Lexicon LFI-10 User manual

User Guide
,
LFI- 10
Digital Audio Format Interface
lexiCOn

Unpacking and Inspection
After unpacking the LFI-1 0, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit. Thoroughly inspect
the unit and packing materials for signs of damage. Report any shipment damage to the carrier at once; report
equipment malfunction to your dealer.
Precautions
Save these instructions for later use.
Follow all instructions and warnings marked
on the unit.
Always
use with the correct line voltage. Refer to the manufacturer's operating instructions for power requirements. Be advised that different
operating voltages may require the use of a different line cord and/or attachment plug.
Do not install the unit
in an unventilated rack, or directly above heat producing equipment such as power amplifiers. Observe the maximum
ambient operating temperature listed
in the product specification.
S/ols and openings on the case are provided for ventilation; to ensure reliable operation and prevent it from overheating, these openings must
not
be blocked or covered. Never push objects of any kind through any of the ventilation slots. Never spill a liquid of any kind on the unit.
This product is equipped with a 3-wire grounding type plug. This is a safety feature and should not
be defeated.
Never attach audio power amplifier outputs directly to any of the unit's connectors.
To prevent shock or fire hazard, do not expose the unit to rain or moisture, or operate it where it will be exposed to water.
Do notattempt
to operatethe unit ifithasbeen dropped, damaged, exposed to liquids, orif it exhibits adistinctchange in performanceindicating
the need for service.
This unit should only be opened by qualified service personnel. Removing covers will expose you to hazardous voltages.
This triangle, which appearson your CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
Thistriangle, which appears on your
component, alerts you to the pres- component, alerts you to important
ence of unlnsulated. dangerousvolt- operatingand maintenance instruc-
age inside the enclosure
... vOltage tions in this accompanying litera-
that may be sufficient to constitute a ture.
risk of shock.
Notice
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found
to comply with the
limitsforaClass Acomputing devicein accordancewith the specifications
in SubpartJof Part15of FCC Rules, which aredesignated to provide
reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there is
no guarantee that interference will not occur
in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment OFF and ON, the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient the receiving antenna
Relocate the computer with respect
to the receiver
Move the computer away from the receiver
Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the computer and receiver are
on different branch circuits.
If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find
t~~ following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful:
1 "How to identify and Resolve RadiofTV Interference Problems."
f
hllib -60klet is available from the U.S. Govemment Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.
I
4e "p"reserit appareil numerique n'emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de la class
~ ~r~scrites dans Ie Reglement sur Ie brouillage radioelectrique edicte par Ie ministere des Communications du Canada.
i .
I
dopyrrgtit © 1992, 1994
Lexicon Inc.
100 Beaver Street
Waltham MA 02154 USA
617-736-0300
Fax: [phone]
I
All ~ights Reserved
;,; :
I .
This publication is protected by copyright and all rights are reserved. No part of it
may be reproduced or transmitted by any
TT\eans or in any form, without express prior consent in writing from Lexicon.
I " .
Lexicon Part # 070-08618 Rev 1
Printed in the United States of America

