Extreme Networks BlackDiamond 6800 MPLS User manual

Extreme Networks, Inc.
3585 Monroe Street
Santa Clara, California 95051
[phone]
http://www.extremenetworks.com
MPLS Module Installation
and User Guide
Published: February 2002
Part number: 100084-00 Rev. 02

ii
©2002 Extreme Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Extreme Networks and BlackDiamond are
registered trademarks of Extreme Networks, Inc. in the United States and certain other jurisdictions.
ExtremeWare, Extreme Standby Router Protocol, ESRP, Summit, and the Extreme Networks logo are
trademarks of Extreme Networks, Inc., which may be registered or pending registration in certain
jurisdictions. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
All other registered trademarks, trademarks, and service marks are property of their respective owners.

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide iii
Contents
Preface
Introduction xi
Terminology xii
Conventions xii
Related Publications xiii
1Overview
Summary of Features 1-2
MPLS 1-2
IP Unicast Forwarding 1-2
Destination-Sensitive Accounting 1-2
MPLS Module Physical Description 1-2
MPLS Module LED Indicators 1-4
Service Port 1-5
Console Port 1-5
BlackDiamond 6800 Series Switch Overview 1-5
About BlackDiamond Modules 1-5
About the MPLS Module 1-6
About MPLS 1-6
About MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 1-7

iv MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
About IP Unicast Forwarding 1-8
About Destination-Sensitive Accounting 1-8
2 Installing or Replacing an MPLS Module
Preparing for Installation 2-1
Software and Hardware Version Requirements 2-2
Safety Information 2-3
Tools 2-4
MPLS Module Slot Locations 2-4
Inserting and Securing a Module 2-6
Verifying the Module Installation 2-8
LED Indicators 2-8
Displaying Slot Status Information 2-8
Troubleshooting 2-9
Identifying Problem Categories 2-10
Fixing Configuration Errors 2-11
Upgrading the Switch Software Image 2-11
Upgrading the MPLS Module Software Image 2-11
Fixing Power-Related Problems 2-12
Identifying Conditions for Replacing an MPLS Module 2-13
Removing and Replacing an MPLS Module 2-14
Tools and Equipment 2-14
Removing an MPLS Module 2-14
3 Configuring the MPLS Module
Overview of MPLS 3-1
MPLS Terms and Acronyms 3-2
Label Switched Paths 3-4
Label Advertisement Modes 3-4
Label Retention Modes 3-5
LSP Control Modes 3-6
Label Switch Routers 3-6
Supporting Quality of Service Features 3-7

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide v
MPLS Layer 3-8
MPLS Label Stack 3-8
Penultimate Hop Popping 3-10
Label Binding 3-10
Label Space Partitioning 3-10
Configuring MPLS 3-12
Commands for MPLS 3-12
Configuring Interfaces 3-15
Configuring the Maximum Transmission Unit Size 3-16
Configuring the Propagation of IP TTL 3-16
Configuring Penultimate Hop Popping 3-17
Configuring QoS Mappings 3-17
Dot1p-to-exp Mappings 3-18
Exp-to-dot1p Mappings 3-18
Resetting MPLS Configuration Parameter Values 3-19
Displaying MPLS Configuration Information 3-20
Displaying MPLS Configuration Information 3-20
Displaying MPLS Forwarding Entry Information 3-20
Displaying MPLS Label Mapping Information 3-21
Displaying MPLS QoS Mapping Information 3-22
4 Configuring the Label Distribution Protocol
Overview of LDP 4-1
LDP Neighbor Discovery 4-1
Advertising Labels 4-2
Propagating Labels 4-2
Configuring LDP 4-3
Commands for LDP 4-3
Configuring LDP on a VLAN 4-6
Configuring LDP Filters 4-6
Configuring an LDP Label Propagation Filter 4-6
Configuring an LDP Label Advertisement Filter 4-7
Configuring LDP Session Timers 4-8
Restoring LDP Session Timers 4-9
Displaying LDP Peer Information 4-9
Configuration Example 4-10

