MTD 400 Series User manual

MTD LLC, P.O. BOX 361131 CLEVELAND, OHIO 44136-0019
Printed In USA





Op e r a t O r ’sMa n u a l
Form No. 769-04436
(October 16, 2008)


Customer Support
Please do NOT return the machine to the retailer or dealer without first contacting our Customer Support Department.
If you have difficulty assembling this product or have any questions regarding the controls, operation, or maintenance of
this machine, you can seek help from the experts. Choose from the options below:
Visit us on the web at www.mtdproducts.com◊
Call a Customer Support Representative at [phone] or [phone]◊
◊
Thank you for purchasing a garden tiller manufactured by
MTD LLC. It was carefully engineered to provide excellent
performance when properly operated and maintained.

It instructs you how to safely and easily set up, operate and

persons who will operate the machine, carefully follow the
recommended safety practices at all times. Failure to do so could
result in personal injury or property damage.
All information in this manual is relative to the most recent
product information available at the time of printing. Review
this manual frequently to familiarize yourself with the machine,

Manual may cover a range of product specifications for various
models. Characteristics and features discussed and/or illustrated
in this manual may not be applicable to all models. MTD LLC
reserves the right to change product specifications, designs and
equipment without notice and without incurring obligation.
If you have any problems or questions concerning the machine,
phone a authorized MTD service dealer or contact us directly.

and mailing address can be found on this page. We want to
ensure your complete satisfaction at all times.
Throughout this manual, all references to right and left side of the
machine are observed from the operating position.
Thank You
Record Product Information

locate the model plate on the equipment and record the
information in the provided area to the right. You can locate the

down at the rear of the tiller. This information will be necessary,
should you seek technical support via our web site, Customer
Support Department, or with a local authorized service dealer.
MO d e l nu M b e r
se r i a l nu M b e r
To The Owner 1
2
Safe Operation Practices ........................................ 3
Assembly & Set-Up .................................................. 7
Controls & Features................................................10
Operation................................................................12
Maintenance & Adjustments.................................17
Engine Maintenance............................................. 20
Service .................................................................... 24
Troubleshooting .................................................... 26
Replacement Parts ................................................ 27
Warranty................................................................ 28
Table of Contents

Important Safe Operation Practices 2
3
Training
Read, understand, and follow all instructions on the1.
machine and in the manual(s) before attempting to
assemble and operate. Keep this manual in a safe place for
future and regular reference and for ordering replacement
parts.
2.
Know how to stop the machine and disengage them
quickly.
Never allow children under 14 years of age to operate this3.
machine. Children 14 and over should read and understand
the instructions and safe operation practices in this manual
and on the machine and be trained and supervised by an
adult.
Never allow adults to operate this machine without proper4.
instruction.
Keep the area of operation clear of all persons, particularly5.
small children and pets. Stop machine if anyone enters the
area.
Preparation
Thoroughly inspect the area where the equipment is to1.
be used. Remove all stones, sticks, wire, and other foreign
objects which could be tripped over and cause personal
injury.
Wear sturdy, rough-soled work shoes and close fitting2.
slacks and shirt. Loose fitting clothes or jewelry can be
caught in moving parts. Never operate this machine in bare
feet or sandals.
Disengage clutch levers and shift (if provided) into neutral3.
(“N”) before starting the engine.
Never leave this machine unattended with the engine4.
running.
Never attempt to make any adjustments while engine is5.
running, except where specifically recommended in the

Safe Handling of Gasoline:
To avoid personal injury or property damage use extreme care
in handling gasoline. Gasoline is extremely flammable and the
vapors are explosive. Serious personal injury can occur when
gasoline is spilled on yourself or your clothes which can ignite.
Wash your skin and change clothes immediately.
Use only an approved gasoline container.a.
Never fill containers inside a vehicle or on a truckb.
or trailer bed with a plastic liner. Always place
containers on the ground away from your vehicle
before filling.
This symbol points out important safety instructions which, if not followed,
could endanger the personal safety and/or property of yourself and others. Read and follow
all instructions in this manual before attempting to operate this machine. Failure to comply
with these instructions may result in personal injury.
When you see this symbol. 
This machine was built to be operated according to the safe operation practices in
this manual. As with any type of power equipment, carelessness or error on the part of the
operator can result in serious injury. This machine is capable of amputating fingers, hands,
toes and feet. Failure to observe the following safety instructions could result in serious
injury or death.

