the system usage. Please consult your local
regulatory organization(s) to determine usage requirements.
The EX-4.9i utilizes frequencies in the 4940–4990MHz range, and is typically a licensed band
reserved for use by Public Safety agencies and applications. This band is not generally available
outside of North America.
In almost all cases, either for license-exempt or other designation, the product itself must be
authorized for use in your country. Either Exalt or Exalt’s agent must have applied for certification or
authorization to allow the sale and deployment of the system within the country. It is also possible
that only certain versions or configurations of the device are allowed within a particular country.
Please contact Exalt or your authorized Exalt representative for information pertaining to your
country.
It is the professional installer’s responsibility to ensure that the radio system is
implemented in a legal fashion. Exalt is not liable for any unsafe or illegal installations.
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Basic Features
The i-Series Digital Microwave Radios are single integrated units intended for all-indoor or
enclosure-based mounting. The associated antenna is typically mounted on a tower or rooftop mast
structure with RF cabling running from the antenna location, with an egress through the structure or
enclosure, with proper lightning suppression and grounding, to the RF connector of the radio. In turn,
the communications interfaces and power connections are directly applied to the radio, or in some
cases, also with an egress through the structure or radio enclosure with proper lightning or surge-
suppression devices and associated grounding.
Figure 2 Indoor mount interconnection
Figure 3 Enclosure mount interconnection
For highest performance and reliability, it is advised to minimize the length of RF cable and
associated transmission system losses between the antenna and the radio’s antenna port.
RF LIGHTNING ARRESTOR (GROUNDED)
PRIMARY
TRANSMISSION LINE
A
NTENN
A
SECONDARY TRANSMISSION
LINE
RADIO
POWER/DATA/INTERFACES
STRUCTURE PENETRATION
STRUCTURE PENETRATION
RF LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
(GROUNDED)
RADIO
GROUNDED
POWER/DATA/INTERFACES
LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
(
S
)
POWER/DATA/INTERFACES
POWER/DATA/INTERFACES
A
NTENN
A
CABINET
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Depending on model, combinations of the following data communication interfaces are provided:
•10/100BaseT Ethernet
•Up to 16xT1/E1 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (number of TDM interfaces is
determined by specific model and license-key configuration)
•DS-3 interface for synchronous voice traffic
The i-Series radios feature a wide-mouth direct DC connection (24V or 48V), and are also provided
with an external AC adapter.
All models provide the following primary features and benefits:
•Low-latency optimization and control for voice and data connections
•Very high throughput and flexible interface configurations with voice+data combinations
•Encryption for extreme wireless security
•Easy-to-use management and configuration
•Flexible utilized channel bandwidth selection for interference avoidance and frequency
coordination
•Flexible center frequency tuning for interference avoidance and frequency coordination
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Pre-installation Tasks
This section describes the steps necessary to prepare a site for the installation of the Exalt Digital
Microwave Radio.
Link Engineering and Site Planning
Design all terrestrial wireless links prior to purchase and installation. Generally, professional wireless
engineering personnel are engaged to determine the viability and requirements for a well-engineered
link to meet the users’ needs for performance and reliability.
The reader is referred to the Exalt document, Guidance for Engineering and Site Planning of
Terrestrial Wireless Links and the ExaltCalc path calculator. This document and calculator aid in the
pre-planning and engineering required to determine following attributes:
•Antenna type/gain at each end of the link
•Antenna mounting height/location for proper path clearance
•Antenna polarization orientation
•RF cabling type, length, connectors, route, and mounting
•Antenna system grounding
•Lightning arrestor type(s), location(s), and grounding
•Radio mounting location and mechanisms
•Radio grounding
•Radio transmitter output power setting
•Anticipated received signal level (RSL) at each end
•Anticipated fade margin and availability performance at each end
•Radio settings for TDD frame length and occupied bandwidth
•Anticipated throughput performance (TDM circuit support and Ethernet)
•Anticipated system latency
With respect to radio path and site planning, these radios are generally identical to other microwave
terrestrial wireless systems. Engineering of these systems requires specific knowledge about the
radios, including:
•RF specifications (transmitter output power, receiver threshold, occupied channel bandwidth, and
carrier-to-interference tolerance)
•Regulatory limitations on transmitter output power setting and antenna type/gain
•Noise/interference profile for the intended location
Exalt Installation and Management Guide
i-Series Digital Microwave Radios
50000001 9
2007-10-18
Familiarization with the i-Series Radios
The Exalt i-Series radios utilize time division duplex (TDD) radio transmission. This means that the
transmitted signal in both directions uses the same center frequency and transmits in one direction for
a period of time, and then in the opposite direction for another period of time. This total period of
time is referred to as the frame length or TDD frame length, and is further discussed in Time Division
Duplex (TDD) Factors.
