Fortinet FortiGate FortiGate-60M Instruction Manual

FortiGate 60M Administration Guide
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FortiGate-60M Administration Guide
Version 2.80 MR7
17 December 2004
01-28007-0144-20041217

© Copyright 2004 Fortinet Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication including text, examples, diagrams or illustrations may be reproduced,
transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical or
otherwise, for any purpose, without prior written permission of Fortinet Inc.
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide
Version 2.80 MR7
17 December 2004
01-28007-0144-20041217
Trademarks
Products mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.
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DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS.
For technical support, please visit http://www.fortinet.com.
Send information about errors or omissions in this document or any Fortinet technical documentation to
[e-mail].

Contents
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide 01-28007-0144-20041217 3
Table of Contents
Introduction.......................................................................................................... 13
About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls................................................................................... 13
Antivirus protection ....................................................................................................... 14
Web content filtering ..................................................................................................... 14
Spam filtering ................................................................................................................ 15
Firewall.......................................................................................................................... 15
VLANs and virtual domains........................................................................................... 17
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)................................................................................ 17
VPN............................................................................................................................... 17
High availability ............................................................................................................. 18
Secure installation, configuration, and management .................................................... 19
Document conventions ..................................................................................................... 20
FortiGate documentation .................................................................................................. 22
Fortinet Knowledge Center ........................................................................................... 22
Comments on Fortinet technical documentation........................................................... 22
Related documentation ..................................................................................................... 23
FortiManager documentation ........................................................................................ 23
FortiClient documentation ............................................................................................. 23
FortiMail documentation................................................................................................ 23
FortiLog documentation ................................................................................................ 24
Customer service and technical support........................................................................... 24
System status....................................................................................................... 25
Console access................................................................................................................. 25
Status................................................................................................................................ 26
Viewing system status .................................................................................................. 26
Changing unit information ............................................................................................. 29
Session list........................................................................................................................ 32
Changing the FortiGate firmware...................................................................................... 33
Upgrading to a new firmware version ........................................................................... 33
Reverting to a previous firmware version...................................................................... 35
Installing firmware images from a system reboot using the CLI ................................... 38
Testing a new firmware image before installing it ......................................................... 41
System network ................................................................................................... 45
Interface............................................................................................................................ 45
Interface settings........................................................................................................... 46
Configuring interfaces ................................................................................................... 51
Zone.................................................................................................................................. 56
Zone settings ................................................................................................................ 56
Management..................................................................................................................... 57

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DNS .................................................................................................................................. 59
Routing table (Transparent Mode).................................................................................... 60
Routing table list ........................................................................................................... 60
Transparent mode route settings .................................................................................. 60
Configuring the modem interface...................................................................................... 61
Configuring modem settings ......................................................................................... 61
Connecting and disconnecting the modem................................................................... 62
Backup mode configuration .......................................................................................... 63
Standalone mode configuration .................................................................................... 64
Adding firewall policies for modem connections ........................................................... 64
VLAN overview ................................................................................................................. 65
FortiGate units and VLANs ........................................................................................... 66
VLANs in NAT/Route mode .............................................................................................. 66
Rules for VLAN IDs....................................................................................................... 66
Rules for VLAN IP addresses ....................................................................................... 66
Adding VLAN subinterfaces .......................................................................................... 67
VLANs in Transparent mode............................................................................................. 68
Rules for VLAN IDs....................................................................................................... 70
Transparent mode virtual domains and VLANs ............................................................ 70
Transparent mode VLAN list......................................................................................... 71
Transparent mode VLAN settings................................................................................. 71
FortiGate IPv6 support...................................................................................................... 73
System DHCP ....................................................................................................... 75
Service.............................................................................................................................. 75
DHCP service settings .................................................................................................. 76
Server ............................................................................................................................... 77
DHCP server settings ................................................................................................... 78
Exclude range................................................................................................................... 79
DHCP exclude range settings....................................................................................... 80
IP/MAC binding................................................................................................................. 80
DHCP IP/MAC binding settings .................................................................................... 81
Dynamic IP........................................................................................................................ 81
System config ...................................................................................................... 83
System time ...................................................................................................................... 83
Options.............................................................................................................................. 84
HA..................................................................................................................................... 86
HA configuration ........................................................................................................... 87
Configuring an HA cluster ............................................................................................. 92
Managing an HA cluster................................................................................................ 96

