ITT GOULDS PUMPS 3996 Manual

Installation, Operation and
Maintenance Instructions
3996

Table of Contents
1 Introduction and Safety ....................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.1.1 Requesting other information ..........................................................................................................3
1.2 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................3
1.2.1 Safety terminology and symbols ..................................................................................................... 4
1.2.2 Environmental safety.......................................................................................................................5
1.2.3 User safety ......................................................................................................................................5
1.2.4 Ex-approved products .....................................................................................................................7
1.3 Product warranty .......................................................................................................................................8
1.4 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use..................................................................................................9
2 General Information ....................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................. 11
2.1.1 Importance of Instructions............................................................................................................. 11
2.1.2 Receiving Inspection ..................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.3 Preservation and Storage ............................................................................................................. 11
2.1.4 Handling Techniques.....................................................................................................................12
2.2 Receiving the Pump ................................................................................................................................12
2.2.1 Storage Requirements .................................................................................................................. 12
2.2.2 Handling ........................................................................................................................................12
2.3 Nameplate Information ............................................................................................................................ 14
3 Installation.......................................................................................................................................................16
3.1 Site/Foundation .......................................................................................................................................16
3.1.1 Location.........................................................................................................................................16
3.1.2 Foundation and Baseplate ............................................................................................................ 16
3.2 Piping ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.1 Suction Piping ............................................................................................................................... 17
3.3 Discharge Piping .....................................................................................................................................18
3.3.1 Bypass Piping ...............................................................................................................................18
3.3.2 Auxiliary Piping..............................................................................................................................18
3.3.3 Final piping check .........................................................................................................................18
3.4 Alignment ................................................................................................................................................ 18
3.4.1 Shaft Alignment.............................................................................................................................19
3.5 3996 Shaft Alignment Procedure ............................................................................................................ 19
4 Operation.........................................................................................................................................................21
4.1 Preparation for Startup ............................................................................................................................ 21
4.1.1 Checklist........................................................................................................................................21
4.2 Start-Up Precautions ............................................................................................................................... 26
4.3 Starting Pump.......................................................................................................................................... 26
4.4 Operation................................................................................................................................................. 27
4.4.1 General Considerations ................................................................................................................27
4.5 Operating at Reduced Capacity ..............................................................................................................27
4.6 Operating Under Freezing Conditions.....................................................................................................28
4.7 Shutdown ................................................................................................................................................ 28
4.8 Final Alignment........................................................................................................................................ 28
Table of Contents
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 1

5 Preventive Maintenance .................................................................................................................................29
5.1 General Comments .................................................................................................................................29
5.2 Maintenance Schedule............................................................................................................................29
5.2.1 Routine Maintenance .................................................................................................................... 29
5.2.2 Routine Inspections.......................................................................................................................29
5.2.3 3 Month Inspections ......................................................................................................................29
5.2.4 Annual Inspections........................................................................................................................ 29
5.2.5 Inspection Intervals ....................................................................................................................... 30
5.3 Lubrication...............................................................................................................................................30
5.4 Maintenance of Bearings......................................................................................................................... 30
5.5 Grease Lubricated Bearings.................................................................................................................... 30
5.6 Pure Oil Mist Lubricated Bearings (Optional) .......................................................................................... 32
5.7 Stuffing Box ............................................................................................................................................. 33
5.7.1 Packed Stuffing Box...................................................................................................................... 33
5.8 Maintenance of Shaft Seals .................................................................................................................... 33
5.9 Mechanical Seals ....................................................................................................................................33
5.10 Packed Stuffing Box .............................................................................................................................. 33
5.11 Dynamic Seal ........................................................................................................................................34
5.12 Impeller Clearance Setting .................................................................................................................... 35
5.13 Dial Indicator Method ............................................................................................................................ 35
5.14 Feeler Gauge Method ........................................................................................................................... 36
5.15 Vibration ................................................................................................................................................37
6 Disassembly and Reassembly ....................................................................................................................... 38
6.1 Required Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 38
6.2 Disassembly ............................................................................................................................................ 38
6.3 Inspection and Replacement...................................................................................................................39
6.4 Reassembly............................................................................................................................................. 40
6.5 Additional Details..................................................................................................................................... 42
6.5.1 Positioning of Mechanical Seals ...................................................................................................42
6.6 Engineering Data Construction Details ................................................................................................... 43
6.7 Pump End................................................................................................................................................ 43
6.8 Sectional view ......................................................................................................................................... 44
6.9 Spare and Repair Parts...........................................................................................................................45
6.10 Dynamic Seal / Self Draining Covers Options Sectional Views ............................................................ 46
6.11 Bearing Options - Sectional View ..........................................................................................................48
7 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................................. 50
7.1 Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................................... 50
7.1.1 Causes and Corrective Measures................................................................................................. 50
Table of Contents
2 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