Engine Exhaust, some of its constituents, and certain vehicle components
contain or emit chemicals known to State of California to cause cancer and birth defects
or other reproductive harm.

compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive
harm. Wash hands after handling

4se c t i O n 2 — iM p O r t a n t sa f e Op e r a t i O n pr a c t i c e s
After striking a foreign object, stop the engine, disconnect11.
the spark plug wire and ground against the engine.
Thoroughly inspect the machine for any damage. Repair
the damage before starting and operating.
Disengage all clutch levers (if fitted) and stop engine12.
before you leave the operating position (behind the
handles). Wait until the tines come to a complete stop
before unclogging the tines, making any adjustments, or
inspections.
Never run an engine indoors or in a poorly ventilated area.13.
Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide, an odorless
and deadly gas.
Muffler and engine become hot and can cause a burn. Do14.
not touch.
Use caution when tilling near fences, buildings and15.
underground utilities. Rotating tines can cause property
damage or personal injury.
Do not overload machine capacity by attempting to till soil16.
too deep at too fast of a rate.
If the machine should start making an unusual noise or17.
vibration, stop the engine, disconnect the spark plug wire
and ground it against the engine. Inspect thoroughly for
damage. Repair any damage before starting and operating.
Keep all shields, guards, and safety devices in place and18.
operating properly.
Never pick up or carry machine while the engine is running.
Use only attachments and accessories approved by the20.
manufacturer. Failure to do so can result in personal injury.
If situations occur which are not covered in this manual, use21.
care and good judgement. Contact Customer Support for
assistance and the name of you nearest servicing dealer..
Maintenance & Storage
Keep machine, attachments and accessories in safe1.
working order.
Allow a machine to cool at least five minutes before2.
storing. Never tamper with safety devices. Check their
proper operation regularly.
Check bolts and screws for proper tightness at frequent3.
intervals to keep the machine in safe working condition.
Also, visually inspect machine for any damage.
4.
and make certain the tines and all moving parts have
stopped. Disconnect the spark plug wire and ground it
against the engine to prevent unintended starting.
Do not change the engine governor settings or over-speed5.
the engine. The governor controls the maximum safe
operating speed of engine.
Maintain or replace safety and instruction labels, as6.
necessary.
Follow this manual for safe loading, unloading,7.
transporting, and storage of this machine.
8.
if the machine is to be stored for an extended period.
When practical, remove gas-powered equipmentc.
from the truck or trailer and refuel it on the ground.
If this is not possible, then refuel such equipment on
a trailer with a portable container, rather than from a
gasoline dispenser nozzle.
Keep the nozzle in contact with the rim of the fueld.
tank or container opening at all times until fueling is
complete. Do not use a nozzle lock-open device.
Extinguish all cigarettes, cigars, pipes and othere.
sources of ignition.
Never fuel machine indoors.f.
Never remove gas cap or add fuel while the engineg.
is hot or running. Allow engine to cool at least two
minutes before refueling.
Never over fill fuel tank. Fill tank to no more than ½h.
inch below bottom of filler neck to allow space for
fuel expansion.
Replace gasoline cap and tighten securely.i.
If gasoline is spilled, wipe it off the engine andj.
equipment. Move unit to another area. Wait 5
minutes before starting the engine.
To reduce fire hazards, keep machine free of grass,k.
leaves, or other debris build-up. Clean up oil or fuel
spillage and remove any fuel soaked debris.
Never store the machine or fuel container insidel.
where there is an open flame, spark or pilot light
as on a water heater, space heater, furnace, clothes
dryer or other gas appliances.
Operation
Do not put hands or feet near rotating parts. Contact with1.
the rotating parts can amputate hands and feet.
Do not operate machine while under the influence of2.
alcohol or drugs.
Never operate this machine without good visibility or light.3.
Always be sure of your footing and keep a firm hold on the
handles.
Keep bystanders away from the machine while it is in4.
operation. Stop the machine if anyone enters the area.
5.
in the ground and propel the tiller forward. If this occurs,
let go of the handle bars and do not restrain the machine.
Exercise extreme caution when operating on or crossing6.
gravel surfaces. Stay alert for hidden hazards or traffic. Do
not carry passengers.
Never operate the machine at high transport speeds on7.
hard or slippery surfaces.
Exercise caution to avoid slipping or falling.8.
Look down and behind and use care when in reverse or
pulling machine towards you.
Start the engine according to the instructions found in this10.
manual and keep feet well away from the tines at all times.

se c t i O n 2 — iM p O r t a n t sa f e Op e r a t i O n pr a c t i c e s
If the fuel tank has to be drained, do this outdoors.
10.
etc. to protect the environment.
11.

