Kaypro 10 User manual

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USER'S
GUDE

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© January 1984 Part Number 1409 E.O.81-176-18-F

COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK
© 1983 Kaypro Corporation. KAYPRO 10 is a registered trademark of Kaypro
Corporation.
DISCLAIMER Kaypro Corporation hereby disclaims any and all liability resulting
from the failure of other manufacturers' software to be operative within and
upon the KAYPRO
10 computer, due to Kaypro's inability to have tested each
entry
of software.
LIMITED WARRANTY Kaypro Corporation warrants each new instrument or
computer against defects in material or workmanship for a period of ninety days
from date
of delivery to the original customer. Fuses are excluded from this
warranty. This warranty is specifically limited to the replacement or repair of
any such defects, without charge, when the complete instrument is returned to
one of our authorized dealers or Kaypro Corporation, 533 Stevens Avenue,
Solana Beach, California 92075, transportation charges prepaid.
This express warranty excludes all other warranties, express or implied, in-
cluding, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability, and fitness for
purpose, and KAYPRO CORPORATION IS NOT LIABLE FOR A BREACH OF
WARRANTY IN AN AMOUNT EXCEEDING THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE
GOODS. KAYPRO CORPORATION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. No liability is assumed for damage due to
accident, abuse, lack of reasonable care, or loss of parts.
REDIRECTION Please first direct all queries and problems to your dealer.

CONTENTS
MEET KAYPRO 10!
Meet KAYPRO 10! .......... . ........................................ 1
Unpacking your KAYPRO
10 .... . .... .... ... . .. ...... .. ....... . .. . . .. . . 2
What you
will need .. . . ... . .. ... .. .. . . .... . .... . .. .. ..... .. ...... . . .. 3
SettingupyourKAYPR010 .. ........ ...... ... . .... .. .... . ............ 4
BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH YOUR COMPUTER
The cur sor and cursor keys ........................................... 10
Keys on the left of the keyboard . ...................................... 11
Keys on the right of the keyboard ....................... ' ............... 12
The keypad . . ....... . ............................................... 13
The big green screen ...................... . ............ . ............. 14
Memory ..... . .......... . .......... . ................................ 15
Storage of programs and information . . .... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. ...... .... .. . . 16
Care of diskettes ......... . ..... . .................................... 17
Naming files ... . . . .. ... .. . . .......... ....... ... .. .... .. ...... . ...... 21
The setup of the hard disk . . ... . ...................................... 22
Cold boot and warm boot .... . ... . .................................... 23
STARTING THE COMPUTER
Starting your KAYPRO 10 . . . . . ........................................ 25
Finding files on the hard disk . ....... .. . .... . .... . . . . . ... . .. . . . .. . ..... 28
Turning off your KAYPRO 10 .. ... . . ... . . . .............................. 30
USING UTILITY FILES
CP/M -the program which operates the KAYPRO 10 . . ................... 31
Copying files from one user area into another user area ................... 33
Erasing files . ... ... . ... .................................. . .......... 35
Formatting a diskette . .. . ............................................ 36
Copying files to diskettes ............................................. 37
Backing up your files . .... .... . . ..................................... 39
Copying diskettes to the hard disk .............. . ...................... 44