Dansk
Vlgtlg Information om sikkerhed
Suomi
Tiirkeitii turvaflisuusohjelta
Gem denne vejledning Iii sen ere brug.
F01g aile anvisninger og advarsler pA apparalel.
Apparalel skal allid lilslultes den korrekte spamding. Der henvises
til
brugsanvisningen, der indeholder specifikalioner for slr0mforsyning. Der
g0res opmrerksom
pA, al ved varierende driftssprendinger kan del blive
n0dvendigl al bruge andre lednings- ogleller sliktyper.
Apparalel
mA ikke monleres i el kabinel uden venlilalion eller fige over
andal udstyr, der udvikler varme, f.aks. forslrerkere.
Den maksimale
omgivalseslamperalur ved drift, der slAr Opf0rt I specifikalionerne, skal
ovarholdes.
Dar
ar venliialionsAbninger i kabinettel. For al sikra apparalels drift og
hindreoverophedning
mA disse Abninger ikke blokeres ellar lildrekkas.Stik
aldrig nogellnd igennem venlilationsAbningeme,
og pas pA aldrig al spilde
nogan
form for vreske pA apparalel.
Datta apparal er forsynel mad
el slik med jordforbindelse. Denne
sikkerhedsforanslallning
mA aldrig omgAs.
Udgangsslik fra audloforslrerkare
mA aldrig srettes direkte i apparalel.
Apparalel
mA ikke udSa3ttes for regn alIef fugl og mA ikke bruges i
nrerheden af vand for al undgA risiko for elektrisk
s10d og brand.
Apparalal
mA aldrig bruges, hvis del er blevel s10dl , beskadigel eller vAdl,
eller hvis rendringer i ydelsen lyder
pA, al dellrrenger Iii eftersyn.
Dette apparal
mA kun Abnes af fagfolk. Hvis drekslel tages af, udsrettes
man for livsfarlig h0jsprending.
Sailyla nama ohjeellulevaa kaytloa varten.
Seuraa kaikkia yksikk66n merkittyja ohjeila ja varoiluksia.
Kaylaainaoikeaaverkkojannilettii.Tehovaatimukselselviiiviilvalmislajan
kiiy1l60hjeisla. Huomaa,
ella eri kay1l6jannilleel saallaval vaalia
loisenlaisen verkkojohdon jallai -pislokkean kayl6n.
Ala asanna yksikkoa lelineeseen jossa
ei ole tuulelusla, lai valitt6masli
lampoa
luollavien lailleiden, esim. lehovahvistimien, ylapuolelle.
Ymparisl6n lamp61ila kayl6ssa ei saa
ylillaii luolespeslflkaalion
maksimilamp6tilaa.
Kolelo on varuslettu luulelusreililii ja -aukoilla. Luolettavan loiminnan
varmlslamiseksi ja ylilampenemisen vailliimiseksi naila aukkoja
ai saa
sulkea
tai peittaa.Milaan esineila ei saa ty6nlaaluulalusaukkoihin. Milaan
nesleilii
ei saa kaataa yksikk66n.
Tuole
on varuslettu 3-johlimisella maadoilelullaverkkopislokkeella. Tama
on lurvallisuusloiminna eika silii saa pOislaa.
Ala kylke audiolahovahvislimen liihl6ja suoraan mihinkaan yksi
k6n
liittimaan.
Sahk6iskun ja palovaaran viilllamiseksi yksikk6
ai saa olla salaessa tai
kosleassa, eika sila saa kaytliiii miirassii ymparisl6ssa.
Ala kayla yksikkoa jos se on pudonnul,vaurioilunul, koslunul, lai jos sen
suoriluskyky
on huomattavasli muullunul, mika vaalii huolloa.
Yksik6n saa avala vain
la itteeseen perehtynyl huollohenkil6. Kansien
poislo allislaa sinul vaarallisille jannilteille.
Denne meerkat pi! komponenten advarerom uisoleret , farligspoonding
i apparatet .. . hej nok til at give elektrisk sted.
Denne mmrkat pA komponenten advarer om vig1ig drihs- 09
vsdligeholdsinformation i den tilh"rende litteratur.
TamS. kalmio, joke eS ii ntyy komponentlssasi, varoit1aa sinus
eri stamattoman vaarallisen t annitteen es i intym isesta yks i kon sisiilla.
Tame. jannite saattaa alia riittavan korkea aiheuttamaan
s ahk o iskuvaaran .
TamS. kalmia, joka es ii ntyy komponenlissasi, kertoo sinulle, etta
lassa tuotedo k umenloinnissa es iintyy tarkeita k.iiytto- js yl lapito-
ohieita.
Norsk
Vlklig Informasjon om slkkerhet
Ta vara pA denne veiledningen for senere bruk.
F01g alia anvisningene og advarslena som er angitt pA apparalel.
Apparalel skal alilid anvendas mad korrakt spanning. Produklbeskrivelsen
inneholdar spesifikasjoner for slr0mkrav. Vrer oppmerksom
pA al del ved
ufike driftsspenninger
kan vrere n0dvendig Abruke en annen ledning- ogl
eller s10pseltype.
Apparalel skal ikke monleres i skap ulen vanlllasjon, eller direkta over
varmaproduserende ulslyr, som for eksempel kraftforslerkere. Den
maksimale romlamperaluren som slAr oppgitt i produktbeskrivelsen, skal
overholdes.
Apparalal ar ulstyrt med vanlilasjonsApninger. For al apparalel skal vrere
pAlilelig i bruk og Ikke overopphelas,
mA disse Apningena ikke blokkeras
ellerlildekkes. Slikk aldri noe inn i venlilasjonsApningene,
og pass pA al del
aldri
s01es noen form for vreska pA apparalel.
Delle apparalel er ulslyrl med el jordel sl0psel. Delle ar en
sikkerhelsforanslallning som ikke
mA forandres.
Ulgangsplugger fra audloforslerkere skal aldri koples direkle Iii apparalel.
UnngA brannfare
og elektrisk s101 ved As0rge for al apparalel ikke ulsettes
for
regn eller fuktighel og ikke anvendes i nrerhelen av vann.
Apparalelskal ikke brukas hvis
del har blitt ulsallfor s101, er skadet ellerblitt
vAtt, eller hvis endringar i ylelsen tyder pA at del trenger servica.
Dette apparalel skal
kun Apnes av fagfolk. Hvis dekselat fjemes, ulsettes
man for livsfarlig h0yspenning.
Komponenlen er merket mad denne trekanten, sam er en advarsel
om at det finnes uisolert, farlig spenning inne i kabinettet.. h0Y nok
til Aulgj"re en fare for elektrisk 5101.
Komponenten er merket mad denne trekanten, sam betyr at den
tilh0rende litteraturen inneholder viktige opplysninger om drift 09
vedlikehold.
Svenska
Vikllga siikerhetsforeskrlfter
Spara dessa f6reskrifter f6r framlida bruk.
F61j alia anvisningar och vamingar som anges pA enhelen.
Anviind alilid riill niilspanning.
Se lillverkarens bruksanvisningar f6r infor-
mali~n om effeklkrav. Miirkval, att andra malningsspanningar evenluelll
kraver att
en annan typs nalsladd och/eller konlakl anviinds.
Inslallerainle enhelen i
ell oventileralslaliv, aller di rekt ovanf6r ulruslningar
som avger varme,I ax effektf6rslarkare.
Sa lill att omgivningenslemperalur
vid driftlnle 6verskrider del angivna vardal i produktspecifikalionen.
BeMllaren ar f6rsedd med
hAl och 6ppningar f6r venlilering. F6r att
garanlera lillf6r1illig funktion och f6rhindra 6verhettning fArdessa 6ppningar
inleblockerasellerliickas.lnga
f6remAI fAr skuHas in genomvenlilationshAlen.
Inga valskor
fAr spillas pA enhelen.
Produklen
iir f6rsedd mad en jordad 3-1rAdskonlakl. Della, ~ r. \ e~ r,
sakerhelsfunklion som inle fAr las ur bruk.
Anslul aldrig audioeHektf6rsliirkaruigAngar direkl lill nAgon
av_ enh~ ! ~ . I)~ s U
konlakter. . - . ~
F6r all undvika elsl61 eller brandfara fAr anhalan inla ulsattas for regn° ~~~ ;:
fukt, eller anviindas pA slallen dar den blir vAt.
Anvand inle enhetan om den har tallil i golvel, skadals, blivil vAl,.aller om "
dess preslanda f6randrats markbart, vilkel kraver servica.
.' '-1 '-
Enhelen fAr 6ppnasendasl av beh6rig servicepersonal. Farliga spanningar
blir lillgangliga nar locken
tas bort.
Denna tr iangel, s om visas pA din komponenl, vamar dig om en ;/
oisolerad farligspanni ng inne ienheten. Dennaspann i ng areventue ll t
sA hOg alt fara far elstot fareligger.
Denna tnangal, sam visas pA din komponent, ange~ 'art' ; v r kt ; ~~
bruksanvisningar och serviceanvisningar IngAr i dokumentationen i
frAga.

