Kromek D5 riid User manual

D5 RIID

USER MANUAL

www.kromek.com

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herein. The recipient, by accepting this document, agrees that neither this document nor the

information disclosed herein, nor any part thereof, shall be reproduced or transferred to other

documents or used or disclosed to others for any other purpose except as specifically

authorised in writing by Kromek Limited

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0. Contents

0. Contents..............................................................................................................................3

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................6

2. Device Basics.......................................................................................................................6

2.1. Device Overview........................................................................................................6

2.2. Detector Reference Point..........................................................................................7

2.3. Powering On/Off .......................................................................................................8

2.4. Health Check .............................................................................................................8

2.5. On Screen Messages .................................................................................................8

3. Batteries..............................................................................................................................8

3.1. Charging ....................................................................................................................8

3.2. Replacing Batteries....................................................................................................9

3.3. Battery Indication......................................................................................................9

3.4. Earphone Connection..............................................................................................10

3.5. Access Modes..........................................................................................................10

3.6. Design......................................................................................................................10

3.7. Calibration ...............................................................................................................11

3.7.1. Atmospheric Calibration................................................................................11

3.7.2. Over Range Recovery.....................................................................................11

4. LED Indicator.....................................................................................................................11

4.1. LED Light Colours.....................................................................................................11

4.2. LED Light Operation ................................................................................................11

4.3. Combination LEDs ...................................................................................................12

5. Device Modes ...................................................................................................................12

5.1. Search Mode without ID .........................................................................................12

5.1.1. Accessing Search Mode without ID ...............................................................12

5.1.2. Using Search Mode without ID ......................................................................13

5.1.3. Alarms in Search Mode without ID................................................................14

5.1.3.1. High Gamma Alarm...................................................................................14

5.1.3.2. High Neutron Alarm..................................................................................15

5.1.3.3. High Dose Alarm .......................................................................................16

5.2. Search Mode with ID...............................................................................................16

5.2.1. Accessing Search Mode with ID .....................................................................16

5.2.2. Using Search Mode with ID ...........................................................................17

5.2.3. Alarms in Search Mode with ID .....................................................................18

5.2.3.1. High Gamma Alarm...................................................................................18

5.2.3.2. High Neutron Alarm..................................................................................19

5.2.3.3. High Dose Alarm .......................................................................................20

5.2.3.4. Isotope Identification Alarms....................................................................20

5.3. Confirmation Mode.................................................................................................21

5.3.1. Using Confirmation Mode .............................................................................22

6. Reachback Capability ........................................................................................................25

7. History...............................................................................................................................25

7.1. Accessing History.....................................................................................................25

7.2. Using History ...........................................................................................................25

8. Over Range Alarm .............................................................................................................26

9. Device Settings..................................................................................................................27

9.1. Restricted Settings ..................................................................................................27

9.2. Status ......................................................................................................................27

9.2.1. Device Info.....................................................................................................28

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9.2.2. Power.............................................................................................................28

9.2.3. GPS ................................................................................................................29

9.2.4. Satellites ........................................................................................................29

9.2.5. Radiometrics..................................................................................................30

9.2.6. WiFi................................................................................................................30

9.2.7. Training Mode ...............................................................................................31

9.3. Covert Mode ...........................................................................................................33

9.4. WiFi .........................................................................................................................33

9.5. Bluetooth ................................................................................................................34

9.6. Remote Mode .........................................................................................................35

9.7. Search Mode ID .......................................................................................................35

9.8. Radionuclide Library................................................................................................36

9.9. Confirmation Period ................................................................................................37

9.10. Completion Tone.....................................................................................................38

9.11. Show Deadtime .......................................................................................................38

9.12. Alarm Test ...............................................................................................................39

9.13. Sounder and Vibration ............................................................................................39

9.14. Silent Mode .............................................................................................................40

9.15. USB Audio................................................................................................................40

9.16. Snooze.....................................................................................................................41

9.17. Alarm Thresholds ....................................................................................................41

9.17.1. Dose Rate Threshold......................................................................................41

9.17.2. Gamma Background Alarm Thresholds .........................................................42

9.17.3. Neutron Background Alarm Thresholds ........................................................43

9.18. Gamma CPS.............................................................................................................44