1 Introduction and Safety
1.1 Introduction
Purpose of this manual
The purpose of this manual is to provide necessary information for:
•Installation
• Operation
• Maintenance
CAUTION:
Failure to observe the instructions contained in this manual could result in personal injury
and/or property damage, and may void the warranty. Read this manual carefully before instal-
ling and using the product.
NOTICE:
Save this manual for future reference and keep it readily available.
1.1.1 Requesting other information
Special versions can be supplied with supplementary instruction leaflets. See the sales contract for any
modifications or special version characteristics. For instructions, situations, or events that are not consid-
ered in this manual or in the sales documents, please contact the nearest ITT representative.
Always specify the exact product type and identification code when requesting technical information or
spare parts.
1.2 Safety
WARNING:
•Risk of serious personal injury. Applying heat to impellers, propellers, or their retaining
devices can cause trapped liquid to rapidly expand and result in a violent explosion. This
manual clearly identifies accepted methods for disassembling units. These methods must
be adhered to. Never apply heat to aid in their removal unless explicitly stated in this
manual.
• The operator must be aware of the pumpage and take appropriate safety precautions to
prevent physical injury.
• Risk of serious injury or death. If any pressure-containing device is over-pressurized, it
can explode, rupture, or discharge its contents. It is critical to take all necessary meas-
ures to avoid over-pressurization.
• Risk of death, serious personal injury, and property damage. Installing, operating, or
maintaining the unit using any method not prescribed in this manual is prohibited. Prohib-
ited methods include any modification to the equipment or use of parts not provided by
ITT. If there is any uncertainty regarding the appropriate use of the equipment, please
contact an ITT representative before proceeding.
1 Introduction and Safety
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 3

• If the pump or motor is damaged or leaking, electric shock, fire, explosion, liberation of
toxic fumes, physical harm, or environmental damage may result. Do not operate the unit
until the problem has been corrected or repaired.
• Risk of serious personal injury or property damage. Dry running may cause rotating parts
within the pump to seize to non-moving parts. Do not run dry.
• Risk of death, serious personal injury, and property damage. Heat and pressure buildup
can cause explosion, rupture, and discharge of pumpage. Never operate the pump with
suction and/or discharge valves closed.
• Running a pump without safety devices exposes operators to risk of serious personal in-
jury or death. Never operate a unit unless appropriate safety devices (guards, etc.) are
properly installed. See specific information about safety devices in other sections of this
manual.
CAUTION:
•Risk of injury and/or property damage. Operating a pump in an inappropriate application
can cause over pressurization, overheating, and/or unstable operation. Do not change the
service application without the approval of an authorized ITT representative.
1.2.1 Safety terminology and symbols
About safety messages
It is extremely important that you read, understand, and follow the safety messages and regulations
carefully before handling the product. They are published to help prevent these hazards:
•Personal accidents and health problems
• Damage to the product
• Product malfunction
Hazard levels
Hazard level Indication
DANGER:
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or seri-
ous injury
WARNING:
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury
CAUTION:
A hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury
NOTICE:
• A potential situation which, if not avoided, could result in unde-
sirable conditions
•A practice not related to personal injury
Hazard categories
Hazard categories can either fall under hazard levels or let specific symbols replace the ordinary hazard
level symbols.
Electrical hazards are indicated by the following specific symbol:
1.2 Safety
4 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

