MACROMEDIA 38000382 - Macromedia JRun - Mac User manual

Getting Started
with JRun

Trademarks
Afterburner, AppletAce, Attain, Attain Enterprise Learning System, Attain Essentials, Attain Objects for Dreamweaver, Authorware,
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Apple Disclaimer
APPLE COMPUTER, INC. MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE ENCLOSED
COMPUTER SOFTWARE PACKAGE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES IS NOT PERMITTED BY SOME STATES. THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY
NOT APPLY TO YOU. THIS WARRANTY PROVIDES YOU WITH SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS. THERE MAY BE OTHER
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Copyright © 2002 Macromedia, Inc. All rights reserved. This manual may not be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or
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Part Number ZJR40M200
Acknowledgments
Project Management: Randy Nielsen
Writing: Rosemary Marano
Editing: Linda Adler and Noreen Maher
First Edition: May 2002
Macromedia, Inc.
600 Townsend St.
San Francisco, CA 94103

iii
CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS BOOK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII
Developer resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
About JRun documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Printed and online documentation set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Accessing online documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Other resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x
Contacting Macromedia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Part I Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
CHAPTER 1Welcome to JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
About JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Benefits of server-side Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Benefits of using J2EE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
J2EE standards compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
JRun architectural model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
JRun features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Development tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Dreamweaver MX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Using JRun with your Java IDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Installing the Enterprise Deployment Wizard in your Java IDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
What to do next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
CHAPTER 2JRun Programming Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Enterprise application architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Enterprise application design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
J2EE application architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
JRun support for the three-tier model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
JRun programming environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
JRun servers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Using JRun servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Starting and stopping JRun servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Installed JRun servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Web servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
JRun Web Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
JRun support for J2EE applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
About web applications and JRun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

iv Contents
About EJBs and JRun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
About enterprise resource adapters and JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
About enterprise applications and JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
CHAPTER 3Introduction to J2EE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
J2EE environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
J2EE platform technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
J2EE APIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
EJB 2.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Java Database Connectivity 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Java Servlet 2.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
JavaServer Pages 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Java Message Service 1.0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Java Transaction API 1.0 and Java Transaction Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
JavaMail 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
JavaBeans Activation Framework 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Java API for XML 1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
J2EE Connector API 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Java Authentication and Authorization Service 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Java Naming and Directory Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Common Object Request Broker Architecture compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Additional resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
CHAPTER 4Using Servlets and JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Using Java Servlets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Invoking servlets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Servlet benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Creating servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
JRun support for servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
JRun support for JSPs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Servlets and JSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
HTTP requests and responses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Writing results back to the client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Using servlet filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Using event listeners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Handling exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Maintaining page context information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Working with sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Tracking an application’s context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Accessing configuration information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Writing servlets in Java. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Writing servlets as JSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
CHAPTER 5Introduction to EJB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
EJB Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
The parts of an EJB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Container services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

C o n t e n t s v
EJB types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Session beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Entity beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Message-driven beans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Using EJB in JRun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Stubless deployment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Deployment options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
EJB clustering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
XDoclet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
The Enterprise Deployment Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
CHAPTER 6Developing Web Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Introduction to web applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
The benefits of web applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Comparing web applications and enterprise applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Using web applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
About the web application directory structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
The deployment descriptor (web.xml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Web applications, JRun servers, and web servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Mappings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Application mappings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Developing web applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Creating a web application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Adding web application components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Deploying web applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Deploying a web application across a cluster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Packaging a web application for deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Part II Tutorials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
LESSON 1 Servlet Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Setting up the development environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Getting started with JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Adding a JRun server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Deploying the tutorial enterprise application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Adding JDBC data sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Compass Travel J2EE application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Coding the logon servlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
What’s next?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
LESSON 2 JSP Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Creating a home page JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Compass Travel tutorial application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Accessing a JavaBean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
What’s next?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
LESSON 3 EJB Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

