Facit N4000 User manual

Facit N4000
Punch/Reader-Punch
User's Manual

Contents Page
1 Introduction/How to get started 3
2 Design and Construction 11
3 Operation 15
4 Keyboard Controls 19
5 Program Mode 23
6 Interface connections 33
7 Technical Specification 35
Appendix 1 (Conversion chart,ASCII to Telex)
Appendix 2 (Conversion chart,ASCII to Telex)
Appendix 3 (Conversion chart,ASCII to EIA)
Appendix 4 (Conversion chart,ASCII to RS358)
Appendix 5 (Code conversion)
Appendix 6 (Telex Tape Formatting)
Appendix 7 (Test Mode)
Copyright, Facit AB Sweden, 1989.01/3500

1 Introduction
The Facit N4000 comes in two versions, a paper
tape punch and a reader/punch combination.
The paper tape punch, punches 5 to 8 track tapes.
Five track is normally used to punch telextapes
and eight track mostly for punching NC-programs.
The punching speed is 30, 62 or 75 characters
per second, operator selectable.
The reader/punch combination can read and punch 5
to 8 track tapes.
The reading speed is 200/500 characters per
second, operator selectable.
Both units are designed as stand alone units for
table top mounting. Two standard I/O ports are
available with CCITT V.24/RS-232-C serial
interface.
Facit N4000 has a buffer of~ 9 K capacity.
Code conversion can be performed. The codes
included are the two used NC codes ISO and EIA and
the national versions of the telexcode.
A small keyboard and status display are
incorporated at the top of the unit; with this all
operating system parameters may be quickly and
easily entered with no necessity to change PC
board DIP switch settings. The status display
clearly indicates the unit's current operating
status, and also shows simple error messages.
How to get started
Mains connection
- Check that the mains voltage selector on the
rear panel, see Fig. 6.1, shows the actual
mains voltage.
- Connect the mains cord to rear panel mains inlet
and to the mains.
- Switch the ON/OFF switch on the rear panel to
ON.
- Check that the status display, see Fig. 4.1,
shows OFF.

Punching
Punch tape loading
Load the tape according to section 1.2 Punch Tape
Loading.
Punching instruction
- Connect the NC/Computer cable plug to the
CHANNEL 1 I/O PORT connector on the rear panel,
see Fig.6.1.
- Depress the key ON L on the operator keyboard.
The status display shows LINE.
- Start the punching from the NC/Computer.
- Tear off the tape when the punching is ready.
If required, blank tape can be fed by depressing
OFF L and FEED before tearing off the tape.
Note
The data transmission should be made at 600 bit/s.
Reading
Reader Tape Loading
Load the tape according to section 1.5 Reader Tape
Loading.
Reading instruction
- Depress the ON L key on the operator keyboard.
The status display shows LINE.
- Clear the NC/Computer for reading.
- Depress the START key to start the reading.
- Depress the STOP key to stop the reading.
- Depress the START key to restart the reading.
Note
The data transmission should be made at 600 bit/s.
Because reading is faster than transmission, the
reader can stop before the whole tape is read. The
reader will restart automatically and continue
until the whole tape is read.

The tape can be run quickly through the reader
either forwards or reverse, without data being
read, by depressing the FF or FB key respectively.
The equipment must be off line.
When data is sent over the line, by reading or
punching, a special sign ( at reading, at
punching) is shown in the display to indicate
communication. At punching the display returns to
"Line", when data has been sent. At reading, when
the communication stops by any reason, the display
shows "data" if there is data in the buffer. The
buffer can be cleared by pressing the Stop key <*>
and the display goes back to "Line".
If punching is started after reading and there
still is data in the buffer, the buffer is
automatically cleared. By sending to N4000 for
punching, the display switches from "data", if the
buffer is not cleared, to the special line
communication sign.
Tape copying
Tape copying instruction
- Depress the OFF L key on the operator keyboard.
The status display shows OFF.
- Depress the COPY key.
The status display shows COPY.
- Put the tape in the reader.
- Depress the START key.
Copying will start.
- Depress the OFF L and ON L keys when copying is
finished.
If the raeder stops during copying, it is due to
the fact that the reader is faster than the punch.
The copying will restart automatically and
continue until the whole tape is copied.