9.19. Units ........................................................................................................................45

9.20. Brightness................................................................................................................45

9.21. Idle Timeout ............................................................................................................46

9.22. Set Date/Time .........................................................................................................47

9.23. Location Settings .....................................................................................................47

9.24. Date Format ............................................................................................................48

9.25. Optimise SD Card ....................................................................................................48

9.26. File Transfer.............................................................................................................48

9.27. AA Batteries First.....................................................................................................49

9.28. Reset UI ...................................................................................................................49

9.29. Languages................................................................................................................49

9.30. Explosive Atmospheres ...........................................................................................49

10. Background .......................................................................................................................50

11. Localisation Mode.............................................................................................................51

12. D5 Settings App.................................................................................................................51

12.1. Connecting to the Settings App...............................................................................51

12.2. About the Settings App ...........................................................................................54

12.3. Home Screen ...........................................................................................................54

12.4. Connectivity ............................................................................................................55

12.4.1. WiFi................................................................................................................56

12.4.2. Bluetooth.......................................................................................................57

12.5. Display.....................................................................................................................58

12.5.1. Screen ............................................................................................................58

12.5.2. Time...............................................................................................................58

12.5.3. Units ..............................................................................................................59

12.6. Alarms .....................................................................................................................59

12.6.1. Alerts .............................................................................................................59

12.6.2. Confirmation Mode .......................................................................................60

12.6.3. Search Mode..................................................................................................60

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12.6.4. Radionuclide Library ......................................................................................60

12.6.5. Thresholds .....................................................................................................61

12.6.5.1. Dose Rate Threshold ............................................................................61

12.6.5.2. Gamma Background Alarm Thresholds................................................61

12.6.5.3. Neutron Background Alarm Thresholds...............................................62

12.7. Device......................................................................................................................63

12.7.1. Security..........................................................................................................63

12.7.2. Backup ...........................................................................................................64

12.7.3. Update ...........................................................................................................64

12.7.4. Maintainer Settings .......................................................................................64

12.7.5. Remote Mode................................................................................................65

13. D5 Explorer App ................................................................................................................68

14. Fault Codes and On-Screen Messages ..............................................................................69

14.1. Detector Status Error Codes....................................................................................69

14.2. Device Messages .....................................................................................................69

14.2.1. Radiation .......................................................................................................69

14.2.2. Hardware .......................................................................................................69

14.2.3. User ...............................................................................................................71

15. Radioisotope Library .........................................................................................................73

16. Specification......................................................................................................................74

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1. Introduction

The D5 RIID can detect radiation from both gamma emitting and neutron emitting

sources using its CLLBC detector crystal. Its small form factor and lightweight

design make it ideal for one handed operation, with the ability to detect and

identify a range of isotopes and categorise them accordingly. The device can

operate using both rechargeable and replaceable batteries, whereby the batteries

can be easily replaced without the need for additional tools.

2. Device Basics

2.1.Device Overview

Screen

Power

Button

Keypad

LED

Sound

Output

Device Label

Space (includes

manufacturer,

model number

and device

serial number)

Easily

Accessible

D-Clip

Battery

Compartment

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2.2.Detector Reference Point

The reference point for the detector crystal is marked on the D5 RIID’s outer case.

The detector crystal is cylindrical in shape, meaning that the two crosses on the

device outer casing indicate the central point in both orientations.

External markings remain fixed after normal decontamination procedures (e.g.,

water and mild, nonabrasive detergent).

USB-C Port

Detector

Reference Point

Detector

Reference

Point

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2.3.Powering On/Off

To power the D5 RIID on, press and hold the power button for one second until

the screen illuminates. Release the button when the illuminated screen is shown.

To turn the D5 RIID off, press and hold the power button for five seconds until the

screen turns off.

2.4.Health Check

The D5 RIID performs a series of built-in tests upon powering on to determine if

there are any faults which affect device performance.

The device status is shown in the upper left corner.

A check mark in the top left-

hand corner indicates that

the device has no faults and

is ready to use.

An exclamation point in a

yellow triangle indicates a

fault which should be

attended to before the

device is used.

An exclamation point in a red

circle indicates an active

alarm.

Accessing information on faults is described in Section 14.