Espanol
Instrucclones importantes de segurldad
Guarde esta instrucciones para usa posterior.
Deutsch
Wichtige Sicherheitsanweisungen
Heben Sie sich diese Sicherheitsanweisungen auch
fUr spater auf.
Befolgen
Sie aile aufderVorrichtung stehendenAnwelsungen undWamungen.
ImmernurmitderrichtigenSpannungverwendenlDieGebrauchsanwelsungen
des Herstellers informieren Sie Ober die elektrischen Anforderungen.
Vergessen Sie nicht daB bei verschiedenen Betriebsspannungen ggf. auch
verschiedene Leitungskabel undloder Verblndungsstecker zu verwenden
sind.
Stellen Sie die Vorrichtung nicht
In ein unbelOftetes Gestell oder unmiltelbar
Ober warmeerzeugende Geratewie z. B. Tonverstiirker. Halten Sie die in den
Produktspezifikationen angegebene maximale Umgebungstemperatur bei
Betrieb ein.
SchlilZe und Offnungen im
.~ehause dienen der Belufung; um ve!1aBlichen
Betriebsicherzustellen undUberheizenzu vermeiden durfen dieseOffnungen
nich verstopft oder abgedeckt werden. Stecken Sie nie irgend einen
Gegenstanddurch die BelOffungsschlitze. VergieBen Sie keine FIOssigkeiten
auf den Apparat.
Dieses Produkt ismiteinem 3-drahUgen Erdungsstecker ausgerOstet. Diese
SlcherheltsmaBnahme dart nicht unwirksam gemacht werden.
SchlieBen Sie nieTonverstarkerunmiltelbar
an einenAnschluB desApparates
an.
Um elektrischen Schlag oder Feuer zu vermeiden, selZen Sie den Apparat
weder Regen noch Feuchtigkeit aus und betreiben Sie ihn nicht dort
WO
Wasser eindringen k6nnte.
Versuchen Sie nicht den Apparat zu betreiben falls
er fallen gelassen,
beschadigt, oder FIOssigkeiten ausgesetzt wurde, oder falls sich .seine
Arbeitsweisederartandert
daB darausein Bedarfnach Raparaturzu schheBen
ist.
DieserApparatsollte nurvon qualifizierten Fachleuten ge6ffnet werden. Das
Abnehmen von Abdeckungen setzt Sie gefahrtichen Spannungen aus.
UUllce siempre
el vollajecorrecto. Dirijase a las instrucciones de operaci6n
del fabricante para obtener las especllicaciones de potencia. Este
al tanto
de que voltajes de operaci6n dlstintos requieren el uso de cables
Vlo
enchufes distlntos.
Noinstale eslaunidad
en un estantesinvenUiaci6n,nitampocodireclamente
encima de equipos que generen calor tales como amplificadores de
potencia. Frjese en las temperaturas ambientales maximas de operaci6n
que
se mencionan en las especlficaciones del producto.
Las aperturas V ranuras del chasis sirven para proveer
la ventllaci6n
necesaria para operar la unidad con seguridad V para prevenir
sobrecalentamiento,Vpor 10 tantonopuedenserobstruldas0 cubiertas. No
introduzca objetos de ningun tipo a traves de las ranuras de ventilaci6n, V
nunca deje caer ningun Ifquido sobre la unidad.
Este producto esta equipado con un enchufe de 3 clavijas con conexi6n a
tierra. Este es
un elemento de seguridad que no debe ser eliminado.
Nuncaconeeteninguntipodesalidadeamplificadoresdesonidodireclamente
a los coneetores de la unidad.
Para prevenir descargaselectricasoincendios,mantenga
la unidadalejada
de la lIuvia, humedad 0 cualquier lugar en el que pueda entrar en contacto
con agua.
Notrate
dehacerfuncionarla unidadsi se ha cardo, esta daiiada, ha entrado
en contacto con liquidos, 0 si nota cualquler cambio brusco en su
funcionamiento que indlque la necesidad de hacerle un servicio de
mantenimiento.
Esta unidaddebera serabierta unicamenteporpersonal calificado.
Si usted
quita las coberturas se expondra a voltajes peligrosos.
Dieses Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat wamt Sie vor nicht-isolierter,
gef~hrlicher Spannung im Gehiiuse .. . stark genug um eine
Beriihnungsgefahr darzustellen.
Diesas Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat bedeulel daB wichlige Betriebs-
und Wsrtungsanweisungen in der milgelleferten Dokumentation zu
finden sind.
Este triangulo que aparace en su componente Ie advierte sabre la
existencia dentro del chasis de voltajes peligrosos sin aislantes " .
vol1ajes que son 10 sufic ientemente grandes como para causar
electrocuci6n.
ESle triangulo que aparece en su componente 10 alerts sobre las
i nstrucciones de operaci6n y mantenimiento importantes que est'n
an los materiaJes de lectura qua se incluyen .
Fran~ais
Instructions de Surete Importantes
Gardez ces instructions pour reference future.
Observez toutes les instrucUons et tous les avertissements marques sur
I'apparei!.
Branchez uniquements sur
un reseau de tension indiquee. Consultez Ie
manuel d'lnstrucUon du fabriquant pour les specifications de courant.
N'oubliez pas que differentes tensions peuvent necessiter I'utilisation de
cables eVou de fiches de connexion dlfferents.
N'installez pas I'appareil en un compartiment non-aere ou directement au-
dessus d'equipements generateurs de chaleur, tels qu'amplificateurs de
courants, etc. Ne depassez pas la temperature ambiante maximale de
fonctionnement indiquee dans les specifications du produit.
Des fentes et ouvertures sont prevues dans
Ie boitier pour I'aeration; Pour
assurer
Ie bonlonctionnementetpourprevenirl'echauHement, cesouvertures
ne doivent pas /ltre couvertes
ou bloquees. N'inserez pas d'objets dans les
fentes d'aeratlon. Emp/lchez tout liqulde de se repandre sur I'apparei!.
Ce produit est muni d'une fiche II trois fils pour la mise a terre. Ceel est une
mesure de securite et ne doit pas etre contrariee.
Ne conneetez jamais d'amplificateurs audio direetement aux connecteurs
de I'apparei!.
Pourempecherleschocseleetriqueset
Ie dangerd'incendie, evitezd'expaser
I'appareil I! la pluie ou I! I'humidite, et ne
Ie meltez pas en marche en un
endroit ou
II serait expose aux eclaboussures d'eau.
N'essavez pas de faire fonctionner I'appareil s'il est tombe a terre, a ete
endommange, expose II un liquide,
ou si vous observez des diHerences
neltes dans son fonctlonnement, indiquant la necessite de reparations.
Cetappareil ne doit etre ouvert que par un personnel de service quaillie. En
enlevant les couvercles vous vous exposez a des tensions electriques
dangereuses.
Co triangle, survotre appareil vous avertit de 18 presence de tension
dangereuse, non- i solee a "interieur du bailier ., . uno tension suffisante
pour repn!isenter un danger d'electrocut i on .
Co triangle sur sur votre appareil VOU5 inv i te de suivre d' importantes
instruct i ons d'utilisation et d'entretien dans la documentation !ivree
avec Ie produ it.
Italiano
Importanti norme di slcurezza
Conservare Ie presenti norme per I'utilizzo futuro.
Osservare tutte Ie istruzioni e
Ie awertenze apposte sulI'unita.
Utilizzare esclusivamente con la tensione
di rete correlta. Consultare Ie
istruzioni operative lomite dal fabbricante per i dati riguardanti la tensione
eI'assorbimentodicorrente.Potrebbe esserenecessarioI'uso
di cavi di rete
elo di spine diverse a seconda della tensione utilizzata.
Noninstallare I'unlta
in unoscaHaleprivodi ventilazione oppuredireltamente
sopra unafonte
dl calore, come, adesempio,un ampliflcatore.Nonsuperare
la temperatura ambientale masslma di funzionamento riportata nei dati
tecnici del prodolto.
Le fessure e Ie altre aperture nella scatola servonoalia ventilazlone. Per un
funzionamento aHldabile, e per evitare un eventuale surriscaldamento,
questeaperture nonvannoastruite 0 coperte in nessunmodo. Evitarein tutti
icasi
dl inserireoggettidlqualsiasigenerealtraverso Ie fessure di ventilazione.
Non versare mal del liquido dl nessun tipo sUlI'unltl!.
Questo prodolto viene fomito con una spina a 3 fili con massa. Tale
dispositivo di sicurezza non va eliminato.
Evitare sempredi collegare
Ie uscitedell'amplificatore audio direttamente ai
conneltori dell'unita.
Perprevenire
il pericolo dl folgorazione e di incendionon esporre I'unitl! alia
pioggia
oad un'umiditaeccessiva;evitaredi adoperareI'unitadove potrebbe
entrare
In contalto con acqua.
Evitare di adoperare I'unita se la stessa estata urtata violentemente, se ha
subito un danno, se estata esposta ad
un liquido 0 in caso di un evidente
cambiamento delle prestazioni che indichi la necessitA
di un intervento di
assistenza tecnica.
Ogni interventosull'unitAvaeseguitoesclusivamentedapersonale qualificato.
La rimozione della copertura
comporta I'esposizione al pericolo di
fOIL['
II presenta triango loimpresso sulcomponente awerte della presenza
di tensioni pericolose non isolata all'intemo della copertura ... ta li
tensioni rappresentano
un pericolo di folgorazione
II presenle triangolo impressa sui componenle awerte I'utenle della
presenza ne l la documenlazioneallegata diimportanti istruzioni relat i ve
al funzionamento ed alia manutenzione.

