Gakken Stirling engine Operating instructions

InstructionsforAssemblingandOperating
STIRINGENGINE
OtonanoKagaku
TheSophisticatedScienceKitforAdults
Thefollowingisthe
mechanismofStirling
engines.
②Whenthepiston
reachestothegear
side,thehotairis
pushedtothecold
sideandgetcold.
③Thecontractionof
airbringsthepiston
backtothehotside.
④Coolairispushed
bythepistontothe
hotsideand
expands.
(Returnto①)
①Thethermal
expansionofair
pushesthepistonto
thegearside.
35
Figure ー
Theendoftheengine
hasremainingheat
aftertheexperiment.
Makesureit
becomescold
enoughbeforeyou
putitaway.
35
Afterthe
experiment.
①
②
③
④
※Caution!
Thispartremainshot.
coldside
displacer
piston
hot
side
gear
1
2
3
HowdoStirlingEngineswork?
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.

32
The Stirling engine was invented by Robert Stirling (1790-1878) from Scotland, U.K who was an engineer and minister. He
invented this external combustion engine in 1816 because the steam engine, which was in its heydays then, incur casualties
repeatedly caused by the boiler explosion and he was pained at it. Around 1850, the Sterling engine was used for as many usages
as the steam engine was used for. However, since the gasoline engine is invented and diffused rapidly, the Sterling engine faded
out of the history. It is spotlighted again at the oil crisis in1973. It attracts attention because of the high theoretical value of
thermal efficiency and also because this external combustion engine has no limitation of heat source. As further research has
done, it is aimed to be used practically in various fields such as usage in space with solar energy and so forth.
Enjoy assembling and experiment to understand the basics of thermodynamics. You can try three kinds of experiments, namely,
the generator, the fan, and the car.
It takes about three hours to assemble. You don't need any special tool. (Size AA batteries to adjust the engine and alcohol fuel
are not included in the kit.) Please follow this instruction booklet when you assemble.
Warning ★ Fire is used for the experiment. Use great caution to avoid a burn and fire.
Do not let a 15 or less-year-old child experiment alone.
● The plastic materials used in this kit ●
gear (black) : POM piston cover, bearings, gauge (black) : ABS resin battery box (black) : polypropylene
screwdriver handle : polyethylene small bags : polyethylene
● The metallic materials used in this kit ●
main body parts and stand : aluminum displacer: iron pipes : brass flywheel and regenerator: copper
screws : nickel-plated iron
＊Vinyl chloride resin is used for the covers of the lead wires.
＊disposing of the kit, please follow the recycling regulations in your area.
CAUTION! ★Please read the following instructions before using this kit.
● Use this kit for the original purpose only.
● Use caution when handling the glass cylinder. A piece of broken glass may cause injury.
● Fire is used for the experiment. Use great caution against a burn and fire.
● To avoid danger of a burn, never touch the glass cylinder while the engine is running.
● The glass cylinder remains hot for a while after the experiment. Do not touch it to avoid danger of a burn.
When touching, make sure it gets cold enough.
● Use caution when handling any metallic parts. Improper use may cause injury.
● To avoid danger of suffocation, do not swallow small parts such as screws.
● To avoid danger of injury, do not point your hands and eyes with the screwdriver and the like in this kit.
● To avoid danger of traffic accident, do not operate the machine on the road.
● To avoid danger of electric shock, do not insert lead wires into an electric socket.
★ Please read the assembly instructions and cautions in this booklet carefully before using this kit.
Do not use any materials that have become damaged or deformed while in use.
★ Keep the kit away from small children when not using.
Contents and Cautions ………………2
Stirling Engine…………………………3
Before Assembling the Kit ………… 4
1. Assembling the Stand …………… 5
2. Attaching Wheels to the Body……7
3. Attaching the Cylinder to the Body
………………………8
4. Assembling the Lever Part………10
5. Assembling the Piston Part …… 11
CONTENTS
Warning ★ Fire is used for the experiment. Use great caution to avoid a burn and
fire. Do not let a 15 or less-year-old child experiment alone.
Two size AA batteries are required. Improper use of the batteries may cause the generation of heat, explosions or leaks. The following
precautions should be taken:
● Do not use rechargeable batteries, such as nickel cadmium batteries, and oxyride batteries.
● Ensure that the positive and negative terminals on the batteries are facing the right way.
● Do not use used batteries and new batteries together and do not mingle more than two kinds of batteries.
● Do not short-circuit, recharge, break up or put the batteries in a fire.
● Remove the batteries when not using for a long time.
6. Attaching the Safety Covers………16
7. Starting the Engine with the Alcohol
lamp …………………………………19
8. Making Experiments of the
Generator, the Fan and the Car … 20
Trouble Shooting Stirling Engine……22
Attaching Non-Slip Cover
to the Four Corners of the Stand
& Making Your Own Displacer… 23
STIRINGENGINE
OtonanoKagaku

