HP HPE FlexNetwork 7500 series User manual

HPE FlexNetwork 7500 Switch Series
Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide
Part number: 5200
-1940a
Software
version: 7500-CMW710-R7557P01
Document version: 6W101-20171020

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Contents
Configuring basic IP routing···········································································1
Routing table······················································································································································1
Dynamic routing protocols··································································································································2
Route preference ···············································································································································2
Load sharing ······················································································································································3
Route backup·····················································································································································3
Route recursion··················································································································································3
Route redistribution············································································································································3
Extension attribute redistribution························································································································3
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB···········································································4
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB ····························································································4
Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB·········································································5
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes··································································································5
Configuring RIB NSR·········································································································································6
Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR·························································································································6
Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR·························································································································6
Configuring inter-protocol FRR ··························································································································6
Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR···································································································7
Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR···································································································7
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup ····························································································7
Displaying and maintaining a routing table ········································································································8
Configuring static routing·············································································10
Configuring a static route·································································································································10
Configuring BFD for static routes·····················································································································11
Bidirectional control mode························································································································11
Single-hop echo mode·····························································································································12
Configuring static route FRR····························································································································13
Configuration guidelines···························································································································13
Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop································································13
Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop·················································14
Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR ············································································14
Displaying and maintaining static routes··········································································································14
Static route configuration examples·················································································································15
Basic static route configuration example··································································································15
BFD for static routes configuration example (direct next hop)·································································16
BFD for static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ······························································19
Static route FRR configuration example ··································································································21
Configuring a default route···········································································24
Configuring RIP···························································································25
Overview··························································································································································25
RIP route entries······································································································································25
Routing loop prevention···························································································································25
RIP operation···········································································································································25
RIP versions·············································································································································26
Protocols and standards ··························································································································26
RIP configuration task list·································································································································26
Configuring basic RIP ······································································································································27
Enabling RIP············································································································································27
Controlling RIP reception and advertisement on interfaces·····································································28
Configuring a RIP version························································································································29
Configuring RIP route control···························································································································29
Configuring an additional routing metric···································································································29
Configuring RIPv2 route summarization ··································································································30
Disabling host route reception··················································································································31

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Advertising a default route ·······················································································································31
Configuring received/redistributed route filtering······················································································32
Setting a preference for RIP·····················································································································32
Configuring RIP route redistribution·········································································································32
Tuning and optimizing RIP networks ···············································································································33
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································33
Setting RIP timers····································································································································33
Enabling split horizon and poison reverse ·······························································································34
Setting the maximum number of RIP ECMP routes·················································································34
Enabling zero field check on incoming RIPv1 messages·········································································35
Enabling source IP address check on incoming RIP updates··································································35
Configuring RIPv2 message authentication·····························································································35
Setting the RIP triggered update interval·································································································36
Specifying a RIP neighbor························································································································36
Configuring RIP network management····································································································37
Configuring the RIP packet sending rate ·································································································37
Setting the maximum length of RIP packets····························································································38
Setting the DSCP value for outgoing RIP packets···················································································38
Configuring RIP GR ·········································································································································38
Enabling RIP NSR············································································································································39
Configuring BFD for RIP ··································································································································39
Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a directly connected RIP neighbor)······································40
Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a specific destination)···························································40
Configuring bidirectional control detection·······························································································41
Configuring RIP FRR ·······································································································································41
Configuration restrictions and guidelines·································································································41
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································42
Configuring RIP FRR ·······························································································································42
Enabling BFD for RIP FRR ······················································································································42
Displaying and maintaining RIP·······················································································································42
RIP configuration examples·····························································································································43
Configuring basic RIP ······························································································································43
Configuring RIP route redistribution·········································································································46
Configuring an additional metric for a RIP interface·················································································48
Configuring RIP to advertise a summary route························································································49
Configuring RIP GR ·································································································································52
Configuring RIP NSR·······························································································································52
Configuring BFD for RIP (single-hop echo detection for a directly connected neighbor)·························54
Configuring BFD for RIP (single hop echo detection for a specific destination)·······································57
Configuring BFD for RIP (bidirectional detection in BFD control packet mode)·······································59
Configuring RIP FRR ·······························································································································62
Configuring OSPF························································································65
Overview··························································································································································65
OSPF packets··········································································································································65
LSA types·················································································································································65
OSPF areas ·············································································································································66
Router types·············································································································································68
Route types··············································································································································69
Route calculation······································································································································69
OSPF network types································································································································70
DR and BDR ············································································································································70
Protocols and standards ··························································································································71
OSPF configuration task list·····························································································································71
Enabling OSPF ················································································································································73
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································73
Configuration guidelines···························································································································73
Enabling OSPF on a network···················································································································74
Enabling OSPF on an interface················································································································74
Configuring OSPF areas··································································································································75
Configuring a stub area····························································································································75
Configuring an NSSA area·······················································································································76

