Moor Instruments moorLDI2-VR User manual

moorLDI2 USER MANUAL AND REFERENCE
moorLDI2-VR moorLDI2-HR
moorLDI2-IR moorLDI2-HIR
RESEARCH Software Versions 5.3 Issue 4: 06-07-12
User Assistance Information
In case of difficulties which cannot be solved easily by the material within this manual, please
contact your distributor or Moor Instruments directly, quoting the instrument serial number
W o r l d w i d e D e u t s c h l a n d U n i t e d S t a t e s
Moor Instruments Ltd Moor Instruments GmbH Moor Instruments Inc
Millwey RheinAhrCampus Suite #66
Axminster Südallee 2 501 Silverside Rd
Devon Remagen Wilmington
EX13 5HU 53424 DE 19809
UK Deutschland USA
Tel: [phone] Telefon: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Telefax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail] Email: [email protected]
Website: www.moor.co.uk Website: www.moorinstruments.de Website: www.moorinc.com
©2012 Moor Instruments Limited.
All rights reserved.
This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated or be
reproduced on any electronic medium without prior consent from Moor Instruments Limited.
moorLDI is patented: UK No. 2231742, USA No. 5588437, EPC No. 0465524, Israel No. 93909,
Japan No. 3239952.

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
Moor Instruments Ltd
Millwey
Axminster
Devon
EX13 5HU
England
Declares that the medical device described hereafter:
moorLDI2 Laser Doppler Imager
is in conformity with the essential requirements and provisions of Council Directive
93/42/EEC and revisions in accordance with Council Directive 2007/47/EC and is in
conformity with the national standard transposing harmonised standards:
IEC 60601-1: 2005
IEC 60825-1: 2007
is subject to the procedure set out in Annex 2 of Directive 93/42/EEC and revisions in
accordance with Council Directive 2007/47/EC under the supervision of Notified Body
Number 0120, SGS United Kingdom Limited, Unit 202B, Worle Parkway, Weston-Super-
Mare, Somerset BS22 6WA.
Axminster, England 06
th
July 2012
___________________________
Xiabing Huang
Managing Director
on behalf of Moor Instruments Ltd

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SAFETY..................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND INTENDED USE ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2 LASER SAFETY ................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 LASER SAFETY moorLDI2-VR AND moorLDI2-HR................................................................................... 2
1.2.1.1 Training ................................................................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.2 Unauthorised Access.............................................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.3 Warning Signs.......................................................................................................................................................3
1.2.1.4 Safety During Operation.......................................................................................................................................3
1.2.2 LASER SAFETY moorLDI2-IR AND moorLDI2-HIR................................................................................... 4
1.2.2.1 Laser Protective Eyewear .....................................................................................................................................4
1.2.2.2 Laser Safety Officer ..............................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2.3 Warning Signs.......................................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2.4 Training ................................................................................................................................................................5
1.2.2.5 Reducing Laser Radiation Hazards......................................................................................................................5
1.2.2.6 Key Control...........................................................................................................................................................6
1.2.2.7 Remote Interlock Connector .................................................................................................................................6
1.3 BEAM DELIVERY SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 LASER WARNING LABELS............................................................................................................................... 8
1.5 ELECTRICAL SAFETY LABELS ........................................................................................................................ 9
1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS .................................................................................................................. 10
1.7 WARNINGS / CAUTION DO'S AND DON'TS .................................................................................................. 10
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION...................................................................................................................................... 11
3. MOORLDI2 UNPACKING AND ASSEMBLY................................................................................................... 15
3.1 STAND ASSEMBLY........................................................................................................................................... 15
3.1.1 SUMMARY CLINICAL MOBILE STAND – moorLDI-MS2 ....................................................................... 15
3.1.2 BASIC STAND (moorLDI-BS1) .................................................................................................................. 16
3.1.3 DESKTOP STAND (moorLDI-DS2) ........................................................................................................... 16
3.2 UNPACKING THE SCAN HEAD....................................................................................................................... 17
3.3 INSTALLATION OF F6C FRAMEGRABBER CARD (ANALOGUE CAMERA MODEL) ........................ 17
3.4 INSTALLATION OF FIREWIRE CARD (FIREWIRE CAMERA MODEL) ..................................................... 18
3.5 CABLE CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 19
3.5.1 CABLING.................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.5.2 MOBILE STAND AND CABLING .............................................................................................................. 26
3.6 THE COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE INSTALLATION .................................................................................. 27
3.6.1 COMPUTER SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................... 27
3.6.2 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION AND REGISTRATION................................................................................ 27
3.7 BEFORE FIRST USE........................................................................................................................................... 32
3.8 TRANSPORTATION .......................................................................................................................................... 32
4. THE LASER DOPPLER TECHNIQUE............................................................................................................... 33
4.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................ 33
4.2 SPATIAL VARIATION OF PERFUSION .......................................................................................................... 33
4.3 PRINCIPLES OF THE LASER DOPPLER IMAGING TECHNIQUE ............................................................... 33
4.4 ELEMENTS OF THE MOOR LDI2........................................................................................................................ 34
4.4.1 THE LASER SOURCE................................................................................................................................ 34
