Giga-tronics 8650B Series User manual

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
Series 8650B
Universal Power Meters
Operation Manual
Giga
-tronics Incorporated 4650 Norris Canyon Road, San Ramon, CA 94583
925.328.4650/800.726.4442/925.328.4700 (Fax
) Customer Service: 800.444.2878/925.328.4702 (Fax)

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
ii Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
All technical data and specifications in this publication are subject to change without prior notice and do not represent a
change without prior notice and do not represent a commitment on the part of Giga-tronics Incorporated.
Publication Method, Medium, Copyrights:
It is the intent of Giga-tronics to publish this manual in “electronicially” as a PDF file, and delivered via CD, DVD,
or other medium, including protected download, as Giga-tronics sees fit. This PDF file may be searched and
printed by the end customer, but Giga-tronics does not release any resale rights to this document.
© 2011 Giga-tronics Incorporated. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.
WARRANTY
Giga-tronics Series 8650B
instruments are warranted against
defective materials and workmanship for one year from date of
shipment. Giga-
tronics will at its option repair or replace
products that are proven defective during the warranty period.
This warranty DOES NOT cover damage resulting from improper
use, nor workmanship other than Giga-tronics service. There is
no implied warranty
of fitness for a particular purpose, nor is
Giga-tronics liable for any consequential damages. Specification
and price change privileges are reserved by Giga-tronics.
MODEL NUMBERS
The series 8650B includes two models: The single-channel Model 8651B and the dual-channel Model 8652B.
Apart from the number of sensors they support, the two models are identical. Both models are referred to in
this manual by the general term 8650B, except where it is necessary to make a distinction between the models.

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 iii

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
iv Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
About this Publication
This operation manual covers the operation and performance verification of the Giga-tronics Series 8650B
Universal Power Meters.
Preface:
In addition to a comprehensive Contents and general information about the manual, the Preface also contains a
record of changes made to the manual since its publication, and a description of Special Configurations. If you
have ordered a user-specific product, please refer to page vii for a description of the special configuration.
Chapters:
1 – Introduction
Contains a brief introduction to the instrument and its performance parameters.
2 – Front Panel Operation
A guide to the instrument’s front panel keys, display and configuration menus.
3 – Remote Operation
A guide to the instrument’s remote control interface.
4 – Performance Verification
Defines the procedures to verify the performance of the 8650B Meter.
Appendices:
A – Typical Applications Programs
Provides examples of programs for controlling the 8650B remotely.
B – Power Sensors
Provides selection data, specifications and calibration procedures for power sensors.
C – Options
Describes options available for the Series 8650B.
D – Menu Structure
Pictorial mapping of the various menus used in the Series 8650B. Use this appendix as a map to locate
functions to perform.
Changes that occur after production of this publication, and Special Configuration data will be inserted as loose
pages in the publication binder. Please insert and/or replace the indicated pages as detailed in the Technical
Publication Change Instructions included with new and replacement pages.

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 v
Conventions
The following conventions are used in this product publication. Additional conventions not included here will be
defined at the time of usage.
Warning
WARNING
The WARNING statement is encased in gray and centered in the page. This calls
attention to a situation, or an operating or maintenance procedure, or practice,
which if not strictly corrected or observed, could result in injury or death of
personnel. An example is the proximity of high voltage.
Caution
CAUTION
The CAUTION statement is enclosed with single lines and centered in the page.
This calls attention to a situation, or an operating or maintenance procedure, or
practice, which if not strictly corrected or observed, could result in temporary or
permanent damage to the equipment, or loss of effectiveness.
Notes
NOTE: A NOTE Highlights or amplifies an essential operating or maintenance procedure, practice,
condition or statement.

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
vi Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
Record of Publication Changes
This table is provided for your convenience to maintain a permanent record of publication change data.
Corrected replacement pages will be issued as TPCI (Technical Publication Change Instructions), and will be
inserted at the front of the binder. Remove the corresponding old pages, insert the new pages and record the
changes here.
TPCI
Number TPCI Issue Date Date Entered Comments

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 vii
Special Configurations
When the accompanying product has been configured for user-specific application(s), supplemental pages will
be inserted at the front of the publication binder. Remove the indicated page(s) and replace it (them) with the
furnished Special Configuration supplemental page(s).