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Configuring a virtual link···························································································································76
Configuring OSPF network types·····················································································································77
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································77
Configuring the broadcast network type for an interface··········································································77
Configuring the NBMA network type for an interface···············································································77
Configuring the P2MP network type for an interface················································································78
Configuring the P2P network type for an interface···················································································79
Configuring OSPF route control·······················································································································79
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································79
Configuring OSPF route summarization ··································································································79
Configuring received OSPF route filtering································································································80
Configuring Type-3 LSA filtering··············································································································80
Setting an OSPF cost for an interface······································································································81
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes························································································82
Setting OSPF preference·························································································································82
Configuring discard routes for summary networks···················································································82
Configuring OSPF route redistribution·····································································································83
Advertising a host route ···························································································································84
Excluding interfaces in an OSPF area from the base topology································································84
Tuning and optimizing OSPF networks············································································································84
Configuration prerequisites······················································································································84
Setting OSPF timers ································································································································85
Setting LSA transmission delay ···············································································································86
Setting SPF calculation interval ···············································································································86
Setting the LSA arrival interval·················································································································86
Setting the LSA generation interval··········································································································87
Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPF packets ·····························································87
Configuring stub routers···························································································································88
Configuring OSPF authentication·············································································································88
Adding the interface MTU into DD packets······························································································89
Setting a DSCP value for OSPF packets·································································································90
Setting the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB·········································································90
Setting OSPF exit overflow interval··········································································································90
Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583······································································································90
Logging neighbor state changes··············································································································91
Configuring OSPF network management ································································································91
Setting the LSU transmit rate···················································································································92
Enabling OSPF ISPF ·······························································································································93
Configuring prefix suppression·················································································································93
Configuring prefix prioritization·················································································································94
Configuring OSPF PIC·····························································································································94
Setting the number of OSPF logs ············································································································95
Filtering outbound LSAs on an interface··································································································96
Filtering LSAs for the specified neighbor ·································································································96
Configuring GTSM for OSPF ···················································································································96
Configuring OSPF GR······································································································································97
Configuring OSPF GR restarter···············································································································97
Configuring OSPF GR helper···················································································································98
Triggering OSPF GR································································································································99
Configuring OSPF NSR ···································································································································99
Configuring BFD for OSPF·····························································································································100
Configuring bidirectional control detection·····························································································100
Configuring single-hop echo detection···································································································100
Configuring OSPF FRR··································································································································101
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································101
Configuration guidelines·························································································································101
Configuration procedure·························································································································101
Advertising OSPF link state information to BGP····························································································103
Displaying and maintaining OSPF ·················································································································103
OSPF configuration examples ·······················································································································104
Basic OSPF configuration example ·······································································································104
OSPF route redistribution configuration example ··················································································107

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OSPF route summarization configuration example················································································109
OSPF stub area configuration example·································································································112
OSPF NSSA area configuration example······························································································114
OSPF DR election configuration example······························································································116
OSPF virtual link configuration example································································································121
OSPF GR configuration example···········································································································123
OSPF NSR configuration example·········································································································125
BFD for OSPF configuration example····································································································127
OSPF FRR configuration example·········································································································130
Troubleshooting OSPF configuration·············································································································133
No OSPF neighbor relationship established··························································································133
Incorrect routing information ··················································································································133
Configuring IS-IS ·······················································································135
Overview························································································································································135
Terminology ···········································································································································135
IS-IS address format······························································································································135
NET························································································································································136
IS-IS area···············································································································································137
IS-IS network types································································································································138
IS-IS PDUs·············································································································································139
Protocols and standards ························································································································141
IS-IS configuration task list·····························································································································141
Configuring basic IS-IS ··································································································································142
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································142
Enabling IS-IS········································································································································143
Setting the IS level and circuit level ·······································································································143
Configuring P2P network type for an interface·······················································································143
Configuring IS-IS route control·······················································································································144
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································144
Configuring IS-IS link cost······················································································································144
Specifying a preference for IS-IS···········································································································145
Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes···············································································146
Configuring IS-IS route summarization··································································································146
Advertising a default route ·····················································································································147
Configuring IS-IS route redistribution·····································································································147
Configuring IS-IS route filtering··············································································································148
Configuring IS-IS route leaking··············································································································149
Advertising IS-IS link state information to BGP······················································································149
Tuning and optimizing IS-IS networks ···········································································································150
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································150
Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS hello packets··········································································150
Specifying the IS-IS hello multiplier········································································································150
Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS CSNP packets········································································151
Configuring a DIS priority for an interface······························································································151
Disabling an interface from sending/receiving IS-IS packets·································································151
Enabling an interface to send small hello packets·················································································152
Configuring LSP parameters··················································································································152
Controlling SPF calculation interval ·······································································································155
Configuring convergence priorities for specific routes ···········································································156
Setting the LSDB overload bit················································································································156
Configuring the ATT bit··························································································································157
Configuring the tag value for an interface······························································································157
Configuring system ID to host name mappings ·····················································································158
Enabling the logging of neighbor state changes····················································································159
Enabling IS-IS ISPF·······························································································································159
Enabling prefix suppression···················································································································159
Configuring IS-IS network management································································································160
Configuring IS-IS PIC·····························································································································160
Enhancing IS-IS network security··················································································································161
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································162
Configuring neighbor relationship authentication···················································································162

