HP ProCurve Switch 2650 User manual

hp procurve
switch 2650 and switch 6108
management and
configuration guide
www.hp.com/go/hpprocurve

HP Procurve Switch 2650 and
Switch 6108
Management and Configuration Guide
Software Release H.07.01 or Greater
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Hewlett-Packard Company
8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551
Roseville, California 95747-5551
http://www.hp.com/go/hpprocurve
© Copyright 2000-2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
All Rights Reserved.
This document contains information which is protected by
copyright. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without
prior permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the
copyright laws.
Publication Number
5990-3062
October 2002
Edition 1
Applicable Product
HP Procurve Switch 2650 (J4899A)
HP Procurve Switch 6108 (J4902A)
Trademark Credits
Microsoft, Windows, Windows 95, and Microsoft Windows
NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Internet Explorer is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation.
Netscape is a registered trademark of Netscape Corporation.
Cisco® is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc.
Disclaimer
The information contained in this document is subject to
change without notice.
HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not
be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.
Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished
by Hewlett-Packard.
Warranty
See the Customer Support/Warranty booklet included with
the product.
A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your
Hewlett-Packard products and replacement parts can be
obtained from your HP Sales and Service Office or
authorized dealer.
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iii
Contents
Getting Started
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Command Syntax Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Getting Documentation From the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Need Only a Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
To Set Up and Install the Switch in Your Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
1 Selecting a Management Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Understanding Management Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Advantages of Using the Menu Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Advantages of Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Advantages of Using the HP Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Advantages of Using HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches . . . . . . . . . 1-6
2 Using the Menu Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Starting and Ending a Menu Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
How To Start a Menu Interface Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
How To End a Menu Session and Exit from the Console: . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
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Main Menu Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Screen Structure and Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Rebooting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Menu Features List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Where To Go From Here . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
3 Using the Command Line Interface (CLI)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Accessing the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Using the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Privilege Levels at Logon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Privilege Level Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
How To Move Between Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Listing Commands and Command Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Displaying CLI "Help" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Configuration Commands and the Context Configuration Modes . . 3-13
CLI Control and Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
4 Using the HP Web Browser Interface
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Starting an HP Web Browser Interface Session with the Switch . . 4-4
Using a Standalone Web Browser in a PC or UNIX Workstation . . . . 4-4
Using HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Tasks for Your First HP Web Browser Interface Session . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Viewing the “First Time Install” Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Creating Usernames and Passwords in the Browser Interface . . . . . . 4-8
Online Help for the HP Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Support/Mgmt URLs Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Support URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
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Help and the Management Server URL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Status Reporting Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
The Overview Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
The Port Utilization and Status Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
The Alert Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
The Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Setting Fault Detection Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
5 Switch Memory and Configuration
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Overview of Configuration File Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Using the CLI To Implement Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Using the Menu and Web Browser Interfaces To Implement
Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Menu: Implementing Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Web: Implementing Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Using Primary and Secondary Flash Image Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Displaying the Current Flash Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
OS Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Local OS Replacement and Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Rebooting the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
6 Interface Access, System Information, and Friendly Port
Names
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Interface Access: Console/Serial Link, Web, and Inbound Telnet . 6-3
Menu: Modifying the Interface Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
CLI: Modifying the Interface Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Denying Interface Access by Terminating Remote Management
Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
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System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Menu: Viewing and Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
CLI: Viewing and Configuring System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Web: Configuring System Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Using Friendly (Optional) Port Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Configuring and Operating Rules for Friendly Port Names . . . . . . . . 6-15
Configuring Friendly Port Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Displaying Friendly Port Names with Other Port Data . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
7 Configuring IP Addressing
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Just Want a Quick Start with IP Addressing? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
IP Addressing with Multiple VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
IP Addressing in a Stacking Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Menu: Configuring IP Address, Gateway, and Time-To-Live (TTL) . . 7-5
CLI: Configuring IP Address, Gateway, and Time-To-Live (TTL) . . . . 7-7
Web: Configuring IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
How IP Addressing Affects Switch Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
IP Preserve: Retaining VLAN-1 IP Addressing Across Configuration
File Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Operating Rules for IP Preserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Globally Assigned IP Network Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
8 Time Protocols