vi MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
5 Configuring RSVP-TE
RSVP Elements 5-2
Message Types 5-2
Path Message 5-3
Reservation Message 5-4
Path Error Message 5-4
Reservation Error Message 5-4
Path Tear Message 5-4
Reservation Tear Message 5-5
Reservation Confirm Message 5-5
Reservation Styles 5-5
Fixed Filter 5-6
Shared Explicit 5-6
Wildcard 5-6
Bandwidth Reservation 5-6
Bandwidth Accounting 5-7
RSVP State 5-7
Traffic Engineering 5-8
RSVP Tunneling 5-8
RSVP Objects 5-9
Label 5-9
Label Request 5-9
Explicit Route 5-9
Record Route 5-10
Session Attribute 5-10
RSVP Features 5-10
Route Recording 5-11
Explicit Route Path LSPs 5-11
Redundant LSPs 5-12
Ping Health Checking 5-13
Improving LSP Scaling 5-13
Configuring RSVP-TE 5-14
Commands for Configuring RSVP-TE 5-14
Configuring RSVP-TE on a VLAN 5-16
Configuring RSVP-TE Protocol Parameters 5-17
Configuring an RSVP-TE Path 5-18
Configuring an Explicit Route 5-19
Configuring an RSVP-TE Profile 5-20
Configuring an Existing RSVP-TE Profile 5-22

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide vii
Configuring an RSVP-TE LSP 5-23
Adding a Path to an RSVP-TE LSP 5-23
Displaying RSVP-TE LSP Configuration Information 5-24
Displaying the RSVP-TE Routed Path 5-25
Displaying the RSVP-TE Path Profile 5-25
Displaying the RSVP-TE LSP 5-25
Configuration Example 5-26
6 MPLS and IP Routing
Routing Using LSPs 6-2
Routing Using Direct and Indirect LSPs 6-2
LSP Precedence and Interaction 6-4
Equal Cost LSPs 6-4
Overriding IBGP Metrics for RSVP-TE LSPs 6-5
LSPs and IBGP Next Hops 6-5
Multivendor Support for Indirect LSPs 6-6
Optimized Forwarding of Non-MPLS IP Traffic 6-6
7 Configuring MPLS Layer-2 VPNs
Overview of MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 7-1
Layer-2 VPN Services 7-2
MPLS VC Tunnels 7-2
Transporting 802.1Q Tagged Frames 7-3
Establishing LDP LSPs to TLS Tunnel Endpoints 7-3
LSP Selection 7-4
Layer-2 VPN Domains 7-4
MAC Learning 7-4
Spanning Tree Protocols 7-5
TLS VPN Characteristics 7-5
Configuring MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 7-6
Commands for MPLS Layer-2 VPNs 7-6
Adding a TLS Tunnel 7-8
Deleting a TLS Tunnel 7-9
Configuring the VPN Flood Mode 7-9
Displaying TLS Configuration Information 7-10

viii MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
TLS VPN Configuration Examples 7-10
Basic MPLS TLS Configuration Example 7-11
Full Mesh TLS Configuration 7-12
mpls1 7-13
mpls2 7-13
mpls3 7-13
mpls4 7-13
Hub and Spoke TLS Configuration 7-14
mpls1 7-15
mpls2 7-15
mpls3 7-15
mpls4 7-15
Configuration Example Using PPP Transparent Mode 7-15
Using ESRP with MPLS TLS 7-17
Tunnel Endpoint VLANs 7-18
LSP Tracking 7-21
Configuration Example 7-22
8 Configuring Destination-Sensitive Accounting
Overview of Destination-Sensitive Accounting 8-1
Basic Accounting Configuration Information 8-2
Configuring Access Profiles 8-3
Summary of Access Policy Commands 8-3
Creating an Access Profile 8-5
Configuring an Access Profile Mode 8-6
Adding an Access Profile Entry 8-6
Specifying Subnet Masks 8-7
Sequence Numbering 8-7
Permit and Deny Entries 8-7
Autonomous System Expressions 8-8
Deleting an Access Profile Entry 8-8
Removing a Routing Access Policy 8-8
Configuring Route Maps 8-9
Summary of Route Map Commands 8-9
Creating a Route Map 8-11
Adding Entries to the Route Map 8-11
Adding Statements to the Route Map Entries 8-11