1.1 Punch Tape Handling
The tape path through the punch is shown in Fig.
1.1. The blank tape leaves the spool and passes
around a pulley on the tape guide arm. The guide
arm applies a progressively acting brake which
operates on the tape bobbin. This operates to
ensure that tape fed through the punch is
maintained at a constant tension to ensure
accuracy and consistency of punching.
Tape Low and Tape End
When the punch tape supply is low, the error
message 'Lo' appears on the display. When the tape
is exhausted, or if a jam occurs in the feed
mechanism, the message 'Err' blinks on and off on
the display.
1.2 Punch Tape Loading
With mains power switched OFF, load tape onto the
punch tape holder as follows (see Fig. 1.1).
(1) Move the tape guide arm until it touches the
magnetic catch. This action applies the brake
to the tape bobbin and frees the tape feed and
punch mechanism.
(2) Pull out 2 metres (6 feet) of tape from the
new reel and place the reel onto the bobbin.
(3) Lock the bobbin by pushing the centre section
downwards by hand as far as possible (see Fig
1.1).
(4) Push upwards the two punch opening pegs
(located one at each side of the punch housing
- see Figs. 2.1 and 2.2), and pull forward the
punch assembly to open the tape feed and punch
slot (see Fig. 1.1).
(5) Lead the tape around the guide pulleys and
drop it into the tape feed and punch slot.
(6) Push back the punch assembly to close the tape
feed and punch slot.
(7) Release the tape guide arm from the magnetic
catch.
(8) Switch the power ON and depress the FEED key
until the tape is taut, and feeding correctly
from the spool.

GUIDE
PULLEYS BOBBIN BLANK TAPE SPOOL TAPE LOW DETECTOR
□DD
DDD
odd
ODD
TAPE FEED AND
PUNCH SLOT
i
GUIDE
PULLEY
MAGNETIC
CATCH TAPE GUIDE ARM
LOCK ELEASE
BOBBIN LOCK
Fig. 1.1 Punch Tape Loading

8
1.3 Punching Accuracy
The accuracy of punching can be checked by using
the Facit template part no. 1114 00 50-00/0 as
shown in Fig. 1.2. It is recommended that this
check is carried out approximately every 50th tape
reel used.
(1) Lay the punched tape on the template as shown
in Fig. 1.2, with a feed hole accurately
centered on the leftmost vertical line.
(2) Examine the 50th feed hole on the rightmost
vertical line. If this line is visible within
the hole, (i.e. within +-0.5 %), the punch
accuracy is acceptable.
(3) If the vertical line is not visible (i.e.
outside +-0.5 %) the punch mechanism requires
servicing.
c- 50 Characters = 127mm = 5 inches -
I H'il l.t-H *-+]
I ' t
t1-rt'H-4~f
T*T
—t-l 4 -I- +4- +-h+ 4—n
FACIT
FEED HOLE
CENTRED
ON GRID
e
i
e
©
0 5OTH FEEDHOL E (ACCURATE)
O - 0 . 5 % I A C C E P TA B L E
& LIMITS
+ 0.5% I
Fig. 1.2 Check Intercharacter Spacing

1.4 Reader Tape Handling (Facit N4000 Combination
only)
The tape path through the reader is shown in Fig.
2.5. The tape passes under the entry guide wire,
through the tape width selector (adjustable to
suit 5, 6/7 and 8 channel tapes), past the reader
head and over the drive sprocket. The drive
sprocket teeth engage in the tape feed holes to
pull the tape past the head.
An indicator lamp on the reader head is lit to
show that the optical reader lamp is on.
The tape can be run quickly through the reader
either forwards or backwards, without data being
read, by depressing the FF or FB key
respectively.
Reader Error
A malfunction of the tape reader mechanism stops
the transmission of data and the message 'Err'
blinks on and off on the display.
To clear, press <*> key.