1
2
3
※Checkthelength
ofscrewswiththis
diagram.
One7mm
bush

Fifteen6mm
screws
A1stand A8alcoholtray A10
wickholder
A9alcoholholder

TwoA2bodyholders A3bodyholder

A5safetylever

A6arm
A7armpart
A4bodyholder
screw(6mm)
bush(7mm)
crosssectionofthesafety
leverandthearm
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
A1stand

A5safetylever
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
A6arm
A7
armpart
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
bush(7mm)
bush(7mm)
A7armpart
A6arm
A5safetylever
A6
A7
A5
bush
(7mm)
screw
(6mm)
screw
(6mm)
1AssemblingtheStandBeforeAssemblingtheKit
1.Understandingtherightdirection
2.
HowtoUseSuppliedTools
●wrench
●smallnutwrench
Thedirectionismentionedintheinstructions.Checktherightdirectionwiththepicturebelow.
Thewrenchcanbeusednotonlyfor
tighteninganutbutalsofortightening
screwsasshownintherightfigure.
Itisusedtofastentheconnecting
rodatfigure-18onp.13.
●screwdriver(cross-headedtip)
Thescrewdrivercanbeusednot
onlyfortighteningascrewbutalso
fortighteninganutasshowninthe
rightfigure.
※ Pleasenotethatshapesandlengthofmaterialsmayappearslightlydifferentfrompicturesandillustrationsinthisbooklet.
nut
Howtousethe
screwdriver
(cross-headedtip)
Turn.
therightpart
(thefront)
theleftpart
thehinder
part
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
1
Figure ー
AttachtheA5safety
levertotheA1stand
with6mmscrews.
Then,attachtheA6
armtotheA5safety
lever,putinthebush
andfastenwiththe
A7armpart.
1Attachthearmtothesafetylever.
thefore
part

Howtousethewrench
whentighteningscrews
Putthethinpart
ofthewrenchat
aslotofthescrew
tofix.
Turn.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
A
Partstobeused
1
2
3
※Checkthelength
ofscrewswiththis
diagram.
One7mm
bush

Fifteen6mm
screws
A1stand A8alcoholtray A10
wickholder
A9alcoholholder

TwoA2bodyholders A3bodyholder

A5safetylever

A6arm
A7armpart
A4bodyholder
screw(6mm)
bush(7mm)
crosssectionofthesafety
leverandthearm
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
A1stand

A5safetylever
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
A6arm
A7
armpart
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
bush(7mm)
bush(7mm)
A7armpart
A6arm
A5safetylever
A6
A7
A5
bush
(7mm)
screw
(6mm)
screw
(6mm)
1AssemblingtheStandBeforeAssemblingtheKit
1.Understandingtherightdirection
2.
HowtoUseSuppliedTools
●wrench
●smallnutwrench
Thedirectionismentionedintheinstructions.Checktherightdirectionwiththepicturebelow.
Thewrenchcanbeusednotonlyfor
tighteninganutbutalsofortightening
screwsasshownintherightfigure.
Itisusedtofastentheconnecting
rodatfigure-18onp.13.
●screwdriver(cross-headedtip)
Thescrewdrivercanbeusednot
onlyfortighteningascrewbutalso
fortighteninganutasshowninthe
rightfigure.
※ Pleasenotethatshapesandlengthofmaterialsmayappearslightlydifferentfrompicturesandillustrationsinthisbooklet.
nut
Howtousethe
screwdriver
(cross-headedtip)
Turn.
therightpart
(thefront)
theleftpart
thehinder
part
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
1
Figure ー
AttachtheA5safety
levertotheA1stand
with6mmscrews.
Then,attachtheA6
armtotheA5safety
lever,putinthebush
andfastenwiththe
A7armpart.
1Attachthearmtothesafetylever.
thefore
part