Contents
Introduction
1. Controls and Connectors............................................................. 1-1
Unpacking • Power • Mounting . .. .. ...... .. ............... .. ......................... 1-1
Front Panel Controls ...................... .. ..... .. ....................... .. .. ........ .. . .. 1-2
Front Panel Detail .....................................
... ................ .. ................. 1-3
Rear Panel Connectors ...... .. .. .. ...................................................... 1-5
Audio Connections.......................................................................... 1-6
Connectors • Cables
2. Digital Audio Data ......................................................................... 2-1
Sample Rates and Synchronization .................................... .. .......... 2-1
Digital Data and Formatting ..................................................
.. ........ 2-3
The AES Data Format ...................... .. ...................................... .. .... 2-4
Channel status: Professional format • Consumer format
The
SDIF-2 Data Format .................................... .. .......................... 2-8
3. Using the LFI-10 ............................................................................ 3-1
Selecting a Conversion Mode ............ .. .. .. .......................................3-1
Selecting a Unidirectional Conversion Mode • Selecting a
Bidirectional Conversion Mode
Navigating the Menu ............................
.... ....................................... 3-8
LFI-10 Menu Controls
AES Channel
Status· AES User Data· SDIF-2 Data
Viewing the Incoming Data ...........................................................3-10
Specifying the Output Data
.. .......... .. .............. .. .. ........................... 3-12
Selecting the Output Format • Altering the Output Data
Altering AES and
S/PDIF Channel Status Data • AES (pro
format) Channel Status Menu Selections·
S/PDIF (consumer
format) Channel Status Menu Selections • Altering AES User
Data • Altering SDIF-2 Data
Miscellaneous Menu Functions ....................................................
3-27
SDIF-2 Phase Adjustment· Auto Mute· AES CH AlB
CRC Error Count • Parity Error Count • Validity Error Count
Error Mode • Diagnostics • Initialization
of User Registers
Store and Recall .........................................................
.. ................ 3-30
AES Channel Status Reference (Professional Format) ................3-31 , ,
S/PDIF Channel Status Reference (Consumer Format) ............... 3-32
I
4. Troubleshooting ........................................................................... 4-1
Low Voltage .................. .. ................................................................4-1
Overheating ............. ..................
.. ...................... .. ...........................4-1 .
.. f
Solving Problems .............................
... ......................... .. .................4-1
Diagnostics ....................
... ....... ... ............................ .. ......... .. ........... 4-3
, !
5. Specifications ............................................................................... 5-1