10
1.5 Reader Tape Loading (Facit N4000 Combination
only)
Paper tape is loaded into the reader as follows
(see Fig. 1.3):
(1) Raise the lift bar to open the entry and exit
guides.
(2) Put the tape into the reader and over the
drive sprocket.
(3) Lower the lift bar to hold the tape in
position; ensure that the tape feed hooles are
engaged correctly in the drive sprocket.
READER READER HEAD
OPTICAL
READER
INDICATOR
TAPE
GUIDE FOR 5 TRACK TAPE
(PRESS DOWN WHEN 6/7 OR
8 TRACK TAPES USED)
FIXED GUIDE FOR
8 TRACK TAPES
GUIDE FOR 6/7 TRACK TAPE
(PRESS DOWN WHEN 8 TRACK
TAPE USED)
ENTRY-
GUIDE
^cooooloooooooo olooooooo EXIT
GUIDE
DRIVE
SPROCKET
LIFT BAR
Fig. 1.3 Reader Tape Handling

11
2 Design and Construction
2.1 Brief Description
The Facit N4000 is shown in Fig. 2.1. The blank
tape is contained on a standard spool at the top
rear of the unit, with the tape feed and punch
mechanism housed under a cover towards the front
of the machine. A semi-transparent lid covers the
tape spool during normal operation, and the amount
of tape left on the spool can easily be seen
without raising the lid.
The reader head is mounted at the front of the
unit next to the chad box.
The punched tape emerges from the exit slot at the
left of the unit; no special arrangement is
included for handling the punched tape.
A tape cutter is fitted in the punched tape exit
slot. The tape is torn off against this cutter to
leave a 'V at the end of the tape; this enables
the start and finish of the tape to be correctly
identified.
The chad box is located at the front left of the
unit and may be removed by pulling it out from the
top.
The operator's keyboard and status display are
situated on top of the unit in front of the lid.
The mains ON/OFF switch, supply fuses and I/O
connector are fitted on the rear panel of the
unit.

12
MAINS AND
I/O CONNECTOR
PANEL
STATUS
DISPLAY
OPERATOR
KEYBOARD
PUNCH
OPENING
PEG
EXIT
SLOT
TAPE FEED AND
PUNCH MECHANISM
PUNCH
FEED SLOT
CHAD BOX
Fig. 2.1 Facit M000 Punch

13
MAINS AND
I/O CONNECTOR
PANEL
STATUS
DISPLAY
TAPE FEED AND
PUNCH MECHANISM
PUNCH
FEED SLOT
OPERATOR
KEYBOARD
PUNCH
OPENING
PEG
EXIT SLOT
CHAD BOX
TAPE
READER
HEAD
Fig. 2.2 Facit N4000 Reader/Punch Combination

15
3 Operation
The unit is intelligent and all programming
functions are performed by entries made on the
built-in keyboard.
All program parameters are held in RAM, and a
battery is incorporated on the interface board to
preserve the memory contents when the unit is
switched off. The battery capacity is sufficient
to retain the memory contents for several years.
3.1 Punch buffer
The overall operation of the punch, and the
control of incoming data, is performed by the
buffer. The buffer's total capacity is*v9 K. This
capacity is shared between Channels 1 and 2
according to the buffer stop address selected for
channel 1, in the Program step 12. Each buffer
accepts data from its source until full; an
instruction is then sent to the source to stop the
transmission. The minimum size for either buffer
is 256 characters.
The required code conversion of the incoming data
is performed prior to reading into the buffer;
data in the buffer is therefore always in the
correct version for direct punching out.
3.2 Punching out data
Whichever channel has assumed priority for
incoming data keeps this priority when punching
data.
Data transfer from buffer to punch is controlled
and selected in the Program mode (see section 5).
3.3 Buffer Status Signalling
The acceptance of incoming data is controlled by
the Full or Empty status of its associated part of
the buffer.
The buffer Full or Empty condition is indicated
either by X-ON/X-OFF protocol or Ready/Busy status
signalling, selectable separately for each channel
in the Program mode.
3.4 Punch Speed
The punching speed is 30, 62 or 75 characters per
second, operator selectable.