ELECTRICAL HAZARD:
These are examples of other categories that can occur. They fall under the ordinary hazard levels and
may use complementing symbols:
•Crush hazard
• Cutting hazard
• Arc flash hazard
1.2.1.1 The Ex symbol
The Ex symbol indicates safety regulations for Ex-approved products when used in atmospheres that are
potentially explosive or flammable.
1.2.2 Environmental safety
The work area
Always keep the station clean to avoid and/or discover emissions.
Waste and emissions regulations
Observe these safety regulations regarding waste and emissions:
• Appropriately dispose of all waste.
• Handle and dispose of the processed liquid in compliance with applicable environmental regula-
tions.
• Clean up all spills in accordance with safety and environmental procedures.
• Report all environmental emissions to the appropriate authorities.
WARNING:
If the product has been contaminated in any way, such as from toxic chemicals or nuclear radi-
ation, do NOT send the product to ITT until it has been properly decontaminated and advise
ITT of these conditions before returning.
Electrical installation
For electrical installation recycling requirements, consult your local electric utility.
1.2.2.1 Recycling guidelines
Always follow local laws and regulations regarding recycling.
1.2.3 User safety
General safety rules
These safety rules apply:
1.2 Safety
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 5

• Always keep the work area clean.
• Pay attention to the risks presented by gas and vapors in the work area.
• Avoid all electrical dangers. Pay attention to the risks of electric shock or arc flash hazards.
• Always bear in mind the risk of drowning, electrical accidents, and burn injuries.
Safety equipment
Use safety equipment according to the company regulations. Use this safety equipment within the work
area:
• Helmet
• Safety goggles, preferably with side shields
• Protective shoes
• Protective gloves
• Gas mask
• Hearing protection
• First-aid kit
• Safety devices
Electrical connections
Electrical connections must be made by certified electricians in compliance with all international, nation-
al, state, and local regulations. For more information about requirements, see sections dealing specifical-
ly with electrical connections.
1.2.3.1 Precautions before work
Observe these safety precautions before you work with the product or are in connection with the product:
• Provide a suitable barrier around the work area, for example, a guard rail.
• Make sure that all safety guards are in place and secure.
• Make sure that you have a clear path of retreat.
• Make sure that the product cannot roll or fall over and injure people or damage property.
• Make sure that the lifting equipment is in good condition.
• Use a lifting harness, a safety line, and a breathing device as required.
• Allow all system and pump components to cool before you handle them.
• Make sure that the product has been thoroughly cleaned.
• Disconnect and lock out power before you service the pump.
• Check the explosion risk before you weld or use electric hand tools.
1.2.3.2 Precautions during work
Observe these safety precautions when you work with the product or are in connection with the product:
CAUTION:
Failure to observe the instructions contained in this manual could result in personal injury
and/or property damage, and may void the warranty. Read this manual carefully before instal-
ling and using the product.
• Never work alone.
•Always wear protective clothing and hand protection.
• Stay clear of suspended loads.
1.2 Safety
6 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

• Always lift the product by its lifting device.
• Beware of the risk of a sudden start if the product is used with an automatic level control.
• Beware of the starting jerk, which can be powerful.
• Rinse the components in water after you disassemble the pump.
• Do not exceed the maximum working pressure of the pump.
• Do not open any vent or drain valve or remove any plugs while the system is pressurized. Make
sure that the pump is isolated from the system and that pressure is relieved before you disassem-
ble the pump, remove plugs, or disconnect piping.
• Never operate a pump without a properly installed coupling guard.
1.2.3.3 Hazardous liquids
The product is designed for use in liquids that can be hazardous to your health. Observe these rules
when you work with the product:
• Make sure that all personnel who work with biologically hazardous liquids are vaccinated against
diseases to which they may be exposed.
• Observe strict personal cleanliness.
• A small amount of liquid will be present in certain areas like the seal chamber.
1.2.3.4 Wash the skin and eyes
1. Follow these procedures for chemicals or hazardous fluids that have come into contact with your
eyes or your skin:
Condition Action
Chemicals or hazardous fluids
in eyes
1. Hold your eyelids apart forcibly with your fingers.
2. Rinse the eyes with eyewash or running water for at least 15 minutes.
3. Seek medical attention.
Chemicals or hazardous fluids
on skin
1. Remove contaminated clothing.
2. Wash the skin with soap and water for at least 1 minute.
3. Seek medical attention, if necessary.
1.2.4 Ex-approved products
Follow these special handling instructions if you have an Ex-approved unit.
The coupling guard used in an ATEX classified environment must be properly certified and
must be constructed from a spark resistant material.
Personnel requirements
These are the personnel requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially explosive atmospheres:
•All work on the product must be carried out by certified electricians and ITT-authorized mechanics.
Special rules apply to installations in explosive atmospheres.
• All users must know about the risks of electric current and the chemical and physical characteristics
of the gas, the vapor, or both present in hazardous areas.
1.2 Safety
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 7

