HP 10S User manual

HP 10s Scientific Calculator
User's Guide
f} ®
Part Number: F2214-90001 ¢ yy
First Edition: 01/2007 invent

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MANUAL OR THE EXAMPLES CONTAINED HEREIN.
© Copyright 2005, 2007 Hewlett-Packard Development
Company, L.P.
Reproduction, adaptation, or translation of this
manual is prohibited without prior written permission
of Hewlett-Packard Company, except as allowed
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Contents
NG Ceieiscs. Secdccceiweslsdici cd Sead ea stencil 1
Using the Protective Case.........:::::1sse 4
Safety PreCQUTIONS sssss0:+ssceseccsscsesssccseeoeseenn A
Other Precautions.....-----.:ccccccccccccccseeeeeeeeees 5
Two-Line Display.........-:-:::seeeeteeeereees 7
Preparing to Use the Calculator............-.-. 7
Modes edeSea ges ATERE SEDER Hee tong esRDasmOrelewsigeene hs 7:
Input Limit .....-0---0seeeesseeseeeeeeeeereeeeeeeeees 8
Error Correction when Entering -------.+---++++ 9
Recalling a Previous Calculation .............. 9
Error Indicator .-----:---:::1cceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes 10
Multi-statement sa avateigiaip less eioteleib 8G @ase-sie ig dla Ha awislenerniste 10
Exponent Display Format........-....----:000++ 10
Decimal Point and Separator............-.....-- 11
Initializing the Calculator «-...-......-.::006 11
Basic Calculations ......::::ccc:cccccessceeessseeeeeee |
Arithmetic Operations ----...----:secreereeees iE
Calculation with Fractions..------------1+eee++ 12
Calculation with fractions:..-.-..-..+++++++00+ 12
Converting between decimal and fractional
display isa oelSiatstaaibseamrslaSicie wa sia sibisis nate Geise able snicla's 13
Converting between Mixed and Improper
Fractions:--:-::-sssseeeceecceeeseeceesseeseeenaees 13
Calculating Percentages.-..-..-:.-:::sreeee 14
About Calculating Percentages ----------+++- 14
Calculations Involving Degrees, Minutes
And Seconds «.--.---.ccssccecceeeeeeeeeeceeeaeeeeenes 15
FIX, SCI;RND s.00s: S.ictensetisstescteccetetsdenees 15
Calculations Involving the Memory -...-.--.- 17
Ans Memory...--...-:1sceesreteseeseeeeeseeeneeenans 17
Continuous Calculation......--.::--1::eseeeereeees 17
2

Variable M......-:::cccccseeeeceeeeeeeceeeaneeeeeeeanees 18
Variables
Scientific FUnctions........::000000scsssessessssseeees 19
Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric
FUNCHOMNSssssssdesepuidacesscecstsesesrisasieeaseeseseees 19
Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic
PUN CHONG :s<s0csaeesewekechnues oesedecdgcacnarmecnienweee 20
Common Logarithms, Natural Logarithms
and Antilogarithms --..-----+:--:+:::reseeeeees 20
Square Root, Cube Root, Root, Square,
Cube, Reciprocal, Factorial, Random
Number, Circumference Ratio(z),
Permutation and Combination --+-+++---+++++++ 20
Converting Angular Measurements -....----- 21
Coordinate Systems ( Pol (2 ,y),Rec (1,@)) ---- 22
Expressing Numbers in Engineering
FOrmatesceccscssccee st ieatevsassteicsensgs seatieseseees 22
SHObiStiCs sce. ececeechangeotevcenciecust cae ccaerardaeriel
Standard Deviation-SD
Regression-REG..............
Linear Regression:-+--+-+++++++ss+seeeeeeereeee
Logarithmic, Exponential, Mathematical
Power and Inverse Regression---------.--+- 28
Quadratic Regression -----...:::eseseeeeeeeeeee 28
Technical Data 29
Troubleshooting ------:+:::s:cserereeeteesseeseeees 29
Error Messages. ..--+----:sscssssretsteeeseeeseeenaees 30
Input Range ua SeRGRe oniebateaetew eed iguseaabuawacmuenees 3]
Sequence of Operations ...-...--.:-eeeee 33
S eas diccccstaescansatanenscaureuasesacanandenwecues teres 34
Automatic Power-Saver -----..:::sseececeeseeeeees 35
Specifications Y decuateanaueny besecteseueeurenanen ees 35
Regulatory Information.....-.-.-::::0eeee 37
Customer Suppoflt «-.----.-:eecereeeereeeereteeeees 40

Using the protective case
Please do not slide the protective case over the LCD.
1. Before use, slide the calculator out of the
protective case as shown below.
2. After use, slide the protective case onto the
calculator, as shown below.
Safety Precautions
Before using this calculator, please read the following
safety precautions carefully. Keep this manual handy
so that you can refer to it when needed.
4