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Configuring area authentication·············································································································162
Configuring routing domain authentication·····························································································163
Configuring IS-IS GR ·····································································································································163
Configuring IS-IS NSR···································································································································164
Configuring BFD for IS-IS ······························································································································165
Configuring IS-IS FRR ···································································································································165
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································166
Configuration guidelines·························································································································166
Configuration procedure·························································································································166
Displaying and maintaining IS-IS···················································································································168
IS-IS configuration examples·························································································································169
Basic IS-IS configuration example·········································································································169
DIS election configuration example········································································································173
IS-IS route redistribution configuration example····················································································177
IS-IS authentication configuration example····························································································181
IS-IS GR configuration example·············································································································184
IS-IS NSR configuration example ··········································································································185
BFD for IS-IS configuration example······································································································188
IS-IS FRR configuration example···········································································································191
Configuring BGP························································································195
Overview························································································································································195
BGP speaker and BGP peer··················································································································195
BGP message types ······························································································································195
BGP path attributes································································································································195
BGP route selection·······························································································································199
BGP route advertisement rules··············································································································199
BGP load balancing ·······························································································································200
Settlements for problems in large-scale BGP networks·········································································201
MP-BGP·················································································································································204
BGP multi-instance ································································································································205
BGP configuration views························································································································205
Protocols and standards ························································································································207
BGP configuration task list·····························································································································208
Configuring basic BGP···································································································································211
Enabling BGP·········································································································································212
Configuring a BGP peer·························································································································213
Configuring dynamic BGP peers············································································································214
Configuring a BGP peer group···············································································································217
Specifying the source address of TCP connections···············································································227
Generating BGP routes··································································································································228
Injecting a local network·························································································································228
Redistributing IGP routes·······················································································································230
Controlling route distribution and reception ···································································································232
Configuring BGP route summarization···································································································232
Advertising optimal routes in the IP routing table···················································································235
Advertising a default route to a peer or peer group················································································236
Configuring BGP to first send updates of the default route····································································238
Limiting routes received from a peer or peer group···············································································239
Configuring BGP route filtering policies ·································································································241
Setting the BGP route sending rate ·······································································································247
Configuring BGP route update delay ·····································································································248
Configuring a startup policy for BGP route updates···············································································248
Configuring BGP route dampening········································································································249
Controlling BGP path selection······················································································································251
Setting a preferred value for routes received·························································································251
Configuring preferences for BGP routes································································································252
Configuring the default local preference ································································································254
Configuring the MED attribute················································································································256
Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute ····································································································260
Configuring the AS_PATH attribute ·······································································································263
Ignoring IGP metrics during optimal route selection ··············································································269