The two radio terminals are identical hardware, except for the TDD setting in software. When the
radios are in their default state, both radios are configured as Radio B. One end of the link must be
configured as Radio A before the two ends of the radio system can communicate.
It can be considered that Radio A is the primary radio in the link. Radio A provides the master clock
and control to Radio B. For most applications, it is not important how the radio link is oriented, only
that one end is configured for Radio A and the other for Radio B. For some applications (such as,
multi-radio hub sites or repeaters), the orientation of the radio systems may be more critical. See Link
Orientation and Synchronization.
There are three ways to configure the radios for Radio A/B determination:
1. Use the Exalt browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) – preferred.
2. Use the temporary hardware configuration key, in case of emergency (EX-2.4i and EX-4.9i
models only).
3. Use the front panel DIP switch, in case of emergency (EX-2.4i-16 model only).
Exalt recommends using the Exalt GUI for radio configuration. This interface requires a computer
with an Ethernet port and web browser software, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above.
See Configuration and Management for details on how to connect to and use the browser-based GUI
interface.
Standard models: The temporary hardware configuration key can be used when no computer is
available to complete Radio A/Radio B configuration and there is a need for immediate bench testing
or initial link installation and/or antenna alignment. See Radio A/B Configuration for details on the
temporary hardware configuration key. This may not be possible on the EX-5i, due to the need for
Regulatory Domain Key installation.
-16 and -DS3 models: The front panel DIP switch provides a fast temporary means for Radio
A/Radio B configuration. EX-5i-16 models may also require installation of the Regulatory Domain
Key prior to DIP switch operation. See DIP Switch Settings (-16 and -DS3 Models Only).
Exalt Installation and Management Guide
i-series Digital Microwave Radios
10 50000001
2007-10-18
Shipping Box Contents
Unless purchased as a spare terminal, the radios are shipped as a complete hop (that is, a radio link
pair consisting of two terminals). An outer box has labeling that indicates the contents of the box,
with the part number and serial number details for both radio terminals.
Inside the outer box are two identical boxes, each of these boxes is also marked with the part number
and serial number of the individual terminal contained inside the box. The terminal box contains the
following items:
•Radio terminal (configured as Radio B)
•AC adapter
•Accessory kit
¶Rack mount flanges
¶Flange mounting hardware (4 x M4 screws; 4 x M4 wave washers)
¶DC power connector (1)
¶Grounding hardware (1 x M5 screw; 1 x M5 wave washer; 2 x M5 flat washers)
¶Radio A temporary hardware configuration key (for standard models only)
•Registration card
•Quick-start guide
Inspect the outer packaging and the contents of the boxes upon receipt. If you suspect any shipping
damage or issues with the contents, contact Exalt Customer Care.
Note: Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to products
registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for
unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days. See Exalt Limited
Hardware Warranty.
Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test
Every Exalt digital microwave radio goes through extensive quality testing and performance
evaluation over the full operating temperature range prior to shipment. However, before installation,
it is strongly advised to perform several tests and tasks that are much more difficult to perform once
the radio link endpoints are distant from one another. A back-to-back bench test and pre-configuration
will provide confidence that the radio link is operational and properly configured prior to installation,
so that if troubleshooting is necessary, the radio hardware and configuration settings are eliminated
from the troubleshooting process. Verify the following in the back-to-back testing:
•Confirm that the radio system is generally operational
¶Radios power-up with planned power and wiring solutions
¶Regulatory Domain Key (RDK) entry successful
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