NXP Semiconductors FRDM-KL46Z User manual

Freescale Semiconductor Inc.
Microcontroller Solutions Group
FRDM-KL46Z User’s Manual
FRDM-KL46Z-UM
Rev. 1.0

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc FRDM-KL46Z Page 2 of 17
Table of Contents
1FRDM-KL46Z Overview .........................................................................................................................3
2References documents ..........................................................................................................................3
3Getting started..........................................................................................................................................3
4FRDM-KL46Z Hardware Overview ....................................................................................................4
5FRDM-KL46Z Hardware Description................................................................................................7
5.1.1 Power Supply .......................................................................................................................................................................................7
5.1.2 Serial and Debug Adapter (OpenSDA) ......................................................................................................................................9
5.1.3 Clock source....................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.4 USB Interface..................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.5 Serial Port ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.6 Reset...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.7 Debug.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.8 Segment LCD ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.1.9 Capacitive Touch Slider................................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.1.10 Three-axis Accelerometer ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.1.11 Three-axis Digital Magnetometer.......................................................................................................................................... 14
5.1.12 LEDs.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
5.1.13 Visible light sensor....................................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.1.14 Input/Output Connectors ......................................................................................................................................................... 16
5.1.15 Arduino Compatibility................................................................................................................................................................ 17

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1FRDM-KL46Z Overview
The Freescale Freedom development platform is a set of software and hardware tools for evaluation and
development. It is ideal for rapid prototyping of microcontroller-based applications. The Freescale Freedom
KL46Z hardware, FRDM-KL46Z, is a simple, yet sophisticated design featuring a Kinetis L series microcontroller,
built on the ARM® Cortex™-M0+ core.
FRDM-KL46Z can be used to evaluate the KL46, KL36, KL26 and KL16 Kinetis L series devices. It features a
MKL46Z256VLL4, this device boasting a max operating frequency of 48MHz, 256KB of flash, 32KB RAM, a full-
speed USB controller, segment LCD controller, and loads of analog and digital peripherals. The FRDM-KL46Z
hardware is form-factor compatible with the Arduino™ R3 pin layout, providing a broad range of expansion
board options. The on-board interfaces includes a 4 digit segment LCD, a 3-axis digital accelerometer,
magnetometer, capacitive touch slider, and ambient light sensor.
The FRDM-KL46Z features the Freescale open standard embedded serial and debug adapter known as OpenSDA.
This circuit offers several options for serial communications, flash programming and run-control debugging.
2References documents
The table below provides a list of reference documents for the FRDM-KL46Z hardware. All of these documents
are available online at www.freescale.com/FRDM-KL46Z.
Table 1. FRDM-KL46Z Reference Documents
Filename
Description
FRDM-KL46Z Quick Start Package
Quick Start Guide and supporting files for getting started with
the FRDM-KL46Z.
FRDM-KL46Z User’s Manual
This document—overview and detailed information for the
FRDM-KL46Z hardware.
FRDM-KL46Z Pinouts
Spreadsheet of pin connections for all MCU pins. Includes
pinout for the I/O headers, Arduino R3 compatibility chart,
and OpenSDA MCU pinout.
FRDM-KL46Z Schematics
PDF schematics for the FRDM-KL46Z hardware
FRDM-KL46Z Design Package
Zip file containing all design source files for the FRDM-KL46Z
hardware
OpenSDA User’s Guide
Overview and instructions for use of the OpenSDA embedded
3Getting started
Refer to the FRDM-KL46Z Quick Start Package for step-by-step instructions for getting started with the FRDM-
KL46Z. See the Jump Start Your Design section on http://www.freescale.com/FRDM-KL46Z for the Quick Start
Package and software lab guides.

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4FRDM-KL46Z Hardware Overview
The features of the FRDM-KL46Z include>
MKL46Z256VLLZ4 MCU (48 MHz, 256KB Flash, 32 KB RAM, Low power, 100LQFP package)
Dual role USB interface with mini-B USB connector
Open SDA
4 digit segment LCD module
Capacitive touch slider
Ambient light sensor
MMA8451Q accelerometer
MAG3110 Magnetometer
2 user LEDs
2 user push buttons
Flexible power supply options –USB, coin cell battery, external source
Battery-ready, power-measurement access points
Easy access to MCU I/O via Arduino ™ R3 compatible I/O connectors
Programmable OpenSDA debug interface with multiple applications available including:
oMass storage device flash programming interface
oP&E Debug interface provides run-control debugging and compatibility with IDE tools
oCMSIS-DAP interface: new ARM standard for embedded debug interface
oData logging application
Arduino R3 compatibility
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the FRDM-KL46Z design. The primary components and their placement on
the hardware assembly are pointed out in Figure 2.