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Configuring the SoO attribute·················································································································270
Tuning and optimizing BGP networks············································································································271
Configuring the keepalive interval and hold time ···················································································271
Setting the session retry timer················································································································273
Configuring the interval for sending updates for the same route ···························································274
Enabling BGP to establish an EBGP session over multiple hops··························································275
Enabling immediate re-establishment of direct EBGP connections upon link failure·····························276
Enabling BGP ORF capabilities·············································································································276
Enabling 4-byte AS number suppression·······························································································278
Enabling MD5 authentication for BGP peers ·························································································279
Enabling keychain authentication for BGP peers···················································································280
Configuring BGP load balancing············································································································281
Disabling BGP to establish a session to a peer or peer group·······························································282
Configuring GTSM for BGP····················································································································283
Configuring BGP soft-reset····················································································································284
Protecting an EBGP peer when memory usage reaches level 2 threshold ···········································290
Configuring an update delay for local MPLS labels ···············································································291
Flushing the suboptimal BGP route to the RIB ······················································································291
Setting a DSCP value for outgoing BGP packets ··················································································292
Disabling route recursion policy control for routes received from a peer or peer group·························292
Enabling per-prefix label allocation········································································································293
Disabling optimal route selection for labeled routes without tunnel information·····································293
Configuring a large-scale BGP network·········································································································293
Configuring BGP community··················································································································294
Configuring BGP route reflection ···········································································································296
Configuring a BGP confederation ··········································································································299
Configuring BGP GR······································································································································300
Configuring BGP NSR····································································································································301
Enabling SNMP notifications for BGP············································································································302
Enabling logging for session state changes···································································································302
Enabling logging for BGP route flapping········································································································303
Configuring BFD for BGP·······························································································································304
Configuring BGP FRR····································································································································305
Configuring 6PE·············································································································································308
Configuring basic 6PE····························································································································308
Configuring optional 6PE capabilities·····································································································309
Configuring BGP LS·······································································································································311
Configuring basic BGP LS ·····················································································································311
Configuring BGP LS route reflection······································································································311
Specifying an AS number and a router ID for BGP LS messages·························································312
Configuring BMP············································································································································312
Displaying and maintaining BGP····················································································································313
Displaying BGP······································································································································313
Resetting BGP sessions ························································································································317
Clearing BGP information ······················································································································317
IPv4 BGP configuration examples ·················································································································318
Basic BGP configuration example··········································································································318
BGP and IGP route redistribution configuration example ······································································322
BGP route summarization configuration example··················································································325
BGP load balancing configuration example···························································································328
BGP community configuration example·································································································331
BGP route reflector configuration example····························································································334
BGP confederation configuration example·····························································································336
BGP path selection configuration example····························································································340
BGP GR configuration example·············································································································343
BFD for BGP configuration example······································································································345
BGP FRR configuration example···········································································································348
Multicast BGP configuration example····································································································352
Dynamic BGP peer configuration example····························································································356
BGP LS configuration example··············································································································358
IPv6 BGP configuration examples ·················································································································360
IPv6 BGP basic configuration example··································································································360

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IPv6 BGP route reflector configuration example····················································································363
6PE configuration example····················································································································366
BFD for IPv6 BGP configuration example······························································································369
IPv6 BGP FRR configuration example···································································································372
IPv6 multicast BGP configuration example····························································································376
Troubleshooting BGP·····································································································································379
Symptom················································································································································379
Analysis··················································································································································379
Solution··················································································································································379
Configuring PBR························································································380
Overview························································································································································380
Policy······················································································································································380
PBR and Track·······································································································································381
PBR configuration task list·····························································································································382
Configuring a policy········································································································································382
Creating a node······································································································································382
Setting match criteria for a node············································································································382
Configuring actions for a node···············································································································383
Configuring PBR ············································································································································383
Configuring local PBR····························································································································383
Configuring interface PBR······················································································································384
Displaying and maintaining PBR····················································································································384
PBR configuration examples··························································································································385
Packet type-based local PBR configuration example ············································································385
Packet type-based interface PBR configuration example······································································386
EVPN-based service chain PBR configuration example········································································388
Configuring IPv6 static routing···································································395
Configuring an IPv6 static route·····················································································································395
Configuring BFD for IPv6 static routes···········································································································395
Bidirectional control mode······················································································································396
Single-hop echo mode···························································································································396
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 static routes································································································397
IPv6 static routing configuration examples ····································································································397
Basic IPv6 static route configuration example ·······················································································397
BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (direct next hop)·······················································399
BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (indirect next hop)····················································402
Configuring an IPv6 default route·······························································405
Configuring RIPng ·····················································································406
Overview························································································································································406
RIPng route entries································································································································406
RIPng packets········································································································································406
Protocols and standards ························································································································407
RIPng configuration task list···························································································································407
Configuring basic RIPng ································································································································407
Configuring RIPng route control·····················································································································408
Configuring an additional routing metric·································································································408
Configuring RIPng route summarization································································································408
Advertising a default route ·····················································································································409
Configuring received/redistributed route filtering····················································································409
Setting a preference for RIPng···············································································································409
Configuring RIPng route redistribution···································································································410
Tuning and optimizing the RIPng network ·····································································································410
Setting RIPng timers······························································································································410
Configuring split horizon and poison reverse·························································································411
Configuring zero field check on RIPng packets ·····················································································411
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes······················································································412
Configuring the RIPng packet sending rate ···························································································412
Setting the interval for sending triggered updates··················································································413

