Microtek RouterBOARD 433 Series User manual

RouterBOARD 433 Series
User's Manual
Rev. A (17-Jul-2008)
Copyright
Copyri ht © MikroTikls SIA. This manual contains information protected by copyri ht law. No part of it may
be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from the copyri ht holder.
Trademarks
RouterBOARD, RouterOS, RouterBOOT and MikroTik are trademarks of MikroTikls SIA. All trademarks and
re istered trademarks appearin in this manual are the property of their respective holders.
Limited Warranty
Copyright and Trademarks. Copyri ht 2004-2008 MikroTikls SIA. This manual contains information protected by
copyri ht law. No part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from the
copyri ht holder. RouterBOARD, RouterOS, RouterBOOT and MikroTik are trademarks of MikroTikls SIA. All trademarks
and re istered trademarks appearin in this manual are the property of their respective holders.
Hardware. MikroTikls SIA warrants all RouterBOARD series equipment for the term of one year from the shippin date
to be free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service, except in case of dama e caused by
mechanical, electrical or other accidental or intended dama es caused by improper use or due to wind, rain, fire or other
acts of nature.
If you have purchased your product from a MikroTik Reseller, please contact the Reseller company re ardin all warranty
and repair issues, the followin instructions apply ONLY if you purchased your equipment directly from MikroTik Latvia
To return failed unit or units to MikroTikls you must perform the followin RMA (Return Material Authorization) procedure.
Follow the instructions below to save time, efforts, avoid costs, and improve the speed of the RMA process. Take into
account that all oods have one year warranty. Instructions are located on our webpa e here:
http: rma.mikrotik.com
Manual. This manual is provided “as is” without a warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, includin , but not limited
to, the implied warranty of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The manufacturer has made every effort
to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual, however, it is possible that it may contain technical inaccuracies,
typo raphical or other errors. No liability is assumed for any inaccuracy found in this publication, nor for direct or
indirect, incidental, consequential or other dama es that may result from such an inaccuracy, includin , but not limited
to, loss of data or profits. Please report any inaccuracies found to [e-mail].

RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
Table of Contents
Copyri ht.......................................................................................................................................1
Trademarks....................................................................................................................................1
Limited Warranty............................................................................................................................1
System Board View.........................................................................................................................3
System Board Layout.......................................................................................................................3
Specifications.................................................................................................................................4
Block Dia ram................................................................................................................................4
Hardware Guide..............................................................................................................................5
Memory and Stora e Devices...................................................................................................5
Onboard Memory...........................................................................................................5
Onboard NAND Stora e Device........................................................................................5
Extension Slots......................................................................................................................5
MiniPCI Slots.................................................................................................................5
Input/Output Ports..................................................................................................................5
LAN1 Port with PoE.........................................................................................................5
LAN2 Port.....................................................................................................................5
LAN3 Port.....................................................................................................................5
DB9 Serial Port..............................................................................................................5
Fan Connectors..............................................................................................................5
LEDs.....................................................................................................................................6
Power LED....................................................................................................................6
User LED......................................................................................................................6
User's Guide...................................................................................................................................6
Assemblin the Hardware........................................................................................................6
Powerin ...............................................................................................................................6
Bootin options......................................................................................................................6
Onboard NAND Stora e Device........................................................................................6
Bootin from network.....................................................................................................7
Operatin System Support.......................................................................................................7
System Architecture.......................................................................................................7
MikroTik RouterOS.........................................................................................................7