vi Contents
Using EJBs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Invoking an EJB from a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
Booking a trip reservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Examining the code for the reservation EJB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Examining the code for the credit card EJB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Examining the code for the order EJB: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Tutorial lessons summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
What’s next?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
LESSON 4 Web Services Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Using JRun web services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
TravelNet web services application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Setting up the development environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Getting started with JRun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Adding a JRun server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Deploying the TravelNet enterprise application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Authoring a web service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Generating WSDL from a published web service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Generating a web service proxy client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Creating and using a JSP-based proxy client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

vii
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Getting Started with JRun is for anyone using JRun to develop applications consisting of
Java Servlets, JavaServer pages, Enterprise JavaBeans, and Web Services. Part I of this
book provides a general introduction to JRun and J2EE. Part II contains tutorials to
show you how to build a simple J2EE application. In the tutorial lessons, you add a JRun
server and write the code for servlets, JSPs, JavaBeans, and EJBs.
This preface tells you how to access JRun and Macromedia resources, such as websites,
documentation, and technical support.
Contents
•Developer resources .............................................................................................. viii
•About JRun documentation.................................................................................... ix
•Other resources........................................................................................................ x
•Contacting Macromedia........................................................................................xiv

viii About This Book
Developer resources
Macromedia, Inc. is committed to setting the standard for customer support in developer
education, documentation, technical support, and professional services. The
Macromedia website is designed to give you quick access to the entire range of online
resources. The following table shows the locations of these resources.
Resource Description
Information on JRun
http://www.macromedia.com/products/jrun
/http://www.macromedia.com/products/
jrun//a
Detailed product information on JRun and
related topics.
JRun Online Forum
http://webforums.macromedia.com/jrunhtt
p://webforums.macromedia.com/jrun/a
Access to experienced JRun developers
through participation in the Macromedia
Online Forums, where you can post messages
and read replies on many subjects relating to
JRun.
Developer Resources
http://www.macromedia.com/desdev/devel
oper/http://www.macromedia.com/desdev/
developer//a
All of the resources that you need to stay on
the cutting edge of JRun development,
including online discussion groups,
Component Exchange, Resource Library,
technical papers, and more.
JRun Support Center
http://www.macromedia.com/support/jrunh
ttp://www.macromedia.com/
support/jrun/a
Professional support programs that
Macromedia offers.
Train ing
http://www.macromedia.com/support/traini
ng/http://www.macromedia.com/support/
training//a
Information about classes, on-site training,
and online courses offered by Macromedia.
Macromedia Alliance
http://www.macromedia.com/partners/http
://www.macromedia.com/partners//a
Connection with the growing network of
solution providers, application developers,
resellers, and hosting services creating
solutions with JRun.

About JRun documentation ix
About JRun documentation
JRun documentation provides support for all JRun users, including JSP developers,
servlet developers, EJB client developers, EJB bean developers, and system
administrators. The printed and online versions are organized to let you quickly locate
the information that you need. JRun online documentation is provided in HTML and
Adobe Acrobat formats.
Printed and online documentation set
The JRun documentation set consists of the following titles:
Accessing online documentation
All JRun documentation is available online in HTML and Adobe Acrobat formats. To
access the documentation, open the following file on the server running JRun:
jrun_root/docs/dochome.htm. JRun_root is the directory into which you installed JRun.
Macromedia provides online versions of all JRun books as Adobe Acrobat Portable
Document Format (PDF) files. The PDF files are included on the JRun CD and
installed in the JRun /docs directory, although they are an optional part of the
installation. You can access them by clicking the Product Documentation link on the
JRun Management Console Welcome window.
Book Description
Installing JRun Describes installing and configuring JRun.
Getting Started with JRun Provides a J2EE overview, concepts, and tutorials for
JSPs, servlets, EJBs, and web services.
JRun Administrator’s Guide Describes how to integrate a JRun server into an
existing environment.
JRun Programmer’s Guide Describes how to use JRun to develop JSPs, servlets,
custom tags, EJBs, and web services.
JRun Assembly and Deployment
Guide
Describes how to assemble and deploy the
components of a J2EE application.
JRun SDK Guide Provides information to OEM/ISV customers and
advanced users who embed, customize, or use the
APIs in JRun.
JRun Quick Reference Provides brief descriptions and syntax for JavaServer
Pages (JSP) directives, actions, and scripting elements.
Online Help Provides JMC users with usage notes, procedures, and
concepts.

