Magni Gyro M-16 C Technical specifications

025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
TITLE : M16C FLIGHT MANUAL
CODE : 025-00-16C
PRODUCT : M-16 C
ISSUE
DATE
COMPILED
CHECKED
APPROVED
G
March 2016
Marco Tessari
Luca Varieze Magni
Marco Tessari
APPROVED
Pietro Magni
Magni Gyro srl
I-21010 BESNATE (VA) Via Volpina 23 Tel. + 39 0331 274816 Fax + 39 0331 274817
E-mail : in[email protected]
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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
Page 2
APPROVED PILOTS HANDBOOK FOR THE MAGNI M16 C
Registration Marks: G-
Constructors Serial Number:
Aircraft Designed and constructed by: Magni Gyro Ref DAI/9516/95
Pilot’s handbook prepared and issued by: Magni Gyro
PILOTS HANDBOOK COPY NUMBER:
This is the Pilot’s Handbook referred to on the Permit to fly. This gyroplane shall at all
times be operated in accordance with this manual.

025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
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GENERAL
This Pilots Handbook applies only to the aircraft having the registration marks stated on
page 2
It is the responsibility of the pilot to be familiar with the content of this handbook, including
any amendments.
Units of measure
The following units are used in this Handbook and where appropriate on the instruments
and placards.
Weight Kilograms
Length (aircraft geometry) Millimeters
Distance (aircraft performance) Feet
Altitude Feet
Airspeed Mph
Moments Kilogram meters (kgm)
Pressures Bars (bar)
Temperatures Degrees Celsius (c)
Liquid Quantities Litres (l)

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS
This page 4/0 and subsequent amendment pages 4/1 etc , will be reissued as necessary
with each amendment list.
A copy of each Amendment List will be sent to the Registered Owner of each Aircraft.
It is the responsibility of the registered owner to insure that the amendments are
incorporated in the Pilot’s Handbook, that the superseded pages are removed and that the
receipt form, enclosed with the Amendment List is signed and returned to Magni Gyro Ltd
Amendment List No
And Approval date
Description of Amendment
Pages Affected

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system,
without prior permission from Magni Gyro.
Copyright 2016 by Magni Gyro. All rights reserved.

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................10
1.1 OBJECT.........................................................................................................................................................10
1.2 PERMITTED OPERATIONS........................................................................................................................10
1.3 LAY-OUT......................................................................................................................................................10
1.4 CHECKLISTS ...............................................................................................................................................10
1.5 DEFINITIONS...............................................................................................................................................11
1.6 PERFORMANCE..........................................................................................................................................12
1.7 DICTIONARY OF TERMS COMMONLY USED IN THE AERONAUTICAL SECTOR..........................13
2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE......................................................................15
2.1 THE GYROPLANE.......................................................................................................................................15
2.2 OVERALL DIMENSIONS............................................................................................................................16
2.3 EMPTY AND TAKEOFF WEIGHT .............................................................................................................16
2.4 GENERAL CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................................17
2.4.1 DESCRIPTION OF MAIN COMPONENTS .............................................................................................17
2.4.2 DESCRIPTION OF COCKPIT .................................................................................................................18
2.4.3 DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENT PANEL.............................................................................................19
2.5 ENGINE.........................................................................................................................................................21
2.6 LUBRICATION SYSTEM............................................................................................................................23
2.7 INTAKE SYSTEM........................................................................................................................................24
2.8 FUEL SYSTEM.............................................................................................................................................25
2.8.1 MAIN LINE ...............................................................................................................................................25
2.8.2 FUEL QUANTITY DATA..........................................................................................................................27
2.9 COOLING SYSTEM.....................................................................................................................................27
2.10 PROPELLER.................................................................................................................................................29
2.11 ENGINE CONTROLS...................................................................................................................................30
2.11.1 CHOKE CONTROL LEVER.................................................................................................................30
2.11.2 THROTTLE LEVER..............................................................................................................................31
2.11.3 IGNITION KEY ....................................................................................................................................32
2.12 ENGINE INSTRUMENTS............................................................................................................................33
2.12.1 DIGITAL ENGINE MONITORING SYSTEM (FLYDAT).....................................................................33
2.12.2 FUEL PRESSURE INDICATOR ..........................................................................................................34
2.12.3 FUEL SUPPLY PRESSURE INDICATOR...........................................................................................34
2.13 ELECTRIC INSTALLATION.......................................................................................................................35
2.13.1 ELECTRIC SYSTEM VARIOUS DEVICES..........................................................................................37
2.14 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS.............................................................................................................................39
2.14.1 AIR-SPEED INDICATOR (ASI)...........................................................................................................39
2.14.2 ALTIMETER (ALT) ..............................................................................................................................39
2.14.3 VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI)................................................................................................39
2.14.4 STATIC AND DYNAMIC HEADS........................................................................................................39
2.15 NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS..................................................................................................................40
2.15.1 COMPASS............................................................................................................................................40
2.16 CONTROL INSTRUMENTS........................................................................................................................40
2.16.1 ROTOR REVOLUTION COUNTER rpm. ............................................................................................40
2.16.2 FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR .................................................................................................................40
2.17 FLIGHT CONTROLS ...................................................................................................................................41

