Hytec Electronics MK4 Release Note

1365 Ethernet CAMAC Crate Controller
MK4
Technical Handbook
Issue 1
Hytec Electronics Ltd 2001

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page2
AMENDMENT RECORD
Issue Date Change Author Reviewed by
1
August 2001 New Document P. Marshall M.Woodward
Checked by :-Date:-
[P. Marshall] Authorising Engineer

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page3
This handbook is subject to copyright.
All rights are reserved.
This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced,
translated or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without
prior written consent from HYTEC Electronics Ltd. UK.
The use of the equipment described herein does not constitute any health or safety
hazards when used according to the instructions contained in this handbook.
However, your attention is drawn to the following basic safety precautions, which
should be observed.
1. Ensure that the instructions contained herein have been carried out and that
users have received adequate training.
2. If in doubt regarding the safe operation and maintenance of this equipment,
consult Hytec Electronics Ltd.
WARNINGS MUST BE OBSERVED AT ALL TIMES
THEY ARE PRINTED FOR YOUR PROTECTION.
Whilst every effort has been made in this handbook to instruct users in the correct
methods of using the equipment, Hytec Electronics Ltd. accepts no liability for
personal injury or damage to the equipment howsoever such injury or damage might
becaused.
This handbook is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of printing.
However, customer’s special requirements and other circumstances might make
modifications necessary from time to time.
Although every effort is made to keep thehandbook relating to every part of this
equipment in step with future modifications, users are advised that if any doubt exists
regarding any statement, illustration or diagram, reference must be made to the
supplier.
Hytec Electronics Ltd. acknowledges all registered trademarks.

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page4
Thispageisintentionallyblank

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page5
1365 Ethernet Crate Controller MK 4
28/8/2001
ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................................................9
1INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................10
1.1 How to use this Technical Handbook......................................................................................................10
1.2 An outline of the ECC 1365 MK 4 functions..........................................................................................10
2HARDWARE OVERVIEW ...........................................................................................12
2.1 The Controller Board.....................................................................................................................................12
2.2 The Support Board.........................................................................................................................................12
2.3 The UTP Ethernet Connection...................................................................................................................13
2.4 The Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................13
3SOFTWARE OVERVIEW............................................................................................ 16
3.1 Host Software Overview...............................................................................................................................16
3.1.1 VMS Host Introduction.............................................................................................................................16
3.1.2 Unix Host Introduction..............................................................................................................................17
3.1.3 User-based Software................................................................................................................................17
3.2 Firmware Overview........................................................................................................................................18
3.2.1 Major Functions..........................................................................................................................................21
3.2.2 CAMAC Functionality...............................................................................................................................22
4SYSTEM PROTOCOLS...............................................................................................23
4.1 Transport Layer Protocols............................................................................................................................23
4.1.1 Logical Link Control..................................................................................................................................24
4.1.2 UDP/IP...........................................................................................................................................................26
4.2 Application Layer Protocols–Command Block Format....................................................................26
4.2.1 Command Block Format for ECP Frame Carried by UDP..........................................................27
4.3 Data Segmentation.........................................................................................................................................28
4.4 Data to the ECC 1365...................................................................................................................................28
4.5 Data from the ECC 1365..............................................................................................................................28
4.6 ECC 1365 Commands ..................................................................................................................................29
4.7 CAMAC Operation Routines .......................................................................................................................30
4.8 Mapping ESONE / DOE Subroutines to Network Protocols............................................................31
4.9 Network Protocols...........................................................................................................................................34
4.9.1 Find Address Protocol..............................................................................................................................34
4.9.2 ECC 1365 Reset Protocol......................................................................................................................34
4.9.3 ECC 1365 Status Protocol.....................................................................................................................35
4.9.4 Ethernet Control Protocol.......................................................................................................................35
5NETWORK TIME...........................................................................................................36
5.1 Theory.................................................................................................................................................................36
5.2 Practice...............................................................................................................................................................36
5.3 Network Time Algorithm ...............................................................................................................................37
5.4 Network Time Protocol..................................................................................................................................37
6ETHERNET CAMAC CONTROLLER FIRMWARE DETAILS ..............................38
6.1 Priorities & Main Control Loop....................................................................................................................38
6.2 Timer Interrupt Actions..................................................................................................................................42
6.3 QSPAN/82559 Interrupt Actions................................................................................................................43
6.4 LAM Interrupt Actions ....................................................................................................................................44
6.5 Module booking...............................................................................................................................................44
6.6 LAM Booking....................................................................................................................................................45
6.7 Operating Statistics ........................................................................................................................................45
6.8 Tracing................................................................................................................................................................47
6.9 Downloading New Software........................................................................................................................47
6.10 Initialisation.......................................................................................................................................................47
6.11 The Tick Timer.................................................................................................................................................48
6.12 Time Tagging...................................................................................................................................................48
6.13 The Clock System...........................................................................................................................................48
6.14 The Crash Table..............................................................................................................................................48
6.15 Command Processing...................................................................................................................................50
6.16 COR Processing..............................................................................................................................................50
6.17 Security Processing .......................................................................................................................................50