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
viii Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 General Information ..................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 Features................................................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1.2 Environmental Standards ...................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.3 Power Requirements............................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.1.4 Items Furnished..................................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.5 Items Required ...................................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.6 Cooling................................................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.7 Cleaning ................................................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.1.8 Receiving Inspection.............................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.1.9 Reshipment Preparation ....................................................................................................................... 1-3
1.2 Installation .................................................................................................................................................... 1-4
1.2.1 Safety Precautions................................................................................................................................. 1-4
1.2.2 Power..................................................................................................................................................... 1-5
1.2.3 Power Sensor Precautions..................................................................................................................... 1-5
1.2.4 Interface (Rear Panel)............................................................................................................................ 1-6
1.2.4.1 Line Voltage Selection & Fuse ........................................................................................................ 1-6
1.2.4.2 Inputs/Outputs ............................................................................................................................... 1-6
1.2.4.3 Remote Interface............................................................................................................................ 1-6
1.3 Specifications................................................................................................................................................ 1-7
1.3.1 Power Meter.......................................................................................................................................... 1-7
1.3.2 Accuracy ................................................................................................................................................ 1-8
1.3.3 Measurement Rates ............................................................................................................................ 1-11
1.3.4 Remote Operation............................................................................................................................... 1-12
1.3.5 GPIB Fast Buffered Mode Controls...................................................................................................... 1-12
1.3.6 Inputs/Outputs .................................................................................................................................... 1-12
1.3.7 General Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 1-13
1.3.8 Options ................................................................................................................................................ 1-13
1.3.9 Power Sensors ..................................................................................................................................... 1-13
CHAPTER 2FRONT PANEL OPERATION .................................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 Front Panel Description ................................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2.1 Front Panel Layout Descriptions ........................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 Front Panel Applications............................................................................................................................... 2-4
2.3.1 Meter Setup........................................................................................................................................... 2-5
2.3.1.1 Calibrator........................................................................................................................................ 2-5
2.3.1.2 Config.............................................................................................................................................. 2-6
2.3.1.3 Sto/Rcl .......................................................................................................................................... 2-15
2.3.1.4 Service .......................................................................................................................................... 2-15
2.3.2 Display Setup ....................................................................................................................................... 2-16
2.3.2.1 Line Configuration ........................................................................................................................ 2-17
2.3.2.2 More Options ............................................................................................................................... 2-19
2.3.3 Relative Mode (Rel)............................................................................................................................. 2-19
2.3.4 Sensor Setup........................................................................................................................................ 2-20
2.3.4.1 Averaging...................................................................................................................................... 2-20
2.3.4.2 Offset............................................................................................................................................ 2-21

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2.3.4.3 Config............................................................................................................................................ 2-21
2.4 Measurement Guide................................................................................................................................... 2-23
2.4.1 Using the Power Sweep Calibrator...................................................................................................... 2-23
2.4.2 807XXA Sensor Operation ................................................................................................................... 2-23
2.4.3 Sensor Calibration & Zeroing............................................................................................................... 2-24
2.4.3.1 Calibration & Zeroing.................................................................................................................... 2-24
2.4.3.2 Zeroing Only ................................................................................................................................. 2-25
2.4.3.3 Calibration & Zeroing (High Power Sensors with Removable Attenuators)................................. 2-25
2.4.3.4 Low Level Performance Check...................................................................................................... 2-26
2.4.4 Measuring Source Output Power........................................................................................................ 2-27
2.4.5 Using the Peaking Meter ..................................................................................................................... 2-27
2.4.6 High Power Level Measurements........................................................................................................ 2-28
2.4.7 Modulated Measurement Modes ....................................................................................................... 2-28
2.4.7.1 MAP Mode.................................................................................................................................... 2-28
2.4.7.2 PAP Mode ..................................................................................................................................... 2-29
2.4.7.3 BAP Mode..................................................................................................................................... 2-29
2.4.8 Measurement Collection Modes......................................................................................................... 2-31
2.4.8.1 CW Mode...................................................................................................................................... 2-31
2.4.8.2 PEAK Mode (80350A Peak Power Sensor).................................................................................... 2-31
2.4.9 Mode Restrictions ............................................................................................................................... 2-33
2.4.10 When to use CW, MAP & BAP........................................................................................................... 2-33
2.4.11 Multi-Tone Tests................................................................................................................................ 2-33
2.4.12 Peak Hold........................................................................................................................................... 2-35
2.4.13 Crest Factor ....................................................................................................................................... 2-36
2.4.14 Burst Signal Measurements............................................................................................................... 2-38
2.4.15 Burst Start Exclude, Burst End Exclude ............................................................................................. 2-39
2.4.16 Burst Dropout.................................................................................................................................... 2-40
2.4.17 Optimizing Measurement Speed....................................................................................................... 2-41
2.4.18 Peak Power Measurements .............................................................................................................. 2-42
2.4.19 Measuring an Attenuator (Single Channel Method) ......................................................................... 2-42
2.4.20 Improving Accuracy........................................................................................................................... 2-43
2.4.21 Performance Verification .................................................................................................................. 2-44
2.4.22 Sources of Error................................................................................................................................. 2-45
CHAPTER 3REMOTE OPERATION ........................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 3-1
3.1.1 Sending Commands to the 8650B over GPIB ........................................................................................ 3-1
3.1.1.1 Clear Device over GPIB ................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.1.2 Clear Interface over GPIB ............................................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.1.3 Local & Remote Control over GPIB................................................................................................. 3-2
3.1.1.4 Sensor Selection & Calibration ....................................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.2 Polling over GPIB ................................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.1.2.1 Parallel Polling over GPIB ............................................................................................................... 3-3
3.1.2.2 Serial Polling over GPIB .................................................................................................................. 3-3
3.1.3 Data Output Formats............................................................................................................................. 3-4
3.1.4 Power-On Default Conditions................................................................................................................ 3-4
3.1.5 Remote Connection Configuration........................................................................................................ 3-5
3.1.5.1 GPIB ................................................................................................................................................ 3-5
3.1.5.2 LAN ................................................................................................................................................. 3-5