Checking a hard disk for bad sectors . ....... . . .......... ... .......... . . 45
Verifying a hard disk . . . .. .. ... .... ...... .. .. .................. . ...... 47
USING GRAPHICS ON THE KAYPRO 10
Using graphics on the KAYPRO 10 .. ........... ...... . ..... ... ...... .. . 51
Video graphics and attributes command set .......... . .... . ......... . ... 52
Drawing graphics ............... ... ........... . ..... . .... . .......... 52
Cursor positioning ..... . .............................. . .. . .......... 54
Graphics characters ...................................... . .......... 55
Character attributes commands ...... . .... ............ . . .. .. ....... ... 56
Summary of commands ......... .. . ........ . .. . ... . .. .. ......... .. ... 57
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Troubleshooting . . ........ . .... .. ..... . ...... . .......... . . . ......... 61
Maintenance . .. ... . ........................................ ... ..... 64
Connecting a printer .. .. . .. .. .... . . . ................. . ............... 65
Parallel printer ...................................................... 65
Serial printer ....................................... . .... . .......... 67
Kaypro serial printer port -RS232C ................... ..... ........... 68
Serial port assignments ......... . ............ ......... . ... ........... 69
Baud rate table ........................... . ... .. .... . .... .. ......... 69
1/0 port addresses ............................. ... ........ .. ......... 70
Schematic: Printer Port ............. . .................... ... ......... . 72
Schematic: Serial, Modem, and Keyboard Port ......... .... ..... . ........ 73
Rebuilding system tracks ............................................. 74
Memory map of the KAYPRO 10 computer ........ ... . ................... 75
Common control functions in CPIM programs ............................ 76
Video command protocol for KAYPRO 10 .... . ........... ...... . ....... .. 77
ASCII chart ....................... . .............. . .... . ............ . 79
Reconfiguring the keypad .................................... . ....... 80
Reconfiguring the arrow keys ........................... ... ... .. ..... . 80
Reconfiguring the keypad for WordStar ................ . .. .. . . .......... 80
Program to turn off the keyboard beeper . . ..... . ... .. ................... 81
Appendix A - How to use MUFBAR .. .......... . ... . ... ..... . . . . .. .. .. . 82
Appendix B - System status messages ... . . .... . ..... . ..... . .... ...... 94
Appendix C - Temperature adjustment for your KAYPRO 10 ...... . ... ..... 96
Glossary ....... .. .. . . . .. ... ....... . .. .. . . .............. .. . . ..... . . . 98

Meet KAYPRO 10!
We hope that you will enjoy many useful and
pleasurable years with your computer
whether at business or at home.
If you've never used a computer before, we'll in-
troduce you to the KAYPRO 10 with step -by-
step instructions to help you get started right
away .
If you're an old hand at computer operation, we
know you're eager to get started, but PLEASE
take a few minutes to read the instructions for
getting started with your KAYPRO 10. It will
save time and prevent problems.
Many of the terms used in this manual are ex-
plained in the glossary at the back.

UNPACKING YOUR KAYPRO 10
When unpacking your KAYPRO 10, be sure to save the packing materials in case
you
want to ship it some day. The box should also contain the following:
Manuals for the software
KAYPRO ownership documents
Coiled cable (found when the computer
is opened)
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)
WHAT YOU WILL NEED
BLANK DISKETTES
It is
advisable to have blank diskettes for backing up the files in which you store
information , such as: text files , mailing lists, and programs which you
write. The KAYPRO
10 uses 5 1f4 -inch single-sided or double-sided, double-
density , soft-sector floppy diskettes. If you value the information you'll be stor-
ing,
don't buy low - quality diskettes.
WORK SURFACE
You will want a work surface with leg room underneath.
POWER REQUIREMENTS
Power requirements for the KAYPRO 10 are 115 to 125 VAC, 50 to 60 Hertz at 60
watts (normal house current). The outlet should be grounded. Your dealer can
switch the power supply to 220 VAC if you want to take your computer overseas.
For
power requirements for peripherals such as a printer , consult the owner's
manual for the peripheral.
OPTIONAL LINE FILTER
If you have heavy
machinery operating from the same power source, or if you ex-
perience
frequent power shortages or surges, it may be advisable to use a line
filter. Even machines such as air conditioners, irons , and electric drills can
cause problems.
OPTIONAL BACKUP POWER SOURCE
To provide continuous power in case of a power outage, backup power sources
are available from various manufacturers. Contact your dealer about this.
3

SETTING UP YOUR KAYPRO 10
1. Set the KAYPRO 10 on the work surface where you want the keyboard to be,
because the keyboard is on the bottom. While it is in this position, look at
the rear panel to locate the controls, switches, and ports.
J6 PARALLEL
RESET BUTTON PRINTER
II1III1II
POWER SWITCH
INTERFACE
JACKS
J5 KEYBOARD
J4 SERIAL J3 MODEM
PRINTER I/O
RT
III1IIIIIIII
4
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BRIGHTNESS
CONTROL