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page6
6.18 Power Fail..........................................................................................................................................................50
6.19 Error Codes.......................................................................................................................................................50
7ECC 1365 FRONT PANEL DIAGNOSTICS TERMINAL SUPPORT...................51
7.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................................51
7.1.1 Trap Details .................................................................................................................................................53
7.2 Normal Mode Commands............................................................................................................................53
7.2.1 Display Security.........................................................................................................................................53
7.2.2 Display DTM4 .............................................................................................................................................54
7.2.3 Display Statistics........................................................................................................................................54
7.2.4 Display Address.........................................................................................................................................56
7.2.5 Display Crash..............................................................................................................................................57
7.2.6 Display Mode..............................................................................................................................................57
7.2.7 Display ARP ................................................................................................................................................57
7.2.8 Display Auto................................................................................................................................................57
7.2.9 Change Security........................................................................................................................................57
7.2.10 Change DTM4 [n].................................................................................................................................59
7.2.11 Change MODE [n]................................................................................................................................59
7.2.12 Reset........................................................................................................................................................59
7.2.13 HELP........................................................................................................................................................60
7.2.14 CAMAC....................................................................................................................................................60
7.3 Battery-backed RAM Mode Commands .................................................................................................60
7.3.1 !INIT................................................................................................................................................................61
7.3.2 !AUTO............................................................................................................................................................61
7.3.3 !EPA[n] ..........................................................................................................................................................61
7.3.4 !EMA [n]........................................................................................................................................................62
7.3.5 !CLRSEC......................................................................................................................................................62
7.3.6 !DLMEM........................................................................................................................................................62
7.3.7 !IPA[n]............................................................................................................................................................63
7.3.8 !IPS[n]............................................................................................................................................................63
7.4 Diagnostic Mode Commands......................................................................................................................63
7.4.1 $CL .................................................................................................................................................................63
7.4.2 $DL .................................................................................................................................................................63
7.4.3 $DM................................................................................................................................................................63
7.4.4 $DW...............................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.5 $DB.................................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.6 $CW...............................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.7 $CB.................................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.8 $DMOD.........................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.9 $DHOSTI......................................................................................................................................................64
7.4.10 $DHOSTE...............................................................................................................................................64
7.4.11 $RUN........................................................................................................................................................65
7.4.11.1 $RUN MEMORY........................................................................................................................65
7.4.11.2 $RUN CAMAC............................................................................................................................66
7.4.11.3 $RUN TIMER..............................................................................................................................66
7.4.11.4 $RUN LEDS................................................................................................................................66
7.4.12 $NORMAL...............................................................................................................................................67
7.4.13 $CAMAC .................................................................................................................................................67
8USING THE ECC 1365.................................................................................................68
8.1 Installing the ECC 1365................................................................................................................................68
8.1.1 Configuring as Master ACB...................................................................................................................68
8.1.2 Configuring as Slave ACB......................................................................................................................69
8.1.3 Connecting to Thick Wire Ethernet......................................................................................................72
8.1.4 Connecting the Front Panel RS232 Port to a terminal.................................................................73
8.1.5 Configuring the Links & Switches ........................................................................................................73
8.1.5.1 CAMAC Crate Number Switches ..............................................................................................74
8.1.5.2 Diagnostic Mode/Normal /Reset Switch..................................................................................74
8.1.5.3 Z Switch..............................................................................................................................................74
8.1.5.4 Left Hand Controller Board Switches.......................................................................................74
8.1.5.5 Left Hand Controller Board Jumpers .......................................................................................76
8.2 Initial Setup Of Battery-Backed RAM.......................................................................................................77