Howtousethewrench
whentighteningscrews
Putthethinpart
ofthewrenchat
aslotofthescrew
tofix.
Turn.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
A
Partstobeused
4 5

A1stand

A3bodyholder
A4bodyholder
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
screw
(6mm)
screw(6mm) screw(6mm)
A2bodyholder
A2bodyholder
A1stand

A9alcoholholder
screw(6mm) screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
4
Figure ー
①
PutfourB4tiresonthe
B2frontwheelsandthe
B3rearwheels.
② Attachthefrontwheels
totheB5frontwheel
holderwithhexagon
screws(10mm).
③ Attachtherearwheels
totheB7rearwheelshaft
withhexagonscrews
(4mm).
4Assemblethewheels.
One6mm
largenut
Two4mm
hexagonscrews
※Theseareforthe
rearwheels.
Two10mm
hexagonscrews
※Theseareforthe
frontwheels.
One
7mmbush
One
9mmspring
※Checkthelengthofscrews
withthesediagrams.
Two6mm
screws
One18mm
screws
Two7mm
acrosswashers
One8mm
acrosswasher
4mmhexagonscrews
※Thesearefortherearwheels.
10mmhexagonscrews
※
Theseareforthefrontwheels.
B1body
TwoB2
frontwheels TwoB3
rearwheels
FourB4tires
B5frontwheelholder

TwoB6
rearwheelholders
B7
rearwheelshaft
①
②frontwheels
(withbigholes)
③rearwheels
(withsmallholes)
B4tire
hexagonscrews
(10mm)
hexagon
screws
(4mm)
hexagon
screws
(4mm)
B7rearwheelshaft
B5frontwheelholder
Thewidthofthe
insideprojection
is4mm.
Thewidthofthe
insideprojection
is4mm.
Thewidth
ofthe
outside
projection
is2.5mm. Thewidthofthe
outsideprojection
is2.5mm.
hexagon
screws
(10mm)
Thewidthofthe
outsideprojection
is2.5mm.
A10wickholder
A8alcoholtray
A9alcoholholder
※Checkthedifferenceinthesizeofthe
shaftholebetweenthefrontwheels
andtherearwheels.
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
2AttachingWheelstotheBody
B
2
Figure ー
FastentheA2,the
A3andtheA4body
holderswithscrews
(6mm).
2Attachthebodyholdingparts.
3
Figure ー
①AttachtheA10
wickholdertotheA9
alcoholholderand
setthemontheA8
alcoholtray.(Rollthe
wickandputitinthe
alcoholtray.Donot
fillthefuelalcohol
untiljustbeforethe
experiment.)
②Fastenthealcohol
lamptotheA1stand
withscrews(6mm).
3Assemblethealcohollamp
andattachittotheA1stand.
①
②
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
Partstobeused
76

thehinderpart
※Checkthelengthofscrews
withthesediagrams.
Four6mm
screws

Two26mm
screws
Two30mm
screws

C5
15.5mmspring
C1cylinder

C3slidingbase

C4cylinderholder
TwoC2cylindersupports
theforepart
thehinder
part
B6rearwheelholders
B3rearwheel
B1body
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)

screw(18mm)

