HP Ultrium Drive User manual

HP Ultrium tape drives
UNIX configuration guide
Generation 1 and 2 half-height drives
Edition 1, April 2005

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Revision history
HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide
Version Date Changes
Edition 1 April 2005 Generation 1 and 2 half-height SCSI version

HP Ultrium drives technical reference manual,volume 5: UNIX configuration guide 3
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Purpose of this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Ultrium drives in a library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Backup applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 HP-UX systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
HP servers and workstations—HP-UX 11.x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Determining the SCSI ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Creating the device files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
What next? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3 HP alpha UNIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
HP alpha UNIX 5.x. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
What next?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4 IBM (AIX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Determining the SCSI ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Configuring the device files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
If you are using a graphics terminal running X-Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
If you are using a non-graphics terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Device filenames under AIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Determining the SCSI ID (Linux) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Configuring on Linux systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Using the seek and tell features of mt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
What next? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6 Sun Systems, Solaris 8, 9, 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Determining the SCSI ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Configuring the Device Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
HP-Data Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7 Verifying the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Verifying the Installation of the Drive (UNIX). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
To verify the installation:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Contents

4

HP Ultrium drives technical reference manual,volume 4: specifications 5
Related documents
•The features and benefits of HP Ultrium drives are discussed in the HP Ultrium Technology White
Paper. Please contact your HP supplier for copies.
•For a general background to LTO technology and licensing, go to
http://www.lto-technology.com.
•See http://www.t10.org/t10_main.htm for INCITS SCSI Primary Commands—3 (SPC-3) and
other specifications
Copies of documents of other standards bodies can be obtained from:
INCITS 11 West 42nd Street
New York,
NY 10036-8002
USA
ISO CP 56
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
ECMA 114 Rue du Rhône
CH-1204 Geneva
Switzerland
Tel: [phone]
Web URL: http://www.ecma.ch
Global Engineering
Documents
2805 McGaw
Irvine, CA 92714
USA
Tel: [phone] or 714 261 1455

6

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 7
1Introduction
Purpose of this manual
This manual provides basic information on configuring the drives with various operating systems.
See the top-level release notes that accompany the drive for expected functionality and features.
Ultrium drives are supported on the following platforms:
•HP UNIX systems (HP-UX) (Chapter 2)
•HP Alpha UNIX (Chapter 3)
•IBM (AIX) (Chapter 4)
•Linux (Chapter 5)
•Sun Systems, Solaris 8, 9, 10 (Chapter 6)
For platforms not mentioned here, contact HP because there may be new connectivity details
available that arrived after the release notes were published.
See Chapter 7 for details of how to verify the installation.
Ultrium drives in a library
Although Ultrium drives may also be used in a library, instructions about installing device drivers for
automatic robotics are not included in this manual.
Backup applications
For optimum performance it is important to use a backup application that supports the drive’s
features within your system’s configuration. See the Getting Started Guide for more information
about usage models.
The following applications are suitable for use within an Enterprise environment and have been
tested with Ultrium drives. They use the operating system’s standard, built-in device drivers, as
described in this manual. For further information about optimizing performance and making full use
of the drive’s functions, contact the software manufacturer or HP.
1. Cell Manager is only available on HP-UX or Windows
2. Redhat Server only (not Caldera, SUSE, and so on)
HP-UX AIX Sun, Solaris Linux
HP OpenView Storage Data Protector1yes yes yes yes
EMC Legato NetWorker yes yes yes yes
Veritas NetBackup yes yes yes yes2