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page7
8.2.1 Entering Battery-Backed Ram Setup Mode .....................................................................................77
8.2.2 Clearing All Data From The Battery-Backed RAM.........................................................................78
8.2.3 Setting Up The Ethernet Address........................................................................................................78
8.2.4 Setting Up The Internet Protocol And Socket ID Addresses......................................................78
8.2.4.1 Internet Addresses.........................................................................................................................79
8.2.4.2 PING Command..............................................................................................................................80
8.2.4.3 Socket Address (port number)...................................................................................................80
8.2.5 Starting the ECC 1365 in Normal Mode ............................................................................................80
8.3 Trouble Shooting.............................................................................................................................................81
9SECURITY FEATURES...............................................................................................83
ECC 1365 MK 4 SPECIFICATION..................................................................................... 85
GLOSSARY ...........................................................................................................................86
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................87
APPENDICES........................................................................................................................ 88
A1 ECC 1365 HARDWARE DETAILS............................................................................ 89
A2 ECC 1365 PROTOCOLS FRAME FORMATS......................................................... 94
A3 VAX/VMS HOST SOFTWARE DETAILS .................................................................97
A3.1 User-based Software.....................................................................................................................................97
A3.1.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................97
A3.1.2 User Based Software Central Routine..........................................................................................99
A3.1.3 User Based Software Completion Processing...........................................................................99
A3.2 Interface Between User-and System-based Software ..................................................................100
A3.3 System-based Software ECC_1365 process......................................................................................101
A3.3.1 Initialisation...........................................................................................................................................102
A3.3.2 Normal Operations.............................................................................................................................102
A3.3.2.1 Host Event..................................................................................................................................102
A3.3.2.2 Network Event..........................................................................................................................103
A3.3.2.3 Timer Event...............................................................................................................................103
A3.3.3 Received Ethernet Frame ...............................................................................................................104
A3.3.3.1 Normal Processing..................................................................................................................104
A3.3.3.2 Received Events......................................................................................................................104
A3.4 Data Structures..............................................................................................................................................106
A3.4.1 Global Memory Allocation...............................................................................................................106
A3.4.2 LLC Control Table..............................................................................................................................107
A3.4.3 StatusCodes.......................................................................................................................................107
A3.4.4 Access Table.......................................................................................................................................108
A3.4.5 ECC_HOST Control Table..............................................................................................................108
A3.4.6 Configuration Data File.....................................................................................................................108
A4 AUXILIARY CONTROLLER LOCKOUT MODE (ACL MODE) ..........................109
A4.1 Overview..........................................................................................................................................................109
A4.2 Multiple Controllers on the Auxiliary Control Bus (ACB).................................................................109
A4.3 Request Grant Mode...................................................................................................................................109
A4.4 ACL Mode........................................................................................................................................................109
A5 ERROR PROCESSING AND ERROR MESSAGES ............................................ 110
A5.1 VAX/VMS Error Processing.......................................................................................................................110
A5.2 UNIX Error Processing................................................................................................................................110
A5.3 Error messages .............................................................................................................................................110
A5.3.1 User Process Errors..........................................................................................................................111
A5.3.2 Manager Process Errors ..................................................................................................................112
A5.3.3 ECC 1365 Controller Errors............................................................................................................114