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3.1.5.3 USB ................................................................................................................................................. 3-5
3.2 SCPI Command Interface .............................................................................................................................. 3-6
3.2.1 Sensor Calibration & Zeroing................................................................................................................. 3-6
3.2.2 Sensor & Channel Configuration ........................................................................................................... 3-6
3.2.3 Measurement Triggering....................................................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.4 Memory Functions ................................................................................................................................ 3-7
3.2.5 IEEE 488.2 Required Commands ........................................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.6 Calculate Subsystem Commands........................................................................................................... 3-8
3.2.7 Sense Subsystem Commands .............................................................................................................. 3-10
3.2.8 Trigger Subsystem Commands ............................................................................................................ 3-12
3.2.9 SCPI Command Syntax......................................................................................................................... 3-14
3.2.9.1 Commands in Brackets ................................................................................................................. 3-14
3.2.9.2 Programmer Selective Parameters............................................................................................... 3-14
3.2.9.3 Italics in Syntax Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 3-14
3.2.9.4 Query Format ............................................................................................................................... 3-14
3.2.9.5 Linking Command Strings ............................................................................................................. 3-14
3.2.9.6 Measurement Data Output Format ............................................................................................. 3-14
3.2.10 Sensor Calibration & Zeroing............................................................................................................. 3-19
3.2.10.1 Sensor Calibration ...................................................................................................................... 3-19
3.2.10.2 Sensor Zero................................................................................................................................. 3-20
3.2.11 Sensor Configuration Commands...................................................................................................... 3-21
3.2.12 Sensor Gate Commands .................................................................................................................... 3-23
3.2.13 Reading Power Measurements ......................................................................................................... 3-25
3.2.13.1 Special Errors.............................................................................................................................. 3-26
3.2.14 Instrument Triggering........................................................................................................................ 3-27
3.2.15 Arming the Triggering Cycle .............................................................................................................. 3-30
3.2.16 Channel Configuration....................................................................................................................... 3-31
3.2.17 Cal Factor Correction......................................................................................................................... 3-34
3.2.17.1 Cal Factor Error Control.............................................................................................................. 3-35
3.2.18 High Speed Measurements ............................................................................................................... 3-36
3.2.18.1 Operating Mode Control ............................................................................................................ 3-36
3.2.18.2 Triggering Notes ......................................................................................................................... 3-38
3.2.18.3 Measurement Level Notes ......................................................................................................... 3-38
3.2.19 Peak Power Sensor Triggering........................................................................................................... 3-39
3.2.20 Averaging........................................................................................................................................... 3-41
3.2.21 Relative or Referenced Measurements............................................................................................. 3-42
3.2.21.1 Error Control............................................................................................................................... 3-42
3.2.22 Offsets ............................................................................................................................................... 3-43
3.2.23 Communication Configurations......................................................................................................... 3-44
3.2.24 Status Monitoring & Service Request Generation ............................................................................ 3-45
3.2.24.1 Status Byte Register.................................................................................................................... 3-46
3.2.24.2 Event Status Register.................................................................................................................. 3-48
3.2.24.3 Operation Status Register .......................................................................................................... 3-50
3.2.24.4 Operation Complete................................................................................................................... 3-52
3.2.24.5 Clear Status................................................................................................................................. 3-52
3.2.25 Min/Max Configuration & Monitoring .............................................................................................. 3-53
3.2.26 Limit Line Configuration & Monitoring ............................................................................................. 3-54
3.2.27 Analog Output ................................................................................................................................... 3-56
3.2.28 Saving & Recalling Configurations..................................................................................................... 3-58

