Oki B6100n Instruction Manual

OKI DATA
81,;3ULQWLQJ6RIWZDUH
$GPLQLVWUDWLRQDQG
,QVWDOODWLRQ*XLGH

ii8/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration Guide
Trademarks
The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Other product names mentioned in
this mnanual may also be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Registered trademarks are
registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office; some trademarks may also be registered in other
countries.
GENICOM is a registered trademark of GENICOM Corporation
COMPAQ, Alpha, Tru64, COMPAQ Corporation
HP, HP-UX, LaserJet/Hewlett-Packard Co.
IBM-AIX, International Business Machines Corporation
Intel/Intel Corporation
Oki Data, OkiData Americas, Inc.
Postscript, Adobe Systems, Inc.
SUN, Solaris, Sun MicroSystems, Inc.
UNIX/UNIX Systems Laboratories
Copyright Notice
This manual is Copyrighted © 2002 byOki Data Americas, Inc.All Rights Reserved.
The contents of this publication is subject to change without prior notice. Every attempt has been made to verify the
accuracy of the content herein.

Contents
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide iii
About this Guide 1
Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................................ 1
What You Need to Know ............................................................................................................................. 2
How to Use This Guide ..........................................................................................................................................2
Conventions .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Customer Support ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Your Okidata Vendor ..............................................................................................................................................4
The Internet .............................................................................................................................................................4
Acronyms & Commands .............................................................................................................................. 5
Chapter 1 Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a
Compaq Tru64 UNIX System .................................................................................................................... 7
lpr and lp ....................................................................................................................................................... 8
Installation Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................... 9
Super User Privileges ............................................................................................................................................10
Create a Temporary Directory ..............................................................................................................................10
Mount the CD-ROM on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System ....................................................................................10
Unarchiving .tar Files ...........................................................................................................................................11
Unarchiving the Master .tar File ...........................................................................................................................12
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit ....................................................................................................................................12
Installing UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System .................................................... 13
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software ........................................................................................................ 14
Configuring Unix Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System .................................................. 14
Creating Print Queues for a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System .................................................................................15
Using a Banner Page ................................................................................................................................... 19
Configuring a Banner Page ...................................................................................................................................19
Displaying Banner Options Using the lpspr Command ........................................................................................20
Maintaining Banner Information in the printer2mdl File .....................................................................................22
Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a HP/UX System ..................23
lpr and lp ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Installation Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 25
Super User Privileges ............................................................................................................................................25
Create a Temporary Directory ..............................................................................................................................26
Mount the CD-ROM on an HP/UX System .........................................................................................................26
Unarchiving .tar Files ...........................................................................................................................................27
Unarchiving the Master .tar File ...........................................................................................................................28
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit ....................................................................................................................................28
Installing UNIX Printing Software on an HP/UX System ......................................................................... 30
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software ........................................................................................................ 31
Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a HP/UX System ....................................................................... 31
Creating Print Queues for an HP/UX System .......................................................................................................32
Using a Banner Page ................................................................................................................................... 36
Configuring a Banner Page ...................................................................................................................................36
Displaying Banner Options Using the lpspr Command ........................................................................................37
Maintaining Banner Information in the printer2mdl File .....................................................................................39
Chapter 3 Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on an IBM/AIX System .............41
lpr and lp ..................................................................................................................................................... 42