2. Then, turn the KAYPRO 10 so the ventilated side faces away from your work
position.
3. Unwind the AC line power cord, but DO NOT PLUG IT IN YET.
4. Push down the tops of the latches on both sides of the KAYPRO; then pull
out the bottoms of the latches to detach them from the keyboard.
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5. Carefully lift the computer off the keyboard, and lay it on the working sur-
face with the large, ventilated surface down.
6. Place the keyboard where you can use it comfortably.
7. Raise the front of the computer , and pull down the metal stand.
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8. Plug one end of the coiled cable into the J5 keyboard jack on the back
panel of the computer. The protrusion on the plastic connector should be
up.
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) 9. Plug the other end of the cable into the jack on the back of the keyboard.
The protrusion
on the plastic connector should be down.
)
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10. Route the coiled cable under the computer.
11. Turn the latch at the front of the drive counterclockwise from horizontal
to vertical and remove the cardboard disk-drive protector from the disk
drive.
If you close the computer to carry it, reinsert this protector. A handy place
to keep the protector is tucked under the handle on the back of the com-
puter. If you ever ship your KAYPRO 10, be sure to place the protector in
the disk drive, or the drive warranty will be void.
12. Make sure the ON-OFF rocker-type switch on the back of the computer is
turned OFF (down).
13. Then
connect the computer to the power source.
Before you turn the computer ON, take the time to read the next section. It
contains information regarding memory, the CP/M operating system, the
screen, the curso r, and floppy diskettes .
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BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH YOUR COMPUTER
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THE CURSOR AND CURSOR KEYS
The cursor is a place marker to show where information can be entered. On the
KAYPRO 10, it is indicated by a flashing rectangle. The next character you type
will appear at this location.
When you are using certain programs, you can use the cursor keys (arrow keys)
to move the cursor freely in any direction on the screen:
UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT
You can use the CONFIG program to change the arrow keys to act as any
character or control key that you desire. Look in the index under, "arrow keys,
reconfig uri ng."
These keys will not function in this manner in CP/M.
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CTRL
KEYS ON THE LEFT OF THE KEYBOARD
SHIFT
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The ESCape key is used accord-
ing to instructions.
The TAB key moves the cursor
horizontally a set number of
spaces and inserts those
spaces, depending on the pro-
gram in use.
The CONTROL key is used simul-
taneously with letter keys to do
certain functions. Depress the
CTRL key; then, while it is de-
pressed, type the letter. Some-
times the control function will
di splay as a A character followed
by a second character.
The CAPS LOCK key
puts alpha-
betic characters in upper case.
Press
once to activate it (the red
light on the key goes on), and
press again
to deactivate it.
The SHIFT key is used
simultan-
eously with letter keys to put
alphabetic characters in upper
case. It also accesses the char-
acters on the upper part of keys
which have two characters , for
example @ and ?

KEYS ON THE RIGHT OF THE KEYBOARD
The BACKSPACE key moves the
cursor backward, sometimes
deleting the character over
which it moves, depending on
the program being used.
The DELETE key echoes the
previous character while
deleting it. You will see this
happen if you try to use the key
to correct command lines. It
has other functions, depending
on the program being used. For
instance , in word processing
programs, it simply deletes the
previous
character , much like a
self-correcting typewriter.
The RETURN key moves the cur-
sor down a line and returns the
cursor to the left of the
screen. It also tells the com-
puter to execute a command
and has various other uses.
<RET> and <CR> are computer
symbols to indicate that you
should press the return key.
The LINE FEED key moves the
cursor down one line with no
return
to the left.
RETURN
BACK
SPACE
a
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THE KEYPAD
To the right of the main keyboard are 14 keys in a numeric calculator-style
layout.
With the exception of a few control keys, such as CTRL, ESC, and RETURN, all
of the keys, including the cursor movement keys, will automatically repeat when
held down .
o
,
E
N
T
E
R
You can use the CONFIG program to change the keys on the keypad to act as
any character or control key
that you desire. WSKPCONF will allow you to pro-
gram the keypad for use with WordStar. Look in the index under "keypad, recon-
figuring."
13

THE BIG GREEN SCREEN
The video screen displays information communicated between you and the
computer , such as characters typed on the keyboard, stored information, and
prompts (requests for you to type information).
The screen holds 1,920 characters in
80 vertical columns and 24 horizontal lines.
There is another (25th) line, which is a status line.
The character set is the standard ASCII set.
You can adjust the brightness of the display by turning the brightness knob on
the
back panel.
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