x About This Book
Other resources
You can consult the following resources for more information on topics described in
JRun documentation.
Books
Servlets, JavaServer Pages, and Tag Libraries
JRun Web Application Construction
Kit
Drew Falkman
Macromedia Press, 2001
ISBN: 0789726009
Java Server Pages Application
Development
Scott M. Stirling, et al.
Sams, 2000
ISBN: 067231939X
http://www.moreservlets.comMore
Servlets and JavaServer Pages/a
Marty Hall
Prentice Hall PTR, 2001
ISBN: 0130676144
http://www.coreservlets.comCore
Servlets and JavaServer Pages/a
Marty Hall
Prentice Hall PTR, 2000
ISBN: 0130893404
Java Servlet Programming, Second
Edition
Jason Hunter and William Crawford
O'Reilly & Associates, 2001
ISBN: 0596000405
http://www.servletguru.comJava
Servlets Developer’s Guide/a
Karl Moss
McGraw-Hill/Osborne Media, 2002
ISBN: 0-07-222262-X
http://www.sourcestream.comInside
Servlets: Server-Side Programming
for the Java Platform, Second
Edition/a
Dustin R. Callaway
Addison-Wesley, 2001
ISBN: 0201709066
Web Development with JavaServer
Pages
Duane K. Fields and Mark A. Kolb
Manning Publications Company, 2000
ISBN: 1884777996
Enterprise Java Servlets Jeff Genender
Addison-Wesley, 2001
ISBN: 020170921X
Advanced JavaServer Pages David Geary
Prentice Hall, 2001
ISBN: 0130307041

Other resources xi
JavaServer Pages Hans Bergsten
O’Reilly & Associates, 2000
ISBN: 156592746X
JSP Tag Libraries Gal Schachor, Adam Chace, and Magnus Rydin
Manning Publications Company, 2001
ISBN: 193011009X
Core JSP Damon Hougland and Aaron Tavistock
Prentice Hall, 2000
ISBN: 0130882488
JSP: Javaserver Pages (Developer’s
Guide)
Barry Burd
Hungry Minds Inc., 2001
ISBN: 0764535358
Enterprise JavaBeans
http://www.middleware-company.c
omMastering Enterprise JavaBeans,
Second Edition/a
Ed Roman
John Wiley & Sons, 2002
ISBN: 0471417114
Enterprise JavaBeans, Third Edition Richard Monson-Haefel
O'Reilly & Associates, 2001
ISBN: 0596002262.
Professional EJB Rahim Adatia, et al
Wrox Press, 2001
ISBN: 1861005083
Special Edition Using Enterprise
JavaBeans (EJB) 2.0
Chuck Cavaness and Brian Keeton
Que, 2001
ISBN: 0789725673
Applying Enterprise JavaBeans:
Component-Based Development for
the J2EE Platform
Vlada Matena and Beth Stearns
Addison-Wesley Pub Co, 2000
ISBN: 0201702673
Enterprise Java Programming
Professional Java Server
Programming J2EE 1.3 Edition
Subrahmanyam Allamaraju, et al
Wrox Press, 2001
ISBN: 1861005377
Server-Based Java Programming Te d N e wa r d
Manning Publications Company, 2000
ISBN: 1884777716