16
3.5 Time Out
If data is sent to both channels simultaneously,
the channel receiving data first assumes priority
and starts punching. An End of Message character
or a Time Out selected in Program mode 10 can
change priority to the other channel. The Time Out
function is explained fully in Appendix 6.
3.6 Tape Reader (Facit N4000 reader/punch
combination only)
Where a reader is included on the unit, data read
from a punched tape is transmitted via channel 1
or channel 2.
Reading takes place at a speed of 200/500
characters per second, operator selectable.
When the reader is started from the keyboard
(start key) data is always transmitted via channel
1. When the reader is started remote, using the
start reader code, data can be transmitted via
channel 1 or 2 depending on the channel used to
send the start reader code. The channel not
affected by reading can accept data for punching.
If reading is attempted while data for punching
remains in any of the buffers for channel 1 or 2,
reading is inhibited and BUSY is displayed,
reading can start when the existing contents are
punched and the channel buffer is empty.
The reader stops when the Stop key is depressed, a
stop reader code is received (either sent over the
line or read on the tape), or when the tape end is
reached.
The transmission continues until the buffer is
empty even if the reader stops due to any of the
conditions above.
The transmission can be controlled using the
X-0N/X-0FF protocol. Sending the code DC3 will
stop transmission and the code DCl will start
transmission.

17
Starting the reader with X-ON (DCl)
When X-ON/X-OFF protocol is used, DCl will start
the reader, DC3 will not stop the reader but the
transmission will be stopped. When other mode than
transparency mode is used, DCl must be set in
program step 31.
When X-ON/X-OFF protocol is not used, DCl and DC3
can be used to start and stop the reader in all
modes except transparent mode.
Program step 31, start reader, must be set to 17
and program step 33, stop reader, must be set to
19.
Reader Start with DC1 (XON)
Program Step
3/4 Program
Step 6/7 Program Step 9 Program Step 31
Reader Start
2XXX
4XXX
0 0 0 DC1 (XON)
starts Reader
2XXX
4XXX
0=£0 0 DC1 (XON)
starts Reader
2XXX
4XXX
=£0 *0 0 DC1 (XON) does
NOT start Reader
2XXX
4XXX
=#0 *0 17(DC1) DC1 (XON)
starts Reader
1XXX
3XXX
0 0 0 DC1 (XON) does
NOT start Reader
1XXX
3XXX
#0 *0 17(DC1) DC1 (XON)
starts Reader
1XXX
3XXX
=/=o 017(DC1) DC1 (XON)
starts Reader

19
4 Keyboard Controls
Al l t he fu nc t io n s of t h e Fa c it N 4 00 0 a re
controlled from a small keyboard located on the
control panel. A digital readout consisting of
four 7-segment displays is located above the
keyboard.
Each key (except the <0> key) has two functions.
In normal use the upp e r f u nc t io ns ( pr i nt ed o n th e
keys) are applicable, and the display shows the
operating status of the unit.
When the <PRGR> key is depressed, the unit enters
the Program mode, and the lower function of each
key then applies. The keyboard is used to enter
numeric programming data, and the display shows
the Program mode values. Programming is described
in section 5.
The keyboard functions in normal use are explained
in the following tables. Most of the keys operate
only with the unit Off-line, and some keys are
functional only when the tape reader is present.
When the mains supply is initially switched on,
the unit goes Off-line, and OFF appears in the
display.
FEED CODE
8
COPY
9
START
EXIT
7 »
ON L
u
OFFL
5
PROG
6
-
STOP
*
( ^
FF FB TEST
12
^ ' 30
» * A
Fig. 4.1 Keyboard and Display