iv8/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Contents
Installation Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 43
Super User Privileges ............................................................................................................................................43
Create a Temporary Directory ..............................................................................................................................44
Mount the CD-ROM on an IBM/AIX System ......................................................................................................44
Mount the CD-ROM on an IBM/AIX System Using SMIT ................................................................................46
Unarchiving .tar Files ...........................................................................................................................................47
Unarchiving the Master .tar File ...........................................................................................................................47
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit ....................................................................................................................................47
Installing UNIX Printing Software on an IBM/AIX System ...................................................................... 49
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software ........................................................................................................ 50
Configuring UNIX Printing Software on an IBM/AIX System ................................................................. 50
Creating a Print Queue for an IBM/AIX System ..................................................................................................51
Using a Banner Page ................................................................................................................................... 52
Configuring a Banner Page ...................................................................................................................................52
Displaying Banner Options Using the lpspr Command ........................................................................................53
Maintaining Banner Information in the printer2mdl File .....................................................................................55
Chapter 4 Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Linux System ................... 57
lpr and lp ..................................................................................................................................................... 58
Installation Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 59
Super User Privileges ............................................................................................................................................60
Create a Temporary Directory ..............................................................................................................................60
Mount the CD-ROM on a LINUX (Alpha or INTEL) System .............................................................................60
Unarchiving .tar Files ...........................................................................................................................................61
Unarchiving the Master .tar File ...........................................................................................................................61
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit ....................................................................................................................................61
Installing UNIX Printing Software on a Linux (Alpha or Intel) System .................................................... 63
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software ........................................................................................................ 63
Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a LINUX System ...................................................................... 64
Creating a Print Queue for a LINUX (Alpha or Intel) System .............................................................................64
Using a Banner Page ................................................................................................................................... 67
Configuring a Banner Page ...................................................................................................................................67
Displaying Banner Options Using the lpspr Command ........................................................................................68
Maintaining Banner Information in the printer2mdl File .....................................................................................70
Chapter 5 Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Sun Solaris System ......... 71
lpr and lp ..................................................................................................................................................... 72
Installation Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................. 74
Super User Privileges ............................................................................................................................................74
Create a Temporary Directory ..............................................................................................................................74
Mount the CD-ROM on a SUN Solaris System ...................................................................................................75
Unarchiving .tar Files ...........................................................................................................................................75
Unarchiving the Master .tar File ...........................................................................................................................76
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit ....................................................................................................................................76
Installing UNIX Printing Software on a SUN Solaris System ................................................................... 77
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software ........................................................................................................ 78
Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a SUN Solaris System ............................................................... 78
Creating a Print Queue for a SUN Solaris System ...............................................................................................79
Using a Banner Page ................................................................................................................................... 82
Configuring a Banner Page ...................................................................................................................................82

Contents
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide v
Displaying Banner Options Using the lpspr Command ........................................................................................83
Maintaining Banner Information in the printer2mdl File .....................................................................................85
Chapter 6 Running the Software ....................................................................................................87
About xlpsprint and lpspr ........................................................................................................................... 87
Model-to-ppd File (mdl2ppd) ...............................................................................................................................88
Printer to Model Map File (printer2mdl) ..............................................................................................................88
lpsprodb File .........................................................................................................................................................89
xlpsprint Command .................................................................................................................................... 90
Displaying xlpsprint ..............................................................................................................................................91
Selecting a Printer .................................................................................................................................................91
Selecting a File to Print from xlpsprint .................................................................................................................92
Printer Dependent Options ....................................................................................................................................93
Printing a File from xlpsprint ................................................................................................................................93
lpspr Command ........................................................................................................................................... 94
Input File Data Types ...........................................................................................................................................94
Defining Data Types .............................................................................................................................................94
lpspr Command Option Flags ...............................................................................................................................94
Displaying Printer Options ...................................................................................................................................96
Displaying Print Queues .......................................................................................................................................96
Printing Examples .................................................................................................................................................96
sdriver ......................................................................................................................................................... 97
sdriver General Information ....................................................................................................................... 97
Using sdriver in Stand-alone Mode ......................................................................................................................97
Using sdriver in Spooler Back-end Mode .............................................................................................................97

vi8/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Contents

UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide P-1
Preface
About this Guide
This guide describes the installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on the following platforms:
• Compaq Tru64 System
• HP/UX System
•IBM/AIXSystem
• Linux System (Alpha or Intel)
•SunSolaris
In addition to providing you with installation instructions for each of the above UNIX
Platforms, This guide also provides instructions on how to create print queues, and
how to prepare the output of a print job (e.g., selecting a printer, determining page
size, duplex options, and banner page options).
Intended Audience
The UNIX Printing Software Installation and Configuration Guide is intended for
system administrators and other qualified service personnel that have a working
knowledge of the various UNIX systems described in this guide.i
iYou must have Super User (Root) privileges in order to accomplish many of the
tasks described in this Guide.

P-28/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Preface: About this Guide
What You Need to Know
A working knowledge of the UNIX platform(s) on which you will be installing,
configuring, and using UNIX Printing Software is necessary for executing commands
on the command line interface or for setting up printer information on the graphical
user interface for UNIX Printing Software.
How to Use This Guide
There are seven chapters in the UNIX Printing Solution Installation and Configuration
Guide: a Preface chapter, and six other chapters, respectively numbered 1 through 6.
Chapters 1 through 5 provide individual instructions on how to install and configure
UNIX Printing Software for each separate UNIX system. Chapter 6 is an overall
description on how to run UNIX Printing Software.
Once you complete reading the Preface, go to the chapter in this guide that describes
the operating system on which you will be installing and running the software. Once
you complete the installation and configuration phase, refer to the final chapter in this
guide for instructions on how to use the software.
A description of each chapter found in this guide is as follows:
Table P-1. How to Use this Guide
Read To Learn About
Preface The general requirements necessary for operating UNIX
Printing Software. In addition, this chapter provides a
description of the chapter contents and style conventions found
in the UNIX Printing Software Guide.
Chapter 1 The installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on a Tru64 System.
Chapter 2 The installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on an HP/UX System.
Chapter 3 The installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on an IBM/AIX System.
Chapter 4 The installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on a Linux (Alpha or Intel)
System.
Chapter 5 The installation and configuration procedures necessary for
running UNIX Printing Software on a Sun Solaris System.

