HP HP-65 User manual
.
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Quick
Reference
€10](e
=
This
booklet
is
primarily
intended
for
reference
use
after
you
read
the
HP-65
Owner’s
Hand-
book.
The
Procedures
section
(f1-110)
is
a
brief
digest
for the
user
who
needs
a
quick
re-
view
of
the
more
important
operating
proce-
dures.
The
Key
Dictionary
(11-67)
provides
easy
access
to
the
details
of
the
individual
key
operations
and
switches.
All
symbols
on
the
HP-65
keyboard
are
presented
in
alphabetic
order
in
the
dictionary;
non
alphabetic
symbols
(c.g.,
®
,[7])
are
at
the
front
(f11-714).
A
genceral
Index
is
provided
at
the
end.
Procedures
(11-110)
1.
W/PRGM-RUN
Switch
Set
to:
mmm
RUN
position
to
calculate,
to
run
a
program,
to
read
a
pre-programmed
card.
=
Set
to:
W/
PRGM
mmm
position
to
clear
program
memory,
to
key
in
a
program,
to edit a
program,
to
write
a
program
on
a
magnetic
card.
2.
Doing
Arithmetic
in
the
Stack
Compute
By
Pressing
8—-2=6
8
ENTER#
2
8+-2=4
8
[ENTER%
2
-Io
(4X35)
(2+43)
shown
below.
Compute:
—6
—
—2
using
the
keys
Contents
of
Stack
Registers
20|
20
4
4
200
2|
2
|
20
X
4/
4
5/
20
223
5
4
Key
(4]
¥
[5)
™
[2]
&
(3]
#
NOTE:
ENTER%
s
here
abbreviated
as
#
<
N
-
-2
4
6
@_
3.
Data
Entry
Entering
Negative
Numbers.
=
Press
[CHS
(change
sign)
after
keying
in
the
positive
value.
Example:
to
key
in
—12,
press
12
[CHS
.
Entering
Big
and
Small
Numbers
(Scientific
Format).
Method:
@
Key
in
mantissa
@
Press
CHS
if
ncgative
number
®
Press
[EEX
@
Key
in
exponent
®
Press
[GHS
if
exponent
is
nega-
tive.
®
Example:
To
key
in
5
X
1075,
press
5
EEX
8
CHS
.
Correcting
Mistakes.
Press
[€LX
and
rcenter
the
number.
PRINTED
IN
U.S.A
©
HEWLETT-PACKARD
COMPANY,
1974
Procedures
4.
Display
Controlling
Display.
To
display
x,
rounded
to
n
fixed
decimal
places,
press
BRg
[+
[n]
(where
n—=20,1,...,9).
To
display
x
in
scientific
notation,
rounded
to
n
places,
press
BEg
[n].
=
Display
can
also
be
set
by
a
program.
Blinking
Display.
=
Blinking
display
occurs
when
an
illegal
operation
is
attempted
(Example:
5
—
0).
Depressing
any
key
stops
the
blinking
without
doing
the
key
function.
=
Blinking
occurs
when
a
program
card
is
misread
(or
blank).
=
See
the
Key
Dictionary
for
the
limitations
on
the
follow-
ing:
[n],
[Lod),
(],
[sw],
[cog],
[oms+
],
(cowms],
[=oct],
[,
5],
B
.
Multiple
Decimal
Points.
The
display
also
indicates
low
battery
power
(all
decimal
points
light
up).
5.
Prefix
Operations
Performing
‘“Gold”
Functions
(Upshift).
Rule:
Prefix
gold
function
keys
by
il
to
do
the
func-
tion
or
[
to
do
the
inverse.
=
Example:
Cal-
culate
log
(100)
=
2
by
pressing
100
[l
.
=
Example:
Calculate
antilog
(2)
=
100
(the
inverse)
by
pressing
[
[LOc].
Performing
“Blue”
Functions
(downshift).
=
Prefix
blue
function
keys
by
[@l.
=
Example:
Calculate
5!
=
120
by
pressing
5
@
[]]
.
Correcting
or
Cancelling
a
Prefix.
=
To
correct
a
wrong
prefix,
merely
press
the
correct
prefix.
=
To
cancel
a
prefix,
press
[f
[PREr0C]
.
=
Other
prefix
keys
are
BEg,
(€5
.
S0
,
We
.
[N
.
16.