viii
Configuring RIPng GR ···································································································································413
Configuring RIPng NSR·································································································································414
Configuring RIPng FRR ·································································································································414
Configuration restrictions and guidelines·······························································································415
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································415
Configuring RIPng FRR ·························································································································415
Enabling BFD for RIPng FRR ················································································································415
Displaying and maintaining RIPng·················································································································416
RIPng configuration examples·······················································································································416
Basic RIPng configuration example·······································································································416
RIPng route redistribution configuration example··················································································419
RIPng GR configuration example···········································································································421
RIPng NSR configuration example ········································································································422
Configuring RIPng FRR ·························································································································424
Configuring OSPFv3··················································································427
Overview························································································································································427
OSPFv3 packets····································································································································427
OSPFv3 LSA types································································································································427
Protocols and standards ························································································································428
OSPFv3 configuration task list·······················································································································428
Enabling OSPFv3···········································································································································429
Configuring OSPFv3 area parameters···········································································································430
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································430
Configuring a stub area··························································································································430
Configuring an NSSA area·····················································································································430
Configuring an OSPFv3 virtual link········································································································431
Configuring OSPFv3 network types···············································································································431
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································432
Configuring the OSPFv3 network type for an interface··········································································432
Configuring an NBMA or P2MP neighbor ······························································································432
Configuring OSPFv3 route control·················································································································432
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································432
Configuring OSPFv3 route summarization·····························································································433
Configuring OSPFv3 received route filtering··························································································433
Configuring Inter-Area-Prefix LSA filtering·····························································································434
Setting an OSPFv3 cost for an interface································································································434
Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 ECMP routes·······································································435
Setting a preference for OSPFv3···········································································································435
Configuring OSPFv3 route redistribution ·······························································································435
Tuning and optimizing OSPFv3 networks······································································································437
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································437
Setting OSPFv3 timers···························································································································437
Setting LSA transmission delay ·············································································································437
Setting SPF calculation interval ·············································································································438
Setting the LSA generation interval········································································································438
Setting a DR priority for an interface······································································································439
Ignoring MTU check for DD packets······································································································439
Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPFv3 packets························································439
Enabling logging for neighbor state changes·························································································440
Configuring OSPFv3 network management···························································································440
Setting the LSU transmit rate·················································································································441
Configuring stub routers·························································································································441
Configuring prefix suppression···············································································································442
Configuring OSPFv3 authentication·······································································································443
Configuring OSPFv3 GR································································································································444
Configuring GR restarter························································································································444
Configuring GR helper ···························································································································444
Triggering OSPFv3 GR··························································································································445
Configuring OSPFv3 NSR······························································································································445
Configuring BFD for OSPFv3·························································································································445
Configuring OSPFv3 FRR······························································································································446

ix
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································446
Configuration guidelines·························································································································447
Configuration procedure·························································································································447
Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3··············································································································448
OSPFv3 configuration examples····················································································································449
OSPFv3 stub area configuration example ·····························································································449
OSPFv3 NSSA area configuration example ··························································································454
OSPFv3 DR election configuration example··························································································456
OSPFv3 route redistribution configuration example···············································································459
OSPFv3 route summarization configuration example············································································462
OSPFv3 GR configuration example·······································································································466
OSPFv3 NSR configuration example·····································································································467
BFD for OSPFv3 configuration example································································································468
OSPFv3 FRR configuration example·····································································································470
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS···············································································473
Overview························································································································································473
Configuring basic IPv6 IS-IS··························································································································473
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS route control ··············································································································474
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS link cost··············································································································475
Tuning and optimizing IPv6 IS-IS networks ···································································································476
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································476
Assigning a convergence priority to IPv6 IS-IS routes···········································································476
Setting the LSDB overload bit················································································································477
Configuring a tag value on an interface ·································································································477
Controlling SPF calculation interval ·······································································································478
Enabling IPv6 IS-IS ISPF·······················································································································478
Enabling prefix suppression···················································································································478
Configuring BFD for IPv6 IS-IS······················································································································479
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS FRR···························································································································479
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································480
Configuration procedure·························································································································480
Enabling IPv6 IS-IS MTR·······························································································································482
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 IS-IS···········································································································483
IPv6 IS-IS configuration examples·················································································································483
IPv6 IS-IS basic configuration example ·································································································483
BFD for IPv6 IS-IS configuration example ·····························································································487
IPv6 IS-IS FRR configuration example ··································································································490
Configuring IPv6 PBR················································································494
Overview························································································································································494
Policy······················································································································································494
PBR and Track·······································································································································495
IPv6 PBR configuration task list·····················································································································495
Configuring an IPv6 policy ·····························································································································496
Creating an IPv6 node ···························································································································496
Setting match criteria for an IPv6 node··································································································496
Configuring actions for an IPv6 node·····································································································496
Configuring IPv6 PBR····································································································································497
Configuring IPv6 local PBR····················································································································497
Configuring IPv6 interface PBR ·············································································································497
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PBR············································································································497
IPv6 PBR configuration examples··················································································································498
Packet type-based IPv6 local PBR configuration example····································································498
Packet type-based IPv6 interface PBR configuration example······························································499
Configuring routing policies········································································502
Overview························································································································································502
Filters ·····················································································································································502
Routing policy·········································································································································503
Configuring filters···········································································································································503
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································503