RouterBOOT...................................................................................................................................7
Boot Loader Confi uration........................................................................................................7
Confi urable Options......................................................................................................8
Boot Loader Up radin ............................................................................................................8
Primary Boot Loader...............................................................................................................8
RouterOS on RouterBOARD 333........................................................................................................9
Health monitor.......................................................................................................................9
Firware information.................................................................................................................9
Firmware Settin s..................................................................................................................9
Software Reset.......................................................................................................................9
Appendix......................................................................................................................................10
Connector Index...................................................................................................................10
Jumper Index.......................................................................................................................11
Button Index........................................................................................................................11
Ethernet Cables....................................................................................................................11
Serial Null-modem (Console) Cable with Loopback.....................................................................11
Board Dimensions.................................................................................................................12
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
System Board View
RB433 RB433AH
System Board Layout
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
RouterBOARD 433 433AH
CPU Atheros AR7130 300MHz / AR7161 680MHz
Memory 64/128MB DDR SDRAM onboard memory
Boot loader RouterBOOT
Data storage 64MB onboard NAND memory chip
Ethernet Three 10/100 Mbit/s Fast Ethernet ports supportin Auto-MDI/X
MiniPCI slot Three MiniPCI Type IIIA/IIIB slots
Serial port One DB9 RS232C asynchronous serial port
LEDs Power and User LED
Beeper Present
Power Power over Ethernet: 10..28V DC (except power over datalines)
Power jack: 10..28V DC
Fan control Two DC fan power output headers with rotation sensor and automatic fan
switchin (maximum output current - 500mA total)
Dimensions 105 mm x 150 mm (4.13 in x 5.91 in)
Weight 140
Temperature Operational: -20°C to +65°C (-4°F to 149°F)
Humidity Operational: up to 70% relative humidity (non-condensin )
Power consumption ~3W without extension cards, maximum – 25W (18W output to extension cards)
Hardware Guide
Memory and Storage Devices
Onboard Memory
The RB433 is equipped with 64 MB DDR SDRAM onboard memory. RB433AH boards are equipped with 128
MB DDR SDRAM onboard memory.
Onboard NAND Storage Device
The boards are equipped with one 64MB NAND nonvolatile memory chip.
Extension Slots
MiniPCI Slots
The board has three MiniPCI Type IIIA slots with 3.3V only power si nalin . They also accept MiniPCI Type
IIIB standard cards. The board has been tested to operate with 3 Ubiquity SR2 hi h power cards if ambient
temperature and adequate coolin is ensured.
NOTE: that RB400 series currently does not support Senao 8602 cards, Atheros AR5211 or older chipset
and Prism chipset based cards. Wireless compression is not supported on RB400 series devices.
Supplied power for the extension cards (excludin CPU and onboard Ethernet ports):
+3.3V: 5.5A max
Inp t/O tp t Ports
LAN1 Port with PoE
This Fast Ethernet port is reco nized as the first LAN interface. It is compatible with passive (non-standard)
Power over Ethernet. The board accepts volta e input from 10 to 28 V DC. It is su ested to use the hi her
volta e for power over lon cables because of better efficiency (less power is lost in the cable itself and
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
power supply is more efficient).
See Connector Index for pinout of the standard cable required for PoE. All cables made to EIA/TIA 568A/B
cable specifications will work correctly with PoE. Note that this port supports automatic cross/strai ht cable
correction (Auto MDI/X), so you can use either strai ht or cross-over cable for connectin to other network
devices.
LAN2 Port
This Fast Ethernet port is reco nized as the second LAN interface. This port does not support Power over
Ethernet.
All cables made to EIA/TIA 568A/B cable specifications will work correctly (see Connector Index for
pinout). Note that this port supports automatic cross/strai ht cable correction (Auto MDI/X), so you can use
either strai ht or cross-over cable for connectin to other network devices.
LAN3 Port
This Fast Ethernet port is reco nized as the third LAN interface. This port does not support Power over
Ethernet.
All cables made to EIA/TIA 568A/B cable specifications will work correctly (see Connector Index for
pinout). Note that this port supports automatic cross/strai ht cable correction (Auto MDI/X), so you can use
either strai ht or cross-over cable for connectin to other network devices.
DB9 Serial Port
The RS232C standard male DB9 asynchronous serial port may be used for initial confi uration, or for
attachin a modem or any other RS232 serial device. TxD (pin 3) of this port has -5V DC power when idle.
Some si nals are not connected, so this implementation may not be considered to support full hardware
flow-control, so software flow-control (XON/XOFF) or none at all should be used.
Fan Connectors
You can connect up to two fans to the RouterBOARD, but only one of them will work at a time. They will
receive the same volta e as the board itself (CAUTION: you may dama e the fans if the input volta e of
the board is out of the fans' operatin ran e). The board supports fan speed feedback si nalin . RouterOS
can be confi ured to chan e the active fan, if the current active one is not rotatin (note that if a fan does
not have rotation sensor, it will be considered failed).
LEDs
Power LED
Power LED is on when the board is powered.
