Garmin GPS 19x HVS User manual

GPS 19x HVS
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS
Garmin International, Inc.
1200 E. 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062 USA
190-01361-07, Revision A
June 2012

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© 2012 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries
Garmin International, Inc
1200 East 151st Street,
Olathe, Kansas 66062, USA
Tel. [phone] or 800/800.1020
Fax [phone]
Garmin (Europe) Ltd.
Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park
Southampton, Hampshire, SO40 9LR UK
Tel. [phone] (outside the UK) 0808 2380000 (within the UK)
Fax [phone]
Garmin Corporation
No. 68, Zhangshu 2nd Road, Xizhi Dist.
New Taipei City, 221, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
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the express permission of Garmin.
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Web site address: www.garmin.com
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision
Revision
Date
Description
ECO #
A
6/6/12
Initial Release
--

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1Introduction..............................................................................................................................5
1.1 Cautions...........................................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Features ...........................................................................................................................................................6
1.4 GPS 19x Series................................................................................................................................................7
1.4.1 GPS 19x HVS ................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4.2 GPS 19x NMEA 2000®..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Technical Specifications..................................................................................................................................7
1.5.1 Physical Characteristics..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.1.1 Size.................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.1.2 Weight............................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.1.3 Color.................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.5.1.4 Case Material..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.1.5 Cable Length ..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.2 Electrical Characteristics................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.2.1 Input Voltage..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.2.2 Input Current..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5.2.3 CMOS Serial Output Levels.............................................................................................................. 7
1.5.2.4 GPS Receiver Sensitivity .................................................................................................................. 7
1.5.2.5 Environmental Characteristics........................................................................................................... 7
1.5.3 GPS Performance.............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.5.3.1 Receiver............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.5.3.2 Acquisition Times ............................................................................................................................. 8
1.5.3.3 Update Rate....................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.3.4 Accuracy ........................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.4 Interfaces........................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.4.1 GPS 19x HVS Electrical Characteristics........................................................................................... 8
1.5.4.2 Garmin Interface................................................................................................................................ 8
1.5.4.3 GPS 19x HVS Protocol..................................................................................................................... 8
1.5.4.4 Measurement Pulse Output................................................................................................................ 8
2GPSx 19x HVS Wiring and Pinouts.......................................................................................9
2.1 GPS 19x HVS Pinout ......................................................................................................................................9
2.2 GPS 19x HVS Wiring Diagrams.....................................................................................................................9
3Mechanical Characteristics & Mounting.............................................................................11
4GPS 19x HVS Software Interface.........................................................................................12
4.1 Received NMEA 0183 Sentences .................................................................................................................12
4.1.1 Almanac Information (GPALM)..................................................................................................................... 12
4.1.2 Sensor Initialization Information (PGRMI) .................................................................................................... 13
4.1.3 Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC) ................................................................................................. 13
4.1.4 Additional Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC1) ............................................................................. 14
4.1.5 Additional Sensor Configuration Information 2 (PGRMC2) .......................................................................... 14
4.1.6 Output Sentence Enable/Disable (PGRMO) ................................................................................................... 15
4.2 Transmitted NMEA 0183 Sentences.............................................................................................................16
4.2.1 Sentence Transmission Rate............................................................................................................................ 16
4.2.2 Transmitted Time............................................................................................................................................ 17
4.2.3 Global Positioning System Almanac Data (GPALM)..................................................................................... 17
4.2.4 GLONASS System Almanac Data (GLMLA) ................................................................................................ 18
4.2.5 Global Positioning System Fix Data (GGA) ................................................................................................... 18
4.2.6 GPS DOP and Active Satellites (GSA)........................................................................................................... 18
4.2.7 GPS and GLONASS Satellites in View (GPGSV and GLGSV)..................................................................... 19
4.2.8 Recommended Minimum Specific GPS/TRANSIT Data (RMC)................................................................... 19
4.2.9 Track Made Good and Ground Speed (VTG) ................................................................................................. 19
4.2.10 Geographic Position (GLL)............................................................................................................................. 19
4.2.11 Estimated Error Information (PGRME).......................................................................................................... 20