Angular
Mode
Operations
involving
angles
(namely,
,
[SIv],
,[72N],[F=7])
assume
the
angles
to
be
in
the
units
(degrees,
radians,
or
grads)
of
the
prevailing
angular
mode
as
sct
by
(or
power
on),
[RAD],
or
[GRD].
=
360
degrees
—2r
ra-
dians
=
400
grads.
*
Converting
from
One
Angular
Mode
to
Another:
DEG DEG
W
GO
WG
GO
o)
/7.
Storage
Register
Operations
Storing
a
Number
in
Addressable
Register
R,.
®
Key
in
number
to
be
stored.
@
Press
[§§@
[n]
(where
n
is
a
digit
1,
. .
.,
9).
Recalling
a
Num-
ber
from
R,.
Press
[B8E
[n]
(where
n
is
a
digit
1,
»
9).
Procedures
Doing
Storage
Register
Arithmetic.
Subtraction.
(r,
—
x
—
R,):
810
=
[n].
Addition,
(r,
+
x
>
R,):
%0
¥
[n].
Multiplication.
(r,
X
x
—>
R,):
§%0
¥
[n].
Division.
(r,
—
x
>
R,):
§%0
&
[n].
where
[n]is
a
digit
1,
. .
.,
9.
x
is
unchanged
in
these
operations.
8.
Clearing
Registers
=
Press
X
to
clear
X
register.
=
Press
[
[57¢]
to
clear
entire
stack
(X,
Y,
Z,
and
T)
= Press
E
to
clear
all
storage
registers
(R,,...,Ry)
=
Power
on
clears
all
registers.
9.
Programming
Program
Memory.
=
Used
to
contain
user’s
stored
program.
Capacity:
100
locations
=
Top
is
above
1st
location.
=
Bottom
is
last
location
=
The
Pointer,
an
internal
part
of
the
calculator,
determines
which
memory
location
is
executed
or
displayed.
In
W/PRGM
Mode,
keystrokes
are
stored
in
memory
as
codes:
The
address
for
top
of
memory
is
00
00.
The
codes
for
keys
0-9,
are
00
—
09.
For
other
keys,
the
code
denotes
row
and
column.
Example:
Code
for
(row
8,
column
4)
is
84.
User
Defined
Functions.
The
top
row
keys
are
used
to
call
a
user
defined
function.
When
the
calculator
is
turned
on,
default
functions
are
de-
fined
as
shown
in
the
window
above
the
top
row.
Alternate
functions
may
be
keyed
in
or
read
from
a
magnetic
program
card.
Pressing
a
top
row
key
finds
the
function
and
executes
it.
To
Write
a
Function:
identify
the
beginning
by
followed
by
the
top
row
key
that
is
to
call
it.
End
the
function
with
GI].
Example:
3
((ENTERY
ENTER®
¢
%))
The
keys
in
parentheses
calculate
x*,
Keying
in
a
function:
®
Set
W/PRGM-RUN
switch
to
W/PRGM.
®
Press
'f|
"7V
to
clear
program
memory.
®
Press
the
keys
in
the
order
shown
([ERA
.
.
in
the
sample
case).
If
you
make
a
mistake,
press
&
(to
delete
the
error)
and
press
the
correct
key.
To
execute
the
function
(from
key-
board):
®
Set
W/PRGM-RUN
switch
to
RUN.
®
Press
the
appropriate
top
row
key.
For
the
sample
case,
to
compute
2*
—
8,
press
2[@;
to
compute
3*
—
27, press
3
@;
etc.
A
user
defined
function
can
also
be
executed
from
a
program
by
merely
including
the
corresponding
top
row
key
in
the
program.
Revising
(Editing)
a
Program.
To
move
the
pointer
to
the
top
of
memory,
press
LRl
in
RUN
mode.
To
move
the
pointer
to
a
label,
press
(in
RUN
mode)
[f]]
[n]
where
n
is
the
same
digit
or
top
row
key
as
in [n]
(the
label).
To
step
through
your
program,
use
in
W/PRGM
mode
(See
156).
You
will
see
the
successive
pro-
gram
codes
in
the
display.
=
To
insert
a
step
below
the
currently
displayed
step,
just
key
in
the
new
operation
in
W/PRGM
mode.
(See
132).
To
delete a
step
or
correct
a
mistake,
press
8
in
W/PRGM
mode
(See
121).
Both
overflow
and
underflow
of
a
register
will
stop
a
program.
1110.
Using
Magnetic
Cards
Reading
a
Pre-recorded
Card.
=
Set
W/PRGM-RUN
switch
to
RUN.