4.4.2 THE MIRROR............................................................................................................................................. 34
4.4.3 OPTICS AND LIGHT DETECTION........................................................................................................... 34
4.4.4 OPTIC WINDOW........................................................................................................................................ 34
4.5 THE LASER DOPPLER PROCESSING ALGORITHM..................................................................................... 35
5. INTRODUCTION TO MOORLDI2 SOFTWARE.............................................................................................. 37
5.1 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.2 GETTING STARTED WITH THE MOOR LDI2..................................................................................................... 39

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5.3 CHANGING SCAN PARAMETERS .................................................................................................................. 40
5.4 MOORLDI2-HR AND MOORLDI2-HIR SCAN DISTANCE AND SCAN SPEED........................................... 40
6. MOORLDI2 SET UP.............................................................................................................................................. 41
6.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................ 41
6.2 MOOR LDI2 IMAGE SCAN CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................. 42
6.2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 42
6.2.2 SPEED OF IMAGING ................................................................................................................................ 42
6.2.3 SIZE OF IMAGE......................................................................................................................................... 42
6.3 SCANNER SET-UP ............................................................................................................................................. 42
6.3.1 IMAGE SCAN ............................................................................................................................................. 42
6.3.1.1 Scan Size, Area and Resolution ..........................................................................................................................43
6.3.2 VIDEO AND DISTANCE............................................................................................................................ 44
6.3.2.1 Mark Beam..........................................................................................................................................................45
6.3.2.2 Distance Measurement and CCD Size ................................................................................................................45
6.3.3 REPEAT AND LINE SCAN SETUP............................................................................................................ 46
6.3.3.1 Repeat Scan Setup...............................................................................................................................................46
6.3.3.2 Line Scan Setup ..................................................................................................................................................47
6.3.4 GENERAL WINDOW OF SCANNER SETUP............................................................................................... 47
6.3.4.1 Bandwidth...........................................................................................................................................................47
6.3.4.2 Normalisation .....................................................................................................................................................48
6.3.4.3 Background (BK) Threshold ..............................................................................................................................48
6.3.4.4 Auto BK Set........................................................................................................................................................48
6.3.4.5 Hood Mirror Option ...........................................................................................................................................48
6.3.4.6 Gain Levels .........................................................................................................................................................48
6.3.4.7 Auto Gain...........................................................................................................................................................49
6.3.4.8 Reading (RU) ......................................................................................................................................................50
6.3.4.9 Scan ...................................................................................................................................................................50
6.3.4.10 Abort .........................................................................................................................................................................50
6.3.4.11 Save Configuration ....................................................................................................................................................50
6.3.5 SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 51
6.3.5.1 Single Point Setup...............................................................................................................................................51
6.3.5.2 Monitoring Duration ..........................................................................................................................................51
6.4 S ETUP : P REFERENCE S ETUP .................................................................................................................................... 52
7. SINGLE IMAGE SCAN......................................................................................................................................... 54
7.1 TO START ........................................................................................................................................................... 54
7.2 SAVING AN IMAGE SCAN ............................................................................................................................... 55
7.3 IMAGE DISPLAY IN MEASUREMENT MODE............................................................................................... 55
8. REPEAT AND LINE SCAN MEASUREMENT.................................................................................................. 57
8.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................ 57
8.2 REPEAT AND LINE SCAN SET UP .................................................................................................................. 57
8.2.1 REPEAT INTERVAL................................................................................................................................... 57
8.2.2 NUMBER OF SCANS ................................................................................................................................. 57
8.3 REPEAT SCAN START ...................................................................................................................................... 58
8.4 REPEAT SCAN DISPLAY DURING MEASUREMENT................................................................................... 59
8.5 REPEAT LINE SCAN START ........................................................................................................................... 60
8.6 IONTOPHORESIS.......................................................................................................................................... 60
9. SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENT (SPM) ......................................................................................................... 61
9.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................ 61
9.2 POSITIONING OF BEAM FOR SPM ................................................................................................................. 61
9.3 BEAM MOVEMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 61
9.4 BEAM MOVEMENT RELATIVE TO PHOTO IMAGE .................................................................................... 61
9.5 SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENT WINDOW.................................................................................................. 61
9.6 DISTANCE - MOOR LDI2-TO-TISSUE................................................................................................................ 62
9.7 SINGLE POINT CONFIGURATION.................................................................................................................. 62
9.8 AUTOGAIN......................................................................................................................................................... 63
9.9 SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENT - START..................................................................................................... 63
9.10 SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENT - FILE STORE....................................................................................... 64

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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10. IMAGE REVIEW ................................................................................................................................................... 65
10.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 65
10.2 S UMMARY OF I MAGE P ROCESSING U TILITIES ................................................................................................... 65
10.3 OPENING FILES AND IMAGE DISPLAY ..................................................................................................... 68
10.3.1 PHOTO IMAGE DISPLAY .................................................................................................................... 68
10.3.2 FLUX IMAGE DISPLAY........................................................................................................................ 68
10.3.3 FLUX AND PHOTO IMAGE DISPLAY................................................................................................. 69
10.4 VIEW............................................................................................................................................................... 69
10.4.1 ASPECT ................................................................................................................................................. 69
10.4.2 UNITS .................................................................................................................................................... 69
10.4.2.1 Units – Relative Units (RU) .......................................................................................................................................69
10.4.2.2 Units – Perfusion Units (PU)....................................................................................................................................69
10.4.3 PALETTE ............................................................................................................................................... 70
10.4.4 IMAGE INFORMATION.............................................................................................................................. 71
10.4.5 PASTE FLUX IMAGE............................................................................................................................ 72
10.4.6 ZOOM IN ............................................................................................................................................ 73
10.4.6 ZOOM IN ............................................................................................................................................ 73
10.5 PREFERENCE OPTIONS (F OR I MAGE R EVIEW ) ........................................................................................... 73
11. IMAGE PROCESSING ........................................................................................................................................... 74
11.1 RELOAD.............................................................................................................................................................. 74
11.2 INTERPOLATE................................................................................................................................................... 74
11.3 NORMALISE.................................................................................................................................................. 74
11.4 ROTATE OR FLIP................................................................................................................................................ 75
11.5 ADJUST SETTINGS....................................................................................................................................... 75
11.5.1 DISTANCE................................................................................................................................................... 75
11.5.2 BACKGROUND THRESHOLD ................................................................................................................... 75
11.6 SMOOTH ............................................................................................................................................................. 76
11.7 AVERAGE ........................................................................................................................................................... 76
11.8 SUBTRACT ......................................................................................................................................................... 76
11.9 CONSTANT (+,-, X ,/) ........................................................................................................................................... 77
11.9.1 ADD CONSTANT.......................................................................................................................................... 77
11.9.2 SUBTRACT CONSTANT.............................................................................................................................. 77
11.9.3 MULTIPLY CONSTANT ............................................................................................................................... 77
11.9.4 DIVIDE CONSTANT..................................................................................................................................... 77
11.10 THRESHOLD/ CUT ............................................................................................................................................ 78
12 FILE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 79
12.1 SAVED IMAGE FILE FORMATS ................................................................................................................. 79
12.2 REDEFINE LDI FILE ..................................................................................................................................... 80
12.3 PRINT REPORT ............................................................................................................................................. 81
13 REPEAT SCAN PROCESSING............................................................................................................................ 82
13.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 82
13.2 REPEAT SCAN DISPLAY ............................................................................................................................. 82