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4.2.12 GPS Fix Data Sentence (PGRMF) .................................................................................................................. 20
4.2.13 Map Datum (PGRMM)................................................................................................................................... 20
4.2.14 Sensor Status Information (PGRMT).............................................................................................................. 20
4.2.15 3D Velocity Information (PGRMV) ............................................................................................................... 20
4.2.16 DPGS Beacon Information (PGRMB)............................................................................................................ 21
4.3 Baud Rate Selection ......................................................................................................................................21
4.4 Measurement Pulse Output ...........................................................................................................................21
4.4.1 One-Pulse-Per-Second (PPS) Output .............................................................................................................. 21
Appendix A: Earth Datum List..................................................................................................22
Appendix B: Garmin Binary Output Format...........................................................................25
Appendix C: Changing the Baud Rate in Garmin Mode.........................................................28
Appendix D: GPS 19x HVS AND Windows Serial Mouse Issue.............................................29
Appendix E: Sensor Configuration Software............................................................................31
Appendix E: Sensor Configuration Software............................................................................31
Downloading the Sensor Configuration Software........................................................................................................... 31
Selecting a Model ........................................................................................................................................................... 31
Connecting to the Sensor ................................................................................................................................................ 31
File Menu........................................................................................................................................................................ 32
Comm Menu ................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Config Menu................................................................................................................................................................... 32
View Menu ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Help Menu ...................................................................................................................................................................... 33
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table 1: GPS 19x HVS Pinout ......................................................................................................................................9
Figure 1: Computer Serial Port Interconnection............................................................................................................9
Figure 2. PDA Serial Port Interconnection..................................................................................................................10
Figure 3a. GPS 19x NMEA 0183 HVS Wired for Two-Way Communication...........................................................10
Figure 3b. GPS 19x NMEA 0183 HVS Power/Data Cable.........................................................................................11
Figure 4. GPS 19x HVS Bottom Case Dimensions.....................................................................................................11
Table 2: NMEA 0183 Output Sentence Order and Size ..............................................................................................16
Table 3: Characters per Second for Available Baud Rates..........................................................................................16

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1INTRODUCTION
1.1 CAUTIONS CAUTION
The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and
maintenance. The GLONASS system is operated by the government of Russia, which is solely responsible for its
accuracy and maintenance. Although the GPS 19x HVS is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any
NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted, and therefore become unsafe. Use these products at your own risk. To
reduce the risk, carefully review and understand all aspects of these Technical Specifications before using the GPS
19x HVS. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS to all available navigation sources
including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any
discrepancies before continuing navigation.
FCC
Compliance
This product has been tested and found to comply with Part 15 of the FCC interference limits for Class B digital
devices FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. These limits are designed to provide more reasonable protection against
harmful interference in a residential installation, and are more stringent than “outdoor” requirements.
Operation of this device is subject to the following conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference,
and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and may cause harmful interference to radio
communications if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the GPS unit.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
This product does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin®
service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could result in permanent damage to the equipment, and void
your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations.

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1.2 OVERVIEW
The GPS 19x HVS is an embedded receiver and an antenna. Based on the proven technology found in other Garmin
GPS receivers, the GPS 19x HVS tracks multiple satellites at a time while providing fast time-to-first-fix, precise
navigation updates from once per second up to ten times per second, and low power consumption. This generation
of GPS sensors includes the capability of FAA Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) differential GPS. In
addition to the GPS satellite system, the GPS 19x HVS also supports simultaneous use of the Russian GLONASS
satellite system.
The GPS 19x HVS design uses the latest technology and high-level circuit integration to achieve superior
performance while minimizing space and power requirements. The hardware capability combined with software
intelligence makes the GPS 19x HVS easy to integrate and use.
The GPS 19x HVS is designed to withstand rugged operating conditions and is waterproof to IEC 60529 IPX7:
immersion in 1 meter of water for 30 minutes. The complete GPS receiver requires minimal additional components
to be supplied by an OEM or system integrator. A minimum system must provide the GPS receiver with a source of
power and a clear view of the GPS satellites. Internal FLASH memory allows the GPS to retain critical data such as
satellite orbital parameters, last-known position, date and time. End user interfaces such as keyboards and displays
are the responsibility of the application designer.
Factory configuration meets the needs of most systems that expect NMEA 0183 data from a GPS receiver. GPS19x
supports two out of the box factory configurations. One is backward compatible with GPS17x operating at
positioning update rate of once per second and communicating at 4800bps. The other is operating at positioning
update rate of 10 times per second and communicating at 38400bps. The two configurations are selectable with a
resistor accessory wire. Configuration commands are available to customize the operation mode and NMEA 0183
output (see section 4.1 Received NMEA 0183 Sentences)
1.3 FEATURES
GPS receiver tracks and uses multiple satellites for fast, accurate positioning and velocity estimates.
Differential DGPS capability using real-time WAAS corrections (when WAAS is enabled) yielding
position errors of less than 3 meters.
GLONASS support. This receiver can also track and use multiple GLONASS satellites in addition to GPS
satellites. This increases positioning reliability in many situations due to higher total number of visible
satellites. GLONASS is the Russian system of navigation satellites, similar to the United States’ GPS.
10Hz operation. Real position, heading and velocity updates of up to 10 times per second. Higher
positioning update rates may result in more accurate positioning.
Compact, rugged design ideal for applications with minimal space.
Two update-rate configurations available: 10 times per second at 38400bps and 1 time per second at
4800bps.
Highly accurate measurement pulse output for precise timing measurements: one-pulse-per-second (1 Hz).
Pulse width is configurable in 20 millisecond increments from 20 ms to 980 ms with 1 s accuracy.
Configurable for binary format data output.
FLASH-based program allows new software revisions through a Web site download.
Non-volatile memory does not require battery backup.
Onboard rechargeable backup battery can maintain the real-time clock for up to 10 days.
Configurable parameters include expected position, current time and date, and preferred position fix type
(3D or automatic).
Waterproof design allows continuous exposure to the prevailing weather conditions at most locations.