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
TimeP Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
SNTP Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Overview: Selecting a Time Synchronization Protocol or Turning Off
Time Protocol Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
General Steps for Running a Time Protocol on the Switch: . . . . . . . . 8-3
Disabling Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
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SNTP: Viewing, Selecting, and Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Menu: Viewing and Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
CLI: Viewing and Configuring SNTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
TimeP: Viewing, Selecting, and Configuring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Menu: Viewing and Configuring TimeP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
CLI: Viewing and Configuring TimeP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
SNTP Unicast Time Polling with Multiple SNTP Servers . . . . . . . . 8-21
Address Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Adding and Deleting SNTP Server Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Menu: Operation with Multiple SNTP Server Addresses . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
SNTP Messages in the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
9 Optimizing Traffic Flow with Port Controls, Port
Trunking, and Port-Based Priority
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Menu: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . 9-5
CLI: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . . 9-6
Web: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters . . . . . . . 9-9
Port Trunking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Switches 2650 and 6108 Port Trunk Features and Operation . . . . . . 9-11
Trunk Configuration Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Menu: Viewing and Configuring a Static Trunk Group . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16
CLI: Viewing and Configuring Port Trunk Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Web: Viewing Existing Port Trunk Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Trunk Group Operation Using LACP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-25
Trunk Group Operation Using the “Trunk” Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
Trunk Operation Using the “FEC” Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
How the Switch Lists Trunk Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Outbound Traffic Distribution Across Trunked Links . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Configuring Port-Based Priority for Incoming Packets . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Messages Related to Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38
Troubleshooting Prioritization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38
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10 Configuring for Network Management Applications
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Using SNMP Tools To Manage the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
SNMP Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Configuring for SNMP Access to the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
SNMP Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4
Trap Receivers and Authentication Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
Advanced Management: RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12
CDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
CDP Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14
General CDP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Outgoing Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Incoming CDP Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
Configuring CDP on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Viewing the Switch’s Current CDP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Viewing the Switch’s Current CDP Neighbors Table . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Clearing (Resetting) the CDP Neighbors Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Configuring CDP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Effect of Spanning Tree (STP) On CDP Packet Transmission . . . . 10-24
Selection of the IP Address in Outbound CDP Packets . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
CDP Neighbor Data and MIB Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
11 Port-Based Virtual LANs (VLANs) and GVRP
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
Port-Based Virtual LANs (Static VLANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4
Overview of Using VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
Menu: Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
CLI: Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-16
Web: Viewing and Configuring VLAN Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-22
VLAN Tagging Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-23
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The Secure Management VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-27
Effect of VLANs on Other Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31
VLAN Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-32
GVRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-34
General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-35
Per-Port Options for Handling GVRP “Unknown VLANs” . . . . . . . . 11-37
Per-Port Options for Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining . . . . 11-39
GVRP and VLAN Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41
Planning for GVRP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-42
Configuring GVRP On a Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-42
GVRP Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-47
12 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP Multicast (IGMP)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
General Operation and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3
IGMP Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4
IGMP Operating Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-5
CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-6
Web: Enabling or Disabling IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-10
How IGMP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-11
Operation With or Without IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-12
Automatic Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
Forced Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-14
Configuring Per-Port Forced Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-17
Using the Switch as Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
Querier Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-18
Excluding Well-Known or Reserved Multicast Addresses from IP
Multicast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-19
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13 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
and 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
How Spanning Tree Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
Spanning Tree Options: RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1d) . . . . . . . . 13-5
Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP) . . . . . 13-7
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-7
Transitioning from STP to RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-8
Configuring RSTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-9
802.1p Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
Menu: Configuring 802.1D STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
CLI: Configuring 802.1D STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22
STP Fast Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-26
Fast-Uplink Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-27
Web: Enabling or Disabling STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-41
14 HP Procurve Stack Management
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
Which Devices Support Stacking? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
Components of HP Procurve Stack Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
General Stacking Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