Conventions
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 8/25/02P-3
Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions to emphasize certain information, such as
user input and system output.
Chapter 6 The two commands (i.e., xlpsprint and lpspr) that let you run the
software. Use xlpsprint to invoke the graphical user interface
for UNIX Printing Software or lpspr to bring you into the
command line interface for installing and configuring UNIX
Printing Software.
Table P-1. How to Use this Guide
Read To Learn About
Table P-2. Conventions
Convention Indicates Example
Courier Bold User Input Show Clock
Courier System Output Please Wait...
Boxes surrounding text Notes Refer to the example below.
iNOTES provides additional information or helpful suggestions that may apply
to the subject text.

P-48/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Preface: About this Guide
Customer Support
Oki Data offers several sources of help and information. These include:
• Your Oki Data Vendor
• The Internet
• Okidata Technical Support
Your Okidata Vendor
Your local Oki Data vendor from whom you purchased this product may be best
equipped to help you. Your vendor has specially trained service technicians available
to answer questions and the equipment to analyze your problems.
The Internet
The Oki Data website, www.okidata.com, may also provide helpful information about
your printer.

Acronyms & Commands
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 8/25/02P-5
Acronyms & Commands
This section contains a general list of acronyms and commands found throughout this
guide.
Table P-3. Acronyms & Commands
Acronym/Command Definition
CLI Command Line Interface
GUI Graphical User Interface. To display the GUI for UNIX
Printing Software, enter xlpsprint at the command line.
IP Internet Protocol
lpadmin A command that lets you create print queues for HP/UX
systems and SUN Solaris systems. This command will only
work if lpsched has been stopped.
lpr A command spawned by xlpsprint and lpspr. It is a user
interface into a BSD printing subsystem that sends files to a
spooler daemon for printing.
lprcom A program file that sends flags to the spooler daemon for
printing. It has a default path of /usr/bin/lpr. You can accept
the default path by pressing RETURN, or you can provide a
new one at the command line.
lprflag An LPRCOM flag that is usually followed by the print queue
name. The flag that you select for LPRFLAG will depend
upon your UNIX Printing Subsystem.
lpshut A command that shuts down lpsched (i.e., line printer
scheduler). You must run this command on a HP/UX system
or a Sun Solaris system prior to running lpadmin. If you do
not shut down the line print scheduler, the lpadmin process
will not work. However, once the lpadmin command process
completes, the lpsched command must be reinstated.
lpspr This command provides the same functionality as xlpsprint,
with the exception that all tasks must be accomplished
through a command line interface.
lpsprodb A system file that you can modify to reflect your current
printing needs (e.g., paper length, page width). This file also
contains paths that point to all of the files used by lpspr and
xlpsprint.
lp A command spawned by xlpsprint. It is a user interface into a
System V-based printing subsystem that sends files to a
spooler deamon for printing.

P-68/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Preface: About this Guide
mdl2ppd Model-to-PPD File. A system file made up of a number of
lines with two items on each line. The first item is the printer
model name. The second item is the name of its
corresponding ppd file. You must update this file whenever a
new printer is added to the system.
printer2mdl Printer to Model File. A system file made up of a number of
lines with three items on each line. The first item is the print
queue name. All print queues that are added to this file must
point to printers with ppd files. In addition, you must want to
have access to the printers via xlpsprint.
The second item is the model name associated with the print
queue. The model name is used as a key to search the
modl2ppd file.
The third item is the banner page option. UNIX Printing
Software gives you the option of including or excluding
banner pages to precede your print jobs.
sdriver A UNIX print filter that drives printers that can support raw
TCP/IP sockets. It will establish a network connection to the
printer or print server in either a stand-alone mode or a
back-end mode, by receiving information that you provide in
flags at execution time.
su Super User. Use this command to assign super user privileges
to a user’s account.
xlpsprint A graphical user interface that lets you select printer features
and send files to a particular print queue.
Table P-3. Acronyms & Commands
Acronym/Command Definition

UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 1-7
1
Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing
Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX
System
This chapter contains information for installing and configuring UNIX Printing
Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX system.
Topics in this chapter include:
•“lpr and lp” on page 1-8
•“Installation Prerequisites” on page 1-9
•“Installing UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System” on page
1-13
•“Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software” on page 1-14
•“Configuring Unix Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System” on page
1-14
•“Using a Banner Page on page 1-19

1-88/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Chapter 1: Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
lpr and lp
lpr and lp are two separate commands that are used by xlpsprint and lpspr
for sending files to a spooler daemon for printing. The lpr command is used for
BSD-based printing, and the lp command is used for System V-based printing.
lpr and lp are the user interfaces into BSD and SYSTEM V spooling subsystems,
respectively. Although lpr and lp both use a spooler daemon to queue files for
printing, the process for sending the files to a printer differs. Another difference
between the two subsystems is in the command syntax that you enter at the command
line. A description of each command entry is as follows:
• BSD-based Printing
Users using UNIX systems that are based on the BSD derivative must enter the
lpr command at the command line to send files to the spooler daemon for
printing.
# lpr -Pprinter filename
where printer is the name of the print queue from /etc/printcap.
where filename is the name of a file that you would like to print using the
queued printer.
Example:
#lpr -PHallway_40 Test1.txt
The -P flag identifies the name of the print queue.
• System V-based Printing
Users Using UNIX systems that are based on the SYSTEM V derivative must
enter the lp command at the command line to send files to the spooler daemon for
printing.
# lp -dprinter filename
where printer is the name of the print queue created by the system
administrator using lpadmin, SMIT or another System V related utility.
where filename is the name of a file that you would like to print using the
queued printer.
Example:
ixlpsprint is a graphical user interface that lets you select printer features and
send files to a particular print queue. Refer to Chapter 6 for more information
about xlpsprint.

Installation Prerequisites
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 8/25/021-9
# lp -dCopyroom_40 Test2.txt
The -d flag indicates the print queue name for the print job.
Installation Prerequisites
There are several prerequisite tasks that you must complete before you can install the
software. A description of each one is as follows:
1. You must be a Super User (Root) in order to install UNIX Printing Software.
Refer to the section, “Super User Privileges” on page 1-10 to learn more about
this topic.
2. You must make a temporary directory for the software kit. Refer to the section,
“Create a Temporary Directory” on page 1-10 to learn more about this topic.
3. You are going to need to untar the Tar file once the software kit is in its temporary
directory. Refer to the section, “Unarchiving .tar Files” on page 1-11 to learn more
about this topic.
4. With the Tar File unarchived, you can run the lpspr_install command. Refer to the
section within this chapter that is specific to your UNIX system.
5. You should have a basic understanding about UNIX printing subsystems and the
types of commands that they require.
iThe installation script lpspr_install prompts you to select a path for LPRCOM and
a flag for LPRFLAG.
LPRCOM is a program file that sends flags to the spooler daemon for printing. It
has a default path of /usr/bin/lpr. You can accept the default path by pressing
RETURN, or you can provide a new one at the command line.
LPRFLAG is an LPRCOM flag that is usually followed by the print queue name.
The flag that you select for LPRFLAG will depend upon your UNIX printing
subsystem. If it is a BSD-derivative, press RETURN to select the default flag -P.
However, if the subsystem is a SYSTEM V derivative, you must change the
default flag to -d.

1-108/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Chapter 1: Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
Super User Privileges
To be a Super User (root), follow the instructions below:
1. Type su at the command line. Press RETURN.
You will be prompted for the super user password. If you do not know the super
user password, contact your system administrator.
2. Enter the super user password. Press RETURN.
Create a Temporary Directory
You must make a temporary directory for the UNIX Printing Software kit. Instructions
are as follows:
1. Enter the following command at the command line. Press RETURN.
#mkdir /tmp/install
2. Enter the following command at the command line. Press RETURN.
#cd /tmp/install
3. Your next step is to mount the CD-ROM. Refer to the next section, Mount the
CD-ROM for instructions on how to accomplish this task.
Mount the CD-ROM on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
Instructions on how to mount the CD-ROM on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System are as
follows:
1. Create a directory to serve as the mounting point for the CD-ROM.
Refer to the section Creating a Temporary Directory for instructions on how to
complete this task.
2. Enter the following command at the command line:
iYou must have super user privileges to complete this task. Refer to the section,
“Super User Privileges” on page 1-10 for instructions on how to become a super
user.
iYou must have super user privileges to complete this task. Refer to the section,
“Super User Privileges” on page 1-10 for instructions on how to become a super
user.