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Figure 1. FRDM-KL46Z block diagram

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Figure 2. FRDM-KL46Z main components placement.

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5FRDM-KL46Z Hardware Description
5.1.1 Power Supply
There are multiple power supply options on the FRDM-KL46Z. It can be powered from either of the USB
connectors, the VIN pin on the I/O header, an on-board coin cell battery, or an off-board 1.71-3.6V supply
from the 3.3V pin on the I/O header. The USB and VIN supplies are regulated on-board using a 3.3V linear
regulator to produce the main power supply. The other two sources are not regulated on-board. Table 2
provides the operational details and requirements for the power supplies.
Table 2. FRDM-KL46 Power Requirements
Supply Source
Valid Range
OpenSDA Operational?
Regulated on-
board?
OpenSDA USB
5V
Yes
Yes
K20 USB
5V
No
Yes
VIN Pin
4.3-9V
No
Yes
3.3V Pin
1.71-3.6V
No
No
Coin Cell
Battery
1.71-3.6V
No
No
Note that the OpenSDA circuit is only operational when a USB cable is connected and supplying power to
OpenSDA USB. However, protection circuitry is in place to allow multiple sources to be powered at once.
Figure 3- Power Supply Schematic

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Table 3. FRDM-KL46Z Power Supplies
Power Supply Name
Description
P5-9V_VIN
Power supplied from the VIN pin of the I/O headers (J9 pin 16). A
Schottky diode provides back drive protection.
P5V_SDA
Power supplied from the OpenSDA USB connector A Schottky
diode provides back drive protection.
P5V_KL46Z
Power supplied from the KL46Z USB connector A Schottky diode
provides back drive protection.
P3V3_VREG
Regulated 3.3V supply. Sources power to the P3V3 supply rail
through a back drive protection Schottky diode. 1
P3V3_BATT
Coin cell battery supply voltage. Sources power to the P3V3
supply rail through a back drive protection Schottky diode.
P3V3
Main supply rail for FRDM-KL46Z assembly. May be sourced from
P3V3_VREG, P3V3_BATT, or directly from the I/O headers (J9 pin
8)
P3V3_KL46Z
KL46Z MCU supply. Header J17 provides a convenient means for
energy consumption measurements. 2
P3V3_SDA
OpenSDA circuit supply. Header J9 provides a convenient means
for energy consumption measurements. 2
P5V_USB
Nominal 5V supplied to the I/O headers (J3 pin 10). Sourced from
either the P5V_K20D50M or P5V_OSDA supply through a back
drive protection Schottky diode.
NOTES:
1) By default the linear regulator, U1, is a 3.3V output regulator. However, this is a common footprint that
would allow the user to modify the assembly to utilize an alternative device such as a 1.8V or 2.5V
regulator. The KL46 microcontroller has an operating range of 1.71V to 3.6V
2) J17 and J9 are not populated by default. The two pins of these headers are shorted together by a trace on
the bottom layer of the PCB. To measure the energy consumption of either the KL46 or the OpenSDA
MCU, the trace between these pins must first be cut. A current probe or a shunt resistor and voltage meter
can then be applied to measure the energy consumption on these rails.