Operating Rules for Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-6
Configuring Stack Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
Overview of Configuring and Bringing Up a Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-9
Menu: View Stack Status and Configure Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-13
Using the Commander To Manage The Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-17
Monitoring Stack Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-25
CLI: View Stack Status and Configure Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-29
SNMP Community Operation in a Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-43
CLI: Disable or Re-Enable Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
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xi
Transmission Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
Stacking Operation with Multiple VLANs Configured . . . . . . . . . . . 14-44
Web: Viewing and Configuring Stacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-45
Status Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-46
15 IP Routing Features
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
Overview of IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
IP Tables and Caches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-3
IP Global Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-5
IP Interface Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6
Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7
Configuring IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7
Configuring ARP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7
Configuring Forwarding Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-10
Configuring ICMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-11
Configuring Static IP Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-13
Static Route Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-13
Static IP Route Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-14
Static Route States Follow Port States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-14
Configuring a Static IP Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-15
Configuring a “Null” Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-16
Configuring IRDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-17
Enabling IRDP Globally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-18
Enabling IRDP on an Individual VLAN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-18
Displaying IRDP Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-19
Configuring DHCP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-20
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-20
DHCP Packet Forwarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-20
Minimum Requirements for DHCP Relay Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-21
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xii
A File Transfers
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Downloading Switch Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
General Switch Software Download Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Using TFTP To Download Switch Software from a Server . . . . . . . . A-3
Using Xmodem to Download Switch Software From a PC or
UNIX Workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Switch-to-Switch Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
Using the HP TopTools for Hubs & Switches Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Troubleshooting TFTP Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-12
Transferring Switch Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-13
Copying Diagnostic Data to a Remote Host, PC, or
Unix Workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-16
B Monitoring and Analyzing Switch Operation
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Status and Counters Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Menu Access To Status and Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-4
General System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
Switch Management Address Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Viewing Port and Trunk Group Statistics and Flow Control Status . B-8
Viewing the Switch’s MAC Address Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-11
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-16
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Status . . . . . . . . . . . B-18
VLAN Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-19
Web Browser Interface Status Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-22
Port and Static Trunk Monitoring Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-23
Menu: Configuring Port and Static Trunk Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . B-24
CLI: Configuring Port and Static Trunk Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-26
Web: Configuring Port Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-28
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xiii
C Troubleshooting
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Troubleshooting Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Browser or Telnet Access Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Unusual Network Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
General Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6
802.1q Prioritization Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
CDP Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
IGMP-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8
LACP-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Port-Based Access Control (802.1x)-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Radius-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-12
Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) and Fast-Uplink Problems . . . . . . . C-14
SSH-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-15
Stacking-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-16
TACACS-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-16
TimeP, SNTP, or Gateway Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-18
VLAN-Related Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-18
Using the Event Log To Identify Problem Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-21
Structure of the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-21
Menu: Entering and Navigating in the Event Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-23
CLI: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-24
Diagnostic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-25
Port Auto-Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-26
Ping and Link Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-26
Displaying the Configuration File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-30
CLI Administrative and Troubleshooting Commands . . . . . . . . . . . C-32
Restoring the Factory-Default Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-33
Restoring a Flash Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-34
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xiv
D MAC Address Management
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Determining MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
Menu: Viewing the Switch’s MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
CLI: Viewing the Port and VLAN MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4
E Daylight Savings Time on HP Procurve Switches
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index-1
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Getting Started
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Command Syntax Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii
Getting Documentation From the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx
Need Only a Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
To Set Up and Install the Switch in Your Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
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xvi
Getting Started
Introduction
Introduction
This Access Security Guide is intended for use with the following switches:
■HP Procurve Switch 2650
■HP Procurve Switch 6108
This guide describes how to use the command line interface (CLI), Menu
interface, and web browser interface to configure, manage, and monitor
switch operation. A troubleshooting chapter is also included.