Notice A
This symbol indicates that there is a risk of injury or
damage if the specified safety precautions are ignored.
Battery
@ Keep battery out of the reach of children. If a
battery is swallowed, seek urgent medical
advice.
@ Do not charge, attempt to disassemble, short
circuit, or apply heat to the battery.
@ When installing a new battery, orient it such
that the positive sign is facing upwards.
@ Use only the battery specified in this manual.
Disposing of the calculator
@ Do not dispose of this calculator in an incinerator.
It might explode and cause injury or fire.
@ The representations of the display and the keys in
this manual are for explanatory purposes only
and may not exactly match what you see on the
calculator.
Other Precautions
@ Before using this calculator for the first time,
press the [ON key.
@ The battery may lose some charge between the
time the calculator leaves the factory and the
time when it is purchased. Thus the original
battery may not last as long as a new battery.
i)

@ When battery power is very low, the calculator's
memory may become corrupt or be lost
completely. To avoid loss of important
information, keep a copy of it elsewhere.
@ Avoid storing or using the calculator under
extreme temperature conditions.
low temperature will slow the calculator's
response time, cause the display to appear
incomplete, and shorten the life of the battery. In
addition, the calculator should not be directly
exposed to the sun or placed near a heater. High
temperature may cause the casing to fade, distort
the casing, or damage the internal circuitry.
@ Avoid storing or using the calculator in damp
conditions or when there is high humidity or excessive
dust. Doing so will damage the internal circuitry.
@ Do not drop the calculator or allow it to be
subjected to extreme force.
@ Do not twist, bend or otherwise distort the
calculator.
@ Note: Carrying the calculator in a pocket could
cause it to twist or bend.
@ Do not use a pen or other pointed object to press
the calculator's keys.
@ Use a soft dry cloth to clean the calculator.
Opening the case of calculator voids the warranty.
If the calculator is very dirty, a neutral household
cleanser diluted in water can be used to clean it.
Dip a cloth in the solution and wring it out before
applying it to the calculator. Do not use benzine,
a diluting agent or any other volatile solvent to
clean the calculator. Doing so may damage the
casing and the keys.

Two-Line Display
The calculator shows both the expression being
calculated and the result of the calculation. These
appear ina two-line display.
@ The expression being calculated is shown on the
upper line.
@ The result is shown on the lower line.
If the result has more than three digits, a separator
appears before each group of three digits.
Preparing to Use the Calculator
m@ Modes
Choose the appropriate mode before performing a
calculation.
Type of Calculation | Operation | Calculation mode
Basic Calculation Woe] (1 COMP
Standard Deviation | [Mo] [2 SD
Calculation using
Regression
Mook] [3 REG
@ Press the key to display each settings screen
in turn. Each settings screen is described later in
this guide.
@ Throughout this guide, the mode setting required
for each type of calculation is given when the
calculation is explained.
7

Notes
To return the calculator to its default settings,
as indicated below press [sin] [2] (Mode) &
in that order. The default settings are:
Calculation mode : COMP
Angle unit: Deg
Exponent display format: Norm]
Fraction display: ab/c
Decimal point character: Dot
The mode indicator appears in the upper part of
the display.
Before calculating, check the current mode
setting (COMP, REG or SD) and the angle unit
(Deg, Rad or Grad).
Input Limit
The memory of the calculator can accommodate
79 steps in any one calculation. When you press
a number key or an arithmetic operator key (Ei,
| — FF _ EB). it occupies one step. Pressing
(SHIF] or (Ath) does not occupy a step. So pressing
(sat) (-], for example, takes up only one step.
When you input the 73" step of any calculation,
the cursor changes from “__ " to“ I” to alert you
to the fact that the capacity of the memory is
almost used up. If what you want to input contains
more than 79 steps, separate the calculation into
two or more smaller calculations and then combine
them as you go.
Press to recall the previous result, which can
then be used in the next calculation. Please see
the section on Key Memory for more information
about the [Ans] key.