B1body
thehinderpart
theforepart
B2frontwheels
nut(large6mm)
washer
(7mmindiameter)

spring(9mm)
washer
(8mmindiameter)
bush(7mm)
washer(7mmindiameter)
screw(18mm)
B1
B5
screw
(18mm)
washers
(7mmindiameter)
washers
(8mmindiameter)

nut(large6mm)
bush
(7mm)
screw(6mm) screw(18mm)
bush(7mm) spring(9mm)

washer
(7mmindiameter)
nut
(large6mm)
washer
(8mmindiameter)
B1body

B1body
B1body

theforepart
thehinderpart
C3slidingbase

C5spring(15.5mm)
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
theforepart
thehinderpart
C2cylindersupport

C2cylindersupport

theforepart
FourC6
cylindersprings
C6
cylinderspring
screw(30mm)
screw(30mm)
C4cylinderholder
C1cylinder

screw(26mm)
C2cylindersupport
WhentheC1
cylindercomes
apart,setthe
partslikethis.
※Whentighteningthescrews,
tightenfourofthemequally.
spring
(13mm)
C6
C6
screw(6mm)
C5spring(15.5mm)
screw(30mm)
screw(26mm)
spring(13mm)

C6 cylinderspring
springretainingbush
(6mmindiameter)
2.5mminthickness
※Fastenthecylinderso
thatitbecomesparallel
tothebody.
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
Figure ー
Attachthefrontwheelsassembledat
Figure ー inthefollowingorder.
washer(7mmindiameter)
bush(7mm)
frontwheelholder
washer(8mmindiameter)
spring(9mm)
washer(7mmindiameter)
nut(large6mm)
6
3
AttachingtheCylindertotheBody
C
7
Figure ー
Overturnthebodyup
andattachtheC3
slidingbasetothe
frontwheelsside
withtheC5spring.
7AttachtheC3slidingbase.
8
Figure ー
FastenC2cylinder
supportstotheB1
bodywith6mm
screws.
8AttachtheC2cylindersupports.
9
Figure ー
AttachtheC1
cylinderusingtheC6
cylindersprings.
Besuretofastenthe
C4cylinderholderat
thebackpartwith
30mmscrews.
9AttachtheC1
cylinder.
crosssectionofthebody
andthefrontwheels
5
Figure ー
OverturntheB1bodyand
attachtherearwheels
assembledatFigure ー
withtheB6rearwheel
holders.Attachthe18mm
screwforthefrontwheelstoo.
5
4
4
Attachtherearwheelstothebody.
6Attachthefrontwheels
tothebody.
spring
(9mm)
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
Partstobeused
8 9

D1 controllever D2 propellerlever D3 motor
3
Figure ー
AttachtheD2
propellerlevertothe
D1controllever.
10
One9mm
acrossspacer

Two7mm
bushes
Two7mm
acrosswashers

Two8mm
acrosswashers

Two6mm
largenuts
Two9mm
springs D4 gear
D4 gear
nut(large6mm)
washer
(7mmindiameter)

spring
(9mm)

washer
(8mmindiameter)

D2 D1
bush
(7mm)
crosssectionofthecontrol
leverandthepropellerlever
2
2isengraved
ontheback.
nut(large6mm)
washer(7mmindiameter)

spring(9mm)
washer(8mmindiameter)

bush(7mm)
D1 controllever

11
Figure ー
Attachthemotorto
thescrewattheD1
controllever.
11
Attachthemotor.
washer
(7mmindiameter)
washer
(8mmindiameter)

bush(7mm)
spacer 
(9mmindiameter)

spring(9mm)

nut
(large6mm)
nut
(large6mm)

washer
(7mmindiameter)
washer
(8mmindiameter)
bush
(7mm)
spacer
(9mmindiameter)

D1
D3
spring
(9mm)
crosssectionofthecontrol
leverandthemotor
1isengraved
ontheback.
3isengraved
ontheback.
2isengravedon
theback.
nut(large6mm)
washer
(7mmindiameter)
spring(9mm)

washer
(8mmindiameter)

bush
(7mm) spacer
(9mmindiameter)
D1
controllever

D3
motor
10
Attachthepropellerlevertothecontrollever.
D2
propellerlever
Putitonfromthe
topverticallyand
turnlittlebylittle.
Howtousethe
wrenchhere
D1 controllever