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SNMP................................................................................................................................ 99
Configuring SNMP ...................................................................................................... 100
SNMP community ....................................................................................................... 101
FortiGate MIBs............................................................................................................ 103
FortiGate traps ............................................................................................................ 104
Fortinet MIB fields ....................................................................................................... 105
Replacement messages ................................................................................................. 108
Replacement messages list ........................................................................................ 108
Changing replacement messages .............................................................................. 109
FortiManager................................................................................................................... 110
System administration ...................................................................................... 111
Administrators................................................................................................................. 111
Administrators list........................................................................................................ 112
Administrators options ................................................................................................ 112
Access profiles................................................................................................................ 113
Access profile list ........................................................................................................ 114
Access profile options ................................................................................................. 114
System maintenance ......................................................................................... 117
Backup and restore......................................................................................................... 117
Backing up and Restoring........................................................................................... 118
Update center ................................................................................................................. 120
Updating antivirus and attack definitions .................................................................... 122
Enabling push updates ............................................................................................... 125
Support ........................................................................................................................... 127
Sending a bug report .................................................................................................. 128
Registering a FortiGate unit ........................................................................................ 129
Shutdown........................................................................................................................ 131
System virtual domain....................................................................................... 133
Virtual domain properties................................................................................................ 134
Exclusive virtual domain properties ............................................................................ 134
Shared configuration settings ..................................................................................... 135
Administration and management ................................................................................ 136
Virtual domains ............................................................................................................... 136
Adding a virtual domain .............................................................................................. 137
Selecting a virtual domain........................................................................................... 137
Selecting a management virtual domain..................................................................... 137
Configuring virtual domains ............................................................................................ 138
Adding interfaces, VLAN subinterfaces, and zones to a virtual domain ..................... 138
Configuring routing for a virtual domain ...................................................................... 140
Configuring firewall policies for a virtual domain......................................................... 140
Configuring IPSec VPN for a virtual domain ............................................................... 142

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Router ................................................................................................................. 143
Static............................................................................................................................... 143
Static route list ............................................................................................................ 145
Static route options ..................................................................................................... 146
Policy .............................................................................................................................. 147
Policy route list............................................................................................................ 147
Policy route options..................................................................................................... 148
RIP.................................................................................................................................. 148
General ....................................................................................................................... 149
Networks list................................................................................................................ 150
Networks options ........................................................................................................ 151
Interface list................................................................................................................. 151
Interface options ......................................................................................................... 152
Distribute list ............................................................................................................... 153
Distribute list options................................................................................................... 154
Offset list ..................................................................................................................... 155
Offset list options ........................................................................................................ 155
Router objects................................................................................................................. 156
Access list ................................................................................................................... 156
New access list ........................................................................................................... 156
New access list entry .................................................................................................. 157
Prefix list ..................................................................................................................... 157
New Prefix list ............................................................................................................. 158
New prefix list entry..................................................................................................... 159
Route-map list............................................................................................................. 159
New Route-map .......................................................................................................... 160
Route-map list entry.................................................................................................... 161
Key chain list............................................................................................................... 162
New key chain............................................................................................................. 162
Key chain list entry...................................................................................................... 163
Monitor............................................................................................................................ 164
Routing monitor list ..................................................................................................... 164
CLI configuration............................................................................................................. 165
get router info ospf ...................................................................................................... 165
get router info protocols .............................................................................................. 165
get router info rip......................................................................................................... 166
config router ospf ....................................................................................................... 166
config router static6..................................................................................................... 189