x
Configuring an IP prefix list····················································································································503
Configuring an AS path list·····················································································································504
Configuring a community list··················································································································504
Configuring an extended community list································································································505
Configuring a MAC list ···························································································································505
Configuring a routing policy····························································································································505
Configuration prerequisites····················································································································505
Creating a routing policy ························································································································505
Configuring if-match clauses··················································································································506
Configuring apply clauses······················································································································507
Configuring the continue clause·············································································································509
Displaying and maintaining the routing policy································································································509
Routing policy configuration examples ··········································································································510
Routing policy configuration example for IPv4 route redistribution························································510
Routing policy configuration example for IPv6 route redistribution························································513
Configuring DCN ·······················································································515
Overview························································································································································515
Basic concepts·······································································································································515
Basic features ········································································································································515
DCN configuration task list·····························································································································515
Enabling DCN ················································································································································516
Configuring the NE ID and NE IP···················································································································516
Configuring DCN VPN····································································································································516
Enabling the automatic report feature············································································································517
Configuring the source MAC address of LLDP frames··················································································517
Advertising the LLDP management address ·································································································518
Enabling the system to issue the generated ARP entry to a Layer 3 Ethernet subinterface after a port receives
an LLDP frame···············································································································································518
DCN configuration examples ·························································································································519
Document conventions and icons······························································525
Conventions···················································································································································525
Network topology icons··································································································································526
Support and other resources ·····································································527
Accessing Hewlett Packard Enterprise Support·····························································································527
Accessing updates·········································································································································527
Websites ················································································································································528
Customer self repair·······························································································································528
Remote support······································································································································528
Documentation feedback ·······················································································································528
Index··········································································································530

1
Configuring basic IP routing
IP routing directs IP packet forwarding on routers based on a routing table. This chapter focuses on
unicast routing protocols. For more information about multicast routing protocols, see IP Multicast
Configuration Guide.
Routing table
ARIB contains the global routing information and related information, including route recursion, route
redistribution, and route extension information. The router selects optimal routes from the routing
table and puts them into the FIB table. It uses the FIB table to forward packets. For more information
about the FIB table, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.
Table 1 categorizes routes by different criteria.
Table 1 Route categories
Criterion
Categories
Destination
•Network route—
The destination is a network. The subnet mask is less than 32
bits.
•Host route—The destination is a host. The subnet mask is 32 bits.
Whether the
destination is directly
connected
•Direct route—The destination is directly connected.
•Indirect route—The destination is indirectly connected.
Origin
•Direct route—Adirect route is discovered by the data link protocol on an
interface, and is also called an interface route.
•Static route—A static route is manually configured by an administrator.
•Dynamic route—Adynamic route is dynamically discovered by a routing
protocol.
To view brief information about a routing table, use the display ip routing-table command.
<Sysname> display ip routing-table
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
...
A route entry includes the following key items:
•
Destination—IP address of the destination host or network.
•
Mask—Mask length of the IP address.
•
Proto—Protocol that installed the route.
•
Pre—Preference of the route. Among routes to the same destination, the route with the highest
preference is optimal.