• Any maintenance for Ex-approved products must conform to international and national standards.
ITT disclaims all responsibility for work done by untrained and unauthorized personnel.
Product and product handling requirements
These are the product and product handling requirements for Ex-approved products in potentially explo-
sive atmospheres:
• Only use the product in accordance with the approved motor data.
• The Ex-approved product must never run dry during normal operation. Dry running during service
and inspection is only permitted outside the classified area.
• Before you start work on the product, make sure that the product and the control panel are isolated
from the power supply and the control circuit, so they cannot be energized.
• Do not open the product while it is energized or in an explosive gas atmosphere.
• Make sure that thermal contacts are connected to a protection circuit according to the approval
classification of the product, and that they are in use.
• Intrinsically safe circuits are normally required for the automatic level-control system by the level
regulator if mounted in zone 0.
• The yield stress of fasteners must be in accordance with the approval drawing and the product
specification.
• Do not modify the equipment without approval from an authorized ITT representative.
• Only use parts that are provided by an authorized ITT representative.
1.3 Product warranty
Coverage
ITT undertakes to remedy faults in products from ITT under these conditions:
• The faults are due to defects in design, materials, or workmanship.
• The faults are reported to an ITT representative within the warranty period.
• The product is used only under the conditions described in this manual.
• The monitoring equipment incorporated in the product is correctly connected and in use.
• All service and repair work is done by ITT-authorized personnel.
• Genuine ITT parts are used.
• Only Ex-approved spare parts and accessories authorized by ITT are used in Ex-approved prod-
ucts.
Limitations
The warranty does not cover faults caused by these situations:
• Deficient maintenance
• Improper installation
• Modifications or changes to the product and installation made without consulting ITT
• Incorrectly executed repair work
• Normal wear and tear
ITT assumes no liability for these situations:
• Bodily injuries
• Material damages
• Economic losses
1.3 Product warranty
8 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Warranty claim
ITT products are high-quality products with expected reliable operation and long life. However, should
the need arise for a warranty claim, then contact your ITT representative.
1.4 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
Special care must be taken in potentially explosive environments to ensure that the equipment is proper-
ly maintained. This includes but is not limited to:
1. Monitoring the pump frame and liquid end temperature.
2. Maintaining proper bearing lubrication.
3. Ensuring that the pump is operated in the intended hydraulic range.
The ATEX conformance is only applicable when the pump unit is operated within its intended use. Oper-
ating, installing or maintaining the pump unit in any way that is not covered in the Instruction, Operation,
and Maintenance manual (IOM) can cause serious personal injury or damage to the equipment. This in-
cludes any modification to the equipment or use of parts not provided by ITT Goulds Pumps. If there is
any question regarding the intended use of the equipment, please contact an ITT Goulds representative
before proceeding.
Current IOMs are available at https://www.gouldspumps.com/en-US/Tools-and-Resources/Literature/
IOMs/ or from your local ITT Goulds Pumps Sales representative.
All pumping unit (pump, seal, coupling, motor and pump accessories) certified for use in an ATEX classi-
fied environment, are identified by an ATEX tag secured to the pump or the baseplate on which it is
mounted. A typical tag would look like this:
Figure 1: Typical ATEX pump nameplate
Table 1: Temperature class definitions
Code Maximum permissible surface tem-
perature in °C | °F
Maximum permissible liquid tempera-
ture in °C | °F
T1 440 | 824 372 | 700
T2 290 | 554 267 | 513
T3 195 | 383 172 | 342
T4 130 | 266 107 | 225
T5 Option not available Option not available
T6 Option not available Option not available
* Maximum liquid temperature may be limited by the pump model and order specific options. Table 1:
Temperature class definitions on page 9 is for the purpose of determining T'x' code for ATEX applications
with liquid temperatures exceeding 107ºC | 225ºF.
1.4 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 9