13.3 SEPARATE IMAGE DISPLAY...................................................................................................................... 83
13.4 RE-DEFINE REPEAT FILE............................................................................................................................ 83
14. REGION OF INTEREST ....................................................................................................................................... 84
14.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 84
14.2 REGION OF INTEREST (ROI): ROI TOOLBAR .......................................................................................... 84
14.3 DEFINING ROI’ S - GENERAL ...................................................................................................................... 85
14.4 ZOOM IN ........................................................................................................................................................ 85
14.5 POLYGON ROI .............................................................................................................................................. 85
14.6 CIRCULAR ROI ............................................................................................................................................. 86
14.7 SAVING ROI .................................................................................................................................................. 86
15. IMAGE ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................................ 87
15.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 87

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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15.1.1 TYPES OF IMAGE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................. 87
15.1.2 PIXEL VALUES .................................................................................................................................... 87
15.2 STATISTICS - SINGLE IMAGE SCAN......................................................................................................... 88
15.2.1 FILE - SAVE .......................................................................................................................................... 88
15.2.2 FILE - APPEND .................................................................................................................................... 88
15.2.3 FILE - PRINT......................................................................................................................................... 89
15.2.4 FILE – EXIT........................................................................................................................................... 89
15.2.5 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................................................... 89
15.3 HISTOGRAM ................................................................................................................................................. 89
15.3.1 HISTOGRAM LIMITS............................................................................................................................ 90
15.3.2 BIN NUMBER ........................................................................................................................................ 91
15.3.3 OTHER FEATURES .............................................................................................................................. 91
15.3.4 SAVE HISTOGRAM RESULTS.............................................................................................................. 91
15.4 PROFILE......................................................................................................................................................... 92
15.4.1 INSERTING PROFILE LINES............................................................................................................... 92
15.4.2 PROFILE DISPLAY............................................................................................................................... 92
15.4.3 THICKNESS OF PROFILE LINE.......................................................................................................... 93
15.4.4 PROFILE AMPLITUDE ........................................................................................................................ 93
15.4.5 PROFILE FILE SAVE, APPEND AND PRINT...................................................................................... 93
16 REPEAT IMAGE ANALYSIS............................................................................................................................... 95
16.1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 95
16.1.1 IMAGE SUBTRACTION ........................................................................................................................ 95
16.1.2 STATISTICS – REPEAT SCAN .............................................................................................................. 96
16.1.3 HISTOGRAM: REPEAT SCAN.............................................................................................................. 97
16.1.4 PROFILE: REPEAT SCAN.................................................................................................................... 98
16.2 SAVING RESULTS OF REPEAT IMAGES .................................................................................................. 99
16.3 REPEAT LINE ANALYSIS............................................................................................................................ 99
17. TRACE REVIEW (SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENTS) .............................................................................. 101
17.1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................... 101
17.2 SINGLE POINT MEASUREMENT DISPLAY............................................................................................ 101
17.3 TRACE SCROLLING ................................................................................................................................... 103
17.4 SPM ANALYSIS........................................................................................................................................... 103
17.4.1 SPM TRACE VALUES ............................................................................................................................... 103
17.4.2 SPM DATA - BLOCK MARKING ............................................................................................................... 103
17.4.3 SPM STATISTICS ................................................................................................................................ 104
17.5 SPM TRACE PRINTOUT............................................................................................................................. 104
17.6 SPM STATISTICS PRINTOUT ........................................................................................................................ 104
17.7 SPM STATISTICS - SAVING RESULTS ......................................................................................................... 104
18. TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................................................................................................... 105
18.1 NO FLUX IMAGE DURING ACQUISITION.............................................................................................. 105
18.2 SLOW COMPUTER RESPONSE................................................................................................................. 105
18.3 LOSS OF COMMUNICATION WITH COMPUTER .................................................................................. 106
19 CALIBRATION AND STABILITY .................................................................................................................... 108