User LED
User LED may be pro rammed at user's option. It is lit by default when the board starts up, then it is turned
off when the bootloader runs kernel.
User's Guide
Assembling the Hardware
First to use the board:
●Insert MiniPCI cards;
●Install the board in a case and connect antenna wires, if needed;
●Connect other peripherals and cables.
You can also order a pre-assembled system with RouterBOARD and extension cards of your choice already
installed in a case.
Powering
Power options:
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
●J9 power jack:
10..28V DC (cut-off volta e - 30V)
●Power over Ethernet (PoE) on the J601 LAN1 Ethernet port:
10..28V DC (18..28 V su ested; cut-off volta e - 30V) non-standard PoE powerin support
The board has a direct-input power jack J801 (5.5mm outside and 2mm inside diameter, female, pin
positive plu ) and can as well be powered with PoE. All power inputs are always active, but only one should
be used at the same time.
RouterBOARD 433 series boards are equipped with a reliable 25W onboard power supply with overvolta e
protection. 12..28 V DC input volta es are accepted, but when powered over lon cables, it is su ested to
use at least 18V. The system is tested with 24V solar/wind/RV systems with 27.6 char e volta e.
Overvoltage protection starts from about 28.1V-29V ±delta (depends on some part physical options,
works up to 60V), so the board will not be dama ed if connected to a 48 or 60 V power line.
RouterBOARD 433 series boards are compatible with non-standard (passive) Power over Ethernet injectors
(except power over datalines) and accept powerin over up to 100m (330 ft) lon Ethernet cable connected
to the Ethernet port (J8). The board does not work with IEEE802.3af compliant 48V power injectors.
The maximum output of the power supply to the extension cards is normally at about 5.5A.
Booting options
First, RouterBOOT loader is started. It displays some useful information on the onboard RS232C
asynchronous serial port, which is set to 115200bit/s, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity by default. The loader
may be confi ured to boot the system from the onboard NAND module or from Ethernet network. See the
respective section of this manual for how to confi ure bootin sequence and other boot loader parameters.
Onboard NAND Storage Device
The RouterBOARD may be started from the onboard NAND stora e chip. As there is no partition table on the
device, the boot loader assumes the first 4MiB form a YAFFS filesystem, and executes the file called “kernel”
stored in the root directory on that partition. It is possible to partition the rest of the medium by patchin
the kernel source.
Booting from network
Network boot works similarly to PXE or EtherBoot protocol, and allows you to boot a RouterBOARD 433
series computer from an executable ima e stored on a TFTP server. It uses BOOTP or DHCP (confi urable in
boot loader) protocol to et a valid IP address, and TFTP protocol to download an executable (ELF) kernel
ima e combined with the initial RAM disk (inserted as an ELF section) to boot from (the TFTP server's IP
address and the ima e name must be sent by the BOOTP/DHCP server).
To boot the RouterBOARD computer from Ethernet network you need the followin :
●An ELF kernel ima e for the loader to boot from (you can embed the kernel parameters and initrd
ima e as ELF sections called kernparm and initrd respectively)
●A TFTP server which to download the ima e from
●A BOOTP/DHCP server (may be installed on the same machine as the TFTP server) to ive an IP
address, TFTP server address and boot ima e name
See the RouterBOOT section on how to confi ure loader to boot from network.
Note that you must connect the RouterBOARD you want to boot, and the BOOTP/DHCP and TFTP servers to
the same broadcast domain (i.e., there must not be any routers between them).
Operating System S pport
System Architect re
RouterBOARD 433 series embedded boards are fully compatible with the standard e300 architecture with
PCI bus.
CPU. RouterBOARD 433 series has Atheros MIPSBE architecture based embedded processor. RB433 has a
Atheros AR7130 300MHz CPU and the RB433AH has a Atheros AR7161 680MHz CPU.
Ethernet. RouterBOARD 433 series has three onboard 10/100 Ethernet ports.
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
MikroTik Ro terOS
MikroTik RouterOS, startin from version 3.0rc1, is fully compatible with RouterBOARD 433 series embedded
boards.
RouterBOOT
The RouterBOOT firmware (also referred as boot loader here) provides minimal functionality to boot an
Operatin System. It supports serial console via the onboard serial port at the boot time. The loader
supports bootin from the onboard NAND device and from a network server (see the respective section for
details on this protocol).