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
2.17.1 ROTOR CONTROLS............................................................................................................................41
2.17.2 DIRECTION CONTROLS ....................................................................................................................42
2.18 BRAKING SYSTEM.....................................................................................................................................43
2.19 COCKPIT ......................................................................................................................................................45
2.20 SAFETY BELTS ...........................................................................................................................................45
2.21 EXTERNAL LIGHTING SYSTEM..............................................................................................................46
2.22 INTERNAL LIGHTING................................................................................................................................46
2.23 SERVICE - REFUELING DATA..................................................................................................................47
2.23.1 FUELS..................................................................................................................................................47
2.23.2 BRAKE OILS........................................................................................................................................47
2.23.3 LUBRICANTS.......................................................................................................................................48
3 FLIGHT PROCEDURE .......................................................................................................................................50
3.1 OPERATION LIMITS...................................................................................................................................50
3.2 FLIGHT PLANNING....................................................................................................................................50
3.3 TAKE-OFF AND LANDING DATA ............................................................................................................50
3.4 WEIGHTS AND BALANCING....................................................................................................................50
3.5 PILOT CHECKLIST .....................................................................................................................................50
3.6 DAILY PREFLIGHT CHECKS ....................................................................................................................51
3.6.1 INNER CHECKS.......................................................................................................................................52
3.6.2 EXTERNAL CHECKS...............................................................................................................................52
3.6.3 ORDINARY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE..............................................................................................57
3.7 ENGINE PROCEDURES..............................................................................................................................58
3.7.1 NOTES ON USE OF ENGINE..................................................................................................................58
3.7.2 ENGINE OPERATION LIMITS ................................................................................................................58
3.7.3 USE OF HOT AIR TO CARBURETORS...................................................................................................59
3.7.4 ENGINE STARTING.................................................................................................................................59
3.7.5 STARTING FAILED..................................................................................................................................60
3.8 TAXIING TOTHE HOLDING POINT.........................................................................................................60
3.8.1 CHECK OF ONBOARD APPLIANCES....................................................................................................60
3.8.2 CHECK OF TAXIING AREA....................................................................................................................61
3.8.3 TAXIING TO TAXI-HOLDING POINT ....................................................................................................61
3.9 PRE-TAKEOFF CHECKS ............................................................................................................................63
3.10 ROTOR PRE-ROTATION ............................................................................................................................63
3.11 TAKE-OFF....................................................................................................................................................65
3.11.1 TAKE-OFF WITH CROSS WIND ........................................................................................................67
3.12 LANDING .....................................................................................................................................................69
3.12.1 LANDING WITH CROSSWIND...........................................................................................................69
3.12.2 AFTER LANDING................................................................................................................................69
3.12.3 ENGINE STOP.....................................................................................................................................70
3.12.4 BEFORE LEAVING THE GYROPLANE..............................................................................................70
3.13 UNUSUAL MANOEUVRES........................................................................................................................71
3.13.1 SLOW FLIGHT AND FLIGHT BEHIND THE POWER CURVE.........................................................71
3.13.2 VERTICAL DESCENT..........................................................................................................................71
4 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES..........................................................................................................................73
4.1 GENERAL.....................................................................................................................................................73
4.2 CRITICAL EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.................................................................................................73
4.3 GROUND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..................................................................................................73
4.4 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES DURING TAKEOFF .................................................................................73
4.5 FIRE ON GROUND........................................................................................................................................74
4.6 FIRE IN FLIGHT….........................................................................................................................................74
4.7 ENGINE FAILURE.......................................................................................................................................74
4.8 ENGINE START IN THE FLIGHT...............................................................................................................75
4.8 ABANDONING THE AIRCRAFT................................................................................................................75