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page8
FIGURES
Figure 1 1365 MK 4 Front Panel Details............................................................................ 15
Figure 2:Ethernet/CAMAC System.....................................................................................16
Figure 3 VMS Host Processes ............................................................................................ 17
Figure 4 A simple System Configuration...........................................................................19
Figure 5 A multi host,multi-ECC system configuration...................................................19
Figure 6 Protocol Layer model for the ECC 1365............................................................ 23
Figure 7 Network Interactions..............................................................................................25
Figure 8 Processing Priorities..............................................................................................39
Figure 9 Command List Data Flow-Immediate Operations ...........................................40
Figure 10 Command List Data Flow...................................................................................41
Figure 11 Command List Data Flow-Deferred Operations ............................................ 43
Figure 12 ECC 1365 MK 4 view of left hand side board.................................................70
Figure 13 ECC 1365 MK 4 view of right hand side board...............................................71
Figure 14 Diagnostic terminal 9 way D-type connector...................................................73
Figure 15 Internet Address Formats...................................................................................79
Figure 16 Security Table Entry Format ..............................................................................83
Figure 17 Control Register Format.....................................................................................91
Figure 18 Status Register Format.......................................................................................92
TABLES
Table 1 (ECP) Frame Format when carried by LLC........................................................ 27
Table 2 ECP Frame format when carried by UDP...........................................................27
Table 3 ECC 1365 Command Format................................................................................ 29
Table 4 ECC 1365 Control Commands .............................................................................29
Table 5 CAMAC Operation Command...............................................................................30
Table 6 CAMAC Operation Routines .................................................................................31
Table 7 Single Action Command Block..............................................................................31
Table 8 Mapping ESONE / DOE subroutines to ECC 1365 Commands......................32
Table 9 Mapping ESONE / DOE Subroutines to ECC 1365 Commands Block
Transfers and Multiple actions ............................................................................. 33
Table 10 Statistics Table Format........................................................................................ 46
Table 11 Table Trace Entry Form.......................................................................................47
Table 12 ECC 1365 MK 4 Firmware Error Codes (Crash Codes)................................. 49
Table 13 ECC 1365 Front Panel Terminal Commands...................................................52
Table 14 Command Word Abbreviations...........................................................................53
Table 15 ECC 1365 Statistics Printout...............................................................................55
Table 16 Available Diagnostic Tests ..................................................................................65
Table 17 Security Table Capabilities Field Format..........................................................84
Table A2-1 NTP Multicast Frame Format..........................................................................94
Table A2-2 FAP Multicast Frame Format..........................................................................94
Table A2-3 ERP Multicast Frame Format ........................................................................ 95
Table A2-4 ECP Frame Format (LLC and Pseudo LLC3 only)......................................95
Table A3-1............................................................................................................................106
Table A3-2............................................................................................................................107
Table A3-3............................................................................................................................107
Table A3-4............................................................................................................................108
Table A3-5............................................................................................................................108

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page9
ABBREVIATIONS
These abbreviations are used throughout
Each abbreviation is shown in full when firstintroduced in each chapter.
ACB Auxiliary Controller Bus
UTP Universal Twisted Pair
COR CAMAC Operation Routine
DOE Department of Energy
DTM4 CAMAC Dataway Test Module–Type 4 (Available from Hytec Electronics Ltd. UK)
ECC Ethernet Crate Controller
ECP Ethernet CAMAC Protocol
ESONE European Standards on Nuclear Equipment
FAP FindAddressProtocol
LAM CAMACLookatMeInterrupt
LLC LogicalLinkControl
LSAP Link Service Access Point
NTP Network Time Protocol
PID Process Identifier
QSPAN Motorola-to-PCI bridge chip
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
UDP User Datagram Protocol

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page10
CHAPTER 1
1INTRODUCTION
This handbook is concerned with the Ethernet Crate Controller, type ECC 1365 MK 4. It is one of a
range of CAMAC modules designed in the U.K. by HYTEC Electronics Ltd. Hytec is a long established
hardware, software and systems company, which leads CAMAC development in industry and
research.
1.1 How to use this Technical Handbook
The intended audience forthis manual is both the purchaser of the ECC 1365 module who wishes to
get it configured and operational and for the system implementer who wishes to learn about the
module.
For the system implementer who wishes to learn about the module, he or she should read the
chapters in the order presented.
For the purchaser of an ECC 1365 module who wishes to get it configured and operational, he or she
should optionally read Chapters 1, 2 and 3 if familiarisation is necessary, and then proceed to Chapter
8.
It isessential that new purchasers read Chapter 8 thoroughly.
Installation of host software for VMS and UNIX is covered in the Installation Guide. In all cases, it is
assumed the reader is familiar with CAMAC systems and Ethernet Local Area Networks.
1.2 An outline of the ECC 1365 MK 4 functions
The ECC 1365 MK 4 controller is the latest version in the ECC 1365 range. It is an enhanced
performance version of the MKIII controller. It uses a 32-bit Motorola 50MHz 68EC060 processor with
cache instead of the 68EC030 processor used in the MKIII. It also uses a later generation higher
performance Intel 82559 PCI Fast Ethernet chip in place of the SONIC (System Oriented Network
Interface Controller) chip used in the MKIII. Other functional changes described in detail in this
document and highlighted in our sales literature are also present. The result is that the MK 4 controller
is able to show a significant performance improvement over the MKIII version.
The HYTEC 1365 Ethernet CAMAC Controller (ECC 1365) is a two-width controller (ACB Master or
Slave), designed to be driven from one or more hosts across an Ethernet local area network. This
provides a fast and efficient interface between a CAMAC crate and a UTP Ethernet LAN.
The ECC 1365 MK 4 is based on a 32 bit Motorola 68EC060 processor with cache, with
comprehensive firmware resident in 256 Kbytes of EPROM, plus processor working space in 2 Mbytes
of RAM. Unused RAM can be configured to hold user-written downloaded commands and/or routines.
The front panel has one LAN connector –an 8-way MMJ-type 10/100 UTP connector. It also has an
RS232port(9-way D-type), for local diagnostic terminal support.