Installation Prerequisites
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 8/25/021-11
# mount -r -t cdfs -o noversion -v /dev/rz4c /mycdrom
where -r is read only.
where -t is the file type
where cdfs is the CD-ROM file system.
where -o noversion invokes the skip version process.
where -v selects the device drive.
where /dev/rz4c is the CD-ROM device file.
where /mycdrom identifies the mounting point for the CD-ROM.
3. Once the command successfully executes, you can refer to the device by the
mount point, e.g., mycdrom.
Unarchiving .tar Files
There is a master .tar file (i.e., unprswxx.tar) within your software kit that must be
unarchived. Inside the master .tar file is a set of individual .tar files that must also be
unarchived, as necessary, for each of the UNIX operating systems.
The .tar files maintained by unprswxx.tar include:
where xx is the version of the software kit.
• a dunix.tar for use with Compaq Tru64 UNIX systems.
• an hp9000_778.tar for use with HP/UX systems.
• linuxa.tar for use on a Alpha-based Linux system
• linuxi.tar for use on an Intel-based Linux system.
• an rs6000.tar for use with IBM/AIX systems.
• a sun4u.tar for use on SUN Solaris systems.
iOnce the software kit is in its temporary directory, you will need to untar the tar
File. Refer to the section, “Unarchiving .tar Files” on page 1-11 of this guide.
iBefore unarchiving a .tar file, make sure that you are located in the temporary
directory into which you want to install the kit.

1-128/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Chapter 1: Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
Unarchiving the Master .tar File
To unarchive the master .tar file, enter the following command at the command line:
#tar xvf unprswxx.tar
Refer to the section, “Viewing tar File Contents” on page 1-12 to find out how to
display the contents of this file.
Unarchiving a .tar File Kit
To unarchive one of the .tar files that was maintained by the master .tar file, enter the
following command at the command line:
#tar xvf filename.tar
where filename identifies the software kit for your UNIX operating system.
Refer to the section, Viewing tar File Contents to find out how to display the contents
of this file.
Viewing tar File Contents
To view the contents of the newly unarchived tar file, enter the following command at
the command line:
# ls -l
You should see the following directories and files in your kit:
Directories
•exe
• lib
•man1
•ppd
Files:
•XLpsprint1
• lpspr_install
• lpsprodb.ini
•make_model
• lpspr_deinstall

Installing UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide 8/25/021-13
Installing UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64
UNIX System
Instructions for installing UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
are as follows:
1. Enter the following command at the command line. Press RETURN.
#./lpspr_install
The following prompt appears:
Select LPSROOT [/opt/lpspr]:
LPSROOT is an upper level directory structure under which the rest of the code
will be installed.
2. Press RETURN to accept the default, or enter another pathname to be used by
LPSROOT.
Another prompt appears:
Select LPRCOM [/usr/bin/lpr]:
3. Press RETURN to accept the default. Another prompt appears:
Select LPRFLAG [-P]
4. Press RETURN to accept the default. The following message appears:
Installation is Successful
iIf the installation is unsuccessful, you must deinstall the existing software,
before you can reinstall it. Refer to the section, “Deinstalling UNIX Printing
Software” on page 1-14 for instructions on how to accomplish this task.

1-148/25/02 UNIX Printing Software Administration and Installation Guide
Chapter 1: Installing and Configuring UNIX Printing Software on a Compaq Tru64 UNIX System
Deinstalling UNIX Printing Software
If lpspr_install does not successfully copy all of the files within the kit, you must
delete the existing files from the system before reinstalling the software. The
lpspr_deinstall command will remove the directory structure for all existing files for
lpspr, xlpsprint and sdriver.
You can use this deinstall command on any of the UNIX systems.
1. From the command line, enter the following command:
# ./lpspr_deinstall
The following prompt appears:
Select LPSROOT [/opt/lpspr]
LPSROOT is an upper level directory structure under which rest of the installation
code is installed.
2. Press RETURN if the default is OK. Otherwise, enter a new path.
The following message appears:
Deinstallation successful
Configuring Unix Printing Software on a Compaq
Tru64 UNIX System
This section contains instructions on how to configure UNIX Printing Software on a
Compaq Tru64 UNIX System.
Configuration topics include:
• how to create print queues
• how to print banner pages
iYou must be a Super User (Root) in order to perform any of the configuration
tasks described in this chapter. Refer to the section, “Super User Privileges” on
page 1-10 for instructions on how to accomplish this task.