ICP Interactive UNIX Guide

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After having explained the installation of the GDT Host Drive in chapters B and C as well as
that of the Host Drives, we would now like to give you a few hints regarding the installation
of the operating systems
Interactive UNIX V/386 3.2v3 and 3.2v4.
For successful installation, it is essential to read the Interactive system manuals thor-
oughly. Besides the Interactive UNIX disks and documentation, the following GDT disks are
needed (they may be downloaded from our BBS or Website):
GDT Interactive UNIX 3.2v3&4 for sysadm
GDT Interactive UNIX 3.2v4 - for boot installation
(only for Interactive UNIX 3.2v4 and the boot installation)
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The structure of the Host Drives, which have been installed with GDTSETUP (in chapter C),
is not known to UNIX. I.e., the operating system does not recognize that a given Host Drive
consists of a number of hard disks forming a disk array. To UNIX, this Host Drive simply ap-
pears as one single SCSI hard disk with the capacity of the disk array. This complete trans-
parency represents the easiest way to operate disk arrays under UNIX; neither UNIX nor the
PCI computer need to be involved in the administration of these complex disk array con-
figurations.
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Install the driver software with the help of sysadm, using the menu options Software, Install a
package. (The driver software for Interactive UNIX is on the GDT Interactive UNIX floppy
disk.). Now specify the drive containing the driver disk and select the floppy disk type
(720KB) (reading the floppy disk can take some time). During installation, a GDT driver cor-
responding to the IRQ used by the ICP Controller has to be selected. As discussed in chap-
ter B of this user’s manual, the PCI System BIOS automatically assigns an IRQ to a PCI INT.
The IRQ used by a ICP Controller is displayed by the GDT BIOS after a cold boot.
After having successfully completed the installation of the GDT driver, you may introduce
another GDT Host Drive into the system by using kconfig and its menu options Configure,
HPDD, Reconfigure HPDD. In the next menu you enter the connected SCSI devices (type of
device, SCSI-ID and LUN). After this, link a new kernel in kconfig by using Build, Build a kernel,
then install with Install. At the next system reboot, the GDT displays a screen listing all its
connected devices. Connected tapes are instantly ready for use, they can be accessed im-
mediately with programs such as mt for rewinding, deletion etc. Host Drives have to be pre-
pared with sysadm first, using the options Disk, Fixed Disk Management, Add a Fixed Disk to the
system (Partition Disk and Create UNIX Partitions), and mount to connect the file systems.
Please note that the hard disks must have been prepared (initialized) before with
GDTSETUP (the DOS configuration-program on the System Disk - DOS), and the Host
Drives must have been defined.

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First initialize a hard disk connected to the ICP Controller (using GDTSETUP under DOS),
and install it as a Host Drive (see chapters C and I "Configure Host Drives"). The Host Drive
on which you wish to install the Interactive UNIX system must be assigned number 0
(GDTSETUP menu option Configure Host Drives). Now you can start the installation procedure.
During installation, a GDT driver corresponding to the IRQ used by the ICP Controller has to
be selected. As discussed in chapter B of this user’s manual, the PCI System BIOS automati-
cally assigns an IRQ to a PCI INT. The IRQ used by a ICP Controller is displayed by the GDT
BIOS after a cold boot. After having successfully installed the basic Interactive system, use
InstallPkg to install the software package OS File Management, kernel Configuration, and after-
wards the GDT driver software. After having installed other desired software, choose the
menu option kconfig to configure the ICP Controller as boot controller and to enter any other
device connected to it. Then, a new kernel must be linked and installed (see above). After
Exit and a system reboot, you can partition and mount Host Drives with sysadm (see above).
You can integrate the GDT driver into the kernel of the copy of the boot disks in two differ-
ent ways:
a) There is already a bootable system on another computer
In this case, the easiest method is to install the driver software for the ICP Controller on this
system and to link a kernel containing the ICP Controller as boot controller (see above).
Then copy this kernel to the Interactive boot disk copy. This can be easily done since this
floppy disk contains a mountable file system. You can then start the installation with this
boot disk. Make sure that the controller's IRQ is set according to the entry in kconfig.
b) There is no bootable system available.
For Interactive UNIX 3.2v4, only.
When using this UNIX version, you have to use the GDT Interactive disk called GDT Interac-
tive UNIX 3.2v4 - for boot installation. The installation is carried out according to the Inter-
active UNIX 3.2v4 documentation.
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Target-IDs 0 and 1 with LUN 0 to 7 are reserved for "Direct Access Devices" (devices be-
having like a hard disk or a removable hard disk and therefore configurable with GDT-
SETUP). There is a fixed correlation between the Host Drive number in GDTSETUP (menu
"Configure Host Drives") and the target-ID and LUN. When a host-drive has been installed
with GDTSETUP, it has to be communicated to the UNIX system (in kconfig) by assigning a
target-ID and LUN which are determined with the following formula:
Host-Drive Number = 8 * Target-ID + LUN
The host-drive number is the number the drive has in the list of available host-drives in the
GDTSETUP program. The following exemplary screen shows a list of host-drives in which
only one host-drive is installed.