Introduction8

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 9
2HP-UXsystems
HP servers and workstations—HP-UX 11.x
Introduction
Before you install your tape drive log on to the HP web site, www.hp.com, and download the latest
hardware enablement patch bundle for your operating system. This ensures that you will have the
correct device driver for your tape drive.
Determining the SCSI ID
Before you configure your system to support an HP Ultrium drive, determine what SCSI ID to use. The
ID must be unique for each device attached to the SCSI bus. To list existing devices, use the
following command:
% /sbin/ioscan -f
The output should look similar to the following:
Class I H/W Path Driver S/W State H/W Type Description
=================================================================================
bc 0 root CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS
bc 1 8 bc CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS Pseudo Bus Converter
ba 0 8/0 GSCtoPCI CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS GSCtoPCI Bridge
ext_bus 1 8/0/2/0 c720 CLAIMED INTERFACE SCSI C895 Ultra2 Wide LVD
target 0 8/0/2/0.7 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE
ctl 1 8/0/2/0.7.0 sctl CLAIMED DEVICE Initiator
lan 0 8/0/20/0 btlan3 CLAIMED INTERFACE PCI(10110019) -- Built-in #1
ba 1 8/16 bus_adapter CLAIMED BUS_NEXUS Core I/O Adapter
tty 0 8/16/4 asio0 CLAIMED INTERFACE Built-in RS-232C
ext_bus 2 8/16/5 c720 CLAIMED INTERFACE Built-in SCSI
target 1 8/16/5.5 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE
disk 0 8/16/5.5.0 sdisk CLAIMED DEVICE SEAGATE ST34573N
target 2 8/16/5.7 tgt CLAIMED DEVICE
ctl 2 8/16/5.7.0 sctl CLAIMED DEVICE Initiator
processor 0 62 processor CLAIMED PROCESSOR Processor
memory 0 63 memory CLAIMED MEMORY Memory
After you have installed the new tape drive, you can check it has been attached successfully. From a
shell window (hpterm/xterm), execute ioscan to display the list of attached devices.
For an HP Ultrium drive, execute the following:
% /sbin/ioscan -f | grep "Ultrium"
The new lines should look similar to the following for a Generation 1 drive, where the 4in the I
field represents the instance of the SCSI tape driver, not the SCSI ID:
tape 4 2/0/1.5.0 stape CLAIMED DEVICE HP Ultrium 1-SCSI
or, for a Generation 2 drive:
tape 4 2/0/1.5.0 stape CLAIMED DEVICE HP Ultrium 2-SCSI

HP-UX systems10
NOTE: If you are installing the drive onto a Storage Area Network (SAN), the fibre channel/SCSI
bridge will also appear in the list of attached devices.
If you cannot find the Ultrium drive, this may be because the kernel does not contain the correct
driver. Use the System Administration Manager (sam) to add stape to the kernel:
To add stape to the kernel using sam:
1. % sam
2. Select the following:
Kernel Configuration
Drivers
3. Highlight the stape driver. If the driver has not been added to the kernel, both Current State and
Pending State will read “Out”.
4. Select the following:
Actions
Add Driver to Kernel
The Pending State will now read “In”.
5. To add the new driver to the kernel, select:
Actions
Create a New Kernel
6. The stape driver will now be added to the kernel and then the system will reboot.
Creating the device files
Once you have verified the tape drive connection, you need to create the appropriate device files
for the drive. Normally, you reboot the system after attaching the tape drive, and this process runs
insf. However, if you have not rebooted since attaching the drive, you can create device files
through the System Administration Manager (sam). You can also use the mksf command, but this is
not recommended.
To add device files using sam:
This is the recommended and simplest way to create device files.
1. % sam
2. Select the following:
Peripheral Devices
Tape Drives
sam then scans the system for any tape drives connected.
When an HP Ultrium Generation 1 half-height drive is found, it will be displayed as:
Hardware Path Driver Description
===========================================================
8/0/2/0.3.0 stape HP Ultrium 1-SCSI