=
Insert
the
card
in
the
right
lower
slot,
=
If
the
card
does
not
read
properly,
display
will
flash
and
program
memory
will
be
cleared
(but,
with
no
effect
on
registers).
Press
and
reinsert
the
card.
Recording
(Writing)
on
a
Program
Card.
=
Set
W/PRGM-RUN
switch
to
W/PRGM.
=
Insert
unprotected
(unclipped)
card
in
right
lower
slot.
=
Protect
the
card
by
clipping
the
notched
corner.
Key
Dictionary
(711-167)
This
section
contains
reference
entries
for
all
keys
with
their
associated
symbols.
In
addi-
tion,
the
following
entries
are
included.
Insert,
1132.
Last
X,
934.
Merged
Codes,
739.
OFF-ON
Switch,
§43.
Stack
Lift,
157.
W/PRGM-RUN
Switch,
162.
A
|
9
2osas
‘
2@oe2o
EE3A
&3
PR
ETA
)
“
=
STk
o
|
PREFIX
111
=,
¥,
X,
%
Arithmetic
Operations.
Calcu-
late
respectively:
(y
—x),
(y
+
x),
(y
X
X),
y
=x).
= =
Contents
l
Register
t
T
T
z
\z
y
Y
X
<result-X
Last
X
For
storage
register
arithmetic,
see
59.
112
[0]
.
. .
[9]
Digits.
Digits
are
used:
@
to
enter
data
(73),
@
to
specify
registers
(159,
1149),
®
to
label
program
steps
(135,
131),
@
to
specify
displayed
decimal
places
(124).
=
113
[+]
Decimal
Point.
The
(-]
key
is
also
used
to
specify
fixed
decimal
display
(724).
=
14
Inserts
=
(3.141592654)
into
the
stack
X
register.
= &
15
B.8.8.0
.3
Top
Row
Keys.
When
used
without
a
prefix,
a
top
row
key
finds
and
executes
a
user
defined
function.
=
Used
as
suffix
for
(1135)
and
(131).
=
Precaution:
Power
on
automatically
in-
serts
5
functions
[}
-
@
in
memory.
Press
[
[Prcv
]
in
W/PRGM
mode
to
clear
them.
=
Top
ro
‘
tack
lift
un
116
Absolute
Value.
If
x
is
negative,
mdkes
it
posmve
m
S
1
Last
X.
=
g
)
v
See
T15.
@
See
117
[6HS
Change
Sign.
Changes
the
sign
of
the
number
in
the
stack
X
register
unless the
[EEX
key
has
been
pushed;
in
this
case
the
exponent
sign
is
reversed,
instead.
=
First
non
zero
digit
of a
number
entry
gives
x
a
positive
sign.
®
Once
a
number
is
ter-
minated
(by
a
key
other
than
a
digit,
CHS
or
[EEX
),
the
[GHS
key
cannot
reverse
the
exponent
sign.
In
such
a case
[CHS
re-
verses
the
sign
of the
number.
=
No
effect
118
[CLX
Clear
X
Register.
)i:!
stack
lift
Key
Dictionary
119
Cosine
([
prefix)
/
Arc
Cosine
([
pre-
fix)
(principal
value,
0°
<
result
<
180°
or
equivalent
in
radians
or
grads).
=
u m
X
less
than
—1
or
greater
than
1
gives
error
(blinking
zero)
for
arc
cosine.
=
Bl
See
T1s.
120
Set
Degree
Angular
Mode.
=
Affects
angle
21
operations
([
~0.s
|,
,
,
s
=),
-
Delete
Program
Step.
=
With
W/PRGM-
RUN
switch
in
W/PRGM
position,
@
®
deletes
the
program
step
denoted
by
the
program
pointer
(19),
@
moves
all
the
following
steps
up
one
step,
and
@
in-
serts
a
@
code
in
the
vacated
bottom
position
of
memory.
=
Inoperative
during
run
mode,
(
|8
[0t
acts
as
€%
)
=
[§)
can
be
used
to
back
up
the
pointer
(after
which
you
reinsert
the
deleted
codes).
=
If
memory
is
full
(i.e.,
a
minus
sign
shows
in
display),
8
[DEL]loses
bot-
tom
memory
step.
=
If
the
program
pointer
is
at
the
bottom
(i.e.,
2
minus
signs
show
in
display),
&
deletes
2
locations.
=
122
Converts
to
([f
prefix)
or
from
([
prefix)
Degrees,
Minutes,
Seconds.