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3.2.29 Halting Operation.............................................................................................................................. 3-59
3.2.30 Language Configuration .................................................................................................................... 3-59
3.2.31 Preset Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 3-60
3.2.32 Identification Commands .................................................................................................................. 3-62
3.2.33 Calibrator Controls ............................................................................................................................ 3-63
3.2.34 Sensor EEPROM Commands.............................................................................................................. 3-63
3.2.35 Self-Test............................................................................................................................................. 3-64
3.2.36 Error Messages.................................................................................................................................. 3-64
3.3 IEEE 488.2 Interface Command Codes ....................................................................................................... 3-67
3.3.1 Command Syntax................................................................................................................................. 3-67
3.3.1.1 Function Codes ............................................................................................................................. 3-67
3.3.1.2 Prefixes ......................................................................................................................................... 3-67
3.3.1.3 Variables....................................................................................................................................... 3-67
3.3.1.4 Suffixes ......................................................................................................................................... 3-68
3.3.1.5 Separators .................................................................................................................................... 3-68
3.3.1.6 Command Format Illustrations..................................................................................................... 3-68
3.3.2 8650B Command Code Set.................................................................................................................. 3-69
3.3.3 8540C Emulation Command Code Set ................................................................................................ 3-72
3.3.4 HP436 Emulation Command Code Set ................................................................................................ 3-75
3.3.5 HP437 Emulation Command Code Set ................................................................................................ 3-76
3.3.6 HP438 Emulation Command Code Set ................................................................................................ 3-78
3.4 Analog Output ............................................................................................................................................ 3-80
3.4.1 Enabling & Disabling the Output ......................................................................................................... 3-80
3.4.2 Setting Options for the Output ........................................................................................................... 3-80
3.5 Averaging.................................................................................................................................................... 3-81
3.5.1 Auto Averaging .................................................................................................................................... 3-81
3.5.1.1 Activating the Auto Filter Mode ................................................................................................... 3-81
3.5.1.2 Setting the Measurement Settling Target.................................................................................... 3-81
3.5.1.3 Freezing the Present Averaging Number ..................................................................................... 3-82
3.5.2 Manual Averaging................................................................................................................................ 3-83
3.6 Cal Factors .................................................................................................................................................. 3-84
3.7 Calibration .................................................................................................................................................. 3-85
3.7.1 Calibration Routine.............................................................................................................................. 3-85
3.7.2 Calibrator Source................................................................................................................................. 3-86
3.7.3 Calibrator Test ..................................................................................................................................... 3-87
3.7.4 Channel Designation............................................................................................................................ 3-88
3.8 Crest Factor................................................................................................................................................. 3-89
3.8.1 Enabling the Crest Factor Feature....................................................................................................... 3-89
3.8.2 Reading the Crest Factor Value........................................................................................................... 3-89
3.9 Display Control ........................................................................................................................................... 3-91
3.9.1 Display Testing..................................................................................................................................... 3-91
3.9.2 Displaying Messages............................................................................................................................ 3-91
3.10 Duty Cycle Commands.............................................................................................................................. 3-92
3.10.1 Activating or Deactivating a Duty Cycle ............................................................................................ 3-92
3.10.2 Specifying a Duty Cycle...................................................................................................................... 3-92
3.10.3 Reading Duty Cycle Status................................................................................................................. 3-92
3.11 Time Gating Measurement....................................................................................................................... 3-93
3.11.1 Description ........................................................................................................................................ 3-93

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3.11.1.1 External Gating Mode................................................................................................................. 3-93
3.11.1.2 External Trigger Mode................................................................................................................ 3-93
3.11.1.3 Internal Burst Edge Detection .................................................................................................... 3-93
3.11.2 Time Gating Mode............................................................................................................................. 3-94
3.11.2.1 Gate A or B.................................................................................................................................. 3-94
3.11.2.2 OFF or GATE or TRIGGER or EDGE.............................................................................................. 3-94
3.11.2.3 INVERT or NONINVERT ............................................................................................................... 3-95
3.11.2.4 DELAY d....................................................................................................................................... 3-96
3.11.2.5 DURATION g................................................................................................................................ 3-96
3.11.2.6 HOLDOFF h ................................................................................................................................. 3-97
3.11.2.7 Error Codes................................................................................................................................. 3-97
3.12 EEPROM .................................................................................................................................................... 3-98
3.12.1 EEPROM Cal Factors .......................................................................................................................... 3-98
3.12.2 Frequency.......................................................................................................................................... 3-99
3.13 Instrument Identification ....................................................................................................................... 3-100
3.13.1 Identification Strings ....................................................................................................................... 3-100
3.14 Learn Modes........................................................................................................................................... 3-101
3.14.1 Learn Mode #1 ................................................................................................................................ 3-102
3.14.2 Requesting the String ...................................................................................................................... 3-102
3.14.2.1 Sending the String .................................................................................................................... 3-102
3.14.3 Learn Mode #2 ................................................................................................................................ 3-103
3.14.3.1 Requesting the String ............................................................................................................... 3-103
3.14.3.2 Sending the String .................................................................................................................... 3-103
3.15 Limits ...................................................................................................................................................... 3-104
3.15.1 Setting Limits................................................................................................................................... 3-104
3.15.2 Activating Limits .............................................................................................................................. 3-104
3.15.3 Measuring with Limits ..................................................................................................................... 3-105
3.16 Measurement Collection Modes (Standard) .......................................................................................... 3-106
3.16.1 Measurement Triggering................................................................................................................. 3-106
3.16.1.1 Trigger Hold (TR0)..................................................................................................................... 3-106
3.16.1.2 Trigger Immediate (TR1)........................................................................................................... 3-106
3.16.1.3 Trigger Immediate with Full Averaging (TR2)........................................................................... 3-106
3.16.1.4 Free Run (TR3) .......................................................................................................................... 3-106
3.16.2 Group Execute Trigger..................................................................................................................... 3-107
3.16.2.1 Group Trigger Hold (GT0) ......................................................................................................... 3-107
3.16.2.2 Group Trigger Immediate (GT1) ............................................................................................... 3-107
3.16.2.3 Group Trigger Immediate with Full Averaging (GT2) ............................................................... 3-107
3.17 Measurement Collection Modes (GPIB-Fast) ......................................................................................... 3-108
3.17.1 General ............................................................................................................................................ 3-108
3.17.1.1 Sensor Measurements Supported............................................................................................ 3-108
3.17.1.2 Averaging.................................................................................................................................. 3-108
3.17.1.3 Disabled Features ..................................................................................................................... 3-108
3.17.1.4 Measurement Changes ............................................................................................................ 3-108
3.17.1.5 Warning Regarding Interruption & Reconfiguration................................................................ 3-109
3.17.1.6 GPIB-Fast Mode Setup.............................................................................................................. 3-109
3.17.2 Data Output Formats for GPIB-Fast Modes .................................................................................... 3-110
3.17.2.1 For the Swift Free-Run Mode ................................................................................................... 3-110
3.17.2.2 For The Swift Triggered & Fast Buffered Modes ...................................................................... 3-110