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Firewall................................................................................................................ 191
Policy .............................................................................................................................. 192
How policy matching works......................................................................................... 192
Policy list ..................................................................................................................... 193
Policy options.............................................................................................................. 193
Advanced policy options ............................................................................................. 196
Configuring firewall policies ........................................................................................ 198
Policy CLI configuration .............................................................................................. 199
Address........................................................................................................................... 200
Address list ................................................................................................................. 201
Address options .......................................................................................................... 201
Configuring addresses ................................................................................................ 202
Address group list ....................................................................................................... 203
Address group options ................................................................................................ 203
Configuring address groups........................................................................................ 204
Service............................................................................................................................ 205
Predefined service list................................................................................................. 205
Custom service list...................................................................................................... 208
Custom service options............................................................................................... 209
Configuring custom services....................................................................................... 210
Service group list ........................................................................................................ 211
Service group options ................................................................................................. 211
Configuring service groups ......................................................................................... 212
Schedule......................................................................................................................... 213
One-time schedule list ................................................................................................ 213
One-time schedule options ......................................................................................... 214
Configuring one-time schedules ................................................................................. 214
Recurring schedule list................................................................................................ 215
Recurring schedule options ........................................................................................ 215
Configuring recurring schedules ................................................................................. 216
Virtual IP ......................................................................................................................... 216
Virtual IP list ................................................................................................................ 217
Virtual IP options......................................................................................................... 217
Configuring virtual IPs................................................................................................. 218
IP pool............................................................................................................................. 221
IP pool list ................................................................................................................... 222
IP pool options ............................................................................................................ 222
Configuring IP pools.................................................................................................... 222
IP Pools for firewall policies that use fixed ports......................................................... 223
IP pools and dynamic NAT ......................................................................................... 223

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Protection profile............................................................................................................. 224
Protection profile list.................................................................................................... 224
Default protection profiles ........................................................................................... 225
Protection profile options ............................................................................................ 225
Configuring protection profiles .................................................................................... 230
Profile CLI configuration.............................................................................................. 231
Users and authentication .................................................................................. 235
Setting authentication timeout......................................................................................... 236
Local ............................................................................................................................... 236
Local user list .............................................................................................................. 236
Local user options....................................................................................................... 236
RADIUS .......................................................................................................................... 237
RADIUS server list ...................................................................................................... 237
RADIUS server options............................................................................................... 238
LDAP............................................................................................................................... 238
LDAP server list .......................................................................................................... 239
LDAP server options ................................................................................................... 239
User group ...................................................................................................................... 241
User group list............................................................................................................. 241
User group options...................................................................................................... 242
CLI configuration............................................................................................................. 243
peer............................................................................................................................. 243
peergrp........................................................................................................................ 244
VPN...................................................................................................................... 247
Phase 1........................................................................................................................... 248
Phase 1 list ................................................................................................................. 248
Phase 1 basic settings ................................................................................................ 249
Phase 1 advanced settings......................................................................................... 251
Phase 2........................................................................................................................... 252
Phase 2 list ................................................................................................................. 253
Phase 2 basic settings ................................................................................................ 253
Phase 2 advanced options.......................................................................................... 254
Manual key...................................................................................................................... 255
Manual key list ............................................................................................................ 256
Manual key options ..................................................................................................... 257
Concentrator ................................................................................................................... 258
Concentrator list.......................................................................................................... 258
Concentrator options................................................................................................... 259
Ping Generator................................................................................................................ 259
Ping generator options................................................................................................ 260

