HP nld User manual

nld and noft Manual
Abstract
This manual explains how to use the following TNS/R native object file utilities: nld
(T6017), which links and changes object file attributes; noft (T9626), which displays
object files; ar (T8629), which creates and maintains archives of object files; and
strip (T8629), which removes unnecessary information from loadable object files
(loadfiles) in the HP NonStop™ Kernel Open System Services (OSS) environment.
Product Version
nld D44
noft D45
ar D43
strip D43
Supported Release Updates (RVUs)
This manual supports D45 and G06 and all subsequent RVUs until otherwise indicated
in a new edition.
Part Number Published
520384-003 May 2003

Document History
Part Number Product Version Published
426922-001 nld D44, noft D42, ar D43 November 2000
427686-001 nld D44, noft D42, ar D43, strip D43 February 2001
520384-001 nld D44, noft D42, ar D43, strip D43 July 2001
520384-002 nld D44, noft D42, ar D43, strip D43 February 2002
520384-003 nld D44, noft D45, ar D43, strip D43 May 2003

Hewlett-Packard Company—520384-003
i
nld and noft Manual
Glossary Index Examples Tables
What’s New in This Manual xi
Manual Information xi
New and Changed Information xii
About This Manual xv
Audience xv
Related Reading xvi
Your Comments Invited xvi
Notation Conventions xvii
1. Introduction to the Utilities
Native Object Files 1-2
nld 1-2
noft 1-4
ar 1-5
strip 1-5
2. nld Utility
Running the nld Utility in the Guardian Environment 2-1
Running the nld Utility in the OSS Environment 2-3
Running Windows nld on the PC 2-4
Components of Windows nld 2-4
Directory Structure of Windows nld 2-4
Compilers That Can Launch Windows nld 2-5
How Windows nld Differs from nld 2-5
How the ETK Command-Line and GUI Interfaces Differ 2-6
Command-Line Interface Linking Options 2-7
Changing the Target Environment 2-8
Creating Loadfiles and Linkfiles 2-8

Contents
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2. nld Utility (continued)
2. nld Utility (continued)
Linking Programs 2-9
C Programs 2-9
C++ Programs 2-10
COBOL Programs 2-12
pTAL Programs 2-13
Mixed-Language Programs 2-13
Programs With Embedded NonStop SQL/MP 2-13
Linking User Libraries 2-13
Linking Shared Run-Time Libraries (SRLs) 2-15
Specifying SRLs 2-16
Determining Which SRLs Programs Require 2-17
Linking Archive Files 2-21
Linking Floating-Point Programs 2-22
Link-Time Consistency Checking 2-23
Run-Time Consistency Checking 2-25
Linking Mixed-Language Programs 2-26
Searching for Archives and SRLs With Simple Filenames 2-27
Dynamic and Static Linking 2-28
Stripping Symbol Information 2-29
nld Compilation Rules 2-29
Case Sensitivity 2-29
Local and Shared Symbols 2-30
Declaration and Definition 2-31
3. nld Options
-allow_duplicate_procs 3-2
-allow_missing_libs 3-3
-allow_multiple_mains 3-3
-ansistreams 3-3
-bdynamic 3-3
-bstatic 3-4
-change 3-4
-e 3-5
-elf_check 3-5
-export 3-5
-fl or -obey 3-6
-import 3-6
-l or -lib 3-7

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3. nld Options (continued)
3. nld Options (continued)
-L or -libvol 3-8
-libname 3-9
-nostdfiles 3-9
-nostdlib 3-9
-noverbose 3-10
-NS_extent_size 3-10
-NS_max_extents 3-10
-o 3-11
-r 3-11
-rename 3-12
-s 3-12
-set 3-13
-stdin 3-15
-strip 3-16
-ul 3-16
-verbose 3-16
-x 3-17
-y 3-17
4. noft Utility
Running the noft Utility in the Guardian Environment 4-1
Running the noft Utility in the OSS Environment 4-3
Listing Object Files 4-4
Dumping Object Files 4-5
Controlling the noft Environment 4-5
Debugging With noft 4-7
5. noft Options
Break Key 5-3
! (Exclamation Point) 5-4
CD 5-5
COMMENT 5-5
DUMPADDRESS or DA 5-6
DUMPOFFSET or DO 5-8
DUMPPROC or DP 5-10
ENV 5-13
EXIT or E 5-13
FC 5-14