this product has an Average Useful Life of seven (7) years,
or 130 hours of operation. At the end of the Average Useful
Life have the machine inspected annually by an authorized
service dealer to ensure that all mechanical and safety
systems are working properly and not worn excessively.
Failure to do so can result in accidents, injuries or death.
Notice Regarding Emissions
Engines which are certified to comply with California and federal

are certified to operate on regular unleaded gasoline, and
may include the following emission control systems: Engine

Injection (SAI) and Three Way Catalyst (TWC) if so equipped.
Spark Arrestor
This machine is equipped with an
internal combustion engine and should not be used
on or near any unimproved forest-covered,
brushcovered or grass-covered land unless the

arrester meeting applicable local or state laws (if
any).
If a spark arrester is used, it should be maintained in effective
working order by the operator. In the State of California the


apply on federal lands.
A spark arrester for the muffler is available through your
nearest engine authorized service dealer or contact the service


6se c t i O n 2 — iM p O r t a n t sa f e Op e r a t i O n pr a c t i c e s
Safety Symbols
This page depicts and describes safety symbols that may appear on this product. Read, understand, and follow all instructions on the
machine before attempting to assemble and operate.
Symbol Description

Read, understand, and follow all instructions in the manual(s) before attempting to
assemble and operate

Do not put hands or feet near rotating parts. Contact with the rotating parts can amputate
hands and feet.

Do not put hands or feet near rotating parts. Contact with the rotating parts can amputate
hands and feet.

Allow the engine to cool at least two minutes before refueling.

Never run an engine indoors or in a poorly ventilated area. Engine exhaust contains carbon
monoxide, an odorless and deadly gas.

Engine parts, especially the muffler, become extremely hot during operation. Allow engine
and muffler to cool before touching.
 Your Responsibility—Restrict the use of this power machine to persons who read, understand and
follow the warnings and instructions in this manual and on the machine.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS!

4.
careful not to overtighten this hardware.
With the handle in the desired position, tighten the handle-5.
crank adjustment rod at this time.
Attaching the Cables
To attach the cables, follow these steps:
Route thetwo cables along the handle assemblyon the right-1.
hand side.
Connect the reverse cable (Red) to the reverse cable2.
control by feeding the z-hook through the hole on the
reverse cable control from the inside towards the outside.
Refer to Fig. 3-2 on the following page.
3.
by feeding the z-hook through the hole on the clutch bail
from the outside towards the inside. See Fig. 3-2.
Note: Test the function of the reverse clutch by pulling the
reverse handle and releasing it. The handle should return

for technical assistance.
To Test the function of the forward drive bail, lift the bail
to the handle and release it. The bail should return to its

technical assistance.
To prevent personal injury or property
damage, do not start the engine until all assembly
steps are complete and you have read and


Assembly
Unpacking Instructions
NOTE: While unpacking, do not severely bend any of the control
cables.
The tiller is heavy, do not attempt to remove it from1.
the shipping platform until instructed to do so in these
Assembly steps.
Remove all parts from the carton. Check that you have the2.
items listed in the Contents of Carton list (contact your
local dealer or the factory if items are missing or damaged).
Remove any packaging material from the carton. Remove3.
any staples from the bottom of the carton and remove the
carton from the shipping platform.
Handle
NOTE: All references to the right or left side of the tiller are from

Install the handle onto the tiller using the hardware pre-1.
installed on the handle mounting brackets. This consists of
a 5/16-18 x 3.00” hex bolt, a handle crank assembly, retainer
bracket and two 5/16-18 flange lock nuts. Remove this
hardware from the handle mounting brackets on the tiller.
Insert the handle into the handle mounting brackets, lining2.
up the pre-drilled holes. Insert the 5/16-18 x 3.00” hex bolt
in the bottom hole from the left hand side through to the

bracket over the hex bolt and secure loosely with a bell
washer and 5/16-18 flange lock nut removed earlier.
Note: The bell washer should be positioned with the top
of the bell shape towards the hex nut which will create
tension and further secure the flange lock nut once
tightened. Do not tighten this hardware at this time.
Install the handle-crank adjustment rod into the top hole of3.
the mounting bracket from the left hand side of the handle
assembly, secure with the other flange lock nut previously
removed. Fit the hex end of the retainer bracket over the
flange lock nut. See Fig. 3-1.
Contents of Carton
   