=
Converts
the
contents
of the
X
register
(in
degrees,
radians,
or
grads)
to
the
form
DDDDD.MMSS
(degrees,
minutes,
sec-
onds)
or
the
inverse,
depending
on
the
prefix.
=
Suve
[Last
X.
=
Gives
er-
ror
(blmklng
zero)
if
the
magnitude
of
x
(degrees
or
equivalent
in
radians
or
grads)
exceeds
99999.99999.
=
Inables
stack
123
Adds
([f
prefix)
/
Subtracts
([
pre-
fix)
Degrees,
Minutes,
Seconds.
*
Used
for
adding/subtracting
(y—x)
degrees-min-
utes-seconds
or
hours-minutes-seconds
in
the
stack
X
and
Y
registers.
Operands
are
of
the
form
DDDDD.MMSS
in
the
stack
X
and
Y
registers.
=
Saves
xin
Last
X,
=
Drops
stack
(as
in
{11).
=
Gives
error
(blinking
0.00),
if
the
magnitude
of
an
operand
or
the
result
exceeds
99999.59599
(degrees,
minutes,
seconds).
=
FEnables
124
(=3
pisplay
(prefix).
=
B&J
(-] [n]
displays
x
rounded
to
n
fixed
decimal
places.
=
BB
(]
scts
scientific
display
of
x
rounded
to
n
decimal
places
wheren=0,
1,
...,
9.
Key
Dicfionéry
125
DSZ
=
Does
not
alter
internal
value
of
x.
=
Power
on
sets
B&3
[+]
(2]
(0.00).
=
If
x
is
too
small
for
a
specified
display,
(signed)
zero
is
displayed.
=
If
x
is
too
large
for
the
specified
format,
(g
[9]
format
is
used.
=
Decrement
and
Skip
on
Zero.
Subtracts
1
from
an
integer
in
register
Rg,
then
skips
two
program
memory
locations
if
R
contains
zero.
=
The
decrement
operation
is
suppressed
outside
the
limits:
1
<
|
rg
|
<
10".
w
Useful
for
looping.
Rule:
To
execute
a
labelled
program
segment
n
times,
preset
n
in
R, and
use
to
deter-
mine
whether
or
not
to
repeat
the
segment.
Example:
The
following
loop
executes
12
times,
then
stops:
12
[STO
...
9
MR
-
A
See
115.
126
EEX
Enter
Exponent.
Terminates
the
mantissa
portion
of
a
number
and
institutes
the
entry
of
a
power
of
10
multiplier
(expo-
nent)
into
the
X
register.
If
no
mantissa
was
previously
entered,
EEX
sets
up
a
mantissaof
1.
=
127
[ENTER®
Copy
xto
Y.
Contents
]
Register
.
_
"_’:'
=
Copies
the
contents
of
the
_
Z
X
register
into
the
Y
reg-
;
_
Y
ister,
pushing
y
into
Z
and
i
zinto
T
(tis
lost).
X
X
u
Ui*.|1\|«:*~.(\{m'k
]il)l.
128
[f
¥
upshift
(prefix).
The
gold
symbol
above
a
key
denotes
the
function
of
the
key
if
preceded
by
.
=
The
inverse
or
comple-
ment
is
done
if
the
key
is
prefixed
by
[§f
.
=
No
inverses
are
defined
for
clear
func-
tions
(4th
row
keys).
For
these
keys
i
gives the
clear
function.
®
To
cancel
an
unwanted
[
or[f,
press
[PRErC].
=
No
effect
on
stack
lift
129
[
Downshift
(prefix).
When
[
is
followed
by
a
key
having
a
blue
symbol below
it,
the
function
denoted
by
the
symbol
is
done.
»
To
cancel
an
unwanted
@,
press
[l
PREFIX
|.
®
No
effect
on
stack
lift
Key
Dictionary
f30
Sets
Grad
Angular
Mode.
Affects
angle
131
operations
([=ow-
|,
,
, ,
B=Fl).
=
Go
to
(prefix).
When
followed
by
a
digit
132
(0},
...,[8])oraletter
(I,
-
-
.
,H),
advances
the
program
pointer
down-
ward
to
the
first
occurrence
of
the
corre-
sponding
program
label:
followed
by
the
same
digit
or
letter.
=
Insert
=
Pressing
a
key
in
W/PRGM
mode
133
stores
the
instruction
code
in
program
memory
between
the
displayed
code
and
the
following
instruction
code
and
moves
the
pointer
to
display
the
code
just
in-
serted.