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5.1.2 Serial and Debug Adapter (OpenSDA)
OpenSDA is an open-standard serial and debug adapter. It bridges serial and debug communications between a
USB host and an embedded target processor as shown in Figure 4. The hardware circuit is based on a Freescale
Kinetis K20 family microcontroller (MCU) with 128 KB of embedded flash and an integrated USB controller.
OpenSDA features a mass storage device (MSD) bootloader, which provides a quick and easy mechanism for
loading different OpenSDA Applications such as flash programmers, run-control debug interfaces, serial-to-USB
converters, and more. Refer to the OpenSDA User’s Guide for more details.
Figure 4. OpenSDA High-Level Block Diagram
OpenSDA is managed by a Kinetis K20 MCU built on the ARM® Cortex™-M4 core. The OpenSDA circuit includes a
status LED (D8) and a pushbutton (SW2). The pushbutton asserts the Reset signal to the KL46 target MCU. It can
also be used to place the OpenSDA circuit into Bootloader mode. SPI and GPIO signals provide an interface to
either the SWD debug port of the K20. Additionally, signal connections are available to implement a UART serial
channel. The OpenSDA circuit receives power when the USB connector J13 is plugged into a USB host.
Debug Interface
Signals with SPI and GPIO capability are used to connect directly to the SWD of the KL46. These signals are also
brought out to a standard 10-pin (0.05”) Cortex Debug connector (J11). It is possible to isolate the KL46 MCU
from the OpenSDA circuit and use J11 to connect to an off-board MCU. To accomplish this, cut the trace on the
bottom side of the PCB that connects J18 pin 2 to J11 pin 2. This will disconnect the SWD_CLK pin to the KL46 so
that it will not interfere with the communications to an off-board MCU connected to J11.

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Figure 5 SWD Debug Connector
Note that J11 is not-populated by default. A Samtec FTSH-105-02-F-D or compatible connector can be added to
the J11 through-hole connector. A mating cable, such as a Samtec FFSD IDC cable, can then be used to connect
from the OpenSDA of the FRDM-KL46Z to an off-board SWD connector.
Virtual Serial Port
A serial port connection is available between the OpenSDA MCU and pins PTA1 and PTA2 of the KL46. Several of
the default OpenSDA Applications provided by Freescale, including the MSD Flash Programmer and the P&E
Debug Application, provide a USB Communications Device Class (CDC) interface that bridges serial
communications between the USB host and this serial interface on the K20.
5.3 MKL46Z4 Microcontroller
The target microcontroller of the FRDM-KL46Z is the KL462Z256VLL4, a Kinetis L series device in an 100 LQFP
package. The KL46Z MCU features include:.
32-bit ARM Cortex-M0+ core
oup to 48 MHz operation
oSingle-cycle fast I/O access port

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Memories
256 KB flash
32 KB SRAM
System integration
oPower management and mode controllers
oLow-leakage wakeup unit
oBit manipulation engine for read-modify-write peripheral operations
oDirect memory access (DMA) controller
oComputer operating properly (COP) Watchdog timer
Clocks
oClock generation module with FLL and PLL for system and CPU clock generation
o4 MHz and 32 kHz internal reference clock
oSystem oscillator supporting external crystal or resonator
oLow-power 1kHz RC oscillator for RTC and COP watchdog
Analog peripherals
o16-bit SAR ADC w/ DMA support
o12-bit DAC w/ DMA support
oHigh speed comparator
o
Communication peripherals
oOne Integrated Interchip Sound(I2S) Audio Interface(SAI)
oTwo 8-bit Serial Peripheral Interfaces (SPI)
oUSB dual-role controller with built-in FS/LS transceiver
oUSB voltage regulator
oTwo I2C modules
oOne low-power UART and two standard UART modules
Timers
oOne 6-channel Timer/PWM module
oTwo 2-channel Timer/PWM modules
o2-channel Periodic Interrupt Timer (PIT)
oReal time clock (RTC)
oLow-power Timer (LPT)
oSystem tick timer
Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI)
oSegment LCD controller. Maximum segment is 8X47 or 4x51.
oGeneral purpose input/output controller
oCapacitive touch sense input interface hardware module

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5.1.3 Clock source
The Kinetis KL46 microcontrollers feature an on-chip oscillator compatible with three ranges of input crystal or
resonator frequencies: 32-40 kHz (low freq. mode), 3-8 MHz (high freq. mode, low range) and 8-32 MHz (high
freq. mode, high range). The KL46Z256on the FRDM-KL46Z is clocked from an 8 MHz crystal..
5.1.4 USB Interface
The Kinetis KL46 microcontrollers feature a dual-role USB controller with on-chip full-speed and low-speed
transceivers. The USB interface on the FRDM-KL46Z is configured as a full-speed USB device.
VREGIN must be powered to enable the internal circuitry of USB (by jumper J7)
5.1.5 Serial Port
The primary serial port interface signals are PTA1 UART0 RX and PTA2 UART0_TX. These signals are connected
the OpenSDA
5.1.6 Reset
The RESET signal on the K20 is connected externally to a pushbutton, SW2, and also to the OpenSDA circuit. The
reset button can be used to force an external reset event in the target MCU. The reset button can also be used
to force the OpenSDA circuit into bootloader mode. Please refer to section 5.2, Serial and Debug Adapter
(OpenSDA), for more details.
5.1.7 Debug
The sole debug interface on all Kinetis L Series devices is a Serial Wire Debug (SWD) port. The primary controller
of this interface on the FRDM-KL46Z is the onboard OpenSDA circuit (see section 5.2). However, an unpopulated
10-pin (0.05”) Cortex Debug connector, J11, provides access to the SWD signals. The Samtec FTSH-105-02-F-D or
compatible connectors can be added to the J11 through-hole debug connector to allow for an external debug
cable to be connected.
5.1.8 Segment LCD