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide ix
Route Map Operation 8-13
Configuring the Accounting Bin Number for Route Map Entry 8-13
Route Map Configuration Examples 8-13
Configuring Destination-Sensitive Accounting Based on Destination IP Subnets
8-14
Configuring Destination-Sensitive Accounting Based on BGP Community
Strings 8-15
Applying the Route Map to the IP Routing Table 8-17
Displaying the Configured Route Maps for the IP Route Table 8-17
Retrieving Accounting Statistics 8-18
Using the CLI to Retrieve Accounting Statistics 8-18
Using SNMP to Retrieve Accounting Statistics 8-18
9 Additional MPLS Module Support Topics
General Switch Attributes 9-2
Image and Configuration Attributes 9-4
802.1p and 802.1Q Commands 9-4
VLAN Commands 9-5
FDB Commands 9-5
Basic IP Commands 9-5
show ipconfig Command 9-6
show iproute and rtlookup Commands 9-6
Optional show iproute Keywords 9-6
ICMP Commands 9-7
IP Multicast and Flow Redirection Commands 9-7
OSPF Commands 9-8
BGP Commands 9-8
Route Map Commands 9-8
PPP Commands 9-9
ESRP and VRRP Commands 9-9
Layer-2 and Layer-3 Switching Attributes 9-10
Debug Trace Commands 9-10
Attributes Not Directly Applicable to the MPLS Module 9-10

xMPLS Module Installation and User Guide
A Supported MIBs and Standards
Standards Supported for MPLS A-1
MIBs Supported for MPLS A-2
Index
Index of Commands

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide xi
Preface
This preface provides an overview of this guide, describes guide conventions, and lists
other publications that may be useful.
Introduction
This guide provides the required information to install the MPLS module in a
BlackDiamond®6800 series switch from Extreme Networks and perform the initial
module configuration tasks.
This guide is intended for use by network administrators who are responsible for
installing and setting up network equipment. It assumes a basic working knowledge of:
•Local area networks (LANs)
•Ethernet concepts
•Ethernet switching and bridging concepts
•Routing concepts
•Internet Protocol (IP) concepts
•Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
•Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
If the information in the release notes shipped with your module differs from the
information in this guide, follow the release notes.

xii MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
Terminology
Switches and switch modules that use naming conventions ending in “i” have
additional capabilities that are documented throughout this user guide. For the most
current list of products supporting the “i” chipset, consult your release notes.
Unless otherwise specified, a feature requiring the “i” chipset requires the use of both
an “i” chipset-based management module, such as the MSM64i, and an “i”
chipset-based I/O module, such as the G8Xi.
Conventions
Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.
Table 1: Notice Icons
Icon Notice Type Alerts you to...
Note Important features or instructions.
Caution Risk of personal injury, system damage, or loss of data.
Warning Risk of severe personal injury.
Table 2: Text Conventions
Convention Description
Screen displays This typeface indicates command syntax, or represents information
as it appears on the screen.
Screen displays
bold
This typeface indicates how you would type a particular command.
The words “enter”
and “type”
When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type
something, and then press the Return or Enter key. Do not press the
Return or Enter key when an instruction simply says “type.”