Lexicon

LFI- 10 User Guide
Introduction
The LFI-10 is a digital audio format interface which enables viewing and
editing of auxiliary data embedded
in a digital audio data stream. When
placed
in line between two pieces of digital audio equipment, this simple
interface allows you to convert from one audio format to another, or to view
and modify the auxiliary data embedded
in the digital audio bitstreams. The
LFI-10 provides front-panel indication of
all data error types (CRCC, Validity,
Parity) with internal error counters for each, and gives you access to all 24
bytes oftheChannel Statusand Userblocks
in theAES/EBU and S/PDIFdata
streams. The unit provides access to the emphasis and dub-prohibit bits
in
the SDIF-2 data stream and allows adjustment of the input and output word
clocks relative to the
i~ut and output serial data on the SDIF-2 interface.
When the current interface standards (AES/EBU*, S/PDIF** or SDIF-2) are
poorly specified or only partially implemented, the
LFI-1 0 provides a simple
tool to view and edit the digital data, allowing you
to find and eliminate
communications problems.
This manual providessome basic information on digital audio (Chapter2) but
assumes the user will
be familiar with the digital audio interface formats
handled by the
LFI-1 O. Wehaveattemptedto include information aboutthese
formats which
is relevant to the use of the unit, but including the interface
specifications
in their entirety is beyond the scope and the authority of this
manual. Where more detailed information
is required, particularlywith regard
to the AES formats, we refer you
to:
Standards Secretariat
Audio Engineering Society, Inc.
60 East 42nd Street, Room 2520
New York, NY 10165 USA
Information
on specific data which may be required by any target device
should
be obtained from the manufacturer.
Lexicon has attempted to provide correct information and functional capability
corresponding to digital audio standards known
and available to us at the time of
publication of this document and manufacture of this instrument. As standards
evolve, Lexicon
may make updates to documentation and/or system software
available for purchase.
Lexicon's warrantyon thisproductexcludesconsequentialdamages resultingfrom
the use
of thisproductin the recording or transfer of digital audio. Localjurisdiction
may extend the user additional rights.
• AESIEBU Intenace (Professional)
The AES/EBU interlace conforms to both the AES ANSI S4.40·1985 specification and the EBU document, Tech 3250·E. Both
inputs and outputs are balanced, transformer-coupled des i,ans, with a temale XLR in.IW.t and a male ,XNLR output, conforming-to
the"standard convention of IEG26s;-Pl[~ and output levels cOriijlJy with GGITT V.11 . As a ovember 20, 1991 , new
versions of 1he professional digital audioformat specifications were under review by AES,EBU and IEC. Until new specificati ons
are published, this device must conform to currently approved specifications. On this device, the professional form of the digital
audio
and auxiliary data has been labeled "AES/EBU" in accordance with general usage.
•• S/PDIF -Sony/Phlflfps Dlgllallntenace Format (Consumer)
The S/PDIF interface conforms to the Ghannel Status Type II format. as specified in the EIAJ GP-340 Digtial Audio Interface
Standard, dated September, 1987, and to lEG 958, First Edition t989-03. As of November 20, 1991, amendments
to lEG 958,
which include specifications for the implementation of auxiliary data for the consumer forma t, were under review. Until new
speCifications are published,
this device must conform to currently approved specifications. On this device, the consumer form
of the digital audio and auxiliary data has been labeled uS/POIFu in accordance wrth general usage.

Controls and
LFI- 10 User Guide
Connectors 1
After unpacking the LFI-10, save all packing materials in case you ever need to
sh ip the unit. Thoroughly inspect the LFI-1 0 and packing materials for signs of
damage. Report any shipment damage to the carrier
at once. The following
accessories are included with the LFI-1
0:
1. Power Cable
2. User Guide
3. Quick Reference Guide
The LFI-10 is equipped with a 3-pin IEC connector and detachable line cord.
Connect the cable end of the
LFI-1 0 line cord to the LFI-10 power connector.
Then plug the line cord into
an AC wall socket providing voltage corresponding
to the data plate
on the unit.
The
LFI -10 measures 19"Wx 1.75"H x 13.9"D (483 x45x 353 mm).Make sure
that the LFI-1 0
is securely screwed into the rack, and that support is provided
forthe rear ofthe chassis during transportto avoid possible damagefrom severe
mechanical shock.
The maximumambientoperatingtemperature is 95°F(35°
C) .Provide adequate
ventilation
if the LFI-10 is mounted in a closed rack with heat-producing
equipment.
Unpacking
Power
Mounting
1-1