19.1 MOOR LDI V1.0 CALIBRATION GUIDE ..................................................................................................... 108
19.1.1 Set-up ........................................................................................................................................................... 108
19.1.2 Calibration................................................................................................................................................... 108
19.2 MOOR LDI V2.0 CALIBRATION GUIDE ..................................................................................................... 110
19.2.1 Calibration kit contents................................................................................................................................ 110
19.2.2 Installing mount ........................................................................................................................................... 110
19.2.3 Installing arm............................................................................................................................................... 111
19.2.4 Performing calibration ................................................................................................................................ 111
19.2.5 Remove calibration kit ................................................................................................................................. 113
19.2.6 Calibration kit care...................................................................................................................................... 113
19.3 THE DISTANCE FACTOR .......................................................................................................................... 114
19.4 STABILITY TESTING ................................................................................................................................. 118

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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20. MAINTENANCE .................................................................................................................................................. 119
20.1 LASER OUTPUT POWER ........................................................................................................................... 119
20.2 LASER BEAM PROPERTIES ...................................................................................................................... 119
20.3 MECHANICAL CHECKS ............................................................................................................................ 119
20.4 OPERATION OF THE SOLENOID ACTUATED OPTICAL ATTENUATOR .......................................... 120
20.5 LEADS .......................................................................................................................................................... 120
20.6 CLEANING................................................................................................................................................... 120
20.7 CALIBRATION AND STABILITY ............................................................................................................. 121
21. ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATABILITY.................................................................................................... 122
21.1 CABLING ..................................................................................................................................................... 122
21.2 GUIDANCE AND MANUFACTURER’S DECLARATION – ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS...... 122
21.3 GUIDANCE AND MANUFACTURERS DECLARATION – ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY ....... 123
22. SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................................................................................... 126
23. RETURNS PROCEDURE.................................................................................................................................... 130
23.1 DECONTAMINATION................................................................................................................................ 130
24. WARRANTY AND SERVICE POLICY ............................................................................................................ 131
24.1 S ERVICE D UE W ARNING ................................................................................................................................. 131
25. ACCESSORIES..................................................................................................................................................... 132
26. DISPOSAL............................................................................................................................................................. 133
APPENDIX 1. PREPARING YOUR MOORLDI2 IMAGER FOR THE NEW SOFTWARE ............................... 134
APPENDIX 2. MOORLDI/IONTOPHORESIS USER MANUAL V5 ...................................................................... 143
2.1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................. 143
2.2 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF MOOR LDI / IONTOPHORESIS...................................................................... 143
2.2.1 Protocol Duration..................................................................................................................................... 143
2.2.2 Period of Iontophoresis ............................................................................................................................ 143
2.2.3 Iontophoresis Protocol Configuration...................................................................................................... 144
2.3 PAUSE FUNCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 145
2.4 MANUAL IONTOPHORESIS........................................................................................................................... 145
2.5 PROTOCOL ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................... 146
2.6 RECOMMENDATIONS AND PROTOCOLS .................................................................................................. 147
2.6.1 Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................... 147
2.6.2 Protocol 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 147
2.6.3 Protocol 1 Analysis................................................................................................................................... 148
2.6.4 Protocol 2 ................................................................................................................................................. 148
2.6.5 Protocol 2 Analysis................................................................................................................................... 148
APPENDIX 3. PRINTOUTS FROM PROCESSING.................................................................................................. 149
INDEX ............................................................................................................................................................................. 154

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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1. SAFETY
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND INTENDED USE
The ‘Moor Instruments moorLDI2 User Manual’ reference for the following imager types:
moorLDI2-VR Visible red laser Class 3R
moorLDI2-IR Near infra-red laser Class 3R
moorLDI2-HR High Resolution version of moorLDI2-VR Class 3R
moorLDI2-HIR High Resolution version of moorLDI2-IR Class 3R
(NB: Separate User Manuals are available for the dual wavelength types moorLDI2-2λand
moorLDI2-HR2λ)
The moorLDI2 laser Doppler imager scans a low power laser beam in a raster pattern over skin or
other exposed tissue surface. The beam is either a single visible beam, or a near infra-red beam in
combination with a visible red aiming beam.