xii About This Book
Online resources
Designing Enterprise Applications
with the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise
Edition
Nicholas Kassem
Addison-Wesley, 2000
ISBN: 0201702770
(free download at
http://java.sun.com/j2ee/download.html#blueprintsh
ttp://java.sun.com/j2ee/download.html#blueprints/a
)
Building Java Enterprise Systems
with J2EE
Paul Perrone and Venkata S.R. “Krishna” .R.
Chaganti
Sams, 2000
ISBN: 0672317958
J2EE: A Bird's Eye View (e-book) Rick Grehan
Fawcette Technical Publications, 2001
ISBN: B00005BAZV
Java Message Service Richard Monson-Haefel and David Chappell
O’Reilly and Associates, 2001
ISBN: 0596000685
J2EE Connector Architecture and
Enterprise Application Integration
Rahul Sharma, et al
Addison-Wesley, 2001
ISBN: 0201775808
Building Web Services with Java:
Making Sense of XML, SOAP,
WSDL and UDDI
Sim Simeonov, Glen Daniels, et al
Prentice Hall, 2002
ISBN: 0672321815
Architecting Web Services William L. Oellermann Jr.
Apress, 2001
ISBN: 1893115585
Java Servlet API http://java.sun.com/products/servlethttp://java.sun.co
m/products/servlet/a
JavaServer Pages API http://java.sun.com/products/jsphttp://java.sun.com/p
roducts/jsp/a
Enterprise JavaBeans API http://java.sun.com/products/ejb/http://java.sun.com/
products/ejb//a
Java 2 Standard Edition API http://java.sun.com/j2se/http://java.sun.com/j2se//a
Servlet Source http://www.servletsource.comhttp://www.servletsourc
e.com/a
JSP Resource Index http://www.jspin.comhttp://www.jspin.com/a

Other resources xiii
Server Side http://www.theserverside.comhttp://www.theserversid
e.com/a
Dot Com Builder http://dcb.sun.comhttp://dcb.sun.com/a
Servlet Forum http://www.servletforum.com/http://www.servletforum
.com/a

xiv About This Book
Contacting Macromedia
Corporate
headquarters
Macromedia, Inc.
600 Townsend Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Web: http://www.macromedia.com www.macromedia.com/a
Technical support Macromedia offers a range of telephone and web-based
support options. Go to
http://www.macromedia.com/support/http://www.macromedia
.com/support//a for a complete description of technical
support services.
You can make postings to the JRun Support Forum
(http://webforums.macromedia.comhttp://webforums.macrom
edia.com/a) at any time.
Sales Toll Free: 888.939.2545
Te l : 6 1 7 . 2 1 9. 2 1 0 0
Fax: [phone]
E-mail:
mailto:[email protected][email protected]/a
Web:
http://www.macromedia.com/store/http://www.macromedia.c
om/store//a
OEM/hosting sales For information about OEM/hosting, such as inquiries
regarding licensing and pricing for product, support, training
and consulting, contact:
Toll Free: 888.939.2545, request OEM Sales Desk extension
2157.
OEM Sales Desk: 617.219.2157
Fax: [phone]
E-mail:
mailto:[e-mail]@macromedia.c
om/a
Web:
http://www.macromedia.com/software/jrun/oemhttp://www.m
acromedia.com/software/jrun/oem/a

PART I
Introduction
This part contains an introduction to JRun and J2EE.
Welcome to JRun..........................................................................................................3
JRun Programming Model........................................................................................ 15
Introduction to J2EE..................................................................................................29
Using Servlets and JSP............................................................................................ 37
Introduction to EJB .....................................................................................................47
Developing Web Applications ................................................................................55

3
CHAPTER 1
Welcome to JRun
This chapter contains an overview of Macromedia JRun and JRun architecture. It
describes many of the features and tools that you use during application development
and deployment. It also includes a description of different types of JRun users and
pointers to the JRun documentation where each type of user can find additional
information.
Contents
•About JRun ............................................................................................................. 4
•J2EE standards compliance...................................................................................... 6
•JRun architectural model......................................................................................... 7
•JRun features ........................................................................................................... 8
•Development tools................................................................................................. 13
•What to do next .................................................................................................... 14