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page11
The following features are provided by the ECC 1365:
∼Compliant with CAMAC ACB –can be Master or Slave
∼Full specification 10/100 UTP Ethernet with Auto-negotiation
∼Uses a Motorola 68EC060 processor (50 MHz) with cache
∼Supports multiple concurrent hosts
∼Network Time Protocol Support
∼Provides data timestamping
∼Supports Block mode and List mode facilities
∼Responds todown-line-loadable user-defined commands
∼Software support available for a range of hosts, including:
Alpha AXP
DEC VAX/VMS
WindowsNT
LINUX
UNIX systems via User Datagram Protocol and Internet Protocol
(Note: UDP is normally available as part of theTCP/IP protocol set)
∼Compliant with ISO/IEC IS8802-3CSMA/CD
∼Supports standard ESONE /DOE subroutines
∼Security, including controller-residentaccesstables
∼Logical Link Control (ISO /IEC IS8802-2) support
∼User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol (UDP/IP) support

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page12
CHAPTER 2
2HARDWARE OVERVIEW
TheEthernetCrateControllerisatwo-width CAMAC module. It consists of two PCBs. The left board
(viewed from the front) is the main board and is known as the Controller Board. The right board is the
support board and contains the N and L Line decoding and pull-up resistors.
The controller can act as a Master Controller (see Chapter 8, USING THE ECC 1365, Page 71) or as
an Auxiliary ACB Controller.
Front-panel connectors are provided for Ethernet, i.e. there is a standard 8-way MMJ Type UTP
connector, and a 9-way D-type diagnostic terminal connector.
2.1 The Controller Board
Thisfull-size board takes up the left of the controller module and holds the:
50 MHz 68EC060 processor with cache
64Kx32–bit long words of EPROM (firmware)
512K x 32-bit long words of static RAM (all battery-backed)
Configuration Switches and jumpers
QSPAN PCI Bridge chip
Intel 82559 PCI Fast Ethernet chip
MC68901 multi-function peripheral chip for diagnostic terminal and timing
functions.
Optional full 32-bit PCI socket for adding extra functionality
Xilinx-based CAMAC port and associated Ethernet address PROM.
2.2 The Support Board
The support board is a short board containing: -
∼The N Line decoders.
∼The N and L line pull-up resistor packs

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page13
2.3 The UTP Ethernet Connection
The 10/100 Mbit UTP connection is accessed at the front panel, via an 8-way MMJ-typeconnector.
Data is passed between the ECC 1365 and the Ethernet via this connection. The Intel 82559
automatically connects at the highest available rate through auto-negotiation.
2.4 The Front Panel
The front panel is a standard two-wide panel from which all the ECC 1365 external functions are
connected, see Figure 1.
Thisfigureshows:
∼TwelvestatusLEDs,seebelow
∼Two Crate Address rotary switches
∼Three Request-Grant connectors
∼UTPEthernetconnector
∼A controller Reset / Normal / Diagnostic mode toggle switch
∼An RS232 Diagnostic connector (9-way D-type)
∼CAMAC ZED button
Afull description of these functions is given in Chapter 8.1, Installing the ECC 1365, Page68.