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5. noft Options (continued)
5. noft Options (continued)
FILE or F 5-15
HELP or ? 5-17
HISTORY or H 5-20
LAYOUT 5-21
LISTATTRIBUTE or LA 5-22
LISTCOMPILERS or LC 5-23
LISTOPTIMIZE or LO 5-26
LISTPROC or LP 5-27
LISTSOURCE or LS 5-29
LISTSRLEXPORTS or LLE 5-30
LISTSRLFIXUPS or LLF 5-30
LISTSRLINFO or LLI 5-31
LISTUNREFERENCED or LUR 5-32
LISTUNRESOLVED or LU 5-35
LOG 5-38
OBEY 5-39
OUT 5-39
QUIT or Q 5-40
RESET 5-41
SET 5-42
SHOW 5-47
SYSTEM or VOLUME 5-48
XREFPROC or XP 5-49
6. ar Utility
7. strip Utility
8. Native Object File Structure
Code and Data Segments 8-1
MDEBUG Section 8-2
9. Converting From Binder to nld and noft
Object File Differences 9-1
Linking Unit Differences 9-2
Comparing Binder Commands to nld Options 9-3
Comparing Binder Commands to noft Options 9-6

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10. nld Diagnostic Messages
10. nld Diagnostic Messages
General Information 10-1
Terms That Appear in nld Diagnostic Messages 10-2
Fatal Errors 10-12
Nonfatal Errors 10-61
Warnings 10-69
Informational Messages 10-77
11. noft Diagnostic Messages
Fatal Errors 11-1
Data Errors 11-4
Warnings 11-18
Syntax Errors 11-22
12. ar Diagnostic Messages
A. Sample nld and noft Session
Example Program A-1
Header Files A-2
Source Module MAINC A-3
Source Module MODULE1C A-3
Source Module MODULE2C A-5
User Library UTILC A-6
Compilation Commands A-6
nld Command Examples A-7
Program Output A-8
noft Command Examples on a Linkfile A-9
FILE A-9
LISTATTRIBUTE A-9
LISTCOMPILERS A-10
LISTPROC A-10
LISTSOURCE A-12
LISTSRLINFO A-13
LISTUNRESOLVED A-14

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A. Sample nld and noft Session (continued)
A. Sample nld and noft Session (continued)
noft Command Examples on a Loadfile A-15
FILE A-15
LISTATTRIBUTE A-16
LISTCOMPILERS A-17
LISTPROC A-17
LISTSOURCE A-18
SET SORT A-19
LISTSRLINFO A-19
LISTUNRESOLVED A-20
LISTOPTIMIZE A-21
XREFPROC A-21
DUMPPROC A-24
LISTSRLFIXUPS A-26
LISTSRLEXPORTS A-27
LISTSRLFIXUPS A-27
Glossary
Index
Examples
Example 2-1. Creating a Loadfile (Guardian) 2-2
Example 2-2. Changing the HIGHPIN Attribute (Guardian) 2-2
Example 2-3. Creating a Loadfile (OSS) 2-3
Example 2-4. Creating a User Library (OSS) 2-3
Example 2-5. Creating a Program File (OSS) 2-3
Example 2-6. Creating an Executable C Program (OSS) 2-4
Example 2-7. Running nmcobol and Launching Windows nld 2-5
Example 2-8. Running nld from the Command Prompt 2-6
Example 2-9. Creating a Program for the Guardian Environment (OSS) 2-8
Example 2-10. Creating an Executable C Program 2-10
Example 2-11. Linking a Mixed-Language Program With IEEE Floating-Point
Format 2-26
Example 2-12. Searching for ZCRTLSRL and ZCRESRL (Guardian) 2-28
Example 2-13. Searching for ZCRTLSRL and ZCRESRL (OSS) 2-28
Example 2-14. Searching for ZCOBSRL and ZCRESRL (OSS) 2-28
Example 4-1. noft Command Line 4-3
Example 4-2. Interactive noft Session Equivalent to Example 4-1 on page 4-3 4-4
Example 4-3. C Program 4-7

