Kistler 9313AA1 User manual

Instruction
Manual
Press Force Sensor
Type 9313AA1,
9313AA2
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
Fz
Type 9313AA1,
9313AA2

Introduction
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 1
Forword
Thank you for choosing a Kistler quality product charac-
terized by technical innovation, precision and long life.
Information in this document is subject to change without
notice. Kistler reserves the right to change or improve its
products and make changes in the content without
obligation to notify any person or organization of such
changes or improvements.
© 2009 … 2020 Kistler Group. Kistler Group products are
protected by various intellectual property rights. For more
details visit www.kistler.com. The Kistler Group includes
Kistler Holding AG and all its subsidiaries in Europe, Asia,
the Americas and Australia.
Kistler Group
Eulachstraße 22
8408 Winterthur
Switzerland
Tel. [phone]
[email protected]om
www.kistler.com

Content
Page 2 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
Content
1.Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 4
2.Important notes.............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1For your safety ..................................................................................................................... 5
2.2Unpacking............................................................................................................................ 6
2.3Notes on using the Press Force Sensor ................................................................................. 6
2.4Hints on using these operating instructions .......................................................................... 7
3.General description........................................................................................................................ 8
3.1What are Press Force Sensors used for? ............................................................................... 8
3.2Design and functional principle of the Press Force Sensors Types 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 .. 9
4.Installation and startup ................................................................................................................ 10
4.1Important information........................................................................................................ 10
4.2Mounting of the Press Force Sensor ................................................................................... 10
4.3Adaptation possibilities Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 ....................................................... 12
4.3.1Adaptation A: Mounting in shaft with customized shaft adapters ...................................... 13
4.3.2Adaptation B: mounting in shaft with mounting studs ....................................................... 14
4.3.3Adaptation C: mounting on table with flange and pressure distribution cap...................... 15
4.4Basic circuit and cabling of the measuring chain................................................................. 16
4.4.1Notes on cabling the measuring chain................................................................................ 16
5.Operation..................................................................................................................................... 18
5.1Setting the charge amplifier................................................................................................ 18
5.2Polarity of the measuring signal ......................................................................................... 18
5.3Resolution of the measuring signal..................................................................................... 19
5.4Quasistatic measurements.................................................................................................. 19
5.5Tips for good measurands .................................................................................................. 20
6.Maintenance ................................................................................................................................ 21
6.1Recalibrating the instrument............................................................................................... 21
6.2Maintenance work ............................................................................................................. 22
7.Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................... 23
7.1Fault-finding and remedy ................................................................................................... 23
7.2Repairing the Press Force Sensor ........................................................................................ 23
8.Technical data .............................................................................................................................. 24
8.1Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2 .................................................................... 24
8.2Dimensions Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 ......................................................................... 25
8.3Dimensions of accessories .................................................................................................. 26
8.3.1Flange for Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 ........................................................................... 26
8.3.2Force distribution cap for Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 .................................................... 26
8.3.3Mounting spigot Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 ................................................................. 27
8.4Accessories included........................................................................................................... 28
8.5Optional accessories........................................................................................................... 28
9.Annex........................................................................................................................................... 29

Content
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 3
9.1Glossary ..............................................................................................................................29
9.2Measurement uncertainty ...................................................................................................32
9.3Linearity..............................................................................................................................33
9.4Frequency range .................................................................................................................35
9.5Influence of temperature ....................................................................................................36
9.6Index ..................................................................................................................................38
Total Pages 39

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 4 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
1. Introduction
Please take the time to thoroughly read this instruction
manual. It will help you with the installation, maintenance,
and use of this product.
Kistler offers a wide range of products for use in measuring
technology:
Piezoelectric sensors for measuring force, torque, strain,
pressure, acceleration, shock, vibration and acoustic
emission
Strain gage sensor systems for measuring force and
moments
Piezoresistive pressure sensors and transmitters
Signal conditioners, indicators and calibrators
Electronic control and monitoring systems as well as
software for specific measurement applications
Wireless data transmission modules
Kistler also develops and produces measuring solutions for
the application fields of engines, vehicles, manufacturing,
plastics and biomechanics sectors.
Our product and application brochures will provide you
with an overview of our product range. Detailed data
sheets are available for almost all products.
If you need additional help beyond what can be found
either on-line or in this manual, please contact Kistler's
extensive support organization.