D2 propellerlever
D3 motor
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
4AssemblingtheLeverPart
D
13
Figure ー
PutE1glasscylinder
intheE2radiator.
(Putintheglass
cylinderasdeepas
possible.)
13
Assembletheglasscylinder.
12
Figure ー
PushtheD4gearon
themotorassembled
atFigure ー .
12
11
Attachthegear
tothemotor.
E7 displacer
E1 glasscylinder
E2 radiator

E8 propeller

E3 displacerholder E4 mainpiston E5 connectingrod E6
displaceradjuster
Four5mm
smallnuts
Two7mm
washers
E1 glasscylinder
E2 radiator
※Checkthelength
ofscrewswith
thisdiagram.
Two6mmscrews
Insertdeepenough
untilthispartiscaught
intheradiator.
crosssection
oftheglasscylinder
5AssemblingthePistonPart
E
E1
E2
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
Partstobeused
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
Partstobeused
10 11

14
 


 

 






14
12
9

15
 



15

16
 






16

screw(6mm)
screw(6mm)
body




controllever
cylinder
mainpiston
cylinder
mainpiston
displacerholder
displacer







screw(6mm)


※ Checkthesizewiththis.

17
 






17

18
 









18









1
2
3
1
2
3
displacer

connectingrod

displaceradjuster

displacer
adjuster

connectingrod
theconnectingrod
ofthemainpiston






nut(small5mm)
nut(small5mm)
washer
(7mmindiameter)
washer
(7mmindiameter)

nuts(small5mm)

1
2
3
wrench
smallnutwrench
(Theshaftofthedisplacerisnotillustratedtosimplifythediagram.)







washer










washer
nut(small5mm)
nut(small5mm)
nut(small5mm)
nut(small5mm)


12 13

3
1
2
Figure ー
Confirmtheoperation
andswitchingofeach
leverwiththeright
diagram.
Everyleverturnson
whenloweringand
turnsoffwhenraising.
19
Figure ー
Turnoffthelever1and
lever2andturnonthe
lever3.Putthegaugeto
thepistonpartandadjust
theheightsothatthetip
ofthegaugecomestothe
upperpartofthepiston
(butnotthecylinder).Turn
thescrewsatbothsides
equallytoadjustthe
height.Checkthecenter
attimeslookingfromthe
gearside.Adjustthe
heightsothattheshaft
comesstraightfromas
nearthecenteras
possiblycan.
20
Figure ー
PuttwoAAbatteriesinthe
batterybox(payattentionto
thedirection!)andconnectit
withthemotorconnecter.
Checktheconditionby
pushingforwardtheflywheel
withafingerasshowninthe
Figure ー .Ifitmoves
smoothly,thepositionis
almostright.Ifitmoves
heavily,youneedmore
adjustment.Findtheright
positionuntilthedisplacer
startmovingautomaticallyby
turningthescrewsatboth
sideslittlebylittle.(Fine
adjustmentisneeded.Turn
thescrewslessthanaround
atatime.)Thedisplacer
movesfasterinproportionas
theshaftbecomelevelwith
thestand.Findtheplace
whereitmovesasfastas
possible.
21
20
Figure ー
Afteradjustingthe
positiontomovethe
displacerfaster,
disconnectthebattery
boxfromthemotor
connecterandthen
connectthelamp
connecterandthemotor
connecter.Thenscrew
andsettheglasscylinder
payingattentionnotto
breakthedisplacer.
22
22
Attachtheglasscylinder.
Figure ー
AttachtheE8
propellertotheD2
propellerlever.
24
Figure ー
Adjustthepositionof
theshaftofthe
displacerwhile
pushingforwardthe
flywheelwithafinger
sothatthemetallic
partattheendofthe
displacerslightly
touchestotheendof
theglasscylinder.
23
24
AttachtheE8propeller.
1
2
3
E7 displacer
D2
propellerlever
E8 propeller
B1 body

theforepart
thehinderpart
23
Howtoadjustthepositionofthedisplacer.
1
2
3
E7 displacer
B1 body
B1 body