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page14
Front Panel Status LEDs
NOX ON = No CAMAC X on last CAMAC cycle
NOQ ON = No CAMAC Q on lastCAMAC cycle
INH ON = CAMAC Inhibit Line Asserted
SEC ON = No Security table entries present (controller is OPEN)
DIAG ON = Diagnostic mode selected. Normal operation not possible
DENB ON = CAMAC demands enabled to at least one host
COMM ON = Executing Command –Firmware is executing an internal command
FAST CAMAC ON = Executing CAMAC transfers in Fast CAMAC mode (later enhancement)
CAMAC ON = Executing CAMAC cycle
LINK ON = UTP Link established
ACTIVE ON = Network traffic active
SPEED ON =100Mbitlinkestablished.

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page15
Figure11365 MK 4 Front Panel Details
UTP
REQUEST
LINK
GRANT OUT
GRANT IN
ACTIVE
SPEED
MSD
LSD
Z
DIAG
RESET
NORM
RS232
ETHERNETCRATE
CONTROLLER MK4
ECC 1365
HYTEC
Q
X
INH
SEC
DIA
DEN
COMM
FAST CAMAC
CAMAC

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page16
CHAPTER 3
3SOFTWARE OVERVIEW
3.1 Host Software Overview
Host control of the ECC 1365 is achieved by specific CAMAC command and control messages,
delivered to the controller by either Logical Link Control type 1 & type 3 protocols (LLC1 & LLC3) or
the UDP/IP protocols. Users who prefer to implement their own host support can do so by using the
protocol definition documents available from Hytec Electronics Ltd.
Host support for DEC VAX, running VMS via logical link control protocols, and UNIX Systems via the
User Datagram Protocols are available. This includes device drivers, protocol handlers and system
processes, to manage user process requests and to provide configuration and time protocol support.
Figure2:Ethernet/CAMAC System
High-level language support is provided through a library that includes the ESONE /DOE subroutines,
with further routines to support the extra functionality of the controller. A command line interface is
available, to display the known configuration and individual controller statistics on a host terminal.
Use of message utilities are made for error reporting and system information messages.
3.1.1 VMS Host Introduction
A detailed description of VMS host software is given in Appendix 3.
The host software is designed to provide user access to Ethernet Crate Controller (ECC 1365)
modules on an Ethernet local area network. It runs under VMS (VMS is a trademark of Digital
Equipment Corporation). It supports multiple users on a single host system accessing multiple ECC
modules. Multiple host systems on the Ethernet are similarly supported.
CAMAC
I/F
H/W
Application Program
Driver Software
Host
Ethernet Cable
OperatingSystem
Ethernet
Crate
Controller
Module

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page17
The software is divided into two distinct parts; that which runs as part of a user’s process and that
which runs in the system, see Figure 3. The former is available to the user as a set of callable
subroutines or a set of functions and these are provided in a library. The system software acts as the
focus for users’ access to ECC 1365 modules on the Ethernet.
Figure 3VMS Host Processes
3.1.2 Unix Host Introduction
The UNIX host software was originally written for the SUN Microsystems SUNOS Operating System.
This is SUN’s own version of UNIX, closely aligned to AT&T’s System V. The protocols employed are
the User Datagram Protocols and the Internet Protocols UDP/IP and are part of the TCP/IP Protocol
suite.
Itisthe UDP socket interface and the system calls for access and allocation of shared memory that
are likely to have shades of difference between flavours of UNIX. Hytec will normally undertake to give
the support necessary to get the UNIX Host Software operational on other UNIX versions.
A system process is provided, similar to the VAX/VMS option, with a user process interface using
shared memory. The organization is similar to that shown in Figure 3.
3.1.3 User-based Software
A user process is able to communicatevia the ESONE/DOE CAMAC subroutines (which do not return
until the specified operation is complete) or via a set of extended subroutines (which return
immediately). The latter require a user to call to a generalized wait routine, to receive the command
completion status when it is available. The routines also exist as a set of function calls.
Ethernet
Global
Section &
Event
Flags
DMA
User Process 1
ECC/ESONE
Subroutines
User Process 2
ECC/ESONE
Subroutines
DATABASE
Crate tables
LAM booking
Tablesetc
VAX/VMS
Ethernet
Device
Driver
I/F
Hardware
QIO
ECC 1365
Process
(Detached)