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3.17.2.3 For the Fast Modulated Mode ................................................................................................. 3-110
3.17.3 Fast Buffered Mode......................................................................................................................... 3-111
3.17.3.1 Fast Buffered Mode Notes ....................................................................................................... 3-112
3.17.4 Swift Mode ...................................................................................................................................... 3-113
3.17.4.1 Swift Mode Notes..................................................................................................................... 3-113
3.17.4.2 Example Programs.................................................................................................................... 3-114
3.17.5 Fast Modulated Mode..................................................................................................................... 3-115
3.17.5.1 Fast Modulated Mode Notes.................................................................................................... 3-115
3.18 Measurement Mode Commands............................................................................................................ 3-116
3.18.1 CW Mode......................................................................................................................................... 3-116
3.18.2 MAP Mode....................................................................................................................................... 3-116
3.18.3 PAP Mode........................................................................................................................................ 3-117
3.18.4 BAP Mode........................................................................................................................................ 3-117
3.18.5 Peak Mode....................................................................................................................................... 3-117
3.18.6 Measurement Mode Query............................................................................................................. 3-118
3.19 Advanced Features ................................................................................................................................. 3-119
3.19.1 Burst Start Exclude .......................................................................................................................... 3-119
3.19.2 Burst End Exclude ............................................................................................................................ 3-119
3.19.3 Burst Dropout Tolerance................................................................................................................. 3-120
3.19.4 Min/Max Power Value..................................................................................................................... 3-120
3.19.4.1 Enabling the Min/Max Feature ................................................................................................ 3-120
3.19.4.2 Reading the Min/Max Values ................................................................................................... 3-121
3.19.5 Offset Commands............................................................................................................................ 3-121
3.19.5.1 Enabling/Disabling an Offset .................................................................................................... 3-122
3.19.5.2 Setting an Offset Value............................................................................................................. 3-122
3.19.6 Measured Offset Entry .................................................................................................................... 3-123
3.19.7 Peak Hold......................................................................................................................................... 3-124
3.19.7.1 Enabling the Peak Hold Feature ............................................................................................... 3-124
3.19.7.2 Reading the Peak Hold Value ................................................................................................... 3-124
3.19.8 Peak Power Sensor Commands....................................................................................................... 3-126
3.19.8.1 Series 80350A Peak Sensors..................................................................................................... 3-126
3.19.8.2 Reading Values ......................................................................................................................... 3-127
3.19.9 Preset............................................................................................................................................... 3-128
3.19.10 Relative Measurements ................................................................................................................ 3-129
3.19.11 Resolution...................................................................................................................................... 3-129
3.19.12 Sensor Selection ............................................................................................................................ 3-130
3.19.13 Status Monitoring.......................................................................................................................... 3-131
3.19.13.1 Status Byte Register................................................................................................................ 3-132
3.19.13.2 Event Status Register.............................................................................................................. 3-134
3.19.13.3 Status Message....................................................................................................................... 3-136
3.19.14 Setup.............................................................................................................................................. 3-140
3.19.14.1 Query a Stored Setup ............................................................................................................. 3-140
3.19.14.2 Store a Setup .......................................................................................................................... 3-140
3.19.15 Store & Recall ................................................................................................................................ 3-141
3.19.15.1 Saving a Configuration............................................................................................................ 3-141
3.19.15.2 Retrieving a Configuration...................................................................................................... 3-141
3.19.16 Units .............................................................................................................................................. 3-142
3.19.17 VPROPF Feature................................................................................................................................ 3-142