theforepart
thehinder
part
21
Adjustmentofthedisplacerandthepiston.
20
Putthegauge
totheupperpart
ofthepistonto
adjusttheheight.
Whentheheightis
adjustedproperly,
theflywheelsmove
smoothly.
ON
OFF lever1(forthewheels)

lever2(forthefan)

lever3(forthegenerator)
Everyleverturnson
whenloweringand
turnsoffwhenraising.
19
Howtoturnonandoffthecontrollevers.
Movethedisplaceradjustertotheposition
wheretheendofthedisplacerslightlytouches
totheendoftheglasscylinderwhilepushing
forwardtheflywheelwithafinger.
1
2
3
theforepart
thehinder
part
Adjusttheheight
withthisscrewandthe
oneattheotherside.
lever
cylinder
motorconnecter
E7 displacer
batterybox
(fortwoAAbatteries)

Checkthecenter
Holdtheengineinthe
handandlookfromthe
gearsidetocheckthe
center.
1
2
3
E2 radiator

E1 glasscylinder
theforepart
the
hinder
part
gauge

piston
Adjustthelength
oftheshaft.
Thedisplacerdoesn't
movewellifitispushed
toomuchtotheendand
crushed.Theadequate
conditionistotouchthe
endsoftly.
piston
gauge
3
2
3
1
2
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
Adjustmentoftheheightoftheshaftofthe
displacer.
14 15

25
Figure ー
AssembleF1safety
coversymmetrically.
(TheF2andtheF3
arenotthesame.)
25
Assemblethesafetycover.
TwoF1safetycovers
F5thermalinsulator
F2hingepart F3hingepart
F7sticker

FourF4thermalinsulatorhooks

TwoF632mmpipes
※Checkthelengthofscrews
withthesediagrams.
Two6mm
screws
Two40mm
screws
Two9mm
acrossspacer
F4 thermalinsulatorhook
F4 thermalinsulatorhook
F1safetycover
F1safetycover
screw(6mm)

screw
(6mm)

F3hingepart
F2hingepart
screw(6mm)
StripofftheE5thermal
insulatorfromthecenter
intotwosheets.
26
Figure ー
Insertthehooksof
theF2andtheF3
hingepartsintothe
holesinthesliding
basetoattach.
26
Attachthesafetycovers
tothebody.
27
Figure ー
Settheassembled
bodyonthestand.
27
Setitonthestand.
screw(40mm)
spacer(9mmindiameter)
F6pipe(32mm)
screw(40mm)
screw(40mm)
F6
pipes(32mm)
screw(40mm)

spacer
(9mmindiameter)

spacer
(9mmin
diameter)

B1body

theforepart
thehinderpart
F1safetycovers
crosssectionofthe
safetycoverandthebody
B1
F1
F6
pipe
(32mm)
spacer
(9mmindiameter)

F2 C3
B1body
Fitontheforepart
firstandthenset
thehinderpart.
Pushdownthesafety
levertotheleft
whensettingthebody.
A1stand
thefore
part
thehinder
part
F5
thermalinsulators
F1safetycover

thejointofthebodyandthestand
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
6AttachingtheSafetyCovers
F
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
※Theremaybemorescrews,washers,nuts
 andbushesthanactuallyusedforspare. 
PARTS
Partstobeused
※ Checkthesizewiththis.
Full-scale
1716

1
2
3
28
Figure ー
PuttheF7stickerto
thestand.
Thesafetycoveris
openedbymoving
thesafetylever.
28
AttachthestickerandtheStirlingEngineiscomplete.
29
Figure ー
Fillthealcoholtray
byhalfwithalcohol
fuel.
Usegreatcaution
nottospillalcohol
fuelwhenpouring.In
caseyouspillthe
alcohol,besureto
wipeitup.