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide xiii
Related Publications
Related Publications
The publications related to this one are:
•ExtremeWare™release notes
•ExtremeWare Software User Guide
•ExtremeWare Command Reference Guide
•BlackDiamond 6800 Series Switch Hardware Installation Guide
•BlackDiamond Module Installation Note
Documentation for Extreme Networks products is available on the World Wide Web at
the following location:
http://www.extremenetworks.com/
[Key] names Key names are written with brackets, such as [Return] or [Esc].
If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key names
are linked with a plus sign (+). Example:
Press [Ctrl]+[Alt]+[Del].
Words in italicized type Italics emphasize a point or denote new terms at the place where
they are defined in the text.
Table 2: Text Conventions (continued)
Convention Description

xiv MPLS Module Installation and User Guide

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide 1-1
1Overview
The MPLS module is a self-contained module for the BlackDiamond 6800 series
chassis-based system. Unlike other BlackDiamond modules, there are no external
network interfaces on the MPLS module. Instead, the MPLS module provides advanced
IP services for the other input/output (I/O) modules installed in the chassis. The MPLS
module contains a powerful set of packet processing resources that operate in a
one-armed fashion: receiving frames from the switch fabric, processing the frames, and
transmitting the frames back into the switch fabric.
This chapter covers the following topics:
•Summary of Features on page 1-2
•MPLS Module Physical Description on page 1-2
•BlackDiamond 6800 Series Switch Overview on page 1-5
•About the MPLS Module on page 1-6
•About MPLS on page 1-6
•About IP Unicast Forwarding on page 1-8
•About Destination-Sensitive Accounting on page 1-8

1-2 MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
Overview
Summary of Features
The MPLS module includes the following features:
•MPLS
•IP unicast forwarding (longest prefix match)
•Destination-sensitive accounting
MPLS
MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a forwarding algorithm that uses short,
fixed-length labels to make next-hop forwarding decisions for each packet in a stream.
IP Unicast Forwarding
IP unicast packets are forwarded in the hardware using the longest prefix match
algorithm. IP unicast forwarding is required to switch packets at ingress or upon
egressing an MPLS network domain.
Destination-Sensitive Accounting
Counts of IP packets and bytes are maintained based on the IP routes used to forward
packets. Destination-sensitive accounting gives you the flexibility to bill your customers
at predetermined and different rates. The rates are based on the customers’ IP unicast
packet destinations.
The accounting feature categorizes IP unicast packets using two parameters, input
VLAN ID and accounting bin number. The VLAN ID is used to identify from which
customer the packet is received. The accounting bin number is associated with the route
used to forward the packet. External billing application servers can correlate the
accounting bin number to a specific billing rate.
MPLS Module Physical Description
The MPLS module consists of a printed circuit board mounted on a metal carrier that
acts as the insertion vehicle in a BlackDiamond 6800 series switch. The module carrier
also includes ejector/injector handles and captive retaining screws at each end of the
module front panel. The module occupies one slot in a BlackDiamond 6800 series

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide 1-3
MPLS Module Physical Description
switch. A maximum of four MPLS modules can be placed in a BlackDiamond 6800
series switch.
Figure 1-1: MPLS module
The MPLS module has the following key components:
•Two high-performance network processors
•A General Purpose Processor (GPP) subsystem
PoS_00
2
MPLS_1
5
Ejector/injector
handle
Service ports
Module status LED
General Purpose Processor (GPP)
Module diagnostics LED
Captive
retaining screw
Network processors
and heat sinks

1-4 MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
Overview
The network processors are high-performance, programmable devices that enhance the
Extreme “i” chipset to support expanded functionality, features, and flexibility.
The GPP subsystem handles system control and MPLS module management functions.
The GPP subsystem resides outside the packet-forwarding data path to optimize
routing and billing performance.
MPLS Module LED Indicators
The MPLS module is equipped with two module-level LED indicators (STATUS and
DIAG) (see Figure 1-2).
The STATUS LED indicator is located near the top end of the front panel, near the
ejector/injector handle. This LED indicator is a bi-color LED (displaying in either green
or amber) that signals the operating status of the module.
The DIAG LED indicator is located beside the STATUS LED. The LED is a bi-color LED
(displaying in either green or amber) that signals whether diagnostics are being run on
the module.
Figure 1-2: Front panel view of the MPLS module
Module status LEDs
Service port
Reset
Console port
MPLS_13