Boot Loader Config ration
Loader parameters may be confi ured throu h the onboard RS232C DB9 asynchronous serial interface. To
connect to it, use a standard null-modem cable. By default, the port is set to 115200bit/s, 8 data bits, 1
stop bit, no parity. Note that the device does not fully implement the hardware (RTS/CTS) flow control, so it
is su ested to try to disable hardware flow control in the terminal emulation pro ram in case the serial
console does not work as expected, and if it does not help, make a new cable usin the pinout iven in the
Appendix.
To enter the loader confi uration screen, press any key (or only [Delete] key (or [Backspace] key – see the
note for the respective confi urable option), dependin on the actual confi uration) just after the boot
loader is askin for it:
RouterBOOT booter 2.9
RouterBoard 433
CPU frequency: 333 MHz
Memory ize: 64 MB
Pre any key within 2 econd to enter etup
RouterBOOT-2.9
What do you want to configure?
d - boot delay
k - boot key
- erial con ole
o - boot device
f - cpu frequency
r - re et configuration
e - format nand
g - upgrade firmware
i - board info
p - boot protocol
t - do memory te ting
x - exit etup
your choice:
To select a menu point, press the key written at the be innin of this line. Pressin [Enter] selects the
option marked with '*'.
Config rable Options
boot delay – how much time to wait for a key stroke while bootin (1..9 seconds; 2 second by default).
boot key – which key will cause the loader to enter confi uration mode durin boot delay (any key |
<Delete> key only; any key by default). Note that in some serial terminal pro rams, it is impossible to use
the [Delete] key to enter the setup – in this case it mi ht be possible to do this with the [Backspace] key.
serial console – to confi ure initial serial console bitrate (1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 38400 |
57600 | 115200; 115200 bps by default).
cpu-frequency – CPU frequency (266MHz | 333MHz; 333MHz by default on RB433. On RB433AH also
available 680MHz and 800MHz. 680MHz default).
boot device – initial boot device (boot over Ethernet | boot from NAND | boot Ethernet once, then NAND;
boot from NAND by default). You can also select boot chosen device option to boot from the device
selected immediately, without savin the settin .
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
reset configuration – whether to reset all the boot loader settin s to their respective default values (yes |
no; no by default).
format nand – perform a low-level NAND format. Durin this operation, all previously marked bad sectors
are retested to find out if they are faulty indeed.
upgrade firmware – receive a new boot loader ima e usin XModem protocol over serial line or usin
DHCP/BOOTP and TFTP protocols throu h the Ethernet network (up rade firmware over ethernet | up rade
firmware over serial port).
board info – prints the serial number, boot loader version, CPU frequency, memory size and MAC addresses
of the onboard Ethernet ports
boot protocol – network bootin protocol (bootp protocol | dhcp protocol; bootp protocol by default).
do memory testing – performs a full memory test.
Boot Loader Upgrading
The boot loader is needed to initialize all the hardware and boot the system up. Newer loader versions mi ht
have support for more hardware, so it's enerally a ood idea to up rade the loader once a newer version is
available. You can up rade the loader throu h the onboard serial port usin XModem protocol (pro rams
available for all major OSs). For example, you can use HyperTerminal for Windows or Minicom for Linux to
upload the boot loader. Alternatively if you have a DHCP/BOOTP and TFTP servers available, you can specify
the loader ima e as a boot ima e and choose the bios upgrade over ethernet option in the boot loader
confi uration menu. The loader will et the ima e from the TFTP server and up rade itself. The most current
loader ima e is available for download on www.routerboard.com.
The boot loader up radin is supported also from MikroTik RouterOS. The procedure is described in the
MikroTik RouterOS manual.
Primary Boot Loader
There are two boot loaders present on the NOR flash memory chip. Secondary is the main one, that is
executed by default. This is the one that can be up raded. In case somethin oes wron in the up rade
process, or you have set some incorrect settin s that render it unusable, you can load the Primary boot
loader by holdin the Software Reset 1 button (S1) or jumper (JP301), connectin the power, and then
releasin the button/jumper. The Primary boot loader has the default settin s, which can not be chan ed. It
is also not possible to up rade it.