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Monitor............................................................................................................................ 260
Dialup monitor............................................................................................................. 261
Static IP and dynamic DNS monitor............................................................................ 261
PPTP............................................................................................................................... 262
PPTP range ................................................................................................................ 262
L2TP .............................................................................................................................. 263
L2TP range ................................................................................................................. 263
Certificates...................................................................................................................... 264
Local certificate list...................................................................................................... 264
Certificate request....................................................................................................... 265
Importing signed certificates ...................................................................................... 266
CA certificate list ......................................................................................................... 267
Importing CA certificates............................................................................................. 267
VPN configuration procedures........................................................................................ 268
IPSec configuration procedures.................................................................................. 268
PPTP configuration procedures .................................................................................. 270
L2TP configuration procedures................................................................................... 270
CLI configuration............................................................................................................. 271
ipsec phase1............................................................................................................... 271
ipsec phase2............................................................................................................... 273
ipsec vip ...................................................................................................................... 274
IPS ....................................................................................................................... 279
Signature......................................................................................................................... 280
Predefined................................................................................................................... 280
Custom........................................................................................................................ 284
Anomaly.......................................................................................................................... 286
Anomaly CLI configuration.......................................................................................... 289
Configuring IPS logging and alert email.......................................................................... 290
Default fail open setting .................................................................................................. 290
Antivirus ............................................................................................................. 291
File block......................................................................................................................... 292
File block list ............................................................................................................... 293
Configuring the file block list ....................................................................................... 294
Quarantine ...................................................................................................................... 294
Quarantined files list ................................................................................................... 294
Quarantined files list options....................................................................................... 295
AutoSubmit list ............................................................................................................ 296
AutoSubmit list options ............................................................................................... 296
Configuring the AutoSubmit list................................................................................... 296
Config.......................................................................................................................... 297

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Config.............................................................................................................................. 298
Virus list ...................................................................................................................... 298
Config.......................................................................................................................... 298
Grayware .................................................................................................................... 299
Grayware options........................................................................................................ 299
CLI configuration............................................................................................................. 301
config antivirus heuristic.............................................................................................. 301
config antivirus quarantine .......................................................................................... 302
config antivirus service http......................................................................................... 302
config antivirus service ftp........................................................................................... 304
config antivirus service pop3....................................................................................... 306
config antivirus service imap....................................................................................... 307
config antivirus service smtp....................................................................................... 309
Web filter............................................................................................................. 311
Content block.................................................................................................................. 313
Web content block list ................................................................................................. 313
Web content block options.......................................................................................... 313
Configuring the web content block list ........................................................................ 314
URL block ....................................................................................................................... 314
Web URL block list...................................................................................................... 315
Web URL block options .............................................................................................. 315
Configuring the web URL block list ............................................................................. 316
Web pattern block list.................................................................................................. 316
Web pattern block options .......................................................................................... 317
Configuring web pattern block .................................................................................... 317
URL exempt.................................................................................................................... 317
URL exempt list........................................................................................................... 318
URL exempt list options .............................................................................................. 318
Configuring URL exempt............................................................................................. 318
Category block................................................................................................................ 319
FortiGuard managed web filtering service .................................................................. 319
Category block configuration options.......................................................................... 320
Configuring web category block.................................................................................. 321
Category block reports................................................................................................ 321
Category block reports options ................................................................................... 322
Generating a category block report............................................................................. 322
Category block CLI configuration................................................................................ 322
Script filter....................................................................................................................... 323
Web script filter options............................................................................................... 324

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Spam filter .......................................................................................................... 325
FortiShield....................................................................................................................... 327
FortiShield options ...................................................................................................... 328
Configuring the FortiShield cache............................................................................... 328
IP address....................................................................................................................... 329
IP address list ............................................................................................................. 329
IP address options ...................................................................................................... 329
Configuring the IP address list .................................................................................... 330
RBL & ORDBL ................................................................................................................ 330
RBL & ORDBL list....................................................................................................... 331
RBL & ORDBL options................................................................................................ 331
Configuring the RBL & ORDBL list ............................................................................. 331
Email address ................................................................................................................. 332
Email address list........................................................................................................ 332
Email address options................................................................................................. 332
Configuring the email address list............................................................................... 333
MIME headers................................................................................................................. 333
MIME headers list ....................................................................................................... 334
MIME headers options ................................................................................................ 334
Configuring the MIME headers list.............................................................................. 335
Banned word................................................................................................................... 335
Banned word list ......................................................................................................... 336
Banned word options .................................................................................................. 336
Configuring the banned word list ................................................................................ 337
Using Perl regular expressions....................................................................................... 337
Log & Report ...................................................................................................... 341
Log config ....................................................................................................................... 342
Log Setting options ..................................................................................................... 342
Alert E-mail options..................................................................................................... 346
Log filter options.......................................................................................................... 347
Configuring log filters .................................................................................................. 350
Enabling traffic logging................................................................................................ 350
Log access...................................................................................................................... 351
Viewing log messages ................................................................................................ 351
Searching log messages............................................................................................. 353
CLI configuration............................................................................................................. 354
fortilog setting.............................................................................................................. 354
syslogd setting ............................................................................................................ 355
FortiGuard categories ....................................................................................... 359
Glossary ............................................................................................................. 365