Assembly & Set-Up 3
7

Snap the cable housing clips into the handle4.
assembly cable mount as seen here. The red
clip (reverse cable) fits into the top position
on the handle assembly, while the black clip
(forward/clutch cable) feeds into the lower
position on the handle assembly. See Fig. 3-2.
Clip the cables into the cable guides located on the handle5.
assembly panel as seen in Fig. 3-3.
Move Tiller Off Crate
To roll the tiller off the shipping platform, put the wheels in
freewheel, if they are not already from the factory, as follows:
1.
about 1” off the ground. Remove the click pin from the
wheel hub and wheel shaft. See Fig. 3-4.
Slide the wheel fully inward on the wheel shaft . Reinstall the2.
click pin through the wheel shaft only (not through the
wheel hub). See Fig. 3-4. The wheel should now spin freely
(freewheel) on the wheel shaft. Repeat with the other
wheel.
Use the handlebar to roll the tiller to a flat area.3.
NOTE: 


Set-Up
Tire Pressure
Check the air pressure with a tire gauge. Deflate or inflate the

NOTE: 
pull to one side.
Gas & Oil Fill Up
Use extreme care when handling
gasoline. Gasoline is extremely flammable and the
vapors are explosive. Never fuel the machine
indoors or while the engine is hot or running.
Extinguish cigarettes, cigars, pipes and any other
sources of ignition.
Oil

included in the plastic bag packed the manual in with the
unit. Add the oil as directed below. Check oil level before each
operation to ensure adequate oil in the engine. For further
instructions, refer to the steps in the Engine Maintenance section
of this manual.
Adding Oil Before the Unit’s First Use
Remove the oil filler cap/dipstick.1.
Add the contents of the oil container packed in with the2.













8se c t i O n 3 — as s e M b l y & se t -up

Note: Recommended oil to use in the future is 10W-30, with
a minimum classification of SF/SG), added to the unit until

dipstick.
Note: 
engine smoking, hard starting or spark plug fouling.
Replace and tighten the fill cap/dipstick firmly.3.
Checking the Oil Before Each Use
NOTE: 
engine stopped.
Remove the oil filler cap/dipstick and wipe the dipstick1.
clean.
Insert the cap/dipstick into the oil filler neck, but do not2.
screw it in.
Remove the oil filler cap/dipstick. If the level is low, slowly3.
add oil (10W-30, with a minimum classification of SF/SG)

Note: 
engine smoking, hard starting or spark plug fouling.
Replace and tighten cap/dipstick firmly before starting4.
engine.
Gasoline
Use automotive gasoline (unleaded or low leaded to minimize
combustion chamber deposits) with a minimum of 87 octane.


dirty gasoline. Avoid getting dirt, dust, or water in the fuel tank.

Refuel in a well-ventilated area with the engine stopped.
Do not smoke or allow flames or sparks in the area where
the engine is refueled or where gasoline is stored.
Do not overfill the fuel tank. After refueling, make sure the
tank cap is closed properly and securely.

fuel vapor may ignite. If any fuel is spilled, make sure the
area is dry before starting the engine.
Avoid repeated or prolonged contact with skin or
breathing of vapor.
Use extreme care when handling
gasoline. Gasoline is extremely flammable and the
vapors are explosive. Never fuel the machine
indoors or while the engine is hot or running.
Extinguish cigarettes, cigars, pipes and other
sources of ignition.
Clean around fuel fill before removing cap to fuel.1.
A fuel level indicator is located inside of the fuel tank. Fill2.

to overfill.
Transmission/Gear Oil

you should check the gear oil level at this time to make certain it
is correct.
NOTE: Do not operate the tiller if the gear oil level is low. Doing
so will result in severe damage to the transmission components.
With the tiller on level ground, pull the Depth Regulator1.
Lever back and then all the way up until the lowest notch in
the lever is engaged. See Fig. 3-5.
Remove the oil fill plug from the transmission housing2.
cover and locate the main drive shaft situated inside the
housing. See Fig. 3-6.
The gear oil level is correct if the gear oil is approximately3.
halfway up the side of the main drive shaft.
If the oil level is low, refer to the Maintenance &4.
Adjustments Section for instructions on adding gear oil.



9se c t i O n 3 — as s e M b l y & se t -up


Recoil Starter Handle
This handle is used to start the engine.
Throttle Control
The throttle control is located on the front of the engine. It
regulates the speed of the engine and will shut off the engine

Choke Control
The choke control is found on the rear of the engine and is

Activating the choke control closes the choke plate on the
carburetor and aids in starting the engine.
Air Filter
The air filter is a device on the engine air intake that prevents
dust and dirt entering the engine.