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3.19.17.1 Enabling & Disabling VPROPF .................................................................................................... 3-142
3.19.17.2 Configuring VPROPF................................................................................................................... 3-143
3.19.18 Zeroing........................................................................................................................................... 3-144
3.19.19 Histograms, CDF & CCDF ............................................................................................................... 3-145
3.19.19.1 Setting Histogram Mode Intervals.......................................................................................... 3-145
3.19.19.2 Histogram Range .................................................................................................................... 3-145
3.19.19.3 Enabling & Disabling Histograms HIST ................................................................................... 3-145
3.19.19.4 Histogram Query. ................................................................................................................... 3-146
3.19.20 Strip Chart...................................................................................................................................... 3-147
3.19.20.1 Strip Pause/Resume ............................................................................................................... 3-147
3.19.20.2 Strip Chart Query.................................................................................................................... 3-147
3.19.21 Statistics ........................................................................................................................................ 3-148
3.19.21.1 Statistics Enable/Disable ........................................................................................................ 3-148
3.19.21.2 Statistics Query....................................................................................................................... 3-148
3.19.22 SCPI................................................................................................................................................ 3-148
CHAPTER 4PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION .............................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 Equipment Required..................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3 Calibrator Verification Procedure................................................................................................................. 4-2
4.3.1 Calibrator Output Power Reference Level ............................................................................................ 4-2
4.3.1.1 Procedure ....................................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.3.2 Calibrator Frequency Check .................................................................................................................. 4-4
4.4 Performance Verification Tests .................................................................................................................... 4-4
4.4.1 Equipment Required.............................................................................................................................. 4-4
4.4.2 Instrument Plus Power Sensor Linearity ............................................................................................... 4-5
4.4.2.1 Test Description.............................................................................................................................. 4-5
4.4.2.2 Setup Parameters........................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.2.3 Test Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.3 GPIB Port Check..................................................................................................................................... 4-7
APPENDIX ATYPICAL APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS ................................................................................................... A-1
A.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. A-1
A.2 Continuous Data Reading.............................................................................................................................A-1
A.3 Remote Calibration of a Sensor....................................................................................................................A-1
A.4 Speed Tests: Normal & Swift........................................................................................................................ A-2
A.5 Swift Demo 1: FREERUN...............................................................................................................................A-4
A.6 Swift Demo 2: GET........................................................................................................................................A-5
A.7 Fast Buffered Demo: POST GET.................................................................................................................... A-6
A.7.1 Fast Buffered Demo: POST TTL ............................................................................................................. A-7
APPENDIX BPOWER SENSORS........................................................................................................................... B-1
B.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. B-1
B.2 Power Sensor Selection................................................................................................................................ B-1
B.2.1 Power Sensor Selection Charts ............................................................................................................. B-2
B.2.2 Modulated Sensor Specifications.......................................................................................................... B-8
B.2.2.1 80401A BAP Mode Limitations ....................................................................................................... B-9
B.2.2.2 80601A BAP Mode Limitations ..................................................................................................... B-10
B.2.2.3 80701A BAP Mode Limitations ..................................................................................................... B-11
B.2.3 Directional Bridges .............................................................................................................................. B-12

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 xv
APPENDIX COPTIONS ..................................................................................................................................... C-1
C.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. C-1
C.2 Options ......................................................................................................................................................... C-1
C.2.1 Option 01: Rack Mount Kit.................................................................................................................... C-1
C.2.2 Option 03: Rear Panel Sensor In & Calibrator Out Connectors (8651B)............................................... C-1
C.2.3 Option 04: Rear Panel Sensor In & Calibrator Out Connectors (8652B)............................................... C-2
C.2.4 Option 05: Soft Carrying Case ............................................................................................................... C-2
C.2.5 Option 07: Side-mounted Carry Handle................................................................................................ C-2
C.2.6 08: Transit Case ..................................................................................................................................... C-2
C.2.7 Option 09: Dual Power Meter Rack Mount Kit ..................................................................................... C-2
C.2.8 Option 10: Assembled Dual Power Meter Rack Mount Kit................................................................... C-2
C.2.9 Option 12: 1 GHz, 50 MHz Switchable Calibrator ................................................................................. C-2
C.2.10 Option 13: Rear Panel Sensor In Connectors (8651B) ........................................................................ C-2
C.2.11 Option 14: Rear Panel Sensor In Connectors (8652B) ........................................................................ C-2
APPENDIX DMENU STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................ D-1
D.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................D-1