2
•
Cost—If multiple routes to a destination have the same preference, the one with the smallest
cost is the optimal route.
•
NextHop—Next hop.
•
Interface—Output interface.
Dynamic routing protocols
Static routes work well in small, stable networks. They are easy to configure and require fewer
system resources. However, in networks where topology changes occur frequently, a typical practice
is to configure a dynamic routing protocol. Compared with static routing, a dynamic routing protocol
is complicated to configure, requires more router resources, and consumes more network resources.
Dynamic routing protocols dynamically collect and report reachability information to adapt to
topology changes. They are suitable for large networks.
Dynamic routing protocols can be classified by different criteria, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Categories of dynamic routing protocols
Criterion
Categories
Operation scope •IGPs—Work within an AS. Examples include RIP, OSPF, and IS-IS.
•EGPs—Work betweenASs. The most popular EGP is BGP.
Routing algorithm
•Distance-vector protocols—Examples include RIP and BGP. BGP is also
considered a path-vector protocol.
•Link-state protocols—Examples include OSPF and IS-IS.
Destination address
type
•Unicast routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.
•Multicast routing protocols—Examples include PIM-SM and PIM-DM.
IP version
•IPv4 routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.
•IPv6 routing protocols—Examples include RIPng, OSPFv3, IPv6 BGP, and
IPv6 IS-IS.
An AS refers to a group of routers that use the same routing policy and work under the same
administration.
Route preference
Routing protocols, including static and direct routing, each by default have a preference. If they find
multiple routes to the same destination, the router selects the route with the highest preference as
the optimal route.
The preference of a direct route is always 0 and cannot be changed. You can configure a preference
for each static route and each dynamic routing protocol. The following table lists the route types and
default preferences. The smaller the value, the higher the preference.
Table 3 Route types and default route preferences
Route type
Preference
Direct route 0
Multicast static route 1
OSPF 10
IS-IS 15
Unicast static route 60

3
Route type
Preference
RIP 100
OSPF ASE 150
OSPF NSSA 150
IBGP 255
EBGP 255
Unknown (route from an untrusted source) 256
Load sharing
Arouting protocol might find multiple optimal equal-cost routes to the same destination. You can use
these routes to implement equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) load sharing.
Static routing, IPv6 static routing, RIP, RIPng, OSPF, OSPFv3, BGP, IPv6 BGP, IS-IS, and IPv6 IS-IS
support ECMP load sharing.
Route backup
Route backup can improve network availability. Among multiple routes to the same destination, the
route with the highest priority is the primary route and others are secondary routes.
The router forwards matching packets through the primary route. When the primary route fails, the
route with the highest preference among the secondary routes is selected to forward packets. When
the primary route recovers, the router uses it to forward packets.
Route recursion
To use a BGP, static, or RIP route that has an indirectly connected next hop, a router must perform
route recursion to find the output interface to reach the next hop.
Link-state routing protocols, such as OSPF and IS-IS, do not need route recursion, because they
obtain directly connected next hops through route calculation.
The RIB records and saves route recursion information, including brief information about related
routes, recursive paths, and recursion depth.
Route redistribution
Route redistribution enables routing protocols to learn routing information from each other. A
dynamic routing protocol can redistribute routes from other routing protocols, including direct and
static routing. For more information, see the respective chapters on those routing protocols in this
configuration guide.
The RIB records redistribution relationships of routing protocols.
Extension attribute redistribution
Extension attribute redistribution enables routing protocols to learn route extension attributes from
each other, including BGP extended community attributes, OSPF area IDs, route types, and router
IDs.

4
The RIB records extended attributes of each routing protocol and redistribution relationships of
different routing protocol extended attributes.
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB
Perform this task to prevent routes of a certain protocol from being aged out due to slow protocol
convergence resulting from a large number of route entries or long GR period.
The configuration takes effect at the next protocol or RIB process switchover.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv4):
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view.
rib
N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv4 routes and labels in the
RIB. protocol protocol [ instance
instance-name ] lifetime seconds
By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB is 480 seconds.
To set the maximum route lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv6):
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv6 routes and labels in the
RIB. protocol protocol [ instance
instance-name ] lifetime seconds
By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB is 480 seconds.
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB
When GR or NSR is disabled, FIB entries must be retained for some time after a protocol process
switchover or RIB process switchover. When GR or NSR is enabled, FIB entries must be removed
immediately after a protocol or RIB process switchover to avoid routing issues. Perform this task to
meet such requirements.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv4):
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.

5
Step
Command
Remarks
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv4 routes in the FIB. fib lifetime seconds By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes in the FIB
is 600 seconds.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv6):
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv6 routes in the FIB. fib lifetime seconds By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes in the FIB
is 600 seconds.
Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute
information to the FIB
This feature is available only for BGP routes in the current software version. You can configure this
feature when using sFlow to monitor BGP traffic. For more information about BGP path attributes
and sFlow, see Layer 3
— IP Routing Configuration Guide and Network Management and Monitoring
Configuration Guide.
To enable RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB:
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view.
system-view
N/A
2. Enter RIB view.
rib
N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable the RIB to flush route
attribute information to the
FIB. flush route-attribute protocol By default, the RIB does not
flush route attribute
information to the FIB.
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes
This configuration takes effect at reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network.
To set the maximum number of ECMP routes:
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Set the maximum number of
ECMP routes. max-ecmp-num number By default, the maximum
number of ECMP routes is
not set.