Tines
















in this manual and on the decals on the machine. Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious personal injury.
Controls and Features 4
10

Muffler
Engine exhaust exits the engine via the muffler.
Fuel Cap
Unscrew the fuel cap to add gasoline to the fuel tank . This unit
runs on regular gas.
Oil Fill Cap & Dipstick
Engine oil level can be checked and oil added through the oil fill.
NOTE: 
is included in the plastic bag packed the manual in with the unit.
Add the oil as directed in the Setup section. Check the oil level
before each operation to ensure adequate oil is in the engine. For
further instructions, refer to the steps in the Engine Maintenance
section of this manual.
Reverse Handle

halts the tines from engaging.
Forward Clutch Bail & Tine Engagement
The forward clutch bail controls the engagement of the forward
drive of the wheels and tines.
Depth Regulator Lever

back and slide it up or down to engage the notched height
settings.
Handlebar Height Adjustment
The handlebar height is adjustable to three different settings. In
general, adjust the handlebars so they are at waist level when the
tines are 3-4” in the ground.
Rear Tine Shield
The rear tine shield protects the operator from flying debris
while also smoothing out freshly tilled soil.
Side Shield
The side shield is used to maintain clear even rows and may be
adjusted to one of five different positions.
Tines

power-driven shaft.
Wheel Drive Pins
Each wheel is equipped with a wheel drive click pin that secures
the wheel to the wheel shaft. The wheels can be positioned in

Oil Drain
Removing the oil drain plug will drain the oil from the engine.
11se c t i O n 4 — cO n t r O l s a n d fe a t u r e s


carefully read and understand this manual and all of
its safety, operating and maintenance sections and
instructions, along with all of the decals on the
machine. Failure to follow these instructions can
result in serious personal injury.
Introduction

of this manual before you start the engine. Then, take the time
to familiarize yourself with the basic operation of the tiller before
using it in the garden.
Find an open, level area and practice using the tiller controls
without the tines engaging the soil (put tines in “transport”
setting).

should you begin using it in the garden.
To Put The Tines in Transport:


release the bracket (C).
Break-In Operation

new operation (see Maintenance Sections in this manual).
Change engine oil.1.
Check for loose or missing hardware on unit. Tighten or2.
replace as needed.
Check transmission gear oil level.3.
Starting And Stopping
Pre-Start Checklist
With the spark plug wire disconnected from the spark plug,
perform the following checks and services before each use:
Read the Safety and Controls Sections in this manual. Read1.
the Engine Maintenance section in this manual.
2.
must be through holes in wheel hubs and wheel shaft).
Check unit for loose or missing hardware. Service as3.
required.
Check engine oil level. See Engine Maintenance section.4.
Check that all safety guards and covers are in place.5.
Check air cleaner and engine cooling system. See the6.
Engine Maintenance section.




gasoline safety instructions can result in serious
personal injury and property damage.
Fill the fuel tank with gasoline according to the directions7.
in the Assembly & Set-Up section of this Manual. Follow all
instructions and safety rules carefully.
Attach spark plug wire to spark plug.8.
Starting the Engine
To help prevent serious personal injury
or damage to equipment, put both wheels in the



hold back the tiller and the tines could propel the


releasing the lever.
Never run the engine indoors or in an
enclosed, poorly ventilated area. Engine exhaust
contains carbon monoxide, an odorless and deadly
gas. Avoid the engine muffler and nearby areas.
Temperatures in these areas may exceed 150° F.
1.
2.
Move the Depth Regulator Lever all the way down to the3.
“transport” position, so that the tines clear the ground.
Release all of the controls on the tiller.4.
A
B
C

Operation 5
12

5.
“FAST” or “Rabbit” position.
Move the Choke into the Choke position.6.
7.
pulling the starter rope handle. Then use the recoil starter
to start the engine. When the engine starts, gradually move

Use the “FAST” throttle speed setting when tilling.8.
Stopping the Engine
To stop the wheels and tines, release the Forward Clutch1.

To stop the engine, put the throttle control lever in the2.

To Engage Drive & Tines
For forward motion of the wheels and power to the tines1.