The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where
the equipment will be installed. If it is not, do not operate the equipment and contact your ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative before proceeding.
ISO 80079-37:2016 Section 5.7
Recommended bearing replacement interval (based on L10 life) = 17,520 hours of operation.
1.4 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
10 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

2 General Information
2.1 Introduction
This instruction manual is intended to assist those involved with the installation, operation, and mainte-
nance of Goulds Model 3996 pumps. It is recommended that this manual be thoroughly reviewed prior to
installing or performing any work on the pump or motor.
2.1.1 Importance of Instructions
The design, material and workmanship incorporated in the construction of Goulds pumps makes them
capable of giving long, trouble-free service. The life and satisfactory service of any mechanical unit, how-
ever, is enhanced and extended by correct application, proper installation, periodic inspection and careful
maintenance. This instruction manual was prepared to assist operators in understanding the construction
and correct methods of installing, operating and maintaining these pumps.
Study thoroughly the following sections and carefully follow the instructions for installation and operation.
Keep this instruction manual handy for reference. Further information can be obtained by contacting the
Engineering Application Division, Goulds Pumps, Inc., Seneca Falls, New York 13148, or your local
branch office.
NOTICE:
Goulds Pumps will not be liable for any damages or delay caused by failure to comply with the
provisions of this instruction manual. This pump is not to be operated at speeds, working pres-
sures, discharge pressures or temperatures higher than, nor used with liquids other than stated
in the original order acknowledgement without written permission of Goulds Pumps.
2.1.2 Receiving Inspection
Care should be taken when unloading pumps. If shipment is not delivered in good order and in accord-
ance with the Bill-of-Lading, note the damage or shortage on both receipt and freight bill. Make any
claims to the transportation company promptly.
Instruction sheets on various components as well as the Installation, Operation and Maintenance (IOM)
Manual for the pump are included in the shipment. Do not discard!
2.1.3 Preservation and Storage
Goulds' normal domestic storage preparation is suitable for protecting the pump during shipment in cov-
ered trucks. It also provides protection during covered storage at the jobsite, and for a short period be-
tween installation and start-up.
If the pump is to be idle and exposed to the elements for an extended period, either before or after instal-
lation, special precautions are required. One approach is to provide special preservatives and wrapping
before shipment. However, after installation, the protective wrappings will have been removed. There-
fore, application of preservatives after installation is considered a good practice. Information about vari-
ous long-term preservation and storage options available can be obtained from your local Goulds repre-
sentative.
The driver, coupling, and mechanical seal manufacturers should be contacted for their recommendations
on preservations and protection procedures.
2 General Information
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 11

2.1.4 Handling Techniques
Care should be used in moving pumps. Where required by size of units, slings should be put under both
pump and motor, as shown in 2.2.2 Handling on page 12.
2.2 Receiving the Pump
Inspect the pump as soon as it is received. Carefully check that everything is in good order. Make notes
of damaged or missing items on the receipt and freight bill. File any claims with the transportation com-
pany as soon as possible.
2.2.1 Storage Requirements
Short Term (Less than 6 months)
Goulds normal packaging procedure is designed to protect pump during shipping. Upon receipt, store in
a covered and dry location.
Long Term (More than 6 months)
Preservative treatment of bearings and machined surfaces will be required. Rotate shaft several times
every 3 months. Refer to driver and coupling manufacturers for their long term storage procedures. Store
in a covered and dry location.
NOTICE:
Long term storage treatment may be purchased with initial pump order.
Units with drivers mounted are moved with slings under the pump casing and driver.
2.2.2 Handling
WARNING:
Pump and components are heavy. Failure to properly lift and support equipment could result in
serious physical injury, or damage to pumps.
Use care when moving pumps. Lifting equipment must be able to adequately support the entire assem-
bly. Hoist bare pump using suitable hooks through the holes in the frame mounted support or suitable
slings through the large openings in the casing mounted support.
2.2 Receiving the Pump
12 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Figure 2: Casing Mounted Support
Units with drivers mounted are moved with slings under the pump casing and driver.
Figure 3: Sling under Pump Casing
2.2 Receiving the Pump
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 13