※Alcoholfuelis
availableat
drugstores.
29
Theexplanationofthealcohollamp.
30
Figure ー
Let'stesttheengine.
First,setthelevers.
Turnoffthreelevers.
Openthesafetycover
andlightthealcohol
lamp.Afterawhile,
turntheflywheel
stronglyinthe
directionofthearrow
tostarttheengine.
(Usegreatcautionto
avoidaburn.)
30
Figure ー
Ifitdoesn'tworkwell,
adjustbyturningthe
screwswithscrewdriver
asshownintheright
diagramtofindaposition
wherethepistonmoves
fastest.(Turnthescrews
littlebylittle.Lessthana
roundwilldo.)Ifitstill
doesn'tworkwell,try
againtheadjustment
explainedatFigure ー .
31
20
Starttheenginewiththealcohollamp.
31
Howtoadjustincasethepistondoesn'tmovewell.
E7displacer
1
2
3
B1body
10mm
A1stand
theforepart
thehinderpart
sticker
safetylever

※
Thesafetycoverisnotillustratedinthisdiagramtoclarifytheconditionofthedisplacer.
the
hinder
part
the
fore
part
Putthewickoutabout10mm.
A10
wickholder
windingknob
ofthewickholder.
A9
A8
Neverputanything
exceptforalcoholfuel.
Adjustflamewiththewindingknob
atthewickholder.Turndownthe
wicktoextinguishfire.
wettowel
Fireisused.Please
preparewettowels
againstan
emergency.
Adjustflamewiththe
windingknobatthewick
holderasshown
inthefigurebelow.
7
StartingtheEnginewiththeAlcohollamp
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
F1safetycovers
18 19

1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
32
Figure ー
＜Thegeneratorexperiment＞
① Starttheengineas
shownonp.19.
② Turnontheswitchof
thelampofthegenerator.
③ Turnonthelever3(for
thegenerator)alone.
(Keepthelever1andthe
lever2off.)Checkifthe
lampislit.
(Usegreatcautionto
avoidaburn.)
32
Figure ー
＜Thefanexperiment＞
① Starttheengineas
shownonp.19.
② Turnonthelever2(for
thefan)alone.(Keepthe
lever1andthelever3
off.)Checkifthefan
moves.
(Usegreatcautionto
avoidaburn.)
33
図ー
Caution:Whenyoumakethis
experimentcontinuouslyafter
thegeneratorexperimentor
thefanexperiment,extinguish
thefireonce,andwaituntil
theglasscylindergetscold.
Starttheexperimentagain
afterthecylindergetscold
enoughandthesafetyis
checked.

＜Thecarexperiment＞
① Starttheengineas
shownonp.19.
② Turnonthelever1(for
thecar)alone.(Keepthe
lever2andthelever3
off.)Checkifthewheels
turn.
③ Whenthewheelsturns
wellenough,extinguish
thefire.Turndownthe
safetylevertotheleftto
closethesafetycovers.
④ Takethebodyoffthe
standandputthebodyon
theground.Itstarts
movingslowly.

Theglasscylinderremain
hotafterthefireis
extinguished.Donot
touchthecarwhile
movingtoavoiddangerof
aburn.
34
Thegenerator
experiment.
34
Thecaroperating
experiment.
33
Thefanexperiment.
lever2(forthefan)
Theswitchofthelamp
ofthegenerator
lever3(forthegenerator)
B1body
A1stand

(Topview)
gear
lamp
theforepart
thehinderpart
B1body
A1stand

theforepart
thehinderpart
lever1(forthecar)
B1body

A1stand
theforepart
thehinderpart
1
2
3
Hereistheswitchofthelamp.
※Checktheconnection
ofthemotorandthelamp.
※ Whenthewheelsturnswellenough(itmay
take1to3minutes),extinguishthefire.
Turndownthelevertothelefttoclosethe
safetycovers.Takethebodyoffthestand
aftercheckingsafety.(Ifyoutakethebody
offthestandwithoutclosingthesafety
covers,theycloseautomatically.)

theforepart
thehinderpart
1
2
3
※Theangleofthepropeller
ischangeableinto
threelevels.
(horizontal,45degree,
andperpendicular)
wettowel
Fireisused.Please
preparewettowels
againstan
emergency.
8
MakingExperimentsoftheGenerator,theFanandtheCar
ON OFF
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
2120