Release the bail to stop the forward motion of wheels and
tines.
When tilling, relax and let the wheels pull the machine2.
while the tines dig. Walk behind and a little to one side of
the tiller. Use one hand, yet keep a light — but secure —
grip on the handlebar while keeping your arm loose.
Let the tiller move at its own pace and do not push down3.
on the handlebars to try and force the tines to dig deeper
— this takes weight off the wheels and reduces traction.
Do not push down on the handlebars
to try to make the tiller till more deeply. This
prevents the wheels from holding the tiller back and
can allow the tines to rapidly propel the tiller
forward, which could result in loss of control,
property damage, or personal injury.

a.
handlebar until the tines are off the ground.
b.
with the machine
Note: In reverse mode, the tines will reverse
rotation.
If longer distances need to be covered in reverse,c.
shut off the engine, then place the two wheels in

Turning the Tiller
1.
careful to keep your feet and legs away from the tines.
To begin a turn, lift the handlebars until the tines are out2.
of the ground and the engine and tines are balanced over
the wheels.
With the tiller balanced, push sideways on the handlebar to3.
steer in the direction of the turn. After turning, slowly lower
the tines into the soil to resume tilling.
Setting The Depth
Tilling depth is controlled by the depth stake which can be
adjusted to five different settings. Adjust the side shields as you
adjust the depth stake.

disconnected and grounded against the engine
when performing any adjustments.
When using the tiller for the first time, use the second
adjustment hole from the top (1” of tilling depth).
When breaking up sod and for shallow cultivation, use the
setting which gives 1” of tilling depth (second hole from

For further depth, raise the depth stake and side shields
and also make one or two more passes over the area.
When tilling loose soil, the depth stake may be raised to its
highest position (use bottom adjustment hole) to give the
deepest tilling depth. Raise the side shields to their highest
position.
To transport tiller, lower the depth stake (use top
adjustment hole).
To adjust the depth stake, pull back on the depth adjustment

desired position, see Fig. 5-1, then release the bracket (C).
To adjust the side shields, remove the wing nuts. Move the side
shield to the desired position and replace the wing nuts. Tighten
securely. See Fig. 5-2.

13se c t i O n 5 — Op e r a t i O n

Adjusting the Handle Height
The handle should be adjusted so that when the tiller is digging
3-4” into the soil, the handle falls to about waste-high. To adjust
handle, simply loosen the handle adjustment crank, move the
handle to the desired height and retighten the adjustment crank.
See Fig. 5-3.
Clearing the Tines
The tines have a self-clearing action which eliminates most

stringy stalks or tough vines may become tangled. Follow
these procedures to help avoid tangling and to clear the
tines, if necessary.
To reduce tangling, set the depth regulator deep enough
to get maximum “chopping” action as the tines chop the
material against the ground. Also, try to till under crop
residues or cover crops while they are green, moist and
tender.
While tilling, try swaying the handlebars from side to side
(about 6” to 12”). This “fishtailing” action often clears the
tines of debris.

the engine, allow all moving parts to stop and
disconnect the spark plug wire. Failure to follow this
warning could result in personal injury.
Tilling Tips & Techniques
Tilling Depth

or utilities company and inquire if underground
equipment or lines are used on your property. Do
not till near buried electric cables, telephone lines,
pipes or hoses.
This is a CRT (counter-rotating tine) tiller. As the wheels
pull forward, the tines rotate backward. This creates an
“uppercut” tine action which digs deeply, uprooting soil



slightly on the handlebar (one hand, palm up, works most
easily).
Avoid the temptation to push down on the handlebars in
an attempt to force the tiller to dig deeper. Doing so takes
the weight off the powered wheels, causing them to lose
traction. Without the wheels to hold the tiller back, the
tines will attempt to propel the tiller backward, towards the
operator.
When cultivating (breaking up the surface soil around the
plants to destroy weeds, see Fig. 5-4), adjust the tines to
dig only 1” to 2” deep. Using the shallow tilling depth helps
prevent injury to the plants whose roots often grow close
to the surface. If needed, lift up on the handlebars slightly
to prevent the tines from digging too deeply. (Cultivating
on a regular basis not only eliminates weeds, it also loosens
and aerates the soil for better moisture absorption and
faster plant growth.) Watering the garden area a few days
prior to tilling will make tilling easier, as will letting the
newly worked soil set for a day or two before making a
final, deep tilling pass.