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Index .................................................................................................................... 369

FortiGate-60M Administration Guide Version 2.80 MR7
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide 01-28007-0144-20041217 13
Introduction
FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls support network-based deployment of application-level
services, including antivirus protection and full-scan content filtering. FortiGate
Antivirus Firewalls improve network security, reduce network misuse and abuse, and
help you use communications resources more efficiently without compromising the
performance of your network. FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls are ICSA-certified for
firewall, IPSec, and antivirus services.
This chapter introduces you to FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls and the following topics:
•About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls
•Document conventions
•FortiGate documentation
•Related documentation
•Customer service and technical support
About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls
The FortiGate Antivirus Firewall is a dedicated easily managed security device that
delivers a full suite of capabilities that include:
• application-level services such as virus protection and content filtering,
• network-level services such as firewall, intrusion detection, VPN, and traffic
shaping.
The FortiGate Antivirus Firewall uses Fortinet’s Accelerated Behavior and Content
Analysis System (ABACAS™) technology, which leverages breakthroughs in chip
design, networking, security, and content analysis. The unique ASIC-based
architecture analyzes content and behavior in real-time, enabling key applications to
be deployed right at the network edge, where they are most effective at protecting
your networks. The FortiGate series complements existing solutions, such as host-
based antivirus protection, and enables new applications and services while greatly
lowering costs for equipment, administration, and maintenance.