6
Configuring RIB NSR
IMPORTANT:
Use this feature with protocol GR or NSR to avoid route timeouts and traffic interruption.
When an active/standby switchover occurs, nonstop routing (NSR) backs up routing information
from the active process to the standby process to avoid routing flapping and ensure forwarding
continuity.
RIB NSR provides faster route convergence than protocol NSR during an active/standby switchover.
Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv4 RIB NSR. non-stop-routing By default, RIB NSR is
disabled.
Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv6 RIB NSR. non-stop-routing By default, RIB NSR is
disabled.
Configuring inter-protocol FRR
CAUTION:
This feature
uses the next hop of a route from a different protocol as the backup next hop for the
faulty route, which might cause loops.
Inter-protocol fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting between routes of different protocols. A
backup next hop is automatically selected to reduce the service interruption time caused by
unreachable next hops. When the next hop of the primary link fails, the traffic is redirected to the
backup next hop.
Among the routes to the same destination in the RIB, a router adds the route with the highest
preference to the FIB table. For example, if a static route and an OSPF route in the RIB have the
same destination, the router adds the OSPF route to the FIB table by default. The next hop of the
static route is selected as the backup next hop for the OSPF route. When the next hop of the OSPF
route is unreachable, the backup next hop is used.

7
Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv4 RIB
inter-protocol FRR. inter-protocol fast-reroute
[ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
By default, inter-protocol
FRR is disabled.
If you do not specify a VPN
instance, inter-protocol FRR
is enabled for the public
network.
Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view.
rib
N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv6 RIB
inter-protocol FRR. inter-protocol fast-reroute
[ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
By default, inter-protocol
FRR is disabled.
If you do not specify a VPN
instance, inter-protocol FRR
is enabled for the public
network.
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup
When a route changes, the routing protocol has to perform a route recursion if the next hop is
indirectly connected. The routing protocol might select an incorrect path, which can cause traffic loss.
To prevent this problem, you can use a routing policy to verify the recursive route. If the recursive
route fails to match the routing policy, the routing protocol invalidates the route and marks it as
unreachable.
For the device to use exact routes to forward the traffic, make sure all desired routes can match the
routing policy.
To configure routing policy-based recursive lookup:
Step
Command
Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4 address
family exists.

8
Step
Command
Remarks
4. Configure routing
policy-based recursive
lookup.
protocol protocol nexthop
recursive-lookup route-policy
route-policy-name
By default, routing policy-based
recursive lookup is not
configured.
Displaying and maintaining a routing table
Execute display commands in any view and reset commands in user view.
Task
Command
Display routing table information. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
[ verbose ]
Display information about routes
permitted by an IPv4 basic ACL. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]acl
ipv4-acl-number [ verbose ]
Display information about routes to a
specific destination address. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
ip-address [ mask-length | mask ] [ longer-match ] [ verbose ]
Display information about routes to a
range of destination addresses. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
ip-address1 to ip-address2 [ verbose ]
Display information about routes
permitted by an IP prefix list. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
prefix-list prefix-list-name [ verbose ]
Display information about routes
installed by a protocol. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
protocol protocol [ inactive | verbose ]
Display IPv4 route statistics. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
statistics
Display brief IPv4 routing table
information. display ip routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
summary
Display the maximum number of
ECMP routes. display max-ecmp-num
Display route attribute information in
the RIB. display rib attribute [ attribute-id ]
Display RIB GR state information. display rib graceful-restart
Display next hop information in the
RIB. display rib nib [ self-originated ] [ nib-id ] [ verbose ]
display rib nib protocol protocol [ verbose ]
Display next hop information for direct
routes. display route-direct nib [ nib-id ][verbose ]
Clear IPv4 route statistics. reset ip routing-table statistics protocol [vpn-instance
vpn-instance-name ] { protocol |all }
Display IPv6 routing table information. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
[ verbose ]
Display information about routes to an
IPv6 destination address. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
ipv6-address [ prefix-length ][ longer-match ] [ verbose ]
Display information about routes
permitted by an IPv6 basic ACL. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
acl ipv6-acl-number [ verbose ]
Display information about routes to a
range of IPv6 destination addresses. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
ipv6-address1
to
ipv6-address2 [
verbose
]
Display information about routes
permitted by an IPv6 prefix list. display ipv6 routing-table [ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
prefix-list prefix-list-name [ verbose ]