1-2
Controls and Connectors Lexicon
LFI-10
Front Panel
Controls
SDIF-2
Press on, press off selection
for bidirectional conversion
modes. Lightswhen ON, and
limits second input choice to
the three AES-type inputs.
-
-
CLOCK
Allows selection of which in-
put
is to be the word clock
master for the LFI-1 O.
Status LEOs are updated
whenever there
is a change
in the status of AES data.
(See Input detail next page.)
Input SELECT
In unidirectional conversion
modes, selects which of four
inputs is active. (If a bidirec-
tional mode has been se-
lected
by pressing SOIF-2,
selects from among thethree
AES-type inputs.)
Display
16-characterFIP for
Output SELECT
Toggles the three available
outputmodes: LOOP-THRU,
AES/EBU and S/POIF. (See
Output detail next page.)
Status LEOs indicate which
output mode
is currently se-
lected.
Scroll knob
Allows scrolling through the
available menu choices.
Power on/off.
-
Menu Functions
Arrowed Keys: Allow step-
ping forward and backward
through menu choices and
selection of character loca-
tion
in alphanumericentries.
Enter: Activates menu se-
lections.
Cancel: Exits the current
menu withoutperforming the
action selected and exits to
the next higher menu level.
(Pressing repeatedly will
step back to the top level
menu.)
Store: Stores the current
setup
in a User register.
Recall: Retrieves a preset
or setup and makes it the
current setup for the unit.

{
OPT-
SDIF-2 -
'-------- -
FREQUENCY LEOs
LFI- 10 User Guide
Controls and Connectors
LFI-10
Front Panel
Detail
The LFI-10 front panel
controls are divided into
three functional groups:
INPUT, OUTPUT and
MENU FUNCTIONS. o
DO 05515
_ 48kHz
___ .... -4-- CRCC indicates a CRG error
INPUT
INPUT
Operational modes are selected from the front panel
INPUT section. (See previous page.) Status LEDs
in
this section provide visual confirmation of mode
seletion as well as information regarding the current
status of incoming AES data.
SIG LOCK
SIG PRES Indicates whether or not the
Lit when a valid AES input phase lock loop has locked
signal
is detected on the se- onto the incoming AES sig-
lected input connector. nal.
n SDIF-2
U~~
.-------------~-------,
D
XLR-
SE
LECT AES - RCA-
TYPE
nO
o CLOCK
CLOCK LEOs
Indicatethe input selected as Indicate the measured fre-
the word clock masterfor the quency of the incoming digi-
LFI-10. The LED in the
tal frame rate. This LED will
CLOCK button lights to indi- flash if there
is a mismatch
cate a mismatch between in- between the detected fre-
put types and the selected quency and the frequency
clock master. specified
in the Channel Sta-
tus block.
OUTPUT
COpy PROHIBIT
EMPHASIS
Indicate
whether incoming
AES data has copy protec-
tion and emphasis bits set.
The EMPHASIS LED will be
COPY PROHIBIT
1
",·,·", ; ,·%·, 1 EMPHASIS
CRCC
_ 44.1 kHz
VALIDITY
------~
PARITY
SPDlF
Indicate the type of Channel
Status information being re-
ceived - "professional"
(AES/EBU) or "consumer"
(S/PDIF).
MENU FUNCTIONS
off if incoming data has em-
phasis specified as NONE or
NI (emphasis not indicated.)
ERROR LEOs
Light
to indicatevarious error
states
in the incoming AES-
type data stream:
in incoming AES Channel
Status data.
VALIDITY indicates that the
Validitybit is set
in aframe of
incoming AES data.
PARITY indicates a Parity
error
in incoming AES data .
The behavior of these LEDs
can be altered with menu
controls.
1-3

1-4
Controls and Connectors
OUTPUT
The format of transmitted audio data is selected from
the front panel OUTPUTsection. (See previous page.)
LEDs
in this section provide visual confirmation of
output selection as well
as the status of automatic
muting and the settingsof Copy Prohibitand Emphasis
bits
in the outgoing AES data stream.
MUTE
Indicates that output data is
being automatically muted.
Muting occurs when
no sig-
nal
is present on a selected
AES-type input. Automatic
muting can
be disabled from
the menu controls.
MENU FUNCTIONS
Lex icon
COpy PROHIBIT
EMPHASIS
Indicate the current setting of
the Copy Prohibit and Em-
phasis bits
in the outgoing
AES data stream. These
LEDs light when the corre-
sponding bits are set. The
EMPHASIS LED will
be off if
the Channel Status block se-
lected for transmission has
emphasis specified
as NONE
or NI (emphasis not indi-
cated.)
MUTE
SELECT
D
This controlsectionallows selectionofdisplayed menu
items, and contains STORE and RECALL keys for
storing and retrieving commonly used setups. The
arrowed keys are used to step forward and backward
through menu items, and for selection of character
location
in alphanumericentries. For more detail on the
menu choices, see Chapter 3 Using the LFI-10.
AES/EBU-
S/PDIF _
LOOPTHRU _
~
AES/EBU
s/PDIF
LOOPTHRU
One of these LEDs will light to confirm your output selection.
In AES/EBU and S/PDIFoutput modes, the content of individ-
ual fields oftheoutputblockare controlled through the menus.
LOOP THRU indicates that Channel Status information
is
being passed through unchanged.
ENTER CANCEL STORE RECALL
DODD

LFI-10 User Guide
Controls and Connectors
LFI-10
Rear Panel
Connectors
SDIF-2
AC Power 7Sfl, unbalanced BNC con-
Standard 3-pin IEC power nectors: 2 data inputs, 2 data COMM
connector outputs, word clock in/out DE-9 computerinterface port
AES/EBU S/PDIF
3-pin XLR connectors, pro- consumer format optical (fi-
fessional format AES/EBU ber-optic) input and output
balanced digital input and
output.
The input and output connectors conform to published stan-
dards for professional and consumer formats. The LFI-10,
however, allows mismatching of connectors and format
types,e.g.a professional format signal can
be received on an
RCA input, and consumer formatted data output on the XLR
connector.
480L Digital 1/0
SIPDIF DE-9 connector for interface
consumer format unbal -
to the Lexicon 480L Digital
anced coaxial RCA inputand Effects Processor.
output
1-5