Important notes
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 5
2. Important notes
It is essential for you to study the following notes, which
are for your personal safety during work, and to ensure
long term, fault-free operation of this product.
2.1 For your safety
This product has been thoroughly tested and has left
the factory in a perfectly safe condition. In order to
maintain this condition and ensure safe operation, com-
pliance is required with the instructions and warning
notes in these Operating Instructions.
The press force sensor must be installed, operated and
maintained only by persons who are familiar with this
product and who are adequately qualified for the work
involved.
If it is to be assumed that safe operation is no longer
possible, the equipment must be shut down and made
safe against being accidentally started up.
Safe operation must be assumed to be no longer possi-
ble when the product
shows visible signs of damage,
has been overloaded,
is no longer operating,
has been in lengthy storage under unsuitable condi-
tions and,
has been subjected to rough transport conditions.
Install the press force sensor in position as prescribed. De-
tails can be found in section 4.2
Secure all parts mounted on the press force sensor accor-
ding to anticipated moments!

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 6 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
2.2 Unpacking
Check all packaging for transport damage. Report any such
damage to the transporters and to the authorized Kistler
distributor.
Check accessories delivered (see Section 8.5) before first
use of the equipment. Report any missing parts to the au-
thorized Kistler distributor.
.
2.3 Notes on using the Press Force Sensor
The press force sensor must be used only under the
environmental and operating conditions specified.
With piezoelectric sensors, insulation resistance is of
crucial importance; it must be approx. 1014 (but not
less than 5·1013 ).
In order to preserve this value, all plug-and-socket
connections must be kept absolutely clean and dry. The
insulation resistance can be measured with the
insulation tester Type 5493.
Protect the connector of the press force sensor against
contamination and on no account touch it with your
fingers (connector front). Fit the cover supplied over the
connector when it is not in use.
A high-insulation cable is used to connect the press
force sensor to a charge amplifier. Once attached, it
should if possible remain connected to the sensor. Use
only specified connecting cables.
Protect the press force sensor when it is not in use by
storing it in its original packaging.

Important notes
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 7
2.4 Hints on using these operating instructions
We recommend that you read the entire operating instruc-
tions carefully. However, if you are in a hurry and already
have experience with Kistler press force sensors, read the
specific information needed.
We have attempted to give these instructions a clear
presentation to make it easier for you to gain direct access
to the information you need.
Please keep these operating instructions in a safe place
where you can retrieve them at any time.
If you lose these operating instructions, please contact your
Kistler distributor and ask them for an immediate replace-
ment.

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 8 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
3. General description
3.1 What are Press Force Sensors used for?
A Press Force Sensor is used for measuring dynamic and
quasistatic compressive forces.
The main areas of application are:
Process monitoring
Press fitting, spot welding, crimping, bonding, punching,
precision cutting, deep drawing, embossing
Product testing
Switches, connectors, springs
Calibration in
Force shunt measurement
Indirect force measurement
Kistler Press Force Sensors are characterized by high rigidity
and a high natural frequency. The effective useful frequen-
cy range is, however, determined by the natural frequency of
the entire measuring arrangement. The high resolution
allows measurement of the smallest dynamic changes even
in the case of large forces.
The hole pattern of the flanges integrated on both sides
and the optionally available accessories allow adaptation of
the Kistler Press Force Sensors for almost any application.
The central mounting threads on both sides (Type
9313AA1 and 9313AA2) contribute to the axially precise
introduction of the Fzforce.
Kistler Press Force Sensors are delivered calibrated and
ready for immediate use.

General description
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 9
3.2 Design and functional principle of the Press Force Sensors Types
9313AA1 and 9313AA2
The special patented design of Kistler Press Force Sensors
is characterized in that the sensor is axially preloaded
between a mounting sleeve and a base plate, by which the
compressive force is transferred to the force-sensitive
crystal slices. This preloading of the sensor is a requirement
for good linearity of the output signal, particularly for small
compressive forces.
The Press Force Sensor is welded seal-tight and is rust-
resistant. With a cable connected and an O-ring correctly
fitted in the cable connector, the connection is protected
against the entry of water spray.
Front-side, centric mounting threads are provided for the
precise coaxial introduction of force.
Fig. 1: Construction
1Crystal
2Cover plate
3Base plate
4Connection
5Mounting thread
The Press Force Sensor contains a pair of crystal plates as
an integrated sensor element sensitive to pressure. The
pressure-sensitive direction of the crystal wafers is arranged
so that a charge signal proportional to the magnitude of
the compressive force is produced.
A negative charge produces a positive voltage at the
output of the charge amplifier and vice versa.
Measurement is made practically without displacement as a
result of the piezoelectric measuring principle and the high
rigidity of the Press Force Sensor.
Fig. 2: Functional principle