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FRDM-KL46Z is using a 4 digit display (LUMEX LCD-S401M16KR) 4x8 segments. following table shows
connection from KL46 to s401 display.
Table 4. sLCD connections
s401 pin
KL46 LCD Pin
1
LCD_P40 (COM0)
2
LCD_P52 (COM1)
3
LCD_P19 (COM2)
4
LCD_P18 (COM3)
5
LCD_P37
6
LCD_P17
7
LCD_P7
8
LCD_P8
9
LCD_P53
10
LCD_P38
11
LCD_P10
12
LCD_P11
Figure 6 s401 segments layout
5.1.9 Capacitive Touch Slider
Two Touch Sense Input (TSI) signals, TSI0_CH9/PTB16, and TSI0_CH10/PTB17 are connected to capacitive
electrodes configured as a touch slider. Freescale’s Touch Sense Software (TSS) provides a software library for
implementing the capacitive touch slider.
5.1.10 Three-axis Accelerometer
A Freescale MMA8451Q low-power, three-axis accelerometer is interfaced through an I2C bus and two GPIO
signals as shown in Table 5 below. By default, the I2C address is 0x1D (SA0 pulled high).
Table 5. Accelerometer Signal Connections
MMA8451Q
KL46
SCL
PTE25/TPM0_CH1/I2C0_SDA
SDA
PTE24/TPM0_CH0/I2C0_SCL
INT1_ACCEL
PTC5/LLWU_P9
INT2 _ACCEL
PTD1 (shared with INT2_MAG)

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5.1.11 Three-axis Digital Magnetometer
A Freescale MAG3110 Three-Axis, Digital Magnetometer is interfaced through an I2C bus, and one GPIO
signals as shown in Table 6 below
Table 6. Magnetometer Signal Connections
MAG3110
KL46
SCL
PTE25/TPM0_CH1/I2C0_SDA
SDA
PTE24/TPM0_CH0/I2C0_SCL
INT1_MAG
PTD1 (shared with INT2_ACCEL) can be
isolated removing R50
5.1.12 LEDs
Two LED, Green LED is PWM capable, Signal connections are shown in Table 7.
Table 7. LED Signal Connections
LED
KL46
Red
PTD5
Green
PTE29/TPM0_CH2

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5.1.13 Visible light sensor
The FRDM-KL46Z has a visible light sensor that is connected to ADC0_SE3
Figure 7 Visible light sensor schematic
PTE22/ADC0_DP3/ADC0_SE3/

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5.1.14 Input/Output Connectors
The MKL46Z256VLL4 microcontroller is packaged in a 100-pin LQFP. Some pins are utilized in on-board circuitry,
but many are directly connected to one of four I/O headers.
The pins on the KL46 microcontroller are named for their general purpose input/output port pin function. For
example, the 1st pin on Port A is referred to as PTA1. The I/O connector pin names are given the same name as
the KL46 pin connected to it, where applicable.
Figure 8 FRDM-KL46 Pin-Out

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Note that all pinout data is available in spreadsheet format in FRDM-KL46Z Pinouts. See the Reference
Documents section for details.
5.1.15 Arduino Compatibility
The I/O headers on the FRDM-KL46Z are arranged to allow compatibility with peripheral boards (known as
shields) that connect to Arduino™ and Arduino-compatible microcontroller boards. The outer rows of pins
(the even numbered pins) on the headers share the same mechanical spacing and placement as the I/O
headers on the Arduino Revision 3 (R3) standard.