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
xvi Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Fuse Holder .......................................................................................................................................... 1-5
Figure 1-2: Series 8650B Rear Panel....................................................................................................................... 1-6
Figure 2-1:8652B Front Panel Layout..................................................................................................................... 2-1
Figure 2-2: Main Menu........................................................................................................................................... 2-4
Figure 2-3: Power Meter Configuration Display..................................................................................................... 2-6
Figure 2-4: Strip Chart Illustration.......................................................................................................................... 2-8
Figure 2-5: External Gating Illustration ................................................................................................................ 2-10
Figure 2-6: External Triggering Illustration........................................................................................................... 2-11
Figure 2-7: Burst Edge Configuration Illustration................................................................................................. 2-12
Figure 2-8: Histogram Illustration......................................................................................................................... 2-13
Figure 2-9: CDF Curve Illustration......................................................................................................................... 2-14
Figure 2-10: CCDF Curve Illustration .................................................................................................................... 2-14
Figure 2-11: Configuration Display Menu............................................................................................................. 2-16
Figure 2-12: Data Line Configuration Menu ......................................................................................................... 2-17
Figure 2-13: Sensor Setup Menu .......................................................................................................................... 2-20
Figure 2-14: Setup for Sensor Calibration ............................................................................................................ 2-24
Figure 2-15: Peaking Meter .................................................................................................................................. 2-27
Figure 2-16: Burst Measurement ......................................................................................................................... 2-29
Figure 2-17: Delay & Delay Offsets....................................................................................................................... 2-32
Figure 2-18: Peak Hold ......................................................................................................................................... 2-35
Figure 2-19: Crest Factor ...................................................................................................................................... 2-36
Figure 2-20: Burst Start Exclude & Burst End Exclude.......................................................................................... 2-39
Figure 2-21: Burst Dropout................................................................................................................................... 2-40
Figure 3-1: SCPI Subsystem Model ......................................................................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-2: CALCulate Subsystem Commands........................................................................................................ 3-8
Figure 3-3: Additional CALCulate Subsystem Commands (Modulation Sensors) .................................................. 3-9
Figure 3-4: SENSe Subsystem Command Tree ..................................................................................................... 3-10
Figure 3-5: TRIGger subsystem Command Tree ................................................................................................... 3-12
Figure 3-6: SENSe Subsystem Command Tree for Configuring Modulation Sensors........................................... 3-13
Figure 3-7: SENSe Subsystem Command Tree for Configuring Modulation Sensor Gate Settings ...................... 3-13
Figure 3-8: TRIGer Sub-System Command Tree ................................................................................................... 3-27
Figure 3-9: 8650B SCPI Status Reporting Structure.............................................................................................. 3-45
Figure 3-10: 8650B IEEE 488.2 Status Reporting Structure ................................................................................ 3-131
Figure 4-1: Calibrator Output Test Setup ............................................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4-2:Power Linearity Test Setup ................................................................................................................... 4-5

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 xvii
List of Tables
Table 1-1: Series 8650B Rear Panel I/O Connectors............................................................................................... 1-6
Table 1-2: Measurement Rates ............................................................................................................................ 1-11
Table 3-1: Implemented IEEE Standards ................................................................................................................ 3-1
Table 3-2: IEEE Required Command Codes ............................................................................................................ 3-7
Table 3-3: SCPI Command Syntax......................................................................................................................... 3-15
Table 3-4: SCPI Status Byte Register..................................................................................................................... 3-46
Table 3-5: SCPI Event Status Register................................................................................................................... 3-48
Table 3-6: SCPI Operation Status Register............................................................................................................ 3-50
Table 3-7: Reset & Power On Default Commands (w/ CW Power Sensor Initialized).......................................... 3-60
Table 3-8: SCPI Standard Error Messages............................................................................................................. 3-64
Table 3-9: Device Specific Error Messages ........................................................................................................... 3-65
Table 3-10: 8650B IEEE 488.2 Command Set ....................................................................................................... 3-69
Table 3-11: 8540C Emulation Command Set........................................................................................................ 3-72
Table 3-12: HP436 Emulation Command Set ....................................................................................................... 3-75
Table 3-13: HP437 Emulation Command Set ....................................................................................................... 3-76
Table 3-14: HP438 Emulation Command Set ....................................................................................................... 3-78
Table 3-15: Measurement Setting Target Default Values.................................................................................... 3-81
Table 3-16: Number Averaging............................................................................................................................. 3-83
Table 3-17: Learn Mode #1 Output Format ....................................................................................................... 3-102
Table 3-18: Preset (Default) Conditions ............................................................................................................. 3-128
Table 3-19: IEEE 488.2 Status Byte Register....................................................................................................... 3-132
Table 3-20: IEEE 488.2 Event Status Register..................................................................................................... 3-134
Table 3-21: Measurement Error Code Returned in Position AA ........................................................................ 3-137
Table 3-22: Entry Error Code Returned in Position aa ....................................................................................... 3-138
Table 3-23: Other Codes in the Status Message ................................................................................................ 3-139
Table 4-1: Performance Verification – Required Equipment List........................................................................... 4-1