Figure 4: Sling under Driver
Or with hooks through the holes in the frame mounted support or with slings through the large openings
in the casing mounted support.
WARNING:
Units with drivers mounted can be top heavy. Driver weight could cause the assembled unit to
overturn and could result in serious physical injury, or damage to pumps.
2.3 Nameplate Information
Every pump has two Goulds nameplates that provide information about the pump. The tags are located
on the casing and bearing frame.
When ordering spare parts, you will need to identify pump model, size, serial number, and the item num-
ber of required parts. Information can be taken from the pump casing tag. Item numbers can be found in
this manual.
2.3 Nameplate Information
14 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Description Example
Pump Casing Tag - provides information about the
pump's hydraulic characteristics. Note the format of
the pump size: Discharge x Suction - Nominal maxi-
mum impeller diameter in inches.
(Example: 2x3-8)
Figure 5:
Figure 6:
Bearing Frame Tag - provides information on the lu-
brication system used
Figure 7:
ATEX Tag - if applicable, your pump unit may have
the following ATEX tag affixed to the pump and/or
baseplate. See the safety section for a description of
the symbols and codes
Figure 8:
2.3 Nameplate Information
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 15

3 Installation
WARNING:
When pumping unit is installed in a potentially explosive atmosphere, the instructions after the
Ex symbol must be followed. Personal injury and/or equipment damage may occur if these in-
structions are not followed. If there is any question regarding these requirements or if the
equipment is to be modified, please contact a Goulds representative before proceeding.
3.1 Site/Foundation
3.1.1 Location
Pumping unit should be placed as close as practical to the source of supply. Floor space and head room
allotted to the unit must be sufficient for inspection and maintenance. Be sure to allow for crane or hoist
service.
WARNING:
All equipment being installed must be properly grounded to prevent unexpected static electric
discharge.
3.1.2 Foundation and Baseplate
Model 3996 In-Line pumps are designed to be mounted directly in, and supported by the piping. No sup-
ports under the pump are required. Pipe supports should be located close to the pump and be designed
to support the weight of the complete unit (pump and motor).
3.2 Piping
Guidelines for piping are given in the "Hydraulic Institute Standards," available from:
Hydraulic Institute 30200 Detroit Road
Cleveland, OH 44145-1967
and must be reviewed prior to pump installation.
WARNING:
Never draw piping into place by forcing at the flanged connections of the pump. This may im-
pose dangerous strains on the unit and cause misalign- ment between pump and driver. Pipe
strain will adversely affect the operation of the pump resulting in physical injury and damage to
the equipment.
1. Piping runs should be as short as possible to minimize friction losses.
2. It is suggested that expansion loops be properly designed and installed in suction and/or discharge
lines when handling liquids at elevated temperatures, so thermal expansion of piping will not draw
pump out of alignment.
3. The piping should be arranged to allow pump flushing prior to removal of the unit on services han-
dling hazardous liquids.
4. Carefully clean all pipe parts, valves and fittings, and pump branches prior to assembly.
5. All piping must be supported independently of, and line up naturally with, the pump flanges. Table
below shows piping flange alignment criteria.
3 Installation
16 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Table 2: Piping Flange Alignment
Type Criteria
Axial Flange gasket thickness ± 0.8 mm | 0.03 in.
Parallel 0.001 mm/mm | 0.001 in./in. of flange diameter to a maximum of 0.8 mm | 0.03 in.
Concentric Flange bolts should easily install by hand.
6. Bottom of casing should be supported by a solid foundation or casing feet should be used.
3.2.1 Suction Piping
WARNING:
NPSHA must always exceed NPSHR as shown on Goulds performance curves received with
order. (Reference Hydraulic Institute for NPSH and pipe friction values needed to evaluate suc-
tion piping).
NOTICE:
Pump must never be throttled from suction side.
Properly designed and installed suction piping is a necessity for trouble-free pump operation. Suction
piping should be flushed BEFORE connection to the pump.
1. Use of elbows close to the pump suction flange should be avoided. There should be a minimum
of two (2) pipe diameters of straight pipe [five (5) pipe diameters is preferred] between the elbow
and suction inlet. Where used, elbows should be long radius.
2. Use suction pipe one (1) or two (2) sizes larger than the pump suction, with a reducer at the suc-
tion flange. Suction piping should never be of smaller diameter than the pump suction.
3. Reducers, if used, should be eccentric and located at the pump suction flange with sloping side
down.
4. A suction screen should be installed prior to initial start-up and when suction system has been
opened for work. The screen should be of the cone type with a net area equal to at least three (3)
times the cross sectional area of the suction pipe. The mesh of the screen should be sized to
prevent particles larger than 1.6 mm (1/16 in.) from entering the pump and should be installed in
a spool piece to allow removal for cleaning. The screen should remain in the system until periodic
inspection shows system is clean.
5. Separate suction lines are recommended when more than one pump is operating from the same
source of supply.
Suction Lift Conditions
1. Suction pipe must be free from air pockets.
2. Suction piping must slope upwards to pump.
3. All joints must be air tight.
4. A means of priming the pump must be provided.
Suction Head/Flooded Suction Conditions
1. An isolation valve should be installed in the suction line at least two (2) pipe diameters from the
pump suction to permit closing of the line for pump inspection and maintenance.
3.2 Piping
3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 17