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About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls Introduction
The FortiGate-60M model is ideally suited
for small businesses, remote offices, retail
stores, and broadband telecommuter
sites. The FortiGate-60M Antivirus
Firewall features dual WAN link support
for redundant internet connections, and an integrated 4-port switch that eliminates the
need for an external hub or switch. Networked devices connect directly to the
FortiGate-60M unit.
The FortiGate-60M also supports advanced features such as 802.1Q VLANs, virtual
domains, high availability (HA), and the RIP and OSPF routing protocols.
Antivirus protection
FortiGate ICSA-certified antivirus protection scans web (HTTP), file transfer (FTP),
and email (SMTP, POP3, and IMAP) content as it passes through the FortiGate unit.
FortiGate antivirus protection uses pattern matching and heuristics to find viruses. If a
virus is found, antivirus protection removes the file containing the virus from the
content stream and forwards a replacement message to the intended recipient.
For extra protection, you can configure antivirus protection to block specified file types
from passing through the FortiGate unit. You can use the feature to stop files that
might contain new viruses.
FortiGate antivirus protection can also identify and remove known grayware
programs. Grayware programs are usually unsolicited commercial software programs
that get installed on PCs, often without the user’s consent or knowledge. Grayware
programs are generally considered an annoyance, but these programs can cause
system performance problems or be used for malicious means.
If the FortiGate unit contains a hard disk, infected or blocked files and grayware files
can be quarantined. The FortiGate administrator can download quarantined files so
that they can be virus scanned, cleaned, and forwarded to the intended recipient. You
can also configure the FortiGate unit to automatically delete quarantined files after a
specified time.
The FortiGate unit can send email alerts to system administrators when it detects and
removes a virus from a content stream. The web and email content can be in normal
network traffic or encrypted IPSec VPN traffic.
ICSA Labs has certified that FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls:
• detect 100% of the viruses listed in the current In The Wild List (www.wildlist.org),
• detect viruses in compressed files using the PKZip format,
• detect viruses in email that has been encoded using uuencode format,
• detect viruses in email that has been encoded using MIME encoding,
• log all actions taken while scanning.
Web content filtering
FortiGate web content filtering can scan all HTTP content protocol streams for URLs,
URL patterns, and web page content. If there is a match between a URL on the URL
block list, or a web page contains a word or phrase that is in the content block list, the
FortiGate unit blocks the web page. The blocked web page is replaced with a
message that you can edit using the FortiGate web-based manager.
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Introduction About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide 01-28007-0144-20041217 15
FortiGate web content filtering also supports FortiGuard web category blocking. Using
web category blocking you can restrict or allow access to web pages based on
content ratings of web pages.
You can configure URL blocking to block all or some of the pages on a web site. Using
this feature, you can deny access to parts of a web site without denying access to it
completely.
To prevent unintentionally blocking legitimate web pages, you can add URLs to an
exempt list that overrides the URL blocking and content blocking lists. The exempt list
also exempts web traffic this address from virus scanning.
Web content filtering also includes a script filter feature that can block unsecure web
content such as Java applets, cookies, and ActiveX.
Spam filtering
FortiGate spam filtering can scan all POP3, SMTP, and IMAP email content for spam.
You can configure spam filtering to filter mail according to IP address, email address,
mime headers, and content. Mail messages can be identified as spam or clear.
You can also add the names of known Real-time Blackhole List (RBL) and Open
Relay Database List (ORDBL) servers. These services contain lists of known spam
sources.
If an email message is found to be spam, the FortiGate adds an email tag to the
subject line of the email. The recipient can use the mail client software to filter
messages based on the email tag. Spam filtering can also be configured to delete
SMTP email messages identified as spam.
Firewall
The FortiGate ICSA-certified firewall protects your computer networks from Internet
threats. ICSA has granted FortiGate firewalls version 4.0 firewall certification,
providing assurance that FortiGate firewalls successfully screen and secure corporate
networks against a range of threats from public or other untrusted networks.
After basic installation of the FortiGate unit, the firewall allows users on the protected
network to access the Internet while blocking Internet access to internal networks.
You can configure the firewall to put controls on access to the Internet from the
protected networks and to allow controlled access to internal networks.

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About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls Introduction
FortiGate policies include a range of options that:
• control all incoming and outgoing network traffic,
• control encrypted VPN traffic,
• apply antivirus protection and web content filtering,
• block or allow access for all policy options,
• control when individual policies are in effect,
• accept or deny traffic to and from individual addresses,
• control standard and user defined network services individually or in groups,
• require users to authenticate before gaining access,
• include traffic shaping to set access priorities and guarantee or limit bandwidth for
each policy,
• include logging to track connections for individual policies,
• include Network Address Translation (NAT) mode and Route mode policies,
• include mixed NAT and Route mode policies.
The FortiGate firewall can operate in NAT/Route mode or Transparent mode.
NAT/Route mode
In NAT/Route mode, the FortiGate unit is a Layer 3 device. This means that each of its
interfaces is associated with a different IP subnet and that it appears to other devices
as a router. This is how a firewall is normally deployed.
In NAT/Route mode, you can create NAT mode policies and Route mode policies.
• NAT mode policies use network address translation to hide the addresses in a
more secure network from users in a less secure network.
• Route mode policies accept or deny connections between networks without
performing address translation.
Transparent mode
In Transparent mode, the FortiGate unit does not change the Layer 3 topology. This
means that all of its interfaces are on the same IP subnet and that it appears to other
devices as a bridge. Typically, the FortiGate unit is deployed in Transparent mode to
provide antivirus and content filtering behind an existing firewall solution.
Transparent mode provides the same basic firewall protection as NAT mode. The
FortiGate unit passes or blocks the packets it receives according to firewall policies.
The FortiGate unit can be inserted in the network at any point without having to make
changes to your network or its components. However, some advanced firewall
features are available only in NAT/Route mode.