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page18
The subroutines make use of the CTSTAT subroutine to provide status information to the user-based
software. The CAMAC functions return status directly to the user based software, making the call to
CTSTAT redundant.
An additional set of routines is provided to allow the user to access the full functionality of the ECC
1365.
All routine calls cause a parameter block to be built, based on the parameters passed as arguments,
together with an internal identification code which uniquely identifies which routine has been called.
First–order error checking is carried out at this stage and errors are available when control passes
back to the user-level software.
The extended ESONE/DOE CAMAC routines have, as additional arguments, a variable identifying a
local event flag (set on completion) and the address of an I/0 status block that contains, on completion,
the final status of the command.
Adescriptionof the EOSNE/DOESubroutines is given in a separate document –see ref. 13.
3.2 Firmware Overview
The standard firmware supplied with the ECC 1365 MK 4 is loaded into 4 on-board EPROMs.
The firmware supports both the Logical Link Control transport protocols recommended for use with
VMShost-based configurations and the User Datagram Protocols (UDP)/Internet Protocols (IP)
intended for use with UNIX host-based configurations.
Both versions support the same controller functionality for;
The command structure
Booking
Queuing
Interrupts.
The ECC 1365 and its associated software are designed to be used in a system with a configuration
typically as illustrated in Figure 4.
Commands and data are passed across the Ethernet from the host system to the ECC 1365, using
LogicalLink Control procedures (LLC1) & (LLC3) or UDP protocols. Responses and data are received
by the host from the Ethernet, using these protocols. The UDP protocols encapsulate the LLC
protocols so that a UDP / IP host must also prepare the LLC protocol packets.
Each ECC 1365 can be controlled by more than one host; a CAMAC module-booking scheme is used
by the ECC, to prevent more than one host attempting to control the same CAMAC module at any one
time. This can be disabled by setting the module “promiscuous” bitin thecontroller-booking table.
Each host can control CAMAC modules in more than one ECC 1365. A multi-host / multi-ECC
configuration is illustrated in Figure 5.

ECC 1365 MK4 Technical Handbook
Hytec Electronics Ltd-Page19
Figure4A simple System Configuration
Figure 5A multi host, multi-ECC system configuration
S
Host
System
E
C
C
CAMAC
Crate
S
Ethernet cable
S
Switch
Ethernet hub
Host
System
E
C
C
CAMAC
Crate
S S
Ethernet cable
S
Switch
Ethernet hub
E
C
C
CAMAC
Crate
Host
System
E
C
C
CAMAC
Crate

Technical Handbook ECC 1365 MK4
Hytec Electronics Ltd–Page20
If a host has a multi-task operating system, each task within that host can control more than one ECC
1365, with each task acting independently.
The commands and data passed across the Ethernet are encoded in a format that allows efficient and
flexible control of the ECC 1365. The standard ESONE / DOE subroutines are available in the host
and later sections describe both the coding scheme andthe ESONE / DOE subroutine mappings. The
coding scheme permits a more flexible control of the ECC than allowed by the ESONE / DOE
subroutines.
One of the extensions available in this release of the software allows the host software to continue
operation whilst an ECC 1365 action is in progress (asynchronous calls).
A common time is maintained across the components of the system (as described in5,NETWORK
TIME, Page36, Network Time). The host can request timestamps to be appended whilst an ECC 1365
request proceeds through the system.
A security feature is implemented which allows a system administrator to define which hosts can
access the ECC 1365. Hosts can be denied access to the whole crate or to individual stations within
the crate. Similarly, access to security table updating, issuing CAMAC Z, C and I or access to
downloading new operation routines or commands can be controlled. When no data exists in the
battery-backed RAM security table or the internal switch disabling security is ON, the whole controller
is completely open. Note, module and LAM booking is still operational when the controller is OPEN.
For multi-tasking host environment an option exists to either enable or disable PID booking. PID
booking enables booking of CAMAC stations and / or LAMs down to the individual process identifiers
(PIDs) in the host system. If PID booking is off then the booking is to be the host ID only.
The automatic booking of stations when they are accessed for the first time is known as auto booking.
Thisfeaturecanbeenabledordisabled.