20
4.1 Key Functions (Facit N4000 punch)
The keys described in Table 4.1 have functions
only when the unit is Off-line. When On-line, the
only functional key is the <0FF L> key (Table
4.2). The display shows the function initiated by
each key when depressed.
KEY DISPLAY FUNCTION
FEEd Feed holes are punched in the blank
tape while the key is depressed.
FEED
CODE EndE Both code and feed holes are punched
in the blank tape while the key is
depressed.
ON L L mE When this key is depressed and released,
the unit goes On-line and can commu
nicate with externally connected
equipment via the I/O ports.
PRGR Pro9 When this key is depressed and released,
the unit enters the Program Mode (see
section 5). The lower functions of all
keys now apply.
tE5b When this key is depressed and released,
the unit enters a comprehensive self-test
mode (see section 8).
TEST
Table 4.1 Key Functions in Off-line Mode
KEY DISPLAY FUNCTION
DFF When this key is depressed and released,
the unit goes Off-line and is discon
nected from the external equipment.
OFF L
Table 4.2 Key Function in On-line Mode

21
4.2 Key Functions (Facit N4000 Reader/Punch
Combination)
The key functions already described in Tables 4.1
and 4.2 apply also to the Facit N4000 Reader/Punch
Combination. The remaining keys allow control of
the reader and are described in Tables 4.3 and
4.4.
KEY DISPLAY FUNCTION
FF FF Tape in the Reader feeds forward while
the key is depressed. Reading of data
is inhibited.
FB Fh Tape in the Reader feeds backwards
while the key is depressed. Reading of
data is inhibited.
COPY EdPH The punch and reader combination
enters the Copy mode. A tape in the
reader will be directly copied by the
punch when the [START] key is
depressed (see below).
START EdPH When this key is depressed and released
in Copy mode, the Reader and Punch
both start. A tape in the reader is
directly copied by punch in accordance
with the punch programming (see
section 5).
STOP EdPH When this key is depressed and released
while in Copy mode, the Reader stops.
The Punch continues until the buffer is
empty.
Table 4.3 Key Functions in Off-line Mode (Reader)
KEY DISPLAY FUNCTION
STARTl
iL inE When this key is depressed and released,
the Reader starts and data from the
tape is read and transmitted via the
channel 1 I/O port.
STOP L mE When this key is depressed and released,
the Reader stops.
Table 4.4 Key Functions in On-line Mode (Reader)

23
5 Program Mode
The complete range of data handling and
interfacing parameters is software controlled by
entries made on the keyboard when in the Program
mode. Each parameter is held within its specific
Program mode number, and the display shows the
mode number and the parameter value sequentially.
All parameters are displayed numerically.
The user can select modes either in sequence (mode
1, then mode 2, then mode 3, etc.) or directly,
and can change the associated parameter value if
required.
5.1 Select Nodes in Sequence
After depressing the <PRGR> key to enter the
Program mode, repeatedly depressing the <*> key
will display all modes and their associated
parameter values in sequence.
5.2 Select Mode Directly
After depressing the <PRGR> key and then the <*>
key to enter mode 1, any other required mode can
be selected by depressing the number key(s)
required (modes available are 2 to 14, 30 to 39,
and 50). The display will show the selected mode
number, and depressing the <*> key will then show
the parameter value of that mode.
Note: Mode 1 must always be entered First before
the required mode is selected.
5.3 Change Parameter Value
The unit as supplied has each of the mode
parameters set to a 'default value', which may be
changed to suit individual requirements.
This is done by selecting the required mode and
depressing the <*> key to display the parameter
value. The new required value may then be keyed in
directly; the display then shows the new value.
Further modes can now be selected as previously
described.