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 11
For a Generation 2 drive, the second line will be:
8/0/2/0.3.0 stape HP Ultrium 2-SCSI
3. Highlight the Ultrium drive and select the following from the tool bar:
Actions
Create Device Files
Create Default Device Files
This creates default device files for the drive. To view the files that have been created, select:
Actions
Create Device Files
Show Device Files
where:
4. Exit sam and run ioscan to see the tape drive:
%/sbin/ioscan -C tape -fn
To create device files using mksf:
NOTE: This method is not recommended.
1. Run insf:
% /sbin/insf -C tape
2. Create device files for the devices using the mksf command:
% /sbin/mksf -d stape -I <instance> [-n] [-u] /dev/rmt/X<name>
where:
Device File Description
<I> Instance number of the drive:
<I>m
<I>mn
<I>mb
<I>mnb
AT&T encoding, rewind driver
AT&T encoding, non-rewind driver
Berkeley encoding, rewind driver
Berkeley encoding, rewind driver
<X>
<Y>
<Z>
Card number
Target number
LUN number:
cXtYbZBEST
cXtYbZBESTb
cXtYbZBESTn
cXtYbZBESTnb
Best compression driver, AT&T encoding, with rewind
Best compression driver, Berkeley encoding, with rewind
Best compression driver, AT&T encoding, non-rewind
Best compression driver, Berkeley encoding, non-rewind
Argument Description
-d stape SCSI tape driver
-I <instance> Tape drive’s hardware address via the instance of the SCSI tape driver.
The first instance is 0, the second 1, and so on.
[-n] No rewind; absence of this parameter indicates rewind mode

HP-UX systems12
See the man page (man 1m mksf) for other options of the mksf command. The stape section
covers the SCSI tape driver options. The man page man 7 mt describes long filenames used in
HP-UX 10.xand later.
Example:
To create a device file with the following characteristics:
•A hardware address specified by instance 5 (-I 5)
•No rewind (-n)
•Berkeley mode tape positioning on close (-u)
•A filename of 4mnb, where 4is the tape device identifier (/dev/rmt/4mnb)
You would execute the following:
% /sbin/mksf -d stape -I 4 -n -u /dev/rmt/4mnb
Check that the appropriate device file was created using lssf:
% /sbin/lssf /dev/rmt/4mnb
This should produce the following output to show the device file now exists:
stape card instance 0 SCSI target 6 SCSI LUN 0 berkeley no rewind
BEST density at address 2/0/1.6.0 /dev/rmt/4mnb
To create a device file for Ultrium in uncompressed mode, use a command such as:
mksf -H -a -b U_18
[-u] Berkeley mode; absence of this parameter indicates AT&T mode.
Berkeley and AT&T modes differ in their read-only close behavior:
•In Berkeley mode, the tape position remains unchanged by a device
close operation.
•In AT&T mode, a device close operation causes the tape to be
repositioned just after the next tape filemark (the start of the next
file).
In most cases, Berkeley mode should be used.
/dev/rmt/X<name> Path of the device file, where:
XTape device identifier. Use the next available identifier. You
can examine the contents of /dev/rmt using the ls
command to determine which identifiers have already been
used.
<name> Short name (in HP-UX 9.x-style) of the device file:
mnb No rewind, compression disabled, Berkeley-mode device
hnb No rewind, compression disabled, Berkeley-mode device
mnb No rewind, compression disabled, Berkeley-mode device
hnb No rewind, compression enabled, Berkeley-mode device
Argument Description

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 13
and for compressed mode (default):
mksf -H -a -b U_18C
The hardware path can be found from previous ioscan output.
NOTE: For Generation 2 half-height drives only: System Administration Manager (SAM) reports the
drive as Ultrium 460 instead of Ultrium 448:
This will be fixed in a later patch.
What next?
Once device files have been created, you should confirm that your new tape drive is working
properly. Chapter 7 on page 33 provides instructions on backing up and restoring a sample file to
test your installation.