Moving blood in the microvasculature causes a Doppler frequency broadening of the scattered laser
light. Some of this scattered light is photodetected in the imager, and then electronically and digitally
processed to build up a colour coded image display of blood flow. The measurement is non-contact
and can quantify differences in flow within a single image and/or image repetitively to assess
evolving flow patterns over time. Up to 256 x 256 individual blood flow measurements are made for
each image recorded. For the VR and IR versions of the imager the measurement resolution is
0.2mm to 2mm, with scanning distances between the instrument aperture and the tissue surface of
20cm to 100cm. For the high resolution imagers HR and HIR versions of the imager which employ a
focussed beam, the maximum resolution is 0.1mm at a measurement distance of 25cm.
The moorLDI2 laser Doppler imagers are intended for measurement of blood flow in the
microcirculation e.g. blood flow in the small blood vessels of the skin. It is suitable for a wide range
of clinical research applications including plastic surgery, diabetes, dermatology, vascular surgery,
wound healing, neurology, physiology, neurosurgery and rheumatology.
1.2 LASER SAFETY
This section can only act as a guide to the user, for full details of mandatory and recommended safety
precautions consult IEC 60825-1:2007 Safety of Laser Products.
This instrument must be installed and operated according to CAN/CSA-Z386-01: Laser Safety
in Health Care Facilities.
CAUTION - Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those
specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
All versions of the moorLDI2 imager are classified as Type 3R.
The instruments are classified as per IEC 60825-1:2007 and as per US 21 CFD 104.10 and 1040.11
except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No. 50 dated June 24, 2007.

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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1.2.1 LASER SAFETY moorLDI2-VR AND moorLDI2-HR
The laser light source in these moorLDI2 scanners is a Helium-Neon visible red gas laser (633nm).
The maximum accessible power is 2.5mW for instruments using the gas laser.
For the VR type the beam divergence is approximately 1.4 milliradians, with a beam diameter (1/e
2
points) at 50cm from the laser aperture of approximately 1.2mm.
The ocular hazard distance is 25m.
For the HR type the laser beam is focussed to a spot size of approximately 0.1mm at 25cm from the
laser aperture.
The ocular hazard distance is 25m.
The level of laser radiation is below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) for skin but it
presents a significant hazard if the eye is exposed to the full power of the laser beam, either by direct
viewing along the beam, or by specular reflection.
The blink reflex of the eye provides a measure of protection, however direct viewing of the beam
should be avoided.
1.2.1.1 Training
Only persons who have received training to an appropriate level should be placed in control of the
moorLDI2. The training, which may be given by the manufacturer or supplier of the system, the
Laser Safety Officer, or by an approved external organization, should include, but is not limited to:
a. Familiarisation with system operating procedures.
b. The proper use of hazard control procedures and warning signs.
c. The need for personal protection.
d. Accident reporting procedures.
e. Bio-effects of the laser on the eye and the skin.
1.2.1.2 Unauthorised Access
When the moorLDI2 is not in use by authorised personnel, measures should be taken to prevent
unauthorised use. This will normally be achieved by storage in a locked area.

MOOR INSTRUMENTS moorLDI2 RESEARCH USER MANUAL
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DANGER
Laser
Hazard
1.2.1.3 Warning Signs
The entrance to areas where the moorLDI2 is to be used should be posted with appropriate warning
signs:
No Unauthorised Entry
1.2.1.4 Safety During Operation
It is not generally necessary for the patient to wear protective eyewear; however the patient must
always have eye protection if the patient's face is to be scanned. It is not necessary for trained
operators to wear protective eyewear.
Operating the single wavelength visible beam moorLDI2:
The laser should only be operated in a controlled area and direct eye exposure (i.e. viewing along the
beam) must be avoided.
To reduce the possibility of direct eye exposure to the patient, operators or other persons authorised
to be present when the moorLDI2 is operated:
a. The laser beam should be directed below eye level wherever practicable, e.g. directing the
beam downwards.
b. If the measurement requires the beam to be directed other than downwards, e.g. the beam
closer to the horizontal than the vertical, a screen should be placed close behind the body
being scanned such that if the laser light beam is missing the body it is stopped by the screen.
A dark cloth screen is recommended. If a suitable screen is not available the body should be
scanned with a wall as background. During a measurement no personnel other than the person
being scanned should be present in the area between the scanner and the screen or wall.
c. Care should be taken to prevent unintentional specular reflections. Any metallic or other
highly reflective surfaces must be removed from the area to be scanned or covered with
material to produce diffuse reflection, e.g. removal or taping over of rings etc.