Introduction About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide 01-28007-0144-20041217 17
VLANs and virtual domains
Fortigate Antivirus Firewalls support IEEE 802.1Q-compliant virtual LAN (VLAN) tags.
Using VLAN technology, a single FortiGate unit can provide security services to, and
control connections between, multiple security domains according to the VLAN IDs
added to VLAN packets. The FortiGate unit can recognize VLAN IDs and apply
security policies to secure network and IPSec VPN traffic between each security
domain. The FortiGate unit can also apply authentication, content filtering, and
antivirus protection to VLAN-tagged network and VPN traffic.
The FortiGate unit supports VLANs in NAT/Route and Transparent mode. In
NAT/Route mode, you enter VLAN subinterfaces to receive and send VLAN packets.
FortiGate virtual domains provide multiple logical firewalls and routers in a single
FortiGate unit. Using virtual domains, one FortiGate unit can provide exclusive firewall
and routing services to multiple networks so that traffic from each network is
effectively separated from every other network.
You can develop and manage interfaces, VLAN subinterfaces, zones, firewall policies,
routing, and VPN configuration for each virtual domain separately. For these
configuration settings, each virtual domain is functionally similar to a single FortiGate
unit. This separation simplifies configuration because you do not have to manage as
many routes or firewall policies at one time.
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)
The FortiGate Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) combines signature and anomaly
based intrusion detection and prevention. The FortiGate unit can record suspicious
traffic in logs, can send alert email to system administrators, and can log, pass, drop,
reset, or clear suspicious packets or sessions. Both the IPS predefined signatures and
the IPS engine are upgradeable through the FortiProtect Distribution Network (FDN).
You can also create custom signatures.
VPN
Using FortiGate virtual private networking (VPN), you can provide a secure
connection between widely separated office networks or securely link telecommuters
or travellers to an office network.

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About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls Introduction
FortiGate VPN features include the following:
• Industry standard and ICSA-certified IPSec VPN, including:
• IPSec VPN in NAT/Route and Transparent mode,
• IPSec, ESP security in tunnel mode,
• DES, 3DES (triple-DES), and AES hardware accelerated encryption,
• HMAC MD5 and HMAC SHA1 authentication and data integrity,
• AutoIKE key based on pre-shared key tunnels,
• IPSec VPN using local or CA certificates,
• Manual Keys tunnels,
• Diffie-Hellman groups 1, 2, and 5,
• Aggressive and Main Mode,
• Replay Detection,
• Perfect Forward Secrecy,
• XAuth authentication,
• Dead peer detection,
• DHCP over IPSec,
• Secure Internet browsing.
• PPTP for easy connectivity with the VPN standard supported by the most popular
operating systems.
• L2TP for easy connectivity with a more secure VPN standard, also supported by
many popular operating systems.
• Firewall policy based control of IPSec VPN traffic.
• IPSec NAT traversal so that remote IPSec VPN gateways or clients behind a NAT
can connect to an IPSec VPN tunnel.
• VPN hub and spoke using a VPN concentrator to allow VPN traffic to pass from
one tunnel to another through the FortiGate unit.
• IPSec Redundancy to create a redundant AutoIKE key IPSec VPN connection to a
remote network.
High availability
Fortinet achieves high availability (HA) using redundant hardware and the FortiGate
Clustering Protocol (FGCP). Each FortiGate unit in an HA cluster enforces the same
overall security policy and shares the same configuration settings. You can add up to
32 FortiGate units to an HA cluster. Each FortiGate unit in an HA cluster must be the
same model and must be running the same FortiOS firmware image.
FortiGate HA supports link redundancy and device redundancy.
FortiGate units can be configured to operate in active-passive (A-P) or active-active
(A-A) HA mode. Active-active and active-passive clusters can run in either NAT/Route
or Transparent mode.
An active-passive (A-P) HA cluster, also referred to as hot standby HA, consists of a
primary FortiGate unit that processes traffic, and one or more subordinate FortiGate
units. The subordinate FortiGate units are connected to the network and to the
primary FortiGate unit but do not process traffic.