4 Chapter 1 Welcome to JRun
About JRun
JRun is a complete Java application server for developing and deploying reliable, scalable,
and secure server-side Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications. JRun supports the
latest industry standards for developing applications composed of Java Servlets,
JavaServer pages (JSP), Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB), Java Message Service (JMS),
Macromedia Flash files, HTML pages, images, and other resources.
JRun supports a variety of Windows and UNIX platforms. Its open design lets JRun
work with a variety of existing web servers, including Apache, Microsoft Internet
Information Server (IIS), Netscape Enterprise Server (NES), Netscape iPlanet, and Zeus.
With JRun, you can deploy websites with dynamically generated content on almost any
platform.
JRun connects to a web server using a plug-in mechanism unique to each web server:
Netscape Server API (NSAPI) for Netscape, Internet Server API (ISAPI) for Microsoft
IIS, and the Apache 1.3 and 2.0 Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) interfaces for the
Apache web server. However, you do not need to have a separate web server to develop
and deploy applications using JRun. JRun provides its own built-in web server.
For more information, see Installing JRun.
Benefits of server-side Java
Java Servlets, JSPs, and EJBs are all examples of server-side Java—that is, Java code that
executes on an application server rather than on a web client.
Server-side Java has many important features that make it extremely useful for developing
web server applications, including the following:
•Consistent Java features You can guarantee that your server supports the features
of Java that are required by your application.
•Up-to-date Java technologies As the Java standard continues to evolve, your
server-side application can immediately take advantage of new Java features,
regardless of the compliance level of clients.
•Control over the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Your server runs the JVM that you
require for your application.
Server-side Java lets you completely realize the Java “write once, run anywhere” goal. The
full capabilities of the language are available to you with no limitations or restrictions.
Because these applications run on the server, you can also control the platform, the
operating system, and every aspect of the environment in which your application runs.
With complete control over your environment, you can develop on one platform and
deploy on another with confidence that your application will run properly on both
platforms.

About JRun 5
Benefits of using J2EE
The J2EE platform represents a single standard for implementing and deploying
multitier, enterprise applications. J2EE applications take advantage of Java’s inherent
portability and can be run on all platforms supported by JRun.
J2EE offers a number of benefits for application programmers, including the following:
•Rich set of standard APIs and services
•High performance
•Integration with backend infrastructure, such as Relational Database Management
Systems (RDBMS) and Enterprise Information Systems (EIS)
•Industry support, including third party tools and Application Programming
Interfaces (APIs)
JRun is standardized on the latest J2EE platform specifications, highlighted in the
following section.

6 Chapter 1 Welcome to JRun
J2EE standards compliance
Macromedia JRun is a J2EE-compliant application server. JRun passed the J2EE
Compatibility Test Suite (CTS) and delivers the full capabilities of the most recent Sun
J2EE 1.3 platform specification. The following table describes the many enhancements
and new features in the 1.3 specification:
Feature Description
EJB 2.0 Provides enhancements that simplify the development of distributed
components.
•Container Managed Persistence (CMP) 2.0 lets developers build
portable applications that are database-independent and free of
database access code.
•Introduces a standard, database-independent EJB query language
(EJBQL).
•Introduces local interfaces to efficiently invoke an EJB component
residing on the same computer as the calling application.
Message Driven
Beans (MDB)
A part of the EJB 2.0 specification, combines the asynchronous
benefits of the Java Message Service (JMS) with EJB. MDBs are
message listeners that run in the EJB container and can use container
services, such as security and transactions.
J2EE Connector
Architecture
(JCA) 1.0
Defines a standard architecture that supports integration of J2EE
servers with enterprise information systems, such as Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP) systems, mainframe transaction processing
systems, and legacy database systems.
JSP 1.2 Supports several additions to the JSP API, including the following:
•Two new tag types, IterationTag and TryCatchFinallyTag.
•An XML syntax for JSP pages (JSPX), which makes it easier to
automate the authoring of JSP pages.
•A number of enhancements to Tag Library Descriptors (TLD) that
improve portability, and better support authoring tools.
Servlet 2.3 Introduces the following two important new features:
•Application events Useful for application initialization code and
can replace preloaded servlets in some cases.
•Filters Allow pre- and post-processing of servlet requests.
Java APIs for
XML Processing
(JAXP) 1.1
Supports the latest XML development features, including a pluggable
architecture for adding your choice of XML parser or XSL processor into
the server and overriding the default components that JRun includes.
Java Message
Service (JMS) 1.0
Lets J2EE application components create, send, receive, and read
messages. It enables distributed communication that is loosely coupled,
reliable, and asynchronous.
Java
Authentication
and Authorization
Service (JAAS)
Provides a way for a J2EE application to authenticate users and enforce
access controls in a modular fashion.