HP-UX systems14

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 15
3 HP alpha UNIX
HP alpha UNIX 5.x
xx
x
1. Add the following entry to your /dev/ddr.dbase file:
SCSIDEVICE
Type = tape
Name = “HP” “Ultrium”
#
PARAMETERS:
TypeSubClass = lto # Linear Tape Open
BlockSize = 262144
TagQueueDepth = 0
MaxTransferSize = 0xffffff # 16Mb - 1
ReadyTimeSeconds = 120 # Seconds
SyncTransfers = enabled
WideTransfers = enabled
InquiryLength = 0x20
DENSITY:
DensityNumber = 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
OneFileMarkOnClose = yes
DensityCode = 0x40 (Gen 1 drives) or 0x42 (Gen 2 drives)
Blocking = 0
CompressionCode = 1
Buffered = 1
Speed = 0
MODESELECT:
ModeSelectNumber = 0
SavePage = No
PageFormat = scsi2
BlockDescriptor = yes
TransferLength = 16
Hdr.Tape.BufferMode = 0x1
Hdr.MediumType = 0
Data.UBYTE[0] = 0x3D # Vendor Unique Page Code 3D
Data.UBYTE[1] = 0x02
Data.UBYTE[2] = 0x01
Data.UBYTE[3] = 0x00
2. Rebuild the kernel by running /sbin/ddr_config, then reboot the system with the tape drive
attached. Device files for the Ultrium drive will be generated in /dev/tape and /dev/ntape
when you reboot.
3. The names of the device files can be interpreted as follows:
Devices in the /dev/ntape directory are “no-rewind” devices. Those in /dev/tape will
perform rewind on close.

HP alpha UNIX16
The device files then have the syntax: tapeX_dn
For example, /dev/ntape/tape66_d1 is a device file for device 66, no-rewind using density
number 1. Since all density numbers have the same parameters it does not matter which density
number file is used.
What next?
Once device files have been created, you should confirm that your new tape drive is working
properly. Chapter 7 on page 33 provides instructions on backing up and restoring a sample file to
test your installation.

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 17
4IBM(AIX)
Determining the SCSI ID
Before you configure your system to support Ultrium drives, determine which SCSI ID to use. IDs must
be unique for each device attached to the SCSI bus. To list existing devices, use the following:
% lsdev -C |grep SCSI
This produces output similar to:
scsi0 Available 00-00-0S Standard SCSI I/O Controller
hdisk0 Available 10-60-00-0,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
rmt1 Defined 00-00-0S-2,0 Other SCSI Tape Drive
The SCSI ID is in the series 00-00-0S-X,0, where Xis the SCSI ID. Review the list of existing SCSI
IDs and choose an available ID to assign to the new tape drive.
Configuring the device files
To install an HP Ultrium drive on an IBM workstation, create the appropriate device files for the
drive. To change to variable block mode, use the following procedure:
If you are using a graphics terminal running X-Windows
1. At a Windows terminal, type:
smit tape
2. The following window is displayed:
If no device has been configured at this address before, select “add a tape drive” to set up
the address.
Otherwise, select “change/show characteristics of a tape drive”

IBM (AIX)18
3. A pop-up window is displayed:
Select “ost” or “Other SCSI tape drive” as the tape drive you wish to change.
If no device has been configured at this address before, choose connection addresses as
appropriate.

HP Ultrium drives UNIX configuration guide 19
4. The following details are displayed:
Check the following values and change them if necessary:
•BLOCKSize=0
• Use EXTENDED file marks = “no”
• RESERVE/RELEASE support = “yes”
• Set maximum delay for the READ/WRITE command = 1200
Click on the “DO” button to apply the changes.
If you are using a non-graphics terminal
1. At the command line type:
% smit -C tape

IBM (AIX)20
2. The following is displayed:
If no device has been configured at this address before, select “add a tape drive” to set up
the address.
Otherwise, select “change/show characteristics of a tape drive”
3. A pop-up window is displayed:
Select “ost” or “Other SCSI tape drive” as the tape drive you wish to change.
If no device has been configured at this address before, choose connection addresses as
appropriate.