1-6
Controls and Connectors
Lexicon
Audio Connections
Connectors Signal Mating Connector Description
AES/EBU
Digital Input XLR A3M Balanced RS-422
pin 2 high
AES/EBU
Digital Output XLR A3F Balanced RS-422
pin 2 high
S/PDIF
Consumer Digital
Input and Output
RCA Unbalanced 75(2
S/PDIF
Consumer Digital
Audio Optical
Input and Output
Consumer Digital
vUlr -,c. 01'1\.1
UIIUdldll""'U IOH
4t1UL Interrace
UC-~
Nv-~.j~
ut:-l:f
XLR Pinout
480ULFI-10
SDIF-2 Interface
Connections
XLA Pinout -pin 2 high by convention
480L.
Connector, DE9, Male
,--------
1
2
3
5
4
6
7
9
8
'----
DRAIN (CHASSIS GND) DRAIN (CHASSIS GND)
/
RIGHT OUT , \
f'.
BRNJWI-IT
'"
/ , \
RIGHTIN
1
LEFT IN
/1
1 X
~
WHTIllRN
AEDIllL X
~
1
I
I ~
LEFT OUT
GNDD / 1 1 X BLUIRED X 1 1
~
GNDD
~
1
WCIN
1 OAGJWHT I 1
1 /
WCOUT
~,
WCOUT
1
1
I X
~
WHTORG
GRNlWHT X
~
1
1
,/
I
WCOUT
1
LEFT OUT
/1
1 X WHTIGAN
BLUIWHT X 1
1
I~
LEFT IN
/ 1
GNDD 1 X WHTIBLU X 1 1
~
GNDD
AIGHTIN ~
1 I GRYIWI-IT 1 I /
AIGHTOUT
~ I
1 X WHTIG
RY
X 1 '/
Cable, Multiconductor, Belden 9682
'-
~ ~
/ , -/
L.FI-10
Connector, DE9, Female
-1
2
3
5
4
6
7
9
8
'---

LFI- 10 User Guide
Controls and Connectors
COMM Pinout
LFI-10 RS-232 Connector DCDI
Dal. Carrier Deleel (inpuI, active LOW)
RXD Receive Dala (inplI1, .ct ive HIG H)
3 TXD Transmil Dal. (oulpul, aclive HIGH)
4 DTRI Dala Terminal Ready (oulpul, active LOW)
5 GNDD Digilal Ground
6 N/C No Connection
i-;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;-l 2
'---- _____________ -' 7 RTSI Requesllo Send (oulpul, .ctive LOW)
8 CTSI Clear
10 Send (inpul, active LOW)
9 N/C No Conneclion
Cables
This interface requires balanced connections using high-quality, low-capac i-
tance, controlled-impedance, datacommunication, twisted-shielded pair cable.
It will not work reliably if microphone cable
is used.
AES/EBU
Digital Audio 1/0
Use commerCially-available, consumer audio optical cable assemblies. S/PDIF
Consumer Digital Audio I/O
This interface
is unbalanced but, because it carries digitalsignals, it requires the
use of 75Q RG-59 coaxial cable. SDIF-2
SDI
F-2 is notself-clocking and has provisionsfor word clock inputs and outputs.
The recommended cable has six twisted pairs with
an overall Beldfoil shield,
drain wire and copper braid. It
is a low-capacitance cable designed for EIA RS-
422 applications.
480L Digital Effects
Processor
Below are recommended cable and cable assemblies. Similar cables from
sources other than those listed here may
be appropriate.
AES/EBU
Belden
9271 (foil shield)
S/PDIF Consumer Digital Audio
Belden 9259 (22 AWG conductor,
.2420.0.)
Belden 8218 (27 AWG conductor, .1500.0.)
Maximum recommended length: 32 ft. (10M)
S/PDIF Consumer Digital Audio Optical
Toshiba TOCP174y
Sony POC-15
Maximum recommended length:
16 ft. (5M)
SDIF-2
75Q RG-59 coaxial cable
480L
Belden 9682
1-7

1-8
Controlsand Connectors Lexicon

Digital
Audio Data 2
Digital signals are created by sampling an analog audio waveform at periodic
intervals. A value is assigned to each sample according to the amplitude of the
waveform at the point at which the sample was taken. This value is represented
as a series of bits which make up a binary number called a sample word.
The rate at which samples are taken is critical- too Iowa sample rate will cause
importantdata to be missedbetween samples, leading to aliasing; toohigh a rate
will yield more information than can be processed efficiently.
Sample Rates and
Synchronization
!\(\!\(\f\
\}\TV VV
I I I I I
( ----- r-- - --r ------ .
------I
(\f\f\f\(\
...JL.-+V--.f--+V--.f--+V-f---IcV-+-----'r
-,-
an audio waveform
V
1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
the rate at which samples are taken
--",111.........".111 I'TTT'-'"I1w.u...,11II ~IIIIII"1'1'T'I'1'T"'IIIII'-rnT1 ........... 11 ~ 1111 .......... the sampled audio signal
lilli' lilli' lilli' IIIIII 111111
To avoid aliasing, the sample rate must exceed twice the highest frequency of
the signal being sampled. Given the frequency range of human hearing, the
commonly accepted digital audiosamplerates are within the range of 3~-50kHz.
Once a signal has been sampled, it is no longer a waveform, but a series of
discretesamples taken at specific intervals.This series of samples can only be
accurately read by another device using the same sampling interval.
Too
Iowa sampling rate will cause
important data to be lost.
Different sampling rates produce dif-
ferent data streams from the same
signal.
Sampling Rate A
Sampling Rate B
2-1