The
bottom
location
drops
off.
=
Insert
is
not
performed:
(a)
For
rncw
|,
(e,
Bd.
(b)
For
the
second
key
of
a
merged
code
(139).
(c)
When
the
pointer
is
at
the
bottom.
=
Truncates
x
to
Integer
(|
f
prefix)
or
fraction
(/f
prefix).
=
=
Retains
the
sign
of
the
number.
=
1134
Last-X
Register.
=
Contains
the
value
of
x
be-
fore
the
latest
f(x)
or
f(x,y)
was
com-
puted.
Used
to:
®
compute
functions
that
make
multiple
use
of
the
same
operand.
"
enable
recovery
from
keystroke
errors
in
certain
instances.
®
To
Recall
Last
x,
See
(138).
=
The
following
save
x
in
Last
X
before
performing
their
func-
tions:
[
= X
=
[~
Note
that
CLX
does
not
affect
the
Last-X
register.
135
Label
(prefix).
identifies
its
suffix
(a
digit[0],
.
.
.,[9],
or
top
row
key,[Y,
---
»
@)
as
a
label
in
a
stored
program.
A
branch
to
the
part
of
the
program
thus
labelled
can
then
be
done
by
executing
followed
by
the
same
suffix.
For
user
defined
functions,
the
label
suffix
must
be
atop
row
key
(I§,
...,
@).
~
136
Natural
Log
(x)
([f
prefix)
or
ex
([
prefix).
-
“
W
gives
error
(blinking
zero)
if
x
is
zero
or
nega-
tive.
=
137
Common
Log(x)
([
prefix)
or
10
([
pre-
fix).
=
=
gives
error
(blinking
zero)
if
x
is
zero
or
negative.
=
138
Recall
Last
x
to
the
X
Register.
=
139
Merged
Codes.
Program
codes
for
the
follow-
ing
are
merged
with
their
respective
pre-
fix
codes:
LsTx
],
[NnoF],
(2],
[(R+],
[,
£,
E0.69.69,
.
..
@
when
prefixed
by
$T0
or
REEl.
=
Ex-
ample:
&
in
program
mode
is
merged
and
displayed
as
35
00;
80
(5]
as
33
05,
etc.
For
explanation
of
codes,
see
9.
140
Integer
Factorial.
=
Computes
the
factorial
of
anonnegative
integer
n
in
the
X
register.
nl=1+2+:3«...*(n-1)*n
=1
" =
Negative
or
non-
integer
x
gives
error
(blinking
zero)
=
If
x
exceeds
69,
overflow
occurs.
=
141
No
Operation.
=
Useful
as
a
filler
in
tests.
=
|l
prcv
in
W/PRGM
mode
clears
the
entire
memory
to
.
-
(merged
code
35
01).
=
142
m
Convert
Integer
x
to/from
Octal.
=
=
Non-integer
or
x
larger
in
magmtude
than
1073741823,
gives
error
(blinking
zero).
=
.
143
OFF-ON
Switch.
“Power
on”:
clears
all
registers
and
flags.
=
sets
the
display
rounding
to
2
fixed
places
(0.00).
=
leaves
program
pointer
at
top
of
memory.
=
inserts
5
functions
at
the
top
of
memory
that
are
callable
from
the
top
row
keys
to
allow
single
stroke
execution
of
the
5
functions
shown
in
the
window
above
the
top
row.
144
Clear
Prefix.
When
prefixed
by
§ff
or
.
cancels
the
effect
of
an
im-
pending
prefix,
so
that
a
nonprefix
opera-
tion
can
be
done.
=
If
a
wrong
prefix
key
is
depressed
before
keying
in
the
suffix
of
a
prefixed
operation,
the
error
can
be
cor-
OB
T
]
rected
by
simply
pressing
the
correct
pre-
fix
and
proceeding
from
there.
=
145
Clear
Program Memory.
In
program
mode,
]
(or
i
)
clears
the
entire
program
memory
to
“no
opera-
tion”
codes
(35
01),
leaving
the
pointer
at
the
top
of
memory.
= In
run
mode,
[f
is
equivalent
to
CLX
.
=
146
Roll
Stack
Up.
Cémints
Register
T
z
t
:
X
|
y
Y
L
X
X
147
Roll
Stack
Down.
Contentsl
Register
148
Set
Radian
Angular
Mode.
=
Affects
angle
operations
([~0ws
],
, ,
[
o]y
=
149
RCL
Recall
(prefix).
Recalls
storage
register
R,
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