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Examples (continued)
Examples (continued)
Example 4-4. Optimize 0 Listing 4-8
Example 4-5. Optimize 1 Listing 4-9
Example 4-6. Optimize 2 Listing 4-10
Example 5-1. CD Option 5-5
Example 5-2. DUMPADDRESS Option 5-7
Example 5-3. DUMPOFFSET Option 5-9
Example 5-4. DUMPPROC Option 5-12
Example 5-5. Displaying Current noft Environment Settings 5-13
Example 5-6. FILE Option 5-16
Example 5-7. HELP ALL Option 5-18
Example 5-8. HELP SET HISTORYBUFFER 5-19
Example 5-9. HELP Without Options 5-19
Example 5-10. HISTORY Option 5-20
Example 5-11. LAYOUT Option 5-21
Example 5-12. LISTATTRIBUTE Option for Non-PIC Object File 5-22
Example 5-13. LISTATTRIBUTE Option for PIC Object File 5-23
Example 5-14. LISTCOMPILERS Option (BRIEF) 5-24
Example 5-15. LISTCOMPILERS Option (DETAIL) 5-24
Example 5-16. LISTOPTIMIZE Option 5-26
Example 5-17. LISTPROC Option (BRIEF) 5-28
Example 5-18. LISTPROC Option (DETAIL) 5-28
Example 5-19. LISTSOURCE Option (BRIEF) 5-29
Example 5-20. LISTSOURCE Option (DETAIL) 5-30
Example 5-21. LISTSRLINFO Option (BRIEF) 5-31
Example 5-22. LISTSRLINFO Option (DETAIL) 5-31
Example 5-23. pTAL Program for Example 5-24 and Example 5-29 5-33
Example 5-24. LISTUNREFERENCED Option for Example 5-23 pTAL
Program 5-33
Example 5-25. C Program for Example 5-26 and Example 5-30 5-34
Example 5-26. LISTREFERENCED Option for Example 5-25 C Program 5-34
Example 5-27. LISTUNRESOLVED Option (BRIEF) 5-36
Example 5-28. LISTUNRESOLVED Option (DETAIL) 5-36
Example 5-29. LISTUNRESOLVED Option for Example 5-23 pTAL Program 5-37
Example 5-30. LISTUNRESOLVED Option for Example 5-25 C Program 5-37
Example 5-31. Effect of EXCLUDE on LISTUNRESOLVED Option 5-37
Example 5-32. LOG Option 5-38
Example 5-33. OBEY Option 5-39
Example 5-34. OUT Option When “?” is Specified 5-40

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Examples (continued)
Examples (continued)
Example 5-35. Resetting Target Object File Parameters to Their Default
Values 5-41
Example 5-36. SHOW Option 5-47
Example 5-37. XREFPROC Option (BRIEF) 5-51
Example 5-38. XREFPROC Option (DETAIL) 5-51
Example 5-39. XREFPROC Option (for C Program in Example 5-25) 5-52
Example 5-40. XREFPROC Option for Non-PIC Object File With “Reference”
Indicators (CALLS and DETAIL) 5-52
Example 9-1. Linking Two Object Files in Binder and nld (Simple Case) 9-4
Example 9-2. Linking Two Object Files in Binder and nld (Less Simple Case) 9-5
Example 9-3. Setting the INSPECT Attribute in Binder and nld 9-5
Example A-1. Header File GLOBALSH With Edit Line Numbers A-2
Example A-2. Header File MODULE1H With Edit Line Numbers A-2
Example A-3. Header File MODULE2H With Edit Line Numbers A-2
Example A-4. Header File UTILH With Edit Line Number A-3
Example A-5. Source Module MAINC With Edit Line Numbers A-3
Example A-6. Source Module MODULE1C With Edit Line Numbers A-4
Example A-7. Source Module MODULE2C With Edit Line Numbers A-5
Example A-8. User Library UTILC With Edit Line Numbers A-6
Example A-9. Linking an Executable User Library A-7
Example A-10. Linking a Program File A-7
Example A-11. Sample Program Output A-8
Example A-12. FILE Option (Linkfile) A-9
Example A-13. LISTATTRIBUTE Option (Linkfile) A-9
Example A-14. LISTCOMPILERS Option (Linkfile) A-10
Example A-15. LISTPROC Option (Linkfile) A-11
Example A-16. LISTSOURCE Option (Linkfile) A-12
Example A-17. LISTSRLINFO Option (Linkfile) A-13
Example A-18. LISTUNRESOLVED Option (Linkfile) A-14
Example A-19. FILE Option (Loadfile) A-15
Example A-20. LISTATTRIBUTE Option (Loadfile) A-16
Example A-21. LISTCOMPILERS Option (Loadfile) A-17
Example A-22. LISTPROC Option (Loadfile) A-17
Example A-23. LISTSOURCE Option (Loadfile) A-18
Example A-24. Effect of SET SORT on LISTPROC and LISTSOURCE A-19
Example A-25. LISTSRLINFO Option (Loadfile) A-19
Example A-26. LISTUNRESOLVED Option (Loadfile) A-20
Example A-27. LISTOPTIMIZE Option (Loadfile) A-21