2.5.On Screen Messages

During use of the D5 RIID, messages can appear on the screen to aid use or to alert

the user to a problem. A full list of all messages is given in Section 14.

3. Batteries

The D5 RIID has an internal rechargeable lithium-ion battery and replaceable AA

batteries. The device can be used with only the rechargeable batteries, only the

replaceable batteries or a combination of the two.

3.1.Charging

When power is connected via the USB cable, the D5 RIID will start charging,

indicated by the waving LED light.

Both standard AC and DC sources can be used to charge the D5 RIID.

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When the D5 RIID is fully charged, the LED will show as a solid white light.

If the D5 RIID is powered off while charging, the indicator light will be white.

For more information on LED colours and light operation, see Section 4.

To ensure proper working of the device, the D5 RIID should be periodically

charged even when not in use.

The D5 RIID should not be charged at temperatures below 0°C.

Battery levels should be checked before every use and the battery should be

charged or the replaceable batteries should be replaced if required.

3.2.Replacing Batteries

The battery compartment can

be accessed while wearing all

manner of personal protective

equipment, including gloves.

The D clip is lifted so that it is

perpendicular to the back of

the D5 RIID. It can then be

turned anticlockwise until the

battery compartment opens.

Battery replacement can be

done without powering the D5

RIID down.

AA batteries should be

removed from the device

before storage.

3.3.Battery Indication

The battery indication is displayed as a percentage in the top right-hand corner.

The currently active battery can be viewed in the power settings (Section 9.2.2).

The user is given two battery indications for low battery. The device has a low

battery indication.

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3.4.Earphone Connection

Earphone connection is possible through the USB-C port. Both digital and analogue

earphones can be used.

If earphones are connected, a message will appear on the screen to ensure that a

user does not inadvertently silence all alarms.

3.5.Access Modes

The D5 RIID has two access modes on the device itself and an additional mode

which is accessible via software on a laptop or PC.

Routine Mode: Accessible on the device itself and designed to enable the user to

perform detection and identification of radionuclides, measure exposure or

ambient dose equivalent rate, and if applicable, detect the presence of neutrons.

Designed to be used by any user with access to the device.

Restricted Mode: A mode that enables an expert user (via password) to control

parameters that can affect the result of a measurement. Restricted settings are

indicated by a lock icon.

Maintenance Mode: A mode only accessible when the D5 RIID is connected to a

laptop or PC, which allows control of additional parameters. This mode utilises the

D5 Settings App (Section 12).

3.6.Design

Switches and other external

controls have been designed such

that the RID can be operated

properly while minimizing

accidental or erroneous switch

operation when the user is

wearing gloves including those

that are used in cold weather or

contamination control. This

includes personal protective

gloves.

The screen has been chosen to

allow the display to remain visible

in low light and bright light.

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3.7.Calibration

3.7.1. Atmospheric Calibration

The D5 RIID automatically maintains stable gamma energy calibration through a

combination of dynamic temperature compensation (over the temperature range

-20oC and +50oC) and by monitoring spectral features in the natural background

measured by the device. Under normal operation these features allow the gamma

and neutron calibration of the device to remain stable with no user input required.

However, as these methods are not intended to cope with sudden changes, i.e.,

due to physical damage to the detector, it is recommended that correct

functionality of the detector is periodically checked with reference sources.

If the device falls out of calibration, the device will alert the user via an on-screen

message showing “Calibration Error” if the device is out of calibration or

“Calibration Warning” if the device should be recalibrated.

3.7.2. Over Range Recovery

It should be noted that the scintillation detector within the D5 RIID may suffer

calibration shift following exposure to a high gamma or neutron radiation field

(i.e., above the recommended maximum dose rate of 100mSv/hr). While this

effect is common to most scintillators and can be relatively short lived, it is

recommended that the unit is periodically checked for correct calibration

following exposure to high dose rates.

4. LED Indicator

The D5 RIID has an LED on the top side of the device, which conveys information

through light colours and light operation. The LED is designed to give peripheral

information on device performance when the D5 RIID is worn in a holster, thereby

removing the need to consistently remove the device to observe the screen.

4.1.LED Light Colours

The D5 RIID uses LED colours to give information on device status.