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1.4 GPS 19X SERIES
1.4.1 GPS 19x HVS
The GPS 19x HVS interfaces to a RS-232 serial port of a
computer via a DB-9 connector and receives power through a
vehicle power adapter. The GPS 19x is RS-422 compatible.
See the wiring diagrams for correct wiring.
The GPS 19x HVS can cause an issue with Microsoft®
Windows®operating systems if the DB9 connector is
plugged into the computer before the computer is fully
running. The Windows operating system may interpret the
serial connector on the GPS 19x HVS as a serial mouse.
Please refer to Appendix D: GPS 19x HVS & Window Serial
Mouse Issue for complete details.
1.4.2 GPS 19x NMEA 2000
The GPS 19x is also available with a NMEA 2000 interface.
See www.garmin.com/oem for details.
1.5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
The following specifications are for the GSP 19x HVS. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
1.5.1 Physical Characteristics
1.5.1.1 Size
3 19/32 in. (96.1 mm) in diameter and 1 15/16 in. (49.5 mm) in height
1.5.1.2 Weight
7.1 oz. (201 g)
1.5.1.3 Color
White
1.5.1.4 Case Material
Fully gasketed high-impact plastic alloy, waterproof to IEC 60529 IPX7 standards
1.5.1.5 Cable Length
30 ft. (9.14 m)
1.5.2 Electrical Characteristics
1.5.2.1 Input Voltage
8–33 Vdc
1.5.2.2 Input Current
40 mA @ 12 Vdc
1.5.2.3 CMOS Serial Output Levels
0 Vdc to 3.3 Vdc (Differential NMEA 0183 Serial, Compatible Polarity)
1.5.2.4 GPS Receiver Sensitivity
-185 dBW minimum
1.5.2.5 Environmental Characteristics
Operating Temperature: -22° to 176°F (-30° to 80°C)
Storage Temperature: -40° to 194°F (-40° to 90°C)
1.5.3 GPS Performance
1.5.3.1 Receiver
WAAS Enabled®GPS receiver continuously tracks and uses multiple satellites to compute and update your position.
The receiver can track and use GPS as well as GLONASS satellites at the same time. This will often exceed 20
satellites at the same time.