For information on other product documentation for Switches 2650 and 6108,
refer to “Related Publications” on page xviii.
The Product Documentation CD-ROM shipped with the switch includes a
copy of this guide. You can also download a copy from the HP Procurve
website. (See “Getting Documentation From the Web” on page xix, below.)
Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions for command syntax and displayed
information.
Command Syntax Statements
Syntax: aaa port-access authenticator < port-list >
[ control < authorized | auto | unauthorized >]
■Vertical bars ( | ) separate alternative, mutually exclusive elements.
■Square brackets ( [ ] ) indicate optional elements.
■Braces ( < > ) enclose required elements.
■Braces within square brackets ( [ < > ] ) indicate a required element within
an optional choice.
■Boldface indicates use of a CLI command, part of a CLI command syntax,
or other displayed element in general text. For example:
“Use the copy tftp command to download the key from a TFTP server.”
■Italics indicate variables for which you must supply a value when execut-
ing the command. For example, in this command syntax, you must provide
one or more port numbers:
Syntax: aaa port-access authenticator < port-list >
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xvii
Getting Started
Conventions
Command Prompts
In the default configuration, your Switch 2650 or 6108 displays one of the
following CLI prompts:
HP Procurve Switch 2650#
HP Procurve Switch 6108#
To simplify recognition, this guide uses HPswitch to represent command
prompts for all models. For example:
HPswitch#
(You can use the hostname command to change the text in the CLI prompt.)
Screen Simulations
Figures containing simulated screen text and command output look like this:
Figure 1. Example of a Figure Showing a Simulated Screen
In some cases, brief command-output sequences appear without figure iden-
tification. For example:
HPswitch(config)# clear public key
HPswitch(config)# show ip client public key
show_client_public_key: cannot stat keyfile
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xviii
Getting Started
Related Publications
Related Publications
Read Me First. The Read Me First shipped with your switch provides soft-
ware update information, product notes, and other information. A printed
copy is shipped with your switch. For the latest version, refer to “Getting
Documentation From the Web” on page xix.
Installation and Getting Started Guide. Use the Installation and Get-
ting Started Guide shipped with your switch to prepare for and perform the
physical installation. This guide also steps you through connecting the switch
to your network and assigning IP addressing, as well as describing the LED
indications for correct operation and trouble analysis. A PDF version of this
guide is also provided on the Product Documentation CD-ROM shipped with
the switch. And you can download a copy from the HP Procurve website. (See
“Getting Documentation From the Web” on page xix.)
Access Security Guide. Use the Access Security Guide to learn how to use
and configure the following access security features available in the switch:
■Username and Password Security
■TACACS+ Authentication
■RADIUS Authentication and Accounting
■Secure Shell (SSH) Encryption
■Port-Based Access Control (802.1x)
■Port Security Using Authorized MAC Addresses
■Authorized IP Managers
HP provides a PDF version of this guide on the Product Documentation CD-
ROM shipped with the switch. You can also download a copy from the HP
Procurve website. (See “Getting Documentation From the Web” on page xix.)
Command Line Interface Reference Guide. This guide, available in a
PDF file on the HP Procurve website, provides a summary of the CLI com-
mands generally available for HP Procurve switches. For the latest version,
see “Getting Documentation From the Web” on page xix.
Release Notes. Release notes are posted on the HP Procurve website and
provide information on new software updates:
■New features and how to configure and use them
■Software management, including downloading software to the switch
■Software fixes addressed in current and previous releases
To view and download a copy of the latest release notes for your switch, see
“Getting Documentation From the Web” on page xix.
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