An unlit LED means that the device is powered down.

A white LED indicates that the device is charging or is operating normally.

A red LED indicates that the device has an active alarm or a major fault.

4.2.LED Light Operation

The D5 RIID uses LED light operation to convey information on device battery

performance.

An LED flash every five seconds indicates normal battery life.

A continuous LED flash indicates a fault or alarm.

A waving or pulsating LED indicates that the D5 RIID is connected to a power

source and is charging.

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A solid LED light indicates that the device is fully charged.

4.3.Combination LEDs

LED colours and light operation can be used in conjunction to give full information

on device performance.

Example: A white LED flashing every five seconds illustrates that the D5 RIID is

operating normally and has normal battery levels.

5. Device Modes

The D5 RIID operates in three distinct modes: Search Mode without ID, Search

Mode with ID, and Confirmation Mode.

Search Mode without ID continuously scans an area for threats and alarms if a

high gamma or neutron level is detected. Isotopes are not identified in this mode.

Search Mode with ID continuously scans an area for threats and alarms when a

high gamma or neutron level is detected. Isotopes are identified in real-time in this

mode.

Confirmation Mode allows a user to take a longer scan to collect spectral data and

perform isotope identification.

5.1.Search Mode without ID

5.1.1. Accessing Search Mode without ID

Search mode can be accessed by pressing

either the up or down key to bring up the

main menu. The up and down keys can

then be used to navigate the menu. When

“Search” is highlighted, use the right key to

select. The device will then show the

Search Mode screen.

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To ensure that the device is using Search

Mode without ID, press either the up or

down key to bring up the main menu and

navigate to “Settings”. When in the

settings section of the main menu, use the

up and down keys to navigate to “Search

Mode ID” under the ID section of the

settings menu. This should be toggled off,

as shown below to ensure that the device

is using Search Mode without ID.

If the device is operating in Search Mode

without ID, then the ID icon in the top left-

hand corner will have a line through it.

5.1.2. Using Search Mode without ID

The D5 RIID continuously

scans the area for threats

when the Search Mode

screen is shown. The

gamma dose rate is always

shown on the screen and

can be displayed in Sv/h or

R/h. The values

automatically scale

between µSv/h, mSv/h or

Sv/h (or their R/h

equivalents) as radiation

levels change.

Neutron

Rate

Gamma

Dose Rate

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From this screen, clicking the left key to

select “Confirm” moves the device to

Confirmation Mode (Section 5.3).

Clicking the right key to select “Show Plot”

brings up a view of the real time spectral

data, showing counts per second on the y

axis and time on the x axis. This can be

hidden again by pressing “Hide Plot”.

5.1.3. Alarms in Search Mode without ID

Search Mode without ID does not identify isotopes. Instead, there are four

different alarms which can occur in this mode: high gamma alarm, high neutron

alarm, high dose alarm and over range alarm.

For full information on the Over Range alarm, see Section 8.

5.1.3.1. High Gamma Alarm

As background levels of radiation vary as time progresses, so too must the

threshold above which an alarm would sound. A high gamma alarm is triggered

when the count rate registered by the gamma-ray detector is assessed as being

significant (above threshold; the count rate is a result of background radiation plus

a radioactive source). The alarm threshold works by calculating sigma, the

standard deviation of how much the count rate fluctuates, and then multiplies it

by a value k, which is set by a user. The value k determines how many standard

deviations beyond the mean should be used to dictate the alarm threshold. The

higher the k value, the lower the chance of a false alarm but the device becomes

increasingly insensitive to low counts from true sources. A k value of 5 is

recommended to obtain the best balance between false alarm rate and sensitivity.

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If a high gamma alarm is triggered in

Search Mode without ID, the screen on

the right will be shown.

Using the right key to select “OK” will

dismiss the alarm. Using the left key to

select “Confirm” will take the device into

confirmation mode (Section 5.3).

Note that the exclamation point in the red

circle in the top left-hand corner will

remain in place until the threat is

removed, even if an alarm is dismissed.

5.1.3.2. High Neutron Alarm

As background levels of radiation vary as time progresses, so too must the

threshold above which an alarm would sound. A high neutron alarm is triggered

when the count rate registered by the neutron detector is assessed as being