Error Correction when Entering
Press [4] or [®] to move the cursor to the position
needed.
Press to delete the digit or function at the
position of the cursor.
Press the [sim] [INS] keys to activate the insertion
cursor Lj. Whatever you insert now will appear
at the cursor's current position.
Press the [SHR] [INS] key to return the cursor to its normal
functioning.
Recalling a Previous Calculation
Each calculation and its result is kept in memory.
Press [a] to recall the previous calculation and
its results. Press the [a] key again to recall the next
previous calculation, and so on.
When a previous calculation is recalled, you can
activate editing mode by pressing[<] or [>].
After any calculation, the calculation can be
edited by pressing [=] or [®] immediately.
Pressing [Ac] does not clear the calculation
memory. Therefore, when you press again,
the previous calculations are still available.
The capacity of the calculation memory to store
expressions and calculation results is 128 bytes.
The calculation memory is cleared if the:
: key is pressed
~ (sHiT} [CLR] (2 } (or[3 }) Ej are pressed (which initializes
the calculator)
- calculation mode is changed
- power supply is turned off

g@ Error Indicator
@ If an error occurs, press [=<] or [6]. The calculation
reappears and the cursor is located where the error is.
mg Multi-statement
A multi-statement is an expression consisting of two or
more smaller expressions. The expressions are separated
by a colon (:)
m Exponent Display Format
The calculator can display up to 10 digits. Values
needing more than 10 digits will automatically be
displayed in exponent notation. Two exponent
formats are available.
@ To change the display format, press repeatedly
until the appropriate settings screen appears.
Fix Sci Norm
] 2 3
@ For an exponent setting, press[3]. In the settings
screen that appears, press [1] to choose Norm 1
or [2] to choose Norm 2.
@ Norm 1
Exponent notation is applied automatically to any
number whose absolute value is greater than or
equal to 10” orless than 10”.
@ Norm 2
Exponent notation is applied automatically to
any number whose absolute value is greater than
or equal to 10"° orless than 10°.
@ In this manual, results are expressed in Norm 1 format.
10

m= Decimal Point and Separator
The display setting (Disp) screen is used to specify
the required decimal mark and the character to use
before groups of three digits.
@ To change these settings, press repeatedly until
the settings screen appears.
Disp
]
@ Press [1] [®] to display the settings screen.
@ Press the number key ( [1] or [2] ) corresponding
to the setting you want:
(Dot) : Decimal point and comma separator
[2](Comma) : Decimal comma and point separator
i)
m Initializing the Calculator
@ To initialize the calculator (which clears the memory
and all variables, and resets all modes to their
default settings) press: [3] (ALL)
Basic Calculations
m Arithmetic Operations
To perform a basic calculation, select COMP mode
by pressing [ix] -
@ When raising negative values to powers, make
sure that the negative sign is inside the
parentheses around the value. Please see the
section on Sequence of Operations (page 33) for
more information.
11

Anegative exponent does not need to be in parentheses.
sin 4.56X10° — [sin] 4.56 (Ex?) (©) 8
Example 1:3X(4X107)=1.2X10°
3B 4 O)7
Example 2: 2X(3+4)=14
2B 34s
You can omit the (1 ] at the end of an expression
if the next key you press is Ey.
Calculation with fractions
A value is automatically displayed in decimal
format if the total number of digits of the fraction
(integer + numerator + denominator + semicolon)
is greater than 10.
V2 led
Example 1: ete a5
le) 3G 2e) 5 El 11415.
] 3 ]
:3o422=6-
Example 2 35 rr 67
3 [ae] 1 fae] 2 Ee
2 [ab] 3 [ae] 4 Ea 64144.
6 2
Example 3: 973 6 | 9 Es
Example 4: 3+1.8=2.05 le) 41.8 Ea
A calculation involving a fraction and a decimal
generally yields a decimal result.
12

@ Converting between decimal and fractional display
@ Example 1: 3.25=34 3235 a 3.25
(Decimal<—>Fraction) 34144.
13.44.
@ Example 2: : ~>0.2
(Fraction<—>Decimal) 1 5 Lad.
abje 0.2
ab/c 145.
@ Converting between Mixed and Improper Fractions
3
@ Example: 27 «+ —
4 4
2 (ab) 3 [ab] 4 Ee 25344.
(sHiFT} [d/c] 1134.
(suirt) (7<] 24344.
@ Tochange the fraction display format, press Mo
repeatedly until the following screen appears.
Disp
]
13

Press [1] to display the settings screen.
Press the number key ( or [2] ) corresponding
to the setting required:
[1] (ab/e ) : Mixed fraction
[2] (d/e ) : Improper fraction
If you choose the d/c display format and enter a
mixed fraction, an error will occur.
Calculating percentages
About Calculating Percentages
Example 1: Calculate 15% of 1000 ? (150)
1000 E@ 15 [suet] (%)
Example 2: What percentage of 440 is 330? (75%)
330 EE 440 [sar] (%
Example 3: 1000 plus 15% ? 1150)
1000 EM 15 (si) (4)
Example 4: 1000 minus 15% ? (850)
1000 E@ 15 (sir) (%)
Example 5: If the original weight of a sample is 400g
and a further 100g is added to it, what is the new
weight as a percentage of the old weight? (125%)
100 EB 400 [sain] (.% J
Example 6: If the temperature increases from 60°C
to 66°C, what is the percentage increase? What is
it when the temperature increases to 69°C?
(10%, 15%)
66 Ed 60 [sin )
CaCaas =|
14