2-2
Di gital Aud io Data
Signals must be synchronized by se-
lecting one signal
to be the master. All
other signals are slaved to the timing
reference
of this master.
Lexicon
To enable communication between devices, the audio industry has accepted
several sample rates as standards. Professional audio equipment commonly
uses asampling rate of 48kHz, establishedbefore the popularityof the Compact
Disc. The consumer Compact Disc and its associated production equipment
established another standard of
44.1 kHz. The PCM adapters used on NTSC
video recorders are set at 44.056kHz, but can usually interchange audio with
44.1kHz devices. A 32kHz rate, proposed for digital broadcasting, is not yet
in
common use.
Two digital audio products will notcommunicate with each otherunless they are
each using the same sample rate. Simply choosing the same sample rate,
however, is not enough to assure communication. This is because it is not
possible to build a device which will run exactlyat a given sample rate -there
is always sometolerance, or error. The resulting difference between the sample
ratesoftwodevicescauses oneto havefewer audiosamplesthan the otherover
a given period of time.
For example, suppose two devices are set up to the standard sampling rate of
48kHz but,
in fact, differin frequency by 0.001 percent (a fairly typical frequency
error). Every two seconds, one device will have one more or one less sample
than the other device. This could cause
an audible click every two seconds as
the receiving device added or dropped a sample.
The solution to this problem is to truly synchronize all of the devices
in a system
toonesingle sample rate. This is doneby choosing onedevice
in thesystem and
making it the master. All other digital devices
in the system must then slave to
the sample rate originating from the master. To interconnect various pieces of
digital audio equipment, you must know which device is intended to be the
master, and be able to set every other device
in the system to be a slave. Since
the
LFI-1 0 is an interfacedevice, it is neverthe master, andoffersseveraloptions
for establishing synchronization.
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
A Signal A and signal
Bare
identical, but out of phase.
IIIIIIIIIIIIIII
8
Signal A has been selected
A IIIIIIIIIJ IIIIII
as the master. .. signal B has
been synchronized to
it.
8 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
Once a sample rate has been established for a system, the string of binary
numbers representing the audio signal must have information added
to it to
make it useful. The source of the signal, identification of the beginning and end
of the audio sample words, channel assignment, and the sample rate, are
examples of the kinds of information that must be included if the audio signal
is
to be communicated from onedeviceto another. This is accomplished by adding
additional bits
in a fixed order to the data stream.

LFI- 10 User Guide
When digital data is sent serially overa single cable, some sort of order must be
imposed to enable differentiation of individual bits
in the data bitstream. Without
ordering, the data
is meaningless to the receiver, and even simple tasks such
as identifying the beginning and end of a data stream, or the source of the
transmitted data would be impossible
Formatting gives such ordering to the data, allowing labels to be applied to
different portions of the data bit stream.
Generally, aformat
is designedto group data bits into identifiable substructures,
or blocks. The size of a block
is usually determined by some natural grouping
such as the number of bits which can
be transmitted within a specified time.
Blocks can then
be further subdivided into a manageable substructure by
defining certain bits
as control bits. Control bits identify specific types of data
such
as block starts. Further subdivision can organize data into meaningful
groups.
In digital audio, for example, channel routing data is distinguished from
the audio samples. This subdividing continues until information is assigned to
every single bit
in the block.
It is the control bits which actually define the format and make sensible
communication of data possible.
Digital audio standards are published formats used by manufacturers to design
equipment that communicates readily over standard interfaces. Because sev-
eral standards have evolved, and because some manufacturers fail to com-
pletely implement them, communication between devices
is not flawless.
Devices with different formats don't communicate, and partially incompatible
devices communicate unreliably. The
LFI-1 0 provides an interface for devices
using the most common standards, displaying and allowing alteration of the
information which you need to establish reliable communication.
In order to best use the LFI-10, you must be familiar with those digital audio
standards. While
it is beyond the scope of this manual to detail the standards in
their entirety, this section of the manual will provide an overview of the basic
structureofthe dataformatscurrently
in common use: theAES (Audio Engineer-
ing Society) professional format, the S/PDIF consumer format (Sony/Phillips
Digital Interface Format), and the SDIF-2format (Sony Digital Interface Format).
Digital Audio Data
Digital Data
and Formatting
2-3

2-4
Digital
Audio Data Lexicon
The AES Data Format The AES Digital Audio Interfaceisdefined in the published standard AES3-1985
and is properlyknown as "Serial Transmission FormatforTwo-Channel Linearly
Represented Digital Audio Data".
Data formatted according to the AES3 specification istransmitted as a series of
32-bit words, called sub-frames. The first four bits
in any sub-frame are called
preambles. Three unique types of preambles identifythe startof a block, as well
as the channel designation of the audio data to follow.
The data which follows the preamble (the audio sample word) can be 20 or 24
bits long. This audiosampleword contains the actual audio datafor the channel
specified by the preamble.
Following the audiosample word arefour bits designated as Validity, UserData,
ChannelStatusand Parity. Thesefour bits aresometimes referred
to ascarrying
auxiliaryinformation. Of these four bits, Validity and Parity are used to confirm
data integrity.
The User data bit is provided for manufacturers to use in any
manner they wish -its use is not defined by the AES3 specification. The
Channel status bit carries information associated with each audio channel such
as emphasis, sampling frequency, etc. This information is carried
in a fixed
formatwhichcan be decodedbyanyuser. Wewill
be lookingatthis in detail later.
Two sub-frames, each carrying audio data for one stereo channel, make up a
frame. A sequence of 192frames make up a block. The basic structure of AES
sub-frames, frames and blocks is shown
on the following page.