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1.5.3.2 Acquisition Times
Reacquisition: Less than 2 seconds
Hot: Approx. 1 second (all data known)
Warm: Approx. 38 seconds (initial position, time, and almanac known; ephemeris unknown)
Cold: Approx. 45 seconds
1.5.3.3 Update Rate
1, 5, or 10 records per second
1.5.3.4 Accuracy
GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS)
Position: < 15 meters, 95% typical
Velocity: 0.1 knot RMS steady state
WAAS/EGNOS/MSAS
Position: < 3 meters, 95% typical
Velocity: 0.1 knot RMS steady state
Measurement Pulse Output Time: ±1 microsecond at rising edge of the pulse
Dynamics: 999 knots velocity (only limited at altitude greater than 60,000 feet), 2g dynamics
1.5.4 Interfaces
1.5.4.1 GPS 19x HVS Electrical Characteristics
Differential NMEA 0183 Serial, Compatible Polarity.
oThe default transmission rate is 38400 baud. If necessary, the rate can be limited to 4800 baud by
installing the included resistor in series with the Accessory-ON wire. See the GPS 19x NMEA
0183 Installation Instructions for more information.
oThe default position output rate is 10Hz. If necessary, the rate can be limited to 1Hz by installing
the included resistor in series with the Accessory-ON wire. See the GPS 19x NMEA 0183
Installation Instructions for more information.
NOTE: When connecting this antenna to a GPSMAP 2000, 3000, 4000, or 5000 series device,
you must limit the update rate. If the update rate is not limited, the chartplotter might not receive
and display the GPS signal properly.
1.5.4.2 Garmin Interface
Refer to the Garmin Device Interface Specification found in the Garmin Device Interface SDK for information
about the Garmin Interface. At the time of this printing, this document is located on the Garmin Web site at:
www.garmin.com/support/commProtocol.html.
1.5.4.3 GPS 19x HVS Protocol
NMEA 0183 Version 3.01 (the factory default version) is programmable by data field 7 of the PGRMC1
sentence described in section 4.1.4 Additional Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC1).
Available NMEA 0183 output sentences include GPALM, GPGGA, GPGSA, GPGSV, GPRMC, GPVTG,
GPGLL, PGRME, PGRMF, PGRMM, PGRMT, PGRMV, and PGRMB (Garmin proprietary sentences).
See section 4.2 Transmitted NMEA 0183 Sentences for format descriptions.
Configuration and initialization is accomplished with NMEA 0183 input sentences. This allows
initialization of information such as expected position, date, time, earth datum, and differential mode and
configuration of operational parameters such as baud rate, positioning update rate, satellite system. See
section 4.1 Received NMEA 0183 Sentences for format descriptions.
Configurable for binary data output.
1.5.4.4 Measurement Pulse Output
1 Hz pulse with programmable width, configurable in 20 ms increments from 20 ms to 980 ms. See section
4.1.3 Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC) for details about configuring the Measurement Pulse
Output (or PPS) feature.
1 s accuracy for all conditions in which the GPS 19x HVS reported a valid and accurate position fix for at
least the previous 4 seconds.

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2GPSX 19X HVS WIRING AND PINOUTS
The GPS 19x HVS interfaces to a serial port. The unit accepts TIA-232-F (RS-232) level inputs and transmits
voltage levels from ground 3.3 V, TIA-422 (RS-422) polarity.
2.1 GPS 19X HVS PINOUT
GPS 19x HVS
Pin #
Color
Signal Name
Wire Gauge
1
White
Receive Data A
22
2
Black
Ground
22
3
Red
VIN
22
4
Orange*
Accessory On*
22
5
White/Red
Transmit Data B
22
6
Gray
Transmit Data A
22
7
White/Orange
Receive Data B
22
8
Violet
Pulse Per Second (PPS)
22
Table 1: GPS 19x HVS Pinout
* A resistor on the end of this wire limits the transmission rate to 4800 baud and the position update to 1Hz.
Removing the resistor increases the baud rate to 38400 and the position update to 10Hz.
2.2 GPS 19X HVS WIRING DIAGRAMS
Figure 1: Computer Serial Port Interconnection

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Figure 2. PDA Serial Port Interconnection
Figure 3a. GPS 19x NMEA 0183 HVS Wired for Two-Way Communication
Exceptions:
If your NMEA 0183-compliant device has only one receiving wire (Rx), connect it to the gray wire (Tx/A) from the
GPS 19x antenna, and leave the white/red wire (Tx/B) from the antenna unconnected.
If your NMEA 0183-compliant device has only one transmitting wire (Tx), connect it to the white wire (Rx/A) from
the GPS 19x antenna, and connect the white/orange wire (Rx/B) to ground.
Note: The orange (accessory on) wire is used when wiring the GPS 19x to a Garmin chartplotter, or other NMEA
0183 device that has a defined accessory signal wire. If you are wiring the GPS 19x to a device that does not have an
accessory signal wire, the orange wire from the GPS 19x should be connected to ground.
Caution: If you are wiring the GPS 19x to a device that does not have an accessory signal wire, connect the
GPS 19x power wire to the ignition or install an in-line switch. The GPS 19x can drain the battery of the boat if it is
not switched.