Introduction About FortiGate Antivirus Firewalls
FortiGate-60M Administration Guide 01-28007-0144-20041217 19
Active-active (A-A) HA load balances virus scanning among all the FortiGate units in
the cluster. An active-active HA cluster consists of a primary FortiGate unit that
processes traffic and one or more secondary units that also process traffic. The
primary FortiGate unit uses a load balancing algorithm to distribute virus scanning to
all the FortiGate units in the HA cluster.
Secure installation, configuration, and management
The first time you power on the FortiGate unit, it is already configured with default IP
addresses and security policies. Connect to the web-based manager, set the
operating mode, and use the Setup wizard to customize FortiGate IP addresses for
your network, and the FortiGate unit is ready to protect your network. You can then
use the web-based manager to customize advanced FortiGate features.
You can also create a basic configuration using the FortiGate command line interface
(CLI).
Web-based manager
Using HTTP or a secure HTTPS connection from any computer running Internet
Explorer, you can configure and manage the FortiGate unit. The web-based manager
supports multiple languages. You can configure the FortiGate unit for HTTP and
HTTPS administration from any FortiGate interface.
You can use the web-based manager to configure most FortiGate settings. You can
also use the web-based manager to monitor the status of the FortiGate unit.
Configuration changes made using the web-based manager are effective immediately
without resetting the firewall or interrupting service. Once you are satisfied with a
configuration, you can download and save it. The saved configuration can be restored
at any time.
Command line interface
You can access the FortiGate command line interface (CLI) by connecting a
management computer serial port to the FortiGate RS-232 serial console connector.
You can also use Telnet or a secure SSH connection to connect to the CLI from any
network that is connected to the FortiGate unit, including the Internet.
The CLI supports the same configuration and monitoring functionality as the
web-based manager. In addition, you can use the CLI for advanced configuration
options that are not available from the web-based manager.
This Administration Guide contains information about basic and advanced CLI
commands. For a more complete description about connecting to and using the
FortiGate CLI, see the FortiGate CLI Reference Guide.

20 01-28007-0144-20041217 Fortinet Inc.
Document conventions Introduction
Logging and reporting
The FortiGate unit supports logging for various categories of traffic and configuration
changes. You can configure logging to:
• report traffic that connects to the firewall,
• report network services used,
• report traffic that was permitted by firewall policies,
• report traffic that was denied by firewall policies,
• report events such as configuration changes and other management events,
IPSec tunnel negotiation, virus detection, attacks, and web page blocking,
• report attacks detected by the IPS,
• send alert email to system administrators to report virus incidents, intrusions, and
firewall or VPN events or violations.
Logs can be sent to a remote syslog server or a WebTrends NetIQ Security Reporting
Center and Firewall Suite server using the WebTrends enhanced log format. Some
models can also save logs to an optional internal hard drive. If a hard drive is not
installed, you can configure most FortiGate units to log the most recent events and
attacks detected by the IPS to the system memory.
Document conventions
This guide uses the following conventions to describe CLI command syntax.
• Angle brackets < > to indicate variables.
For example:
execute restore config <filename_str>
You enter:
execute restore config myfile.bak
<xxx_str> indicates an ASCII string that does not contain new-lines or carriage
returns.
<xxx_integer> indicates an integer string that is a decimal (base 10) number.
<xxx_octet> indicates a hexadecimal string that uses the digits 0-9 and letters
A-F.
<xxx_ipv4> indicates a dotted decimal IPv4 address.
<xxx_v4mask> indicates a dotted decimal IPv4 netmask.
<xxx_ipv4mask> indicates a dotted decimal IPv4 address followed by a dotted
decimal IPv4 netmask.
<xxx_ipv6> indicates a dotted decimal IPv6 address.
<xxx_v6mask> indicates a dotted decimal IPv6 netmask.
<xxx_ipv6mask> indicates a dotted decimal IPv6 address followed by a dotted
decimal IPv6 netmask.