Introduction
Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017 1-1
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 General Information
The Series 8650B Universal Power Meters are digital-controlled, self-calibrating instruments that can measure
RF and microwave signal power over a wide range of frequencies and levels in a variety of measurement modes.
They can be operated locally from the front panel or remotely over the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB),
Universal Serial Bus (USB), or Local Area Network (LAN). See Section 1.3 for performance specifications. The
8650B is available as the single-channel Model 8651B or the dual-channel Model 8652B, which can
simultaneously measure and display signal data for two channels.
The 8650B and the Series 806XXA or Series 807XXA power sensors offer enhanced performance in the
measurement of complex modulation signals in the communication industry. The 8650B maintains the
functionality of Giga-tronics 8650A, 8540B, and 8540C power meters and compatibility with all existing power
sensor models.
NOTE: The optional 1 GHz Calibrator is required for operation with Series 807XXA and Series 813XXA
Power Sensors (See Option 12 in Appendix C).
1.1.1 Features
•CW, Peak, and Modulation Power Meter with Burst Mask Testing
•More than 26,000 Readings/Second in the Fast Buffered Mode (GPIB only)
•90 dB Dynamic Range CW Sensors (Sensor specific)
•+0.3% Linearly per Degree Centigrade of Temperature Change
•True Dual-Channel Display
•SCPI Command Modes (GPIB, USB, and LAN)
•Compatable with Measurement Xpress, Giga-tronics power analysis software (GPIB, USB, and LAN)
•HP 438A, 437B & 436 Native Mode Emulation (GPIB Only)
•Giga-tronics 8540B & 8540C Native Mode Emulation (GPIB Only)
•EEPROM Based CAL FACTOR Correction Sensors
•Modulated Average Power (MAP) Mode
•Pulse Average Power (PAP) Mode
•Burst Average Power (BAP) Mode
•Triggered (Time-Gated) Measurement Mode
•Wide Modulation Bandwidth (Series 8650B is capable of Accurately Measuring Signals w/ Modulation
Frequencies up to 10 MHz with the Series 807XXA Sensors)
•Dual-Channel Modulated Measurements with the 8652B and the Series 806XXA or Series 807XXA Power
Sensors
•Strip Chart Function to View the Power Over a Selective Period of 40 Seconds to 200 Minutes
•Statistical Functions Including Mean & Standard Deviation and Graphical Displays of Histogram,
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) and Complementary CDF (CCDF)
•Upgradable Firmware via the USB or RS-232 Port

Series 8650B Universal Power Meters
1-2 Publication 31470-001, Rev C, November 2, 2017
1.1.2 Environmental Standards
The Series 8650B instruments are type tested to MIL-PRF-28800F, Class 3 for all departments and agencies of
the Department of Defense applications except as follows:
•Operating temperature range is 0 °C to 55 °C (Calibrator operating temperature range is 5 °C to 35 °C)
•Operating the 8651B/8652B Power Meters in a high level RF field (approximately 3 V/m) may degrade
performance, this degradation occurs at measured levels below -36 dBm and when the frequency of
the field is nominally between 50 and 1000 MHz
•Non-operating (storage) temperature range is -40 °C to +70 °C
•Relative humidity is limited to 95% non-condensing
1.1.3 Power Requirements
100/120/220/240 Vac ±10%, 48-440 Hz, 20 W, typical. See Section 1.2.1 for details to set the voltage and install
the correct fuse for the area in which the instrument will be used.
1.1.4 Items Furnished
In addition to options and/or accessories specifically ordered, items furnished with the instrument are:
•Operation Manual (P/N 31470-001)
•Power Cord (1 ea.)
•Detachable Sensor Cable (for Model 8651B) (1 ea.), or
•Detachable Sensor Cables (for Model 8652B) (2 ea.)
1.1.5 Items Required
The 8650B requires an external power sensor; see Appendix B for Power Sensor specifications.
NOTE: The optional 1 GHz Calibrator is required for operation with Series 807XXA and Series 813XXA
Power Sensors (See Option 12 in Appendix C).
1.1.6 Cooling
No cooling is required if the instrument is operated within its specified operating temperature range (0 to 50 °
C).
1.1.7 Cleaning
The front panel can be cleaned using a cloth dampened with a mild detergent; wipe off the detergent residue
with a damp cloth and dry with a dry cloth. Solvents and abrasive cleaners should not be used.