Thefollowingisthe
mechanismofStirling
engines.
②Whenthepiston
reachestothegear
side,thehotairis
pushedtothecold
sideandgetcold.
③Thecontractionof
airbringsthepiston
backtothehotside.
④Coolairispushed
bythepistontothe
hotsideand
expands.
(Returnto①)
①Thethermal
expansionofair
pushesthepistonto
thegearside.
35
Figure ー
Theendoftheengine
hasremainingheat
aftertheexperiment.
Makesureit
becomescold
enoughbeforeyou
putitaway.
35
Afterthe
experiment.
①
②
③
④
※Caution!
Thispartremainshot.
coldside
displacer
piston
hot
side
gear
1
2
3
HowdoStirlingEngineswork?
Warning★Fireisusedfortheexperiment.Usegreatcautiontoavoid
aburnandfire.Donotleta15orless-year-oldchildexperimentalone.
22 23
★ Caution with Fire and Heat ★
・Do not leave the engine while the lamp is lit or heat remains.
・Do not hold the body or the stand when the lamp is lit. It is very dangerous
if the alcohol spill.
・Do not put the stand on a slippery surface when making an experiment, or it may move.
・Use great caution with small children when making the car experiment together.
・Use great caution with remaining heat after the experiment.
・Remove alcohol from the alcohol tray after the experiment when not using
for a long time.
・Use great caution to keep alcohol fuel after the experiment. Keep children away
from the fuel and the machine.
Ｑ：The displacer doesn't move even with batteries.
A1. Are the batteries new? Are the positive and negative terminals on the batteries facing the right way?
Are the motor and the batteries connected firmly?
A2. Have you adjusted the heights of the piston with a gauge accurately?
A3. Isn't the gear idling? (Ensure the lever 3 is turned on.)
Ｑ：The displacer moves with batteries but doesn't move with the alcohol lamp.
A1. Do the displacer adjuster (the black rubber tube at the E5 connecting rod) and the metallic part at the
end of the displacer move in the same rhythm? (If they don't, see p.15 and adjust the length of the shaft
of the displacer.)
A2. Does the wick of the alcohol lamp come out enough? (Check with the diagram at p.18)
Ｑ：The fan experiment doesn't go well.
A. Doesn't the nut at lever 2 loosen and the gear become out of mesh? (Tighten the nut of the lever 2.)
Ｑ：The engine becomes slow after several times of experiments.
A. Dust may be produced by the friction wear of the metallic end. Remove the glass cylinder and clean out the dust.
A1stand
non-slipcover
non-slipcover
non-slipcover
non-slipcover
MakingYourOwnDisplacer
AttachingNon-SlipCovertotheFourCornersoftheStand
Setfournon-slipcovers(Seethediagram.)
tothefourcornersofthestand.

Youcanmakeyourowndisplacerusingtheshaftofthedisplacerinthekit.Incaseyoumakeone,followtheinstructions
below.(Itisnotnecessarytomakeoneifthekitmoveswellinthefirstplace.Trywhentheoriginalonecrumbles,orthe
metallicparthascomeoff,oryoureallywanttotry.)
Thingsyouneed
①Cutthesteelwool
inhalf.
②Spreadthesteelwoolasthisdiagram.
③Cutitin1/3and2/3.
④Putthe1/3aroundtheshafttoformacore.
⑤Wrapittight.
⑥Wrapwhatisleftaroundthecore.
Wrapthefirsthalftightandthesecondhalf
alittlelooser.
⑦
Neatentheshapeoftherolledsteelwoolwithaboard.
Moveitbackandforceintheglasscylindertochecktheshape
attimes.
⑧ Afterneateningit,cutitinthelengthshowninthediagrambelow.
(Payattentionnottocuttheshaft.Cutbothends.)
Pressitintheglasscylindertofixtheshape.

scissors
shaftofthedisplacer
news
papers
smallboard
(Asmallbookcan
beusedasasubstitute.)
mask
glasscylinder
Itlookslikethissofar.
steelwool
about15cm
about6cm
※Pleasewearamasksincemetallicdustfloatsintheair.
※Checkifitmoves
smoothly.