RouterOS on RouterBOARD 433
Health monitor
This menu shows the current input volta e and fan status.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem health print
fan-mode: manual
u e-fan: main
active-fan: main
voltage: 18.8
[admin@MikroTik] >
fan-mode – whether to use automatic fan failover (auto | manual; manual by default).
use-fan – which fan to use in manual mode (main | auxiliary; main by default).
Firware information
This menu displays RouterBOARD model number, serial number, the current boot loader version and the
version available in the current software packa es installed.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem routerboard print
routerboard: ye
model: "433"
erial-number: "154201C1DD3C"
current-firmware: "2.16"
upgrade-firmware: "2.16"
[admin@MikroTik] >
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
The firmware version can be up raded usin “ system routerboard upgrade” command, if a new
firmware file has been uploaded to the RouterOS “Files” menu. Also new firmware is present in the
routerboard.npk packa e, which is usually installed by default. In this case new firmware becomes available
after a software up rade. Availability of new BootLoader versions is displayed in “up rade-firmware”
Firmware Settings
Boot loader settin s are also accessible throu h this menu.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem routerboard etting print
baud-rate: 115200
boot-delay: 2
boot-device: nand-if-fail-then-ethernet
enter- etup-on: any-key
cpu-frequency: 680MHz
boot-protocol: bootp
enable-jumper-re et: ye
[admin@MikroTik] >
The Software Reset 2 button (TP2) button, which resets both boot loader settin s and RouterOS settin by
default, can be disabled in this menu (it will still reset the boot loader settin s).
Software Reset
It is possible to reset all software confi uration by short-circuitin the reset-hole durin the power-up (see
ROS reset in layout dia ram). No confirmation or passwords will be asked, so use with caution. This feature
can be disabled in the “system routerboard settings” menu by switchin the “enable-jumper-reset”
parameter to “no”.
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
Appendix
Connector Index
J301 RS232C male DB9 serial port
2 RxD (Receive Data)
3 TxD (Transmit Data)
5 GND
7 RTS (Request to Send)
8 CTS (Clear to Send)
J501 MiniPCI Type type IIIA/B connector 1 (lowest)
J502 MiniPCI Type type IIIA/B connector 2 (middle)
J503 MiniPCI Type type IIIA/B connector 3 (top)
J601 RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base-TX port LAN1 with passive PoE extension
1 Data TX+
2 Data TX-
3 Data RX+
4 PoE power +
5 PoE power +
6 Data RX-
7 PoE power -
8 PoE power -
J602 RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base-TX port LAN3 (no PoE)
1 Data TX+
2 Data TX-
3 Data RX+
6 Data RX-
J603 RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base-TX port LAN2 (no PoE)
1 Data TX+
2 Data TX-
3 Data RX+
6 Data RX-
J801 Power jack (12..28 V DC, positive contact is the central pin)
JP402 DC Fan 2 connector
1 GND
2 +12..+28 V DC (same as input volta e)
3 Rotation speed feedback
JP403 DC Fan 1 connector
1 GND
2 +12..+28 V DC (same as input volta e)
3 Rotation speed feedback
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RouterBOARD 433 Series User's Manual
J mper Index
JP301 Software Reset 1 jumper. Loads the Primary boot loader
B tton Index
S1 Software Reset 1 button. Loads the Primary boot loader
TP2 Software Reset 2 button. Resets boot loader and RouterOS settin s
Ethernet Cables
RJ45
Pin
Color Function RJ45 pin for Straight cable
(MDI, EIA TIA568A)
RJ45 pin for Crossover cable
(MDI-X, EIA TIA568B)
1 Green TX+ Data 1 3
2 Green/White TX- Data 2 6
3 Oran e RX+ Data 3 1
4 Blue - 4 4
5 Blue/White - 5 5
6 Oran e/White RX- Data 6 2
7 Brown - 7 7
8 Brown/White - 8 8
Serial N ll-modem (Console) Cable with Loopback
DB9f Function DB9f DB25f
1 + 4 + 6 CD + DTR + DSR N/C N/C
N/C CD + DTR + DSR 1 + 4 + 6 6 + 8 + 20
2 RxD 3 2
3 TxD 2 3
5 GND 5 7
7 + 8 RTS + CTS 7 + 8 4 + 5
N/C – not connected.
11