14 se c t i O n 5— Op e r a t i O n

Choosing Correct Wheel & Tine Speeds
With experience, you will find the tilling depth and tilling speed
combination that is best for your garden. Set the engine throttle
lever at a speed to give the engine adequate power and yet
allow it to operate at the slowest possible speed until you have
achieved the maximum tilling depth you desire. Faster engine
speeds may be desirable when making final passes through the
seedbed or when cultivating. Selection of the correct engine
speed, in relation to the tilling depth, will ensure a sufficient
power level to do the job without causing the engine to labor.
Suggested Tilling Patterns
When preparing a seedbed, go over the same path twice in
the first row, then overlap one-half the tiller width on the
rest of the passes. See Fig. 5-5.
When finished in one direction, make a second pass at a

best results (in very hard ground, it may take three or four
passes to thoroughly pulverize the soil.)
If the garden size will not permit lengthwise and then
crosswise tilling, then overlap the first passes by one-half
a tiller width, followed by successive passes at one-quarter
width. See Fig. 5-7.
Tilling on a Slope
Do not operate the tiller on a slope too
steep for safe operation. Till slowly and be sure you
have good footing. Never permit the tiller to
freewheel down slopes. Failure to follow this
warning could result in personal injury.
Till only on moderate slopes, never on steep ground where1.
the footing is difficult.
Tilling up and down slopes is recommended over terracing.2.
Tilling vertically on a slope allows maximum planting area
and also leaves room for cultivating.
NOTE: When tilling on slopes, be sure the correct oil level
is maintained in the engine (check every one-half hour
of operation). The incline of the slope will cause the oil to
slant away from its normal level and this can starve engine
parts of required lubrication. Keep the motor oil level at the
full point at all times.
Tilling Up and Down a Slope
To keep soil erosion to a minimum, be sure to add enough1.
organic matter to the soil so that it has good moisture-
holding texture and try to avoid leaving footprints or wheel
marks.
When tilling vertically, try to make the first pass uphill2.
as the tiller digs more deeply going uphill than it does
downhill. In soft soil or weeds, you may have to lift the
handlebars slightly while going uphill. When going
downhill, overlap the first pass by about one-half the width
of the tiller.

1
2
3


se c t i O n 5 — Op e r a t i O n

Terrace Gardening
To create a terrace, start at the top of the slope and work1.
down. Go back and forth across the first row as shown in
Fig. 5-8.
Eachsucceedinglowerterraceisstartedbywalkingbelowthe2.
terrace you are preparing. For added stability of the tiller,
always keep the uphill wheel in the soft, newly tilled soil.
Do not till the last 12” or more of the downhill outside
edge of each terrace. This untilled strip helps prevent the
terraces from breaking apart and washing downhill. It also
provides a walking path between the rows.
Loading & Unloading the Tiller
Loading and unloading the tiller into a
vehicle is potentially hazardous and doing so is not
recommended unless absolutely necessary, as this
could result in personal injury or property damage.

guidelines given next.

for all parts to stop moving, disconnect the spark plug wire
and let the engine and muffler cool.
The tiller is too heavy and bulky to be safely lifted by one
person. Two or more people should share the load.
Use sturdy ramps and manually — with the engine shut
off — roll the tiller into and out of the vehicle. Two or more
people are needed to do this.
The ramps must be strong enough to support the
combined weight of the tiller and any handlers. The ramps
should provide good traction to prevent slipping; they
should also have side rails to guide the tiller along the
ramps; and they should have a locking device to secure
them to the vehicle.
The handlers should wear sturdy footwear that will help to
prevent slipping.

as possible (the less incline to the ramp, the better). Turn

When going up the ramps, stand in the normal operating

each side to turn the wheels.
When going down the ramps, walk backward with the tiller
following you. Keep alert for any obstacles behind you.

tiller. Never go down the ramps tiller-first, as the tiller could
tip forward.

if you need to stop the tiller from rolling down the ramp.
Also, use the blocks to temporarily keep the tiller in place
on the ramps (if necessary), and to chock the wheels in
place after the tiller is in the vehicle.
After loading the tiller, prevent it from rolling by engaging

with blocks and securely tie the tiller down.
1
2
3
12" UNTILLED
1REPEAT
DOWNHILL
UPHILL

16 se c t i O n 5— Op e r a t i O n


the machine, shut off the engine, wait for all moving
parts to come to a complete stop, disconnect the
spark plug wire and move the wire away from the
spark plug. Failure to follow these instructions can
result in serious personal injury or property damage.
Maintenance
Engine
Refer to the Engine Maintenance section for all engine
maintenance.
Tire Pressure
Check the air pressure in both tires. The air pressure should

prevent machine from pulling to one side.
Hardware
Check for loose or missing hardware after every 10 operating
hours and tighten or replace — as needed — before reusing the
tiller

secure the transmission cover and the Depth Regulator Lever to
the transmission.
Air Filter
The air cleaner filters dirt and dust out of the air before it enters

air filter can cause poor performance and damage to the engine.
Never operate the engine without the air cleaner installed.
Inspect and service the air cleaner more often if operating in
very dusty or dirty conditions. Refer to the Engine Maintenance
section for air cleaner service intervals and instructions.
Maintenance Schedule

After first

Before







See


Check Motor Oil Level P P
Clean Engine P P
Check Drive Belt Tension P P
Check Nuts and Bolts P P
Change Motor Oil P P
Lubricate Tiller P
Service Engine Air Cleaner System P
Check Gear Oil Level in Transmission P
Check Tines for Wear P
Check Air Pressure in Tires P
Service Spark Plug P
Maintenance & Adjustments 6
17

Transmission Gear Oil
Check the transmission gear oil after every 30 hours of operation

the transmission is low on oil can result in severe damage.