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5 OPERATION LIMITS .........................................................................................................................................78
5.1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................................78
5.2 MINIMUM CREW ........................................................................................................................................78
5.3 LIMITATIONS OF POWER.........................................................................................................................78
5.4 ENGINE RUNAWAY...................................................................................................................................78
5.5 SPEED LIMITS.............................................................................................................................................80
5.6 FLIGHT MANOEUVRES LIMITATIONS ..................................................................................................80
5.7 LOAD FACTOR LIMITATIONS..................................................................................................................81
5.8 HEIGHT-VELOCITY ENVELOPE..............................................................................................................81
5.9 C OF G LIMITATIONS.................................................................................................................................81
5.10 LOAD LIMITATIONS..................................................................................................................................81
5.11 FLIGHT LIMITS...........................................................................................................................................81
5.12 EXTERNAL LOADS ....................................................................................................................................82
5.13 TAKEOFF AND LANDING LIMITATIONS...............................................................................................82
5.14 ROTOR RPM MAX LIMIT ..............................................................................................................................82
5.15 ALTITUDE LIMIT .......................................................................................................................................82
6 FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS..........................................................................................................................84
6.1 GENERAL FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................84
6.2 FLIGHT CONTROLS ...................................................................................................................................84
6.3 FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS IN LEVEL CONDITIONS.........................................................................84
6.3.1 LOW SPEED.............................................................................................................................................84
6.3.2 HIGH SPEED AND CRUISING SPEED ..................................................................................................85
7 FLIGHT IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................86
7.1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................................86
7.2 TURBULENCE OR STORMS......................................................................................................................86
7.3 SNOW, ICE, RAIN........................................................................................................................................87
7.3.1 EFFECTS OF SNOW, ICE AND RAIN DURING TAKEOFF ..................................................................88
7.3.2 EFFECTS OF SNOW, ICE AND RAIN DURING LANDING...................................................................88
7.4 LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURES ..........................................................................................................89
7.4.1 PROCEDURES UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS.............................................................89
7.4.2 PROCEDURES UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS...........................................................89
APPENDICES .................................................................................................................................................................90
APPENDIX 1...............................................................................................................................................................91
CG DATA................................................................................................................................................................91
APPENDIX 2...............................................................................................................................................................94
PERFORMANCE DATA.......................................................................................................................................94
APPENDIX 3...............................................................................................................................................................96
HEIGHT VELOCITY DIAGRAM.........................................................................................................................96
APPENDIX 4...............................................................................................................................................................98
MANOEUVRE LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................................................98
APPENDIX 5.............................................................................................................................................................100
ENGINE PARAMETERS....................................................................................................................................100
APPENDIX 6.............................................................................................................................................................103
VOLTMETER DEVICE......................................................................................................................................103

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025-00-16C M16C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue G
02 March 2016
SECTION 1
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 OBJECT
The present manual is intended to give all the necessary information, which the operator flying the M-16 C
gyroplane must comply with in order to satisfy the safety and efficiency requirements.
The instructions provide the pilot with a general knowledge of the gyroplane and of its features, as well as
with a specific knowledge of the normal and emergency operation procedures.
The manual is aimed at experienced pilots and is therefore devoid of any basic flight principle. It does not
substitute a practical training course conducted by a QUALIFIED INSTRUCTOR.
Last, the manual provides the pilot with all the possible procedures necessary to adapt to any circumstance
such as multiple emergencies, adverse meteorological conditions, etc.
1.2 PERMITTED OPERATIONS
The manual gives an approach to all the allowed manoeuvres and operations.
WARNING DANGER:
Unless otherwise specified, unusual manoeuvre, operations and configurations are strictly
forbidden.
All the procedures which are either not discussed or have not been specifically defined as not allowed are to
be considered as allowed.
1.3 LAY-OUT
The manual is divided into 6 sections in order to be more easy to read.
Each section is dedicated to a different subject related to flight operations.
1.4 CHECKLISTS
The manual contains various indexed procedures, which are described with the necessary clarifications or
definitions.
The checklists are published as indexed procedures and are not developed further.