MPLS Module Installation and User Guide 1-5
BlackDiamond 6800 Series Switch Overview
Service Port
The MPLS module is equipped with one front-panel service port. The port is reserved
for use only by Extreme Networks technical support personnel for diagnostic purposes.
Console Port
The MPLS module is equipped with one front-panel serial port. The port is reserved for
use only by Extreme Networks technical support personnel for diagnostic purposes.
BlackDiamond 6800 Series Switch Overview
The BlackDiamond 6800 series switch is a chassis-based switch designed to be placed in
the core of your network. The BlackDiamond 6800 series switch is flexible and scalable,
making it easy for you to meet the changing requirements of your network. The
combination of BlackDiamond and Summit switches delivers a consistent end-to-end
network solution that provides a nonblocking architecture, wire-speed switching,
wire-speed IP routing, and policy-based Quality of Service (QoS).
About BlackDiamond Modules
In addition to the MPLS module described in this guide, the BlackDiamond 6800 series
switch supports a variety of I/O modules that offer a choice of port connections over
different media types and distances. Management Switch Fabric (MSM64i) modules
provide the internal switch fabric for data being sent between I/O modules. See the
BlackDiamond Hardware Installation Guide for more information.
BlackDiamond 6800 series MPLS modules can be inserted or removed at any time
without causing disruption of network services. No configuration information is stored
on the MPLS module; all configuration information is stored on the MSM64i module.
You can also use ExtremeWare™commands to configure the MPLS module after
installing it in an I/O slot in the BlackDiamond chassis, or you can preconfigure the
parameters of a module that has not yet been inserted into the chassis.
If you preconfigure a slot for a particular module, the preconfigured information is used
when the module is inserted. You must select a module type for the slot before you can
preconfigure the parameters. If you have preconfigured a slot for a specific module
type, and then insert a different type of module, you must explicitly override the
existing configuration with a new configuration, or use the ExtremeWare

1-6 MPLS Module Installation and User Guide
Overview
unconfig slot <slot> command. If you enter a new configuration for the new
module, the module uses that configuration. If you clear the slot configuration, the new
module type can use the default configuration ExtremeWare creates.
See the ExtremeWare Software User Guide for more information on configuring
BlackDiamond modules.
About the MPLS Module
The MPLS module contains a powerful set of network processors specifically
programmed to implement the MPLS function. The card has no external ports, but
contains four full-duplex gigabit Ethernet internal ports to the BlackDiamond backplane
switch fabric. Each internal processor provides media speed packet processing for two
internal full-duplex gigabit Ethernet ports. The MPLS module operates in a one-armed
fashion: receiving frames from the switch fabric, processing the frames, and
transmitting the frames back into the switch fabric to the appropriate I/O module
output port.
MPLS modules are only compatible with Inferno-series MSM modules. They are
compatible with both Inferno-series and Summit-series I/O modules.
About MPLS
MPLS is a technology that allows routers to make protocol-independent forwarding
decisions based on fixed-length labels. The use of MPLS labels enables routers to avoid
the processing overhead of delving deeply into each packet and performing complex
route lookup operations based upon destination IP addresses.
In an MPLS environment, incoming packets are initially assigned “labels” by a Label
Edge Router (LER). The labels allow the packets to be more efficiently handled by
MPLS-capable routers at each point along the forwarding path.
An MPLS label essentially consists of a short fixed-length value carried within each
packet header and that identifies a Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC). The FEC tells
the router how to handle the packet. An FEC is defined to be a group of packets that
are forwarded in the same manner. Examples of FECs include an IP prefix, a host
address, or a VLAN ID. The label concept in MPLS is analogous to other connection
identifiers, such as an ATM VPI/VCI or a Frame Relay DLCI.