Check the gear oil level when the transmission is cool. Gear1.
oil will expand in warm operating temperatures and this
expansion will provide an incorrect oil level reading.
With the tiller on level ground, pull the Depth Regulator2.
Lever all the way up.
Remove the oil fill plug from the transmission housing and3.
look inside the oil fill hole to locate the main drive shaft
situated below the hole. See Fig. 6-1.
The gear oil level is correct if the gear oil is approximately4.
halfway up the side of the main drive shaft.
If the gear oil level is low, add gear oil as described next. If5.
the gear oil level is okay, securely replace the oil fill plug.
6.
or GL-5 gear oil having a viscosity of SAE 140, SAE 85W-140

GL-4 gear oil having a viscosity of SAE 85W-140 or SAE 140.
While checking frequently to avoid overfilling, slowly add7.
gear oil into the oil fill hole until it reaches the halfway
point on the drive shaft.
Securely replace the oil fill plug.8.
Lubrication
After every 10 operating hours, oil or grease the lubrication
points shown in Fig. 6-2 and described below.
Use clean lubricating oil (#30 weight motor oil is suitable)
and clean general purpose grease (grease containing a metal
lubricant is preferred, if available).
Remove the wheels, clean the wheel shaft and apply a thin
coating of grease.
Grease the back, front and sides of the depth regulator
lever.
Remove the tines and clean the tine shaft. Use a file or
sandpaper to gently remove any rust, burrs or rough spots
(especially around the holes in the shaft). Apply grease to
the ends of the shaft before installing the tines.

and the handlebar attaching screws.



t

r


18 se c t i O n 6— Ma i n t e n a n c e & ad j u s t M e n t s

Off-Season Storage

for storage as follows:
Clean the tiller and engine.1.
Do routine tiller lubrication and check for loose parts and2.
hardware.
3.
maintenance by following the storage instructions found

fuel lines, carburetor and fuel tank from gum deposits
by removing fuel or by treating fuel with a fuel stabilizer
(follow the engine maintenance recommendations).
Store the tiller in a clean, dry area.4.
Never store the tiller with fuel in the fuel tank in an5.
enclosed area where gas fumes could reach an open flame
or spark, or where ignition sources are present (space
heaters, hot water heaters, furnaces, etc.).
19se c t i O n 6 — Ma i n t e n a n c e & ad j u s t M e n t s

Maintenance Schedule
First 5 Hours Each Use or
Every 5 Hrs.
Every Season
or 25 Hours
Every Season
or 50 Hours
Every Season
or 100 Hours
Service
Dates
Check Engine Oil Level P
Change Engine Oil P P
Check Air Cleaner P
Service Air Cleaner P
Check Spark Plug P
Replace Spark Plug P
Clean around muffler P

if high level performance is to be maintained. Regular
maintenance will also ensure a long service life. The required
service intervals and the kind of maintenance to be performed
are described in the table above. Follow the hourly or calendar
intervals, whichever occur first. More frequent service is required
when operating in adverse conditions.
Shut off the engine before performing
any maintenance. To prevent accidental start-up,
disconnect the spark plug boot.
NOTE: If engine must be tipped to transport equipment or to
inspect or remove grass, keep spark plug side of engine up.
Transporting or tipping engine spark plug down may cause
smoking, hard starting, spark plug fouling, or oil saturation of air
cleaner.
If the engine has been running, the

muffler.
Oil
NOTE: Check the oil level before each use and after every five
hours of operation to be sure correct oil level is maintained.
Check oil level regularly.
See the Assembly & Set-Up Section for instructions on how
to properly check the oil.
Changing the Oil
NOTE: 
stopped. Drain the oil while the engine is still warm to assure
rapid and complete draining.
Drain fuel from tank by running engine until the fuel tank is1.

Remove drain plug and allow oil to drain into a suitable2.
container. See Fig. 6-1.

drain oil, drain fuel from tank by running engine
until fuel tank is empty.
Engine Maintenance 7
20