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For this reason, this host-drive has target-ID 0 and LUN 0. The formula for determining tar-
get ID and LUN from the existing host-drive numbers yields the following possible combi-
nations for "Direct Access Devices":
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000810
101911
2021012
3031113
4041214
5051315
6061416
7071517
This conversion is necessary because the single SCSI devices are not declared to the host
operating system in the order of their SCSI-IDs, but according to the host-drive numbers of
GDTSETUP. The ICP Controller needs host-drives in order to be able to link several SCSI
devices to form a higher structure (i.e., RAID 5). The sequence of the single host-drives can
be changed very easily by having GDTSETUP sort them in its "Configure Host Drives" menu.
In this way, it is also possible to change the boot drive (it had previously been selected as
boot drive because it has the lowest drive number, that is, 0, and is therefore the first drive
to be communicated to the system ). There is one restriction that has to be observed with
Interactive UNIX: Even though gaps are allowed when numbering the host-drives, if there
are several Host Drives, a certain number for a device having a LUN greater than 0 may only
be selected if this number already exists for another device with LUN 0. In other words, a
certain number can only be assigned to a LUN >0 position if the LUN 0 position has also
been assigned.

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Example: If a host-drive no. 13 exists (target-ID=1, LUN=5), there also has to be a host-drive
with number 8 (target-ID=1, LUN=0). Please keep this in mind when assigning the numbers
in GDTSETUP. Target ID and LUN of "Not Direct Access Devices" (devices such as stream-
ers, tapes, CD-ROMS, etc., not configurable with GDTSETUP) must be determined on the
basis of the SCSI-ID and the SCSI channel used by the ICP Controller. These devices can
only be configured with SCSI-IDs 2 to 6. SCSI-ID 0 and 1 are reserved for hard disks, SCSI-ID
7 for the ICP Controller. If "Not Direct Access Devices" are configured on SCSI-ID 0 or 1, they
are not recognized during the scanning process and can therefore not be used. The Target
IDs of Not Direct Access Devices are identical to their SCSI-IDs, the LUN depends on the SCSI
channel used (LUN 0 for SCSI channel A and LUN 4 for SCSI channel B). Note: After a cold
boot, the GDT BIOS displays all connected devices with their physical coordinates, i.e., their
SCSI-ID and SCSI-LUN, (see "Chapter B, ICP Controller Function Check").
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Having to determine the Target ID and LUN in such a complicated manner might seem
rather awkward. However, it is necessary to do so because the ICP Controllers have more
than one SCSI channel, whereas UNIX can only manage host adapters with one SCSI chan-
nel. Therefore, the GDT UNIX driver has to make the appropriate transformations.
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In the PCI computer are two ICP Controllers (HA 0 = 1st GDT, HA 1 = 2nd GDT), each having
two SCSI channels.
1 hard disk as Host Drive no. 0 on HA0
1 hard disk as Host Drive no. 0 on HA1
1 hard disk as Host Drive no. 1 on HA1
1 Streamer SCSI-ID 2, LUN 0 on SCSI channel A of HA0
1 CD-ROM SCSI-ID 3, LUN 0 on SCSI channel A of HA0
1 DAT SCSI-ID 2, LUN 0 on SCSI channel B of HA1
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HA Target-ID LUN Device
0001
st hard disk, Host Drive no. 0 (boot- and
installation drive)
0 2 0 Streamer
0 3 0 CD-ROM
1 0 0 hard disk, Host Drive no. 0
1 0 1 hard disk, Host Drive no. 1
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During the installation of the GDT driver, additional tools are copied into the /etc di-
rectory. Before you can use them you have to create a special device file named
/dev/rgdth by means of "link"; this device file has to be placed on a device of a GDT
Host Drive.
For example, on ICP Controller 0 we have the Host Drive 1 which is HA 0, Target-ID 0,
LUN 1 under Interactive Unix. The corresponding special device file is
/dev/rdsk/c0t0dl1s0 (c0 = HA, t0 = Target-ID 0, d0 = LUN 0, s0 = Unix partition).
By means of "ln /dev/rdsk/c0t0d1s0 /dev/rgdth", the required special device file is
generated.
A media change can be made with UNIX commands MOUNT and UNMOUNT. Please
make sure that the removable hard disk keeps its GDTSETUP drive number when
changing the media, otherwise a separate ID/LUN entry is necessary for each single
media (since the drive number depends on the media and not the device containing
it).
If you change the hardware configuration of your PCI computer system, it may happen
that the GDT is assigned to a different IRQ, as it was assigned during the installation
and operation of UNIX. In this case you need to run the installation again with a GDT
driver for the new IRQ, or change the hardware configuration so that the old IRQ is
available for the GDT again.
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