Calculations Involving Degrees, Minutes and
Seconds
You can convert between sexagesimal and
decimal numbers.
Example 1: Convert the decimal number 1.234 to
its sexagesimal equivalent and then back to a
decimal number again.
1.234 1.234
(sHiFT) (553) 1° 14°2.4
[] 1.234
Example 2: Calculate 12° 34’ 56” X7.89
12) 34 b) 56 b>) ES 7.89 EB 99°16°25.44
FIX, SCI, RND
To change the display format settings, press
repeatedly until the screen below appears.
Fix Sci Norm
] 2 3
Press the number key ((1] ,(2] or[3})
corresponding to the setting you want to change.
1] (Fix) :To set the number of decimal places
[2] (Sci) :To set the number of significant digits
[3](Norm): To set the display format to norma
Example 1: 100+3x15
100 E39 15 500.
(Now specify that you want numbers displayed
with 3 decimal places. )
FIX
500.000
(MODE) +--+ 1] (Fix) (3)
15

(Note that only the display precision gets fixed to
3 digits. The calculations are still performed with
the complete number.)
100 Ei 3 33.333
DB 500.000
(Note that you can also force the calculator to
round a number to the number of decimal places
you have specified.)
100 a3 El 33.333
(Internally Rounded) 33.333
| x Ben = | 499.995
@ Press [Nove --- +++ [3] (Norm) (1) to cancel the settings.
@ Example 2: 2+3
Display the result with two significant digits(Sci 2)
HOD)
«++
oe
[2]
(Sci)
[2]
scl
29M
67a
You can also display result in 10 significant digits
Sci 10) using (Sci) (0)
@ Press [Ho] ----- [3] (Norm) (1) to cancel settings.
16

Calculations Involving the Memory
To perform a calculation involving the memory,
press to enter COMP mode.
m Ans Memory
@ The Ans memory is updated with each new
calculation when you press &§.
It is also updated when you press {sim} (%], [M+] ,
[M-] or after a letter (A to F, or M, X, or
Y).
Pressing recalls the contents of the Ans memory.
The Ans memory can only store one value at a
time.
The Ans memory is not updated if an error occurs
when you use any of the above mentioned keys
for a calculation.
Continuous Calculation
The result currently displayed can be used as the
first value in the next calculation. Simply press an
operator key. Ans appears on the screen,
indicating that the last answer obtained is to be
used in the calculation.
The previous result can also be used by the following
functions:
(
x?,
x°,
x,
x!,
DRG>),+,
—,*(x"),
Yo. X, +, nProrncr.
17

mg Variable M
@ You can use the variable M to compute
accumulated totals which can be put into the
variable M directly, or they can also be added to or
subtracted from the number stored in variable M.
@ To clear all the numerical values in the
separate variable M, press[_0 J (sHiF] [sto] (M+)
12+3=15 12 EB 3 (sunr) (sto) (4) (M+)
45-6 = 39 45 Gl 6 [Me]
— 38X2=76 38 E@ 2 [sart) (M-]
(Total) —22 (rct} (M] (M+)
m Variables
@ There are 9 variables: Ato F, M, Xand Y. These
are used for storing data, constants, calculation
results and other numerical values.
@ To clear a single variable, store zero into it. For
example, [0]
This clears variable A.
@ Toclear the values of all variables, press
(1) (Mcl)
@ Example:
1234+20= 61.7
1234+25 = 49.36
1234 [suit] (st
18

Scientific Functions
To perform a scientific function calculation, press
to enter COMP mode.
@ Some scientific calculations may take longer than
other types of calculations.
@ You can start the next calculation after the
calculation result displays on the screen .
@ 7=3.14159265359
m= Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions
@ To change the current angle units (degrees,
radians or grads), press repeatedly until
the following screen appears.
Deg Rad Gra
1 2 3
@ Now press the number key ( [1], [2] or [3))
corresponding to the angle unit you want to use.
(Note that 90°= 5 radians = 100 grads )
@ Example 1: sin]12° 34’ 56” =0.217840422
(woo) ------(1} (Deg) — (sinl 1 2 G+] 34 >) 56 Go)
@ Example 2: cos( q rad)=0.5
(Woot) --+-+-( 2] (Rad) (cos) (¢_) (swt) (7) 3 |
@ Example 3: cos"! & =0.252(rad)(= 7 (rad))
Wong)... [2] (Rad)
Ge O2M20 Be) Boz) eS
@ Example 4: tan'0.789=38.27343992
(Wong) -.- -.- [1] (Deg) (SH [ton] 0.789
19