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 10 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
4. Installation and startup
4.1 Important information
Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2 are
precision instruments whose specifications are fully utilized
only when they are correctly employed and only when
they are carefully handled. Please comply with the
following:
Never let the Press Force Sensor drop or expose it to
hard impacts! The peak force of such a shock can cause
irreparable damage.
Do not use a hammer to position the workpieces, as
impacts of this kind can also cause damage!
The following sections will provide you with information on
how to mount the Press Force Sensor and on setting up a
measuring chain.
4.2 Mounting of the Press Force Sensor
Please comply with the following information con-
cerning the correct mounting of the Press Force Sensor
The Press Force Sensor must be installed only by per-
sons who are familiar with it and are adequately quali-
fied for this work.
Angular seating will cause unwanted bending moments
which can overload and even destroy the sensor. The
contact surfaces of adapter flanges must be machined
perfectly flat. If the Press Force Sensor is used as a
calibration element, the adjoining surfaces must have a
roughness of Ra 0,8 μm (N6), otherwise a roughness
of Ra6,3 μm (N9) will suffice. Before mounting, the
contact surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned.
The Press Force Sensor is designed for measuring com-
pressive forces in the longitudinal axis. Although addi-
tional bending moments, tensile, compressive and shear
forces can be tolerated by the Press Force Sensor up to a
certain extent, these should be avoided if possible.

Installation and startup
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 11
The compressive force must only be applied by the flange
surfaces at the top and bottom sides of the Press Force
Sensor. The compressive force is thereby transferred via the
front-side flanged-on adaptation parts (strength class at
least 12.9) or mounting parts with appropriate contact
surfaces. The length of the screws must be selected so that
the depth of the blind hole in the Press Force Sensor flange
is fully utilized. The screws must not, however, protrude
against the base of the blind hole.
Fig. 3: Mounting Press Force Sensors Fig. 4: Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2
Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2
When tightening the screw connections, the force used can
be counteracted by applying an open wrench to the sensor
outer casing!
Tightening torques MAfor fillister-head screws
Type 9313AA1 M2,5x2 MA= 0,5 N·m
Type 9313AA2 M4x3 MA= 1 N·m
We recommend the use of screws from the strength class
12.9 upwards.
The connecting cable must be connected only after the
Press Force Sensor has been installed. Since contamination
on the connector contacts can lead to sizeable measuring
errors (in particular drift), the plastic protective connector
covers on the sensor as well as on the cable should always
remain screwed in position during mounting! In particular,
the greatest care must be exercised in dirty environmental
conditions.

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 12 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
4.3 Adaptation possibilities Type 9313AA1 and 9313AA2
Fig. 5: Adaptation possibilities: Press Force Sensors
Type 9313AA1 und 9313AA2
Shaft mounting
A B
Fig. 6: Mounting possibilities: shaft mounting
Table mounting
Fig. 7: Mounting on press table
These mounting possibilities are described in the following
pages.
Press
F
Shaft mounting
Table mounting

Installation and startup
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 13
4.3.1 Adaptation A: Mounting in shaft with customized shaft adapters
Fig. 8: Mounting example A
FZ= Compressive force [N]
Introduction via shaft with mounting thread
FS= Lateral force [N]
This "interference force" represents shear forces and
bending moments acting on the Press Force Sensor.
The maximum permissible values are listed in the
Technical Data on page 24.
Tightening torques MAfor fillister-head screws
Type 9313AA1 M2,5x2 MA= 0,5 N·m
Type 9313AA2 M4x3 MA= 1 N·m
We recommend the use of screws from strength class
12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.
Mounting clearance S is the gap between the end of the
mounting screw and the base of the tapped blind hole in
the flange of the Press Force Sensor. The mounting clear-
ance should not be less than 0,5 mm or half a thread turn.
Customized shaft
adapter
Customized shaft
adapter
Cover plate
Base plate
Mounting
clearance S
Fs
Fs

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 14 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
4.3.2 Adaptation B: mounting in shaft with mounting studs
Fig. 9: Mounting example B
Tightening torques MAfor fillister-head screws
Type 9313AA1 M2,5x2 MA= 0,5 N·m
Typ 9313AA2 M4x3 MA= 1 N·m
We recommend the use of screws from strength class
12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.
Explanations concerning Fz, Fsas well as mounting clear-
ance S can be found on page 13.
Mounting stud
Cover plate
Base plate
Mounting stud
Mounting
clearance S
FS
FS

Installation and startup
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 15
4.3.3 Adaptation C: mounting on table with flange and pressure distribution cap
Fig. 10: Mounting example C
Tightening torques MAfor fillister-head screws
Type 9313AA1 M2,5x2 MA= 0,5 N·m MB= 0,5 N·m
Type 9313AA2 M4x3 MA= 1 N·m MB= 0,5 N·m
We recommend the use of screws from strength class
12.9 upwards, see also section 4.2.
Explanations concerning Fz, Fsas well as mounting clear-
ance S can be found on page 13.

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 16 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
4.4 Basic circuit and cabling of the measuring chain
The Press Force Sensor produces an electric charge when the
compressive force changes. The charge signal is converted by
the charge amplifier into a proportional output voltage, which
can then be measured and recorded with an data acquisition
system.
4.4.1 Notes on cabling the measuring chain
Piezoelectric sensors must only be connected to or dis-
connected from a charge amplifier, when the latter is in
the <Reset> mode. The input stage of the charge amplifier
can be destroyed by voltage peaks in the <Operate> or
<Measure> mode.
Only highly insulated coaxial cables with low capaci-
tance may be used as connecting cables for piezoe-
lectric sensors, which produce only very low triboelectri-
city during movement. We recommend using only
cables listed in the data sheet 9313_000-705e.
We recommend that the two connectors on the connec-
ting cable are cleaned before connection using the
cleaning and insulation spray Type 1003 from Kistler or
white spirit. The connector on the Press Force Sensor is
sealed with an O-ring. With some cables, this is enclosed
separately and must be installed before using the con-
nector. The contact surfaces for the O-ring must be clean.
To prevent contamination of the connector contacts,
the connecting cable should remain permanently con-
nected to the Press Force Sensor. Remove the cover
caps from the connections only immediately before
connecting the cable.
Position the connecting cable so that it can move as
freely as necessary during work, but cannot be sheared
or torn off.
Vibration of the connecting cable can generate an
electric charge resulting in noise on the charge signal
(which is known as the triboelectric effect).
A summation of the charge and the measurands can be
achieved by connecting several sensors in parallel. Only
one charge amplifier is required.
Standard cables can be used to connect the indicator or
data acquisition units from the charge amplifier.

Installation and startup
9313AA1_002-475e-09.20 Page 17
The following illustration shows the elements required to
connect the Press Force Sensors to a charge amplifier such
as charge amplifier Type 5015A.
Calibration measuring chain comprising
Press Force Sensor, pressure distribution cap and flange,
cable and charge amplifier Type 5015A
Fig. 11: Force calibration measuring chain
Measuring chain for compressive force monitoring com-
prising
Press Force Sensor, cable, displacement sensor and
ControlMonitor
Fig. 12: Force-displacement measurement with process
monitoring
Force signals from several Press Force Sensors can be
added as charges to produce a summation signal. This is
done by feeding the cable end with the BNC pos. connec-
tor from each sensor to the coupling Type 1743. The cou-
pling can be plugged directly into the BNC neg. connection
of the ControlMonitors or via an extension cable.
Type
9313AA1, 9313AA2
Cable e.
g
. T
yp
e 1631C2
Fz
Displacement sensor
Type 2101A3
Cable Type 1631C...
Press Force Sensor
Type 9313AA1,
9313AA2
maXYmos
Type 5867B..."
Fz

Press Force Sensor Type 9313AA1, 9313AA2
Page 18 9313AA1_002-475e-09.20
5. Operation
5.1 Setting the charge amplifier
In conjunction with the Press Force Sensors Types 9313AA1
and 9313AA2 we recommend the use of a charge amplifier
with sensitivity selection such as Type 5073A... or a
ControlMonitor Type 5863A... . Details for equipment set
up are given in the relevant instruction manuals.
Sensitivity
Set the sensitivity (pC/N) according to the calibration certi-
ficate for the Press Force Sensor. The indication appears
directly in N.
Measuring range
Set the measuring range required (N). Depending on the
instrument, the output voltage range (± V FSO) and the
scaling for the output voltage (N/V) can also be selected.
5.2 Polarity of the measuring signal
Compressive forces produce a negative charge signal at the
sensor and a positive display value or positive voltage at
the analog output of the charge amplifier.