2. Keep suction pipe free from air pockets.
3. Piping should be level or slope gradually downward from the source of supply.
4. No portion of the piping should extend below pump suction flange.
5. The size of entrance from supply should be one (1) or two (2) sizes larger than the suction pipe.
6. The suction pipe must be adequately submerged below the liquid surface to prevent vortices and
air entrainment at the supply.
3.3 Discharge Piping
Properly designed and installed discharge piping is a necessity for trouble-free pump operation. Dis-
charge piping should be flushed BEFORE connection to the pump.
1. Isolation and check valves should be installed in discharge line. Locate the check valve between
isolation valve and pump; this will permit inspection of the check valve. The isolation valve is re-
quired for priming, regulation of flow, and for inspection and maintenance of pump. The check valve
prevents pump or seal damage due to reverse flow through the pump when the driver is turned off.
2. Increasers, if used, should be placed between pump and check valves.
3. Cushioning devices should be used to protect the pump from surges and water hammer if quick-
closing valves are installed in system.
3.3.1 Bypass Piping
Systems that require operation at reduced flows for prolonged periods should be provided with a bypass
line connected from the discharge side (before any valves) to the source of suction.
A minimum flow orifice can be sized and installed in bypass line to preclude bypassing excessive flows.
Consult nearest sales office or factory for assistance in sizing orifice.
An automatic recirculation control valve and/or solenoid operated valve should be considered if a con-
stant bypass (i.e. orifice) is not possible.
3.3.2 Auxiliary Piping
Auxiliary piping may be required for seal chamber cover cooling, mechanical seal flush or other special
features supplied with the pump. Consult pump data sheet for specific auxiliary piping recommendations.
If seal chamber cover cooling is required, follow guidelines listed below.
1. Flows of 4 l/min. (1 GPM) will generally satisfy cooling requirements.
2. Cooling water pressure should not exceed 7.0 kg/cm2 (100 psig).
3.3.3 Final piping check
After connecting the piping to pump:
1. Rotate shaft several times by hand to be sure that there is no binding and all parts are free.
2. Check alignment, per alignment criteria outlined previously, to determine if pipe strain has affected
alignment. If pipe strain exists, correct piping.
3.4 Alignment
Alignment between pump and motor is built in by use of machined lock fit between the C-face motor and
motor support. No further alignment is normally required.
There is one exception to this. The Model 3196 horizontal ANSI pump bearing frame can be used in the
Model 3996. This frame may be used in emergencies or when it is desired to minimize inventory. The
3.3 Discharge Piping
18 3996 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions