Klimasan R600a User manual

Servicing Coolers Charged with
Hydrocarbon Refrigerants
R600a (Isobutane)
& R290 (Propane)
24 Jan 2014; Version 2

R600a General Specifications
Chemical Formula :C4H10
Effect to Ozone : None
Greenhouse Effect : 3(vs. R134a’s 1300)
Molecular weight : 58,1 kg/kmol (Heavier that air, falls down to ground)
Boiling Temperature : -11,7 °C (It is in the gas form under normal atmospheric conditions)
Critical Temperature : 135 ºC
Critical Pressure : 36.5 Bar
Colour : Colourless
Odour : Odourless
Specifications : Flammable and Explosive

Usage of R600a Gas
As R600a heat transfer coefficient is almost twice that of R134a, for the same cooling output the
R600a amount required will be almost 40 to 45% less than R134a.
The values in right table are given for
approximately comparison. Consider the
values on the product labels for gas charge.
In the systems using R600a gas the suction pressure is below 1 bar (g).
This situation should not be perceived as system blockage.
Different than R134a gas, mineral oil is used, while polyester oil is not used.
R600a gas dissolves in higher rates than R134a gas in mineral oil and its vacuum period is
Lengthier.
Volume R600a R134a R12
50 ml 28 g 62 g 67 g
100 ml 56 g 124 g 135 g
200 ml 113 g 249 g 269 g
500 ml 282 g 622 g 673 g
R600a + mineral oil combination, is less sensitive to paraffinic items than existing
R134a + polyester oil combination, in which we have problems of system blockage.
Therefore, in cooling systems with R600a, the problem of system blockage is less encountered

R600a - Points to Consider
In the cooling systems with R600a and R134a, different compressors are used!
On the compressors in products
where R600a gas is used
there is a flame warning sign
showing that a flammable
and explosive gas is used.
In addition to this flame sign, during the service to the products with R600a, a distinguishing
label/colour etc.is used for recognition of the fact that R600ais used in the product.
During servicing:
Look at the compressor! If you see YELLOW TRIANGLE flame sign, it means that in this
product R600a gas, which is a flammable and explosive gas, is used.
While gas exists in the system, do not approach to the product with any heat sources,
electrical arc sources or welding torch flames; make sure that the heat /flame / electrical arc
sources which are closely located are turned off.

R600a Effects of Overexposure
•Ingestion:
Aspiration Hazard!
•Inhalation:
Inhalation of vapor may produce anesthetic effects and feeling of
euphoria. Prolonged overexposure can cause rapid breathing,
headache, dizziness, narcosis, unconsciousness, and death from
asphyxiation, depending on concentration and time of exposure.
•Skin Contact:
Contact with evaporating liquid can cause frostbite.
•Eye Contact:
Liquid can cause severe irritation, redness, tearing, blurred vision, and
possible freeze burns.
Source: MSDS National Refrigerants / Dec 08

R600a First Aid Measures
Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting. Contact a physician immediately.
Skin Contact :
For liquid contact, warm areas gradually and get medical attention if there is
evidence of tissue damage. Flush area with plenty of water.
Inhalation:
Remove to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, restore breathing at once.
Administer oxygen and get medical help.
Eye Contact:
For liquid contact, irrigate with running water for minimum of 15 minutes. Consult
physician immediately if frostbite occurs.
Source: MSDS National Refrigerants / Dec 08

R290 General Specification

R290 Handling & Storage
•Normal Handling:
Keep container closed.
Use only with adequate ventilation.
Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. To avoid fire, minimize ignition sources. Use
explosion-proof electrical (ventilating, lighting and material handling) equipment.
Do not puncture or incinerate container. High pressure gas. Use equipment rated for
cylinder pressure. Close valve after each use and when empty.
Protect cylinders from physical damage; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Use a suitable
hand truck for cylinder movement.
•Storage Recommendations:
Keep container tightly closed.
Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.
Cylinders should be stored upright, with valve protection cap in place, and firmly
secured to prevent falling or being knocked over.
Cylinder temperatures should not exceed 52°C (125°F).
Source: MSDS National Refrigerants / Dec 08

First Aid Measures for R290
No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. If fumes
are still suspected to be present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate mask or a self-
contained breathing apparatus. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything
by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention if symptoms appear.
Skin Contact :
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing
and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical
attention.
Eyes:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of warm water for at least 15 min. Get medical attention.
Frostbite:
Try to warm up the frozen tissues and seek medical attention
Inhalation:
Immediately remove to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificialrespiration. If
breathing is difficult, qualified personnel may give oxygen. Get medical attention at once
Source: MSDS National Refrigerants / Dec 08
.

Tips for Proper Use of R600a and/or R290 /1
1. R290 is a very flammable gas like R600a and needs special treatment and
precautions
2. R290 has higher pressure values in the same environment than R600a gas,
so needs to be handled more carefully
3. Because of the R290 is flammable gas like R600, it requires very careful
handling and special security. R290 is more pressurized gas than R600, so
technicians should be more careful
4. Flammable gas mixture, air and ignition source should not be together to
prevent accidents
5. When intervening to a product running with R290 refrigerant, the warning
instructions must be followed properly. They are very similar with the
warnings and instructions for R600a
6. Even though the gas amount seems to be low, flammability and high
pressure factor must be considered always.
7. R600a is used with mineral oil, while R290 is used with ester (polyester) oil.
8. The same driers are being used for R290 and R600a